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3. Asymptotic scaling relations for rotating spherical convection with strong zonal flows

Author

Nicoski, Justin A., O'Connor, Anne R., and Calkins, Michael A.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We analyse the results of direct numerical simulations of rotating convection in spherical shell geometries with stress-free boundary conditions, which develop strong zonal flows. Both the Ekman number and the Rayleigh number are varied. We find that the asymptotic theory for rapidly rotating convection can be used to predict the Ekman number dependence of each term in the governing equations, along with the convective flow speeds and the dominant length scales. Using a balance between the Reynolds stress and the viscous stress, together with the asymptotic scaling for the convective velocity, we derive an asymptotic prediction for the scaling behaviour of the zonal flow with respect to the Ekman number, which is supported by the numerical simulations. We do not find evidence of distinct asymptotic scalings for the buoyancy and viscous forces and, in agreement with previous results from asymptotic plane layer models, we find that the ratio of the viscous force to the buoyancy force increases with Rayleigh number. Thus, viscosity remains non-negligible and we do not observe a trend towards a diffusion-free scaling behaviour within the rapidly rotating regime., Comment: 36 pages, 20 figures

Published
2023

5. Chapter 1 Media and translation

Author

O’Connor, Anne

Subjects
Alternative Media Forms, audiovisual translation, Esperança Bielsa, Fansubbing, Journalism and translation ethics, Localization, Media and translation, Media asymmetries and translation, Media Interpreting, Media translation and politics., thema EDItEUR::C Language and Linguistics::CF Linguistics
Abstract

This chapter examines how the intersections between media and translation have been theorized and highlights medial interactions with forms and processes of translation. In so doing, it discusses the impact of media and translation on each other; the significance of the non-human agent in the production, circulation and reception of translations; and the levels of agency attributed to media. The chapter considers how the media of composition and the media of transmission might have a bearing on the eventual form and impact of the translation product, and discusses the growing calls for media technologies to be seen as constitutive in meaning making, rather than mere containers. Using three diverse historical examples, the chapter traces moments of intersection between media and translation, posing questions on how materiality, technicity, mediality and translation can be perceived to interact and engage with each other.

Published
2022
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7. A Text Messaging Intervention to Improve Heart Failure Self-Management After Hospital Discharge in a Largely African-American Population: Before-After Study

Author

Nundy, Shantanu, Razi, Rabia R, Dick, Jonathan J, Smith, Bryan, Mayo, Ainoa, O'Connor, Anne, and Meltzer, David O

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundThere is increasing interest in finding novel approaches to reduce health disparities in readmissions for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Text messaging is a promising platform for improving chronic disease self-management in low-income populations, yet is largely unexplored in ADHF. ObjectiveThe purpose of this pre-post study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a text message–based (SMS: short message service) intervention in a largely African American population with ADHF and explore its effects on self-management. MethodsHospitalized patients with ADHF were enrolled in an automated text message–based heart failure program for 30 days following discharge. Messages provided self-care reminders and patient education on diet, symptom recognition, and health care navigation. Demographic and cell phone usage data were collected on enrollment, and an exit survey was administered on completion. The Self-Care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) was administered preintervention and postintervention and compared using sample t tests (composite) and Wilcoxon rank sum tests (individual). Clinical data were collected through chart abstraction. ResultsOf 51 patients approached for recruitment, 27 agreed to participate and 15 were enrolled (14 African-American, 1 White). Barriers to enrollment included not owning a personal cell phone (n=12), failing the Mini-Mental exam (n=3), needing a proxy (n=2), hard of hearing (n=1), and refusal (n=3). Another 3 participants left the study for health reasons and 3 others had technology issues. A total of 6 patients (5 African-American, 1 White) completed the postintervention surveys. The mean age was 50 years (range 23-69) and over half had Medicaid or were uninsured (60%, 9/15). The mean ejection fraction for those with systolic dysfunction was 22%, and at least two-thirds had a prior hospitalization in the past year. Participants strongly agreed that the program was easy to use (83%), reduced pills missed (66%), and decreased salt intake (66%). Maintenance (mean composite score 49 to 78, P=.003) and management (57 to 86, P=.002) improved at 4 weeks, whereas confidence did not change (57 to 75, P=.11). Of the 6 SCHFI items that showed a statistically significant improvement, 5 were specifically targeted by the texting intervention. ConclusionsOver half of ADHF patients in an urban, largely African American community were eligible and interested in participating in a text messaging program following discharge. Access to mobile phones was a significant barrier that should be addressed in future interventions. Among the participants who completed the study, we observed a high rate of satisfaction and preliminary evidence of improvements in heart failure self-management.

