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13 results on '"O'Brien, K.K."'

2. Evidence that human Chlamydia pneumoniae was zoonotically acquired

Author

Myers, G.S.A., Mathews, S.A., Eppinger, M., Mitchell, C., O'Brien, K.K., White, O.R., Benahmed, F., Brunham, R.C., Read, T.D., Ravel, J., Bavoil, P.M., and Timms, P.

Subjects
Disease transmission -- Research, Chlamydia -- Distribution, Chlamydia -- Health aspects, Zoonoses -- Complications and side effects, Company distribution practices, Biological sciences
Abstract

Zoonotic infections are a growing threat to global health. Chlamydia pneumoniae is a major human pathogen that is widespread in human populations, causing acute respiratory disease, and has been associated with chronic disease. C. pneumoniae was first identified solely in human populations; however, its host range now includes other mammals, marsupials, amphibians, and reptiles. Australian koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) are widely infected with two species of Chlamydia, C. pecorum and C. pneumoniae. Transmission of C. pneumoniae between animals and humans has not been reported; however, two other chlamydial species, C. psittaci and C. abortus, are known zoonotic pathogens. We have sequenced the 1,241,024-bp chromosome and a 7.5-kb cryptic chlamydial plasmid of the koala strain of C. pneumoniae (LPCoLN) using the whole-genome shotgun method. Comparative genomic analysis, including pseudogene and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) distribution, and phylogenetic analysis of conserved genes and SNPs against the human isolates of C. pneumoniae show that the LPCoLN isolate is basal to human isolates. Thus, we propose based on compelling genomic and phylogenetic evidence that humans were originally infected zoonotically by an animal isolate(s) of C. pneumoniae which adapted to humans primarily through the processes of gene decay and plasmid loss, to the point where the animal reservoir is no longer required for transmission. doi: 10.1128/JB.00746-09

Published
2009

8. Scoping reviews: time for clarity in definition, methods, and reporting

Author

Colquhoun, H.L., Levac, D., O'Brien, K.K., Straus, S., Tricco, A.C., Perrier, L., and Moher, D.

Subjects
scoping study, scoping review, methodological advancement, reportingguidance
Abstract

Objectives: The scoping review has become increasingly popular as a form of knowledge synthesis. However, a lack of consensus on scoping review terminology, definition, methodology, and reporting limits the potential of this form of synthesis. In this article, we propose recommendations to further advance the field of scoping review methodology. Study Design and Setting: We summarize current understanding of scoping review publication rates, terms, definitions, and methods. We propose three recommendations for clarity in term, definition and methodology. Results: We recommend adopting the terms “scoping review” or “scoping study” and the use of a proposed definition. Until such time as further guidance is developed, we recommend the use of the methodological steps outlined in the Arksey and O'Malley framework and further enhanced by Levac et al. The development of reportingguidance for the conduct and reporting of scoping reviews is underway. Conclusion: Consistency in the proposed domains and methodologies of scoping reviews, along with the development