Published
2013
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8. How often are infusion sets for central venous catheters changed in Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Units? A point prevalence survey

Author

Hammond, Naomi, Freeman-Sanderson, Amy, Ganu, Subodh, Howe, Belinda, Litton, Ed, Mackle, Diane, Saxena, Manoj, Seppelt, Ian, Towns, Miriam, Yarad, Elizabeth, Knowles, Serena, Gao, Annie, Li, Yang, Myburgh, John, Nangla, Conrad, Butt, Fatima, Duke, Graeme, Hunter, Stephanie, Evans, Julie, Parker, Dianne, Loughnan, Clare, Thomas, Blessy, Gilder, Eileen, Robertson, Melissa, McMahon, Ellie, Ali, Farisha, Cowdrey, Keri-Anne, McArthur, Colin, Chen, Yan, Simmonds, Catherine, McConnochie, Rachael, O'Connor, Caroline, El-Khawas, Khaled, Hill, Dianne, Cattigan, Claire, Horton, Michelle, Trickey, Jemma, Knott, Cameron, Smith, Julie, Boschert, Catherine, Sara, Treena, Nand, Kiran, Ramanan, Mahesh, Marella, Prashanti, Affleck, Julia, Simpson, Shannon, Ellem, Katrina, McKenna, Toni, Nourse, Mary, Leung, Kristine, Edmunds, Tash, McDonald, Bree, Mehrtens, Jan, Cross, Rosalba, Wong, Helen, Twardowski, Pawel, France, Dawn, Hanlon, Gabrielle, Barrett, Jonathan, Palermo, Annamaria, Pellicano, Susan, Eroglu, Ege, Bihari, Shailesh, Brown, Julia, Grear, Laura, Jin, Xia, French, Craig, Bates, Samantha, Marshall, Fiona, McEldrew, Rebecca, McCullough, James, Tallott, Mandy, Gough, Maimoonbe, Nalos, Marek, Younger, Laura, Krishnamurphy, Ravi, Trent, Louise, How, Janet, Stuart, Anne, Chadwick, Llesley, Bhadange, Neeraj, Tyler, Steven, Sosnowski, Kellie, Morrison, Lynette, Sutton, Joanne, Soar, Natalie, Lee, David, Doyle, Marina, Jongebloed, Katherine, Finnis, Mackenzie, Wilson, Jane, Williams, Tony, Song, Rima, Lai, Vivian, Girijadevi, Dinu, Habraken, Hannah, Browne, Alex, Koelle, Jette, McNab, Charlotte, Masters, Kristy, Gresham, Rebecca, Lowrey, Julie, Whitehead, Christina, Liang, Janet, Harward, Meg, Jones, Cassie, Peake, Sandra, Williams, Tricia, Kurenda, Catherine, Tabah, Alexis, Duroux, Maree, Warhurst, Timothy, Ratcliffe, Megan, Pollock, Hamish, Baker, Stuart, Sonawane, Ravikiran, O'Connor, Stephanie, Brown, Nerissa, Glasby, Kathleen, Rivett, Justine, Campbell, Lewis, Tabuzo, Vera, Smyth, Kirsty, Bass, Frances, O'Connor, Anne, Leonard, Anton, Waterson, Sharon, Coles, Jennifer, Buhr, Heidi, Newman, Duncan, Boorawong, Piyaporn, Bregolin, Vanessa, Yun, Ji-Hyun, Anstey, Matthew, Rock, Lara, Endemann, Anthadene, Lo, Wei, Ferrier, Janet, Reynolds, Claire, Santamaria, John, Holmes, Jennifer, Beca, John, Sherring, Claire, Garrett, Peter, Murray, Lauren, Brailsford, Jane, Browne, Troy, Goodson, Jennifer, Udy, Andrew, Young, Meredith, Board, Jasmin, McCracken, Phoebe, Martin, Emma-Leah, Martynoga, Robert, Butler, Amelia, Trask, Kara, Olatunji, Shaanti, Cruz, Rhoze Sol, Cruz, Raulle Sol, Navarra, Leanlove, Delaney, Kirsha, Lesona, Eden, Young, Chelsea, Spring, Amelia, Aguilar, April, Young, Paul, Law, Erin, Anstey, Matthew H., Maxwell, Nicky, Rickard, Claire M., Hammond, Naomi E., and McGain, Forbes

Published
2024
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9. How much do we throw away in the intensive care unit? An observational point prevalence study of Australian and New Zealand ICUs

Author

Hammond, Naomi, Knowles, Serena, Freeman-Sanderson, Amy, Ganu, Subodh, Howe, Belinda, Litton, Ed, Mackle, Diane, Saxena, Manoj, Seppelt, Ian, Towns, Miriam, Yarad, Elizabeth, Hammond, Gao, Annie, Li, Yang, Myburgh, John, Nangla, Conrad, Butt, Fatima, Duke, Graeme, Hunter, Stephanie, Evans, Julie, Parker, Dianne, Loughnan, Clare, Thomas, Blessy, Gilder, Eileen, Robertson, Melissa, McMahon, Ellie, Ali, Farisha, Cowdrey, Keri-Anne, McArthur, Colin, Chen, Yan, Simmonds, Catherine, McConnochie, Rachael, O'Connor, Caroline, El-Khawas, Khaled, Hill, Dianne, Cattigan, Claire, Horton, Michelle, Trickey, Jemma, Knott, Cameron, Smith, Julie, Boschert, Catherine, Sara, Treena, Nand, Kiran, Ramanan, Mahesh, Marella, Prashanti, Affleck, Julia, Simpson, Shannon, Ellem, Katrina, McKenna, Toni, Nourse, Mary, Leung, Kristine, Edmunds, Tash, McDonald, Bree, Mehrtens, Jan, Cross, Rosalba, Wong, Helen, Twardowski, Pawel, France, Dawn, Hanlon, Gabrielle, Barrett, Jonathan, Palermo, Annamaria, Pellicano, Susan, Eroglu, Ege, Bihari, Shailesh, Brown, Julia, Grear, Laura, Jin, Xia, French, Craig, Bates, Samantha, Marshall, Fiona, McEldrew, Rebecca, McCullough, James, Tallott, Mandy, Gough, Maimoonbe, Nalos, Marek, Younger, Laura, Krishnamurphy, Ravi, Trent, Louise, How, Janet, Stuart, Anne, Chadwick, Llesley, Bhadange, Neeraj, Tyler, Steven, Sosnowski, Kellie, Morrison, Lynette, Sutton, Joanne, Soar, Natalie, Lee, David, Doyle, Marina, Jongebloed, Katherine, Finnis, Mackenzie, Wilson, Jane, Williams, Tony, Song, Rima, Lai, Vivian, Girijadevi, Dinu, Habraken, Hannah, Browne, Alex, Koelle, Jette, McNab, Charlotte, Masters, Kristy, Gresham, Rebecca, Lowrey, Julie, Whitehead, Christina, Liang, Janet, Harward, Meg, Jones, Cassie, Peake, Sandra, Williams, Tricia, Kurenda, Catherine, Tabah, Alexis, Duroux, Maree, Warhurst, Timothy, Ratcliffe, Megan, Pollock, Hamish, Baker, Stuart, Sonawane, Ravikiran, O'Connor, Stephanie, Brown, Nerissa, Glasby, Kathleen, Rivett, Justine, Campbell, Lewis, Tabuzo, Vera, Smyth, Kirsty, Bass, Frances, O'Connor, Anne, Leonard, Anton, Waterson, Sharon, Coles, Jennifer, Buhr, Heidi, Newman, Duncan, Boorawong, Piyaporn, Bregolin, Vanessa, Yun, Ji-Hyun, Anstey, Matthew, Rock, Lara, Endemann, Anthadene, Lo, Wei, Ferrier, Janet, Reynolds, Claire, Santamaria, John, Holmes, Jennifer, Beca, John, Sherring, Claire, Garrett, Peter, Murray, Lauren, Brailsford, Jane, Browne, Troy, Goodson, Jennifer, Udy, Andrew, Young, Meredith, Board, Jasmin, McCracken, Phoebe, Martin, Emma-Leah, Martynoga, Robert, Butler, Amelia, Trask, Kara, Olatunji, Shaanti, Cruz, Rhoze Sol, Cruz, Raulle Sol, Navarra, Leanlove, Delaney, Kirsha, Lesona, Eden, Young, Chelsea, Spring, Amelia, Aguilar, April, Young, Paul, Law, Erin, Anstey, Matthew H., Bhonagiri, Deepak, Hammond, Naomi E., and McGain, Forbes

Published
2023
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10. Metabolic Dysregulation of the Lysophospholipid/autotaxin Axis in the Chromosome 9p21 Gene SNP rs10757274

Author

Meckelmann, Sven W, Hawksworth, Jade I, White, Daniel, Andrews, Robert, Rodrigues, Patricia, O'Connor, Anne, Alvarez-Jarreta, Jorge, Tyrrell, Victoria J, Hinz, Christine, Zhou, You, Williams, Julie, Aldrovandi, Maceler, Watkins, William J, Engler, Adam J, Sardo, Valentina Lo, Slatter, David A, Allen, Stuart M, Acharya, Jay, Mitchell, Jacquie, Cooper, Jackie, Aoki, Junken, Kano, Kuniyuki, Humphries, Steve E, and O'Donnell, Valerie B

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Genetics, Cardiovascular, Heart Disease, Biotechnology, Clinical Research, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9, Coronary Disease, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Lysophospholipids, Male, Middle Aged, Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, atherosclerosis, lipids, mass spectrometry, phenotype, phospholipids, Medical Biotechnology, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Abstract

BackgroundCommon chromosome 9p21 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) increase coronary heart disease risk, independent of traditional lipid risk factors. However, lipids comprise large numbers of structurally related molecules not measured in traditional risk measurements, and many have inflammatory bioactivities. Here, we applied lipidomic and genomic approaches to 3 model systems to characterize lipid metabolic changes in common Chr9p21 SNPs, which confer ≈30% elevated coronary heart disease risk associated with altered expression of ANRIL, a long ncRNA.MethodsUntargeted and targeted lipidomics was applied to plasma from NPHSII (Northwick Park Heart Study II) homozygotes for AA or GG in rs10757274, followed by correlation and network analysis. To identify candidate genes, transcriptomic data from shRNA downregulation of ANRIL in HEK-293 cells was mined. Transcriptional data from vascular smooth muscle cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells of individuals with/without Chr9p21 risk, nonrisk alleles, and corresponding knockout isogenic lines were next examined. Last, an in-silico analysis of miRNAs was conducted to identify how ANRIL might control lysoPL (lysophosphospholipid)/lysoPA (lysophosphatidic acid) genes.ResultsElevated risk GG correlated with reduced lysoPLs, lysoPA, and ATX (autotaxin). Five other risk SNPs did not show this phenotype. LysoPL-lysoPA interconversion was uncoupled from ATX in GG plasma, suggesting metabolic dysregulation. Significantly altered expression of several lysoPL/lysoPA metabolizing enzymes was found in HEK cells lacking ANRIL. In the vascular smooth muscle cells data set, the presence of risk alleles associated with altered expression of several lysoPL/lysoPA enzymes. Deletion of the risk locus reversed the expression of several lysoPL/lysoPA genes to nonrisk haplotype levels. Genes that were altered across both cell data sets were DGKA, MBOAT2, PLPP1, and LPL. The in-silico analysis identified 4 ANRIL-regulated miRNAs that control lysoPL genes as miR-186-3p, miR-34a-3p, miR-122-5p, and miR-34a-5p.ConclusionsA Chr9p21 risk SNP associates with complex alterations in immune-bioactive phospholipids and their metabolism. Lipid metabolites and genomic pathways associated with coronary heart disease pathogenesis in Chr9p21 and ANRIL-associated disease are demonstrated.

Published
2020

11. How often are infusion sets for central venous catheters changed in Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Units? A point prevalence survey

Author

Anstey, Matthew H., primary, Maxwell, Nicky, additional, Rickard, Claire M., additional, Hammond, Naomi E., additional, Knowles, Serena, additional, McGain, Forbes, additional, Hammond, Naomi, additional, Freeman-Sanderson, Amy, additional, Ganu, Subodh, additional, Howe, Belinda, additional, Litton, Ed, additional, Mackle, Diane, additional, Saxena, Manoj, additional, Seppelt, Ian, additional, Towns, Miriam, additional, Yarad, Elizabeth, additional, Gao, Annie, additional, Li, Yang, additional, Myburgh, John, additional, Nangla, Conrad, additional, Butt, Fatima, additional, Duke, Graeme, additional, Hunter, Stephanie, additional, Evans, Julie, additional, Parker, Dianne, additional, Loughnan, Clare, additional, Thomas, Blessy, additional, Gilder, Eileen, additional, Robertson, Melissa, additional, McMahon, Ellie, additional, Ali, Farisha, additional, Cowdrey, Keri-Anne, additional, McArthur, Colin, additional, Chen, Yan, additional, Simmonds, Catherine, additional, McConnochie, Rachael, additional, O'Connor, Caroline, additional, El-Khawas, Khaled, additional, Hill, Dianne, additional, Cattigan, Claire, additional, Horton, Michelle, additional, Trickey, Jemma, additional, Knott, Cameron, additional, Smith, Julie, additional, Boschert, Catherine, additional, Sara, Treena, additional, Nand, Kiran, additional, Ramanan, Mahesh, additional, Marella, Prashanti, additional, Affleck, Julia, additional, Simpson, Shannon, additional, Ellem, Katrina, additional, McKenna, Toni, additional, Nourse, Mary, additional, Leung, Kristine, additional, Edmunds, Tash, additional, McDonald, Bree, additional, Mehrtens, Jan, additional, Cross, Rosalba, additional, Wong, Helen, additional, Twardowski, Pawel, additional, France, Dawn, additional, Hanlon, Gabrielle, additional, Barrett, Jonathan, additional, Palermo, Annamaria, additional, Pellicano, Susan, additional, Eroglu, Ege, additional, Bihari, Shailesh, additional, Brown, Julia, additional, Grear, Laura, additional, Jin, Xia, additional, French, Craig, additional, Bates, Samantha, additional, Marshall, Fiona, additional, McEldrew, Rebecca, additional, McCullough, James, additional, Tallott, Mandy, additional, Gough, Maimoonbe, additional, Nalos, Marek, additional, Younger, Laura, additional, Krishnamurphy, Ravi, additional, Trent, Louise, additional, How, Janet, additional, Stuart, Anne, additional, Chadwick, Llesley, additional, Bhadange, Neeraj, additional, Tyler, Steven, additional, Sosnowski, Kellie, additional, Morrison, Lynette, additional, Sutton, Joanne, additional, Soar, Natalie, additional, Lee, David, additional, Doyle, Marina, additional, Jongebloed, Katherine, additional, Finnis, Mackenzie, additional, Wilson, Jane, additional, Williams, Tony, additional, Song, Rima, additional, Lai, Vivian, additional, Girijadevi, Dinu, additional, Habraken, Hannah, additional, Browne, Alex, additional, Koelle, Jette, additional, McNab, Charlotte, additional, Masters, Kristy, additional, Gresham, Rebecca, additional, Lowrey, Julie, additional, Whitehead, Christina, additional, Liang, Janet, additional, Harward, Meg, additional, Jones, Cassie, additional, Peake, Sandra, additional, Williams, Tricia, additional, Kurenda, Catherine, additional, Tabah, Alexis, additional, Duroux, Maree, additional, Warhurst, Timothy, additional, Ratcliffe, Megan, additional, Pollock, Hamish, additional, Baker, Stuart, additional, Sonawane, Ravikiran, additional, O'Connor, Stephanie, additional, Brown, Nerissa, additional, Glasby, Kathleen, additional, Rivett, Justine, additional, Campbell, Lewis, additional, Tabuzo, Vera, additional, Smyth, Kirsty, additional, Bass, Frances, additional, O'Connor, Anne, additional, Leonard, Anton, additional, Waterson, Sharon, additional, Coles, Jennifer, additional, Buhr, Heidi, additional, Newman, Duncan, additional, Boorawong, Piyaporn, additional, Bregolin, Vanessa, additional, Yun, Ji-Hyun, additional, Anstey, Matthew, additional, Rock, Lara, additional, Endemann, Anthadene, additional, Lo, Wei, additional, Ferrier, Janet, additional, Reynolds, Claire, additional, Santamaria, John, additional, Holmes, Jennifer, additional, Beca, John, additional, Sherring, Claire, additional, Garrett, Peter, additional, Murray, Lauren, additional, Brailsford, Jane, additional, Browne, Troy, additional, Goodson, Jennifer, additional, Udy, Andrew, additional, Young, Meredith, additional, Board, Jasmin, additional, McCracken, Phoebe, additional, Martin, Emma-Leah, additional, Martynoga, Robert, additional, Butler, Amelia, additional, Trask, Kara, additional, Olatunji, Shaanti, additional, Cruz, Rhoze Sol, additional, Cruz, Raulle Sol, additional, Navarra, Leanlove, additional, Delaney, Kirsha, additional, Lesona, Eden, additional, Young, Chelsea, additional, Spring, Amelia, additional, Aguilar, April, additional, Young, Paul, additional, and Law, Erin, additional

Published
2024
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19. A whole-campus approach to technology and inclusion of students with disabilities in higher education in Ireland.

Author

Zorec, Klavdija, Desmond, Deirdre, Boland, Trevor, McNicholl, Aoife, O'Connor, Anne, Stafford, Gillian, and Gallagher, Pamela

Subjects
SCHOOL environment, ACCESSIBLE design, HEALTH facility design & construction, RESEARCH funding, INTERVIEWING, RESPONSIBILITY, SCHOOLS, MAINSTREAMING in special education, EDUCATIONAL technology, SOCIAL integration, THEMATIC analysis, PROFESSIONS, COLLEGE students, COMMITMENT (Psychology), STUDENT attitudes
Abstract

The increasing demand for equitable higher education necessitates changes in how to consider and develop inclusive university settings. Using a systems-thinking lens, this article examines the whole-campus approach to technology and inclusion of college students with disabilities in Ireland. In-depth interviews with students with disabilities and other stakeholders representing higher education, non-profit organizations, and government bodies uncovered critical areas and dynamics for understanding and building institution-wide capacity for overcoming barriers to technology and access, and creating a systemic culture of inclusion in higher education. Five themes were identified: equity of technology-based access; shared responsibility and accountability; staff knowledge development; institutional commitment and management; and student partnership. The study indicated that embedding guidance, recognition and expectations for universal design, technology-inclusive practice, and meaningful input of students with disabilities across all areas of university life would help to cultivate more equitable higher education for all. The whole-campus approach to technology and inclusion recommends that all aspects of university life are fully accessible and inclusive to all. Creating settings across institutions that can be accessed and used by all, to the greatest extent possible, and developing staff's responsibility and skills for technology and practices that include students with disabilities are important areas for further action. Greater recognition of teaching and professional development for inclusive education is required. Promoting assistive technologies and teaching and learning approaches for inclusion in terms of their wide-reaching benefits and diversity, rather than focusing exclusively on disability, may be a promising step towards making inclusion mainstream. Fully including students with disabilities in making decisions on matters that affect their experiences and technology in college is necessary to support inclusion across university campuses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. AXDND1 is required to balance spermatogonial commitment and for sperm tail formation in mice and humans

Author

Houston, Brendan J., primary, Nguyen, Joseph, additional, Merriner, D. Jo, additional, O’Connor, Anne E., additional, Lopes, Alexandra M., additional, Nagirnaja, Liina, additional, Friedrich, Corinna, additional, Kliesch, Sabine, additional, Tüttelmann, Frank, additional, Aston, Kenneth I., additional, Conrad, Donald F., additional, Hobbs, Robin M., additional, Dunleavy, Jessica EM, additional, and O’Bryan, Moira K., additional

Published
2023
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28. Conclusion

Author

O’Connor, Anne, Rogers, Margaret, Series editor, and O’Connor, Anne

Published
2017
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33. Fossils and the Tree of Life : ghost ranges, stratigraphic congruence and data quality

Author

O'Connor, Anne and Wills, Matthew

Subjects
576.8
Abstract

To investigate major evolutionary trends and the importance of fossil data we need to be confident that both phylogenetic trees and fossil dates are reliable. Indices of stratigraphic congruence provide a way to quantify the fit between the fossil record and phylogeny, but appear to be subject to a number of putative biases. I used both simulated data and a large sample of empirical trees to determine the effect of these biases on the most widely used indices of stratigraphic congruence to determine. The GER* (the modified gap excess ratio) was the least sensitive and therefore recommended for use. I found that stratigraphic congruence varied significantly across higher taxa (for example, arthropods were less stratigraphically congruent than tetrapods), and also throughout the Phanerozoic (the last 540 million years), closely following the taxonomic composition of my sample. I focussed on data quality and in particular taxon sampling, homoplasy and tree support to investigate general trends across taxonomic groups. A novel script was developed to automatically carry out continuous taxon jackknifing to investigate the effect of taxon sampling on the stability of phylogenetic trees. While this is a computationally intensive process, I found that measures of homoplasy and support (which are much easier to calculate) could serve as partial indicators of whether a tree was likely to be sensitive to taxon sampling. There was no major variation in taxon sampling trends across higher taxa. A modified version of this script was then used to look at particular cases of conflicting phylogenetic hypotheses to determine how easy it would be to get a data set to generate a constraint topology with only small changes to the taxon sample. In almost every case, it required maximal removal of taxa from the data set in order to match the constraint topology, indicating that there were very different phylogenetic signals in the different data sets. The extent of trends across taxonomic groups and through time is variable. Although stratigraphic congruence varies significantly between groups and throughout the Phanerozoic, measures of homoplasy and support do not appear to be taxon dependent. Taxon sampling is an important consideration when designing phylogenetic analyses: denser taxon sampling can have a positive influence on estimates of phylogenetic accuracy and perturbations of the taxon sample can result in radically different evolutionary relationships.

Published
2014

34. Asymptotic scaling relations for rotating spherical convection with strong zonal flows.

Author

Nicoski, Justin A., O'Connor, Anne R., and Calkins, Michael A.

Subjects
CONVECTIVE flow, REYNOLDS stress, VISCOSITY, RAYLEIGH number, MODEL airplanes
Abstract

We analyse the results of direct numerical simulations of rotating convection in spherical shell geometries with stress-free boundary conditions, which develop strong zonal flows. Both the Ekman number and the Rayleigh number are varied. We find that the asymptotic theory for rapidly rotating convection can be used to predict the Ekman number dependence of each term in the governing equations, along with the convective flow speeds and the dominant length scales. Using a balance between the Reynolds stress and the viscous stress, together with the asymptotic scaling for the convective velocity, we derive an asymptotic prediction for the scaling behaviour of the zonal flow with respect to the Ekman number, which is supported by the numerical simulations. We do not find evidence of distinct asymptotic scalings for the buoyancy and viscous forces and, in agreement with previous results from asymptotic plane layer models, we find that the ratio of the viscous force to the buoyancy force increases with Rayleigh number. Thus, viscosity remains non-negligible and we do not observe a trend towards a diffusion-free scaling behaviour within the rapidly rotating regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Grappling with grey : stories and conversations questioning the interpretation of a woman's distress

Author

O'Connor, Anne

Subjects
616.89
Abstract

This narrative inquiry focuses on the experiences of a fictitious woman called Eimear Brennan. Growing up in suburban Dublin during the 1950s, she realises early on in life that there is not much space for her curiosity and exuberance and she is compelled to develop her own strategies in order to make her world safe. In her 30s she is initially relieved to have her mental distress diagnosed as Borderline Personality Disorder, but she discovers that there are disadvantages to an acceptance of structural interpretations and labels. Through our imagined conversations together, Eimear and I begin to explore other possible understandings. Drawing on psychological, feminist and post-structural theories, we eo-research alternative explanations. Avoiding the danger of being immobilised by social analysis, some options for relieving distress are suggested. Different representations are placed alongside each other here. Stories of Eimear's life, the conversations we engage in and academic texts are disrupted and connected by interludes which include poems, photographs, drawings and reflections. They are all presented as a fictitious yet truthful account of one imagined person's experiences of mental distress.

Published
2012

39. Making up Mosquitoes: Gene Drives, Malaria, and Reproductive Transformation in the Field

Author

O'Connor, Anne

Subjects
Cultural anthropology, Gene Drives, Genetic, Mosquito, Reproduction, Technology
Abstract

This dissertation is based on five years of fieldwork with the UC Davis Vector Genetics Laboratory in Davis California. Following particularly their collaboration with a University of California consortium project led by UC Irvine, it is focused on the laboratory’s contribution to the project of creating the first open-field trial of genetically modified organisms bearing gene drives, a genetic element which alters patterns of genetic inheritance. These organisms are a version of the Anopheles gambiae mosquito, which is the main African vector of malaria. That disease continues to kill nearly half a million people on that continent every year, most of them children. Even with the very recent introduction of a possible vaccine, with only about 30% effectiveness, the project is premised on the conclusion that existing prevention and treatment efforts are, and will continue to be, inadequate. The research team believes that this project, if it progresses to implementation on continental Africa, has the potential to eliminate malaria. The Vector Genetics Laboratory has been tasked with undertaking the fieldwork portion of this project, or bringing organisms and phenomena demonstrated in the laboratory to fruition in the world. This text highlights a simple point which has nevertheless been neglected in most conversations around gene drives and similar genetic engineering projects. The trial, like some others using similar technologies, depends on the manipulation of existing populations and their reproductive networks. This new mode of controlling living organisms is offered as a more elegant and effective way to change other living beings in the world. Rather than doing things to them, we have them do them to each other. Gene drives are perhaps the clearest example of this strategy, and it is widely recognized that this opens up new possibilities for the manipulation of living beings. I argue here, however, that this strategy also re-theorizes ideas of control in practice, and scrambles existing discourses about novelty and change through what it does to sexual reproduction. While we tend to think of the new mosquito as the novel element of the equation, my fieldwork shows that it does not figure centrally in the planning of an open field trial. That is because it is not very likely to do a new or unexpected thing all on its own. The crux of this new technology is that it intervenes at the point of reproduction—the space where the researchers anticipate they may be surprised, where something unpredictable may happen, is at this sexual interface between laboratory mosquito and wild-type. Because they know a great deal about the former, but very little about the latter, it is in the wild half of this equation that attention is centered. This matters for the kinds of stories we are building around this and other projects using gene drives. Because this is likely to be the first use of the technology outside the laboratory, its outcome carries tremendous consequences for future uses, both planned and as-yet unimagined. I argue that implementation, far from being after-the-fact, is actually the main event. The project is not the mosquito; it is what the mosquito can do with the world. Investigations of mosquito worlds, thus, take on a new and greater significance: they are not the passive ground upon which change is enacted, but active doers catalyzed in a particular way by sex.

Published
2021

45. Retained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act 2023: a Potted History

Author

O'Connor, Anne and Morris, Joanna

Abstract

AbstractIn this article Anne O'Connorand Joanna Morrisof Thomson Reuters set the Retained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act 2023 (REUL Act 2023) within its broader historical context, summarise provisions likely to be of interest to the legal information community, and explain how and why the REUL Act 2023 has given rise to legal uncertainty.

Published
2024
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46. The association between platelet transfusions and bleeding in critically ill patients with thrombocytopenia

Author

Arnold, Donald M., Lauzier, Francois, Albert, Martin, Williamson, David, Li, Na, Zarychanski, Ryan, Doig, Chip, McIntyre, Lauralyn, Freitag, Andreas, Crowther, Mark, Saunders, Lois, Clarke, France, Bellomo, Rinaldo, Qushmaq, Ismael, Lopes, Renato D., Heels‐Ansdell, Diane, Webert, Kathryn, Cook, Deborah, Hall, Rick, Rocker, Graeme, Julien, Lisa, Wright, Debbie, Roy, Caroline, Theriault, Judy, Pleasance, Susan, Meade, Maureen, Hand, Lori, Wynne, Christine, Duffett, Mark, Kho, Michelle, Zytaruk, Nicole, Granton, John, Matte, Andrea, Farias, Paulina, Chu, Leslie, Brockest, Nancy, Go, Stephanie, McGrath‐Chong, Margaret, Dennis, Madison, Lipkus, Marc, Stern, Emily, Albert, Ryan, Langevin, Stephan, Turgeon, Alexis F, Tremblay, Marie‐Claude, Blais, Martine, Beauparlant, Maxime, Asselin, Julie, Gagne, Chantal, Thibodeau, Marie, Poirier, Germain, Spearson, Sandrine, Neas, Isabelle, Pagliarello, Joe, Hébert, Paul, Watpool, Irene, McArdle, Tracy, Gaudert, Claude, Marchand, Paule, Davidson, Carson, Lewis, Mary‐Jo, Murphy, Erin, Foxall, Julia, Skrobik, Yoanna, Harvey, Johanne, Chitu, Stefania, Williams, Virginie, Sirois, Carole, Nadon, Carole, Dolle, Stephanie, Gosselin, Audrey‐Anne, Deroy, Patrice, Mehta, Geeta, Shah, Sumesh, Ethier, Cheryl, Tirgari, Sam, Steinberg, Lindsay, McDonald, Rod, Sivanantham, Vidhya, Bandayrel, Kristofer, Quittnat Pelletier, Friederike, Kramer‐Kile, Marnie, Brown, Maedean, Kim, Scott, Fowler, Rob, Marinoff, Nicole, Code, Karen, Bojilov, Boris, Parsotam, Derek, Marshall, John, Smith, Orla, Fry, Beth, Porretta, Kerri, Lee, Yoon, Morrissey, Jeanna, Wen, Victoria, Muscedere, John, Hunt, Miranda, Fleury, Susan, Godfrey, Nicole, Hammond, Sharlene, Mann, Elizabeth, Myers, Monica, Robinson, Amber, Griesdale, Donald, Chittock, Dean, Dhingra, Vinay, Foster, Denise, Gardner, Maureen, Logie, Susan, Autio, Roger, Davies, Dara, Ganz, Pia, Smith, Laurie, Dodek, Peter, Alcuaz, Victoria, Ashley, Betty Jean, Mans, Sheilagh, Ferguson, Niall, Stevenson, James, Elman, Joel, Karachi, Timothy, Millen, Tina, Tkaczyk, Andrea, Jacka, Mike, Irwin, Marleen, Chan, Carmen, Sonnema, Leeca, Marsh, Kelly, Maurer, Jennifer, Kreidl, Tamara, Varden, Candice, Kinjerski, Carey, Doig, Christopher, Ruddell, Stacy, Knox, Linda, Wilson, Crystal, Champagne, Kevin, Wood, Gordon, Auld, Fiona, Atkins, Leslie, Paunovic, Bojan, Marten, Nicole, Wiebe, Kym, McDonald, Ellen, Keenan, Sean, Reynolds, Steven, Svetik, Miroslav, Van Osch, Mary, Kutsogiannis, Jim, Thompson, Patrica, Whalen, Norine, Lellouche, Francois, Ferland, Marie‐Claude, Dussault, Patrick, Jacob, Caroline, Morneau, Marie‐Eve, Laberge, Nancy, Khwaja, Kosar, Banici, Laura, Havell, Lena, Lesur, Olivier, Lamontagne, Francois, Proulx, Sandra, Hollinger, Gerald, Shende, Vasanti, Belcastro, Vanessa, Plaxton, Bill, Foss, Anders, Eisenstat, Jonathan, Doerle, Tammy, Sharpe, Michael, Madady, Mona, Cooper, Jamie, Davies, Andrew, Vallance, Shirley, Weatherburn, Cindy, Board, Jasmin, Bennett, Victoria, Finfer, Simon, Ramakrishnan, Naresh, Bird, Simon, Potter, Julie, O’Connor, Anne, Ankers, Susan, Cade, Jack, Barge, Deborah, Caf, Tania, Howe, Belinda, Eastwood, Glenn, Peck, Leah, Goldsmith, Donna, O’Sullivan, Kim, Ernest, David, Radford, Sam, Whitfield, Ann, Cross, Anthony, Eliott, Suzanne, Sidhu, Jaspreet, Mercer, Inga, Hamilton, Angela, Botha, John, Vuat, Jodi, Allsop, Sharon, Fowler, Nina, Crozier, Tim, Barrett, Jonathan, Wright, Chris, Galt, Pauline, Culhane, Carly, Ioannidis, Rebecca, Burton, Sue, Reily, Marnie, Weeraratna, Cyveen, Seppelt, Ian, Weisbrodt, Leonie, Bond, Robyn, Hospital, Nepean, Rivett, Justine, O’Connor, Stephanie, Poole, Alex, Woolfe, Clive, Rajbhandari, Dorrilyn, Rees, Caitlin, Edington, John, Fletcher, Jason, Smith, Julie, Boschert, Catherine, Reece, Graham, Sara, Treena, Nand, Kiran, Bersten, Andrew, Gallus, Alex, Matheson, Elisha, O’Callaghan, Margie, Orford, Neil, Elderkin, Tania, Fraser, Melissa, Bone, Allison, Salerno, Tania, Kinmonth, Anne, Arora, Subhash, O’Bree, Bridget, Shepherd, Katherine, –Quinn, Alan, Sterba, Martin, Johnson, Bronwyn Ruth, Xu, Renee, Hill, Francisco, Ramadoss, Rajaram, Wood, Josette, da Rocha, Marcelo Garcia, Kramer, Andréa, Hädrich, Martha, Brandao, Nilton, Teixeira, Cassiano, Roehrig, Cíntia, Zeni, Juliana, da Silva, Suzana Alves, Filho, Rubens Costa, Correa, Renato, Moreira, Alves, Gomes, Plínio N., Biondi, Rodrigo, Berwanger, Otavio, Romano, Edson, Buehler, Anna Maria, Guimarães, Helio Penna, Truffa, Adriano, Nakamura, Rosana, Barbosa, Lillian Mazza, Brennick, Jean, Bassi, Sawsan, Alsultan, Mohammed, Arabi, Yaseen, Brits, Riette, Alhashemi, Jamal, Shalabi, Sanaa, Mandourah, Yasser, Shaikh, Nadeem, Al‐Hazmi, Manal, Ali Al‐Azem, M., Wyngaard, Trevor, Smithson, Barbara, Vlahakis, Nicholas E, Meade, Laurie, Cox, Michael, O’Brien, Jackie, Krause, Catherine, Nates, Joseph, Haque, Sajid, Mooring, Deidre, Erfe, Rose, Nickerson, Paula, Sherry, Tony, Smith, John, Sanderson, Barnaby, Ng, Josephine, Brooks, John, Lim, Ling, and Lei, Katie

Published
2017
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49. The making of the British early Palaeolithic, 1880-1960

Author

O'Connor, Anne

Subjects
930.120941
Abstract

This historical study explores the character of interpretations of the British Palaeolithic record between c. 1880 and c. 1960, focusing on attempts to classify and order the Early Palaeolithic industries. Interpretations were developed through complex interactions between individuals and groups, who were influenced by a range of aims, expectations and research opportunities. The impact of their contributions was partly dependent upon academic standing and the style of approach taken within the competitive arena of day-to-day research. General expectations of industrial patterning were founded upon the Early Palaeolithic industrial sequence from Western Europe, particularly the chronological succession from the Somme Valley, France, where the hand-axe was the most notable artefact. The assumption of progression and the use of prominent type-fossils such as the hand-axe in classifying and ordering industries coloured interpretations of the British Early Palaeolithic sequence. This is evident even in the approaches to the naturally-fractured stones known as 'eoliths’. The idea of a single, progressive line of industries also fuelled argument over the position and affinities of the flake-rich Clactonian industry in the 1910s and 1920s. In the wake of rising uncertainties, the parallel culture scheme proposed by Henri Breuil achieved great popularity in the 1930s. The value of the Palaeolithic industrial sequence as a relative Quaternary chronology encouraged a complex interdependence between interpretations of the Palaeolithic and of the Quaternary sequence which helped to promote and to reinforce the new range of expectations that had been generated by Breui’s scheme. However, by the mid.l940s, the rigid chronological order of industries proposed by Breuil had been weakened. By the late 1940s, researchers doubtful of the accuracy, scale and value of his scheme, expressed a desire to move away from the constraints of chronology and typology and towards more ecological and anthropological interpretations.

Published
2003

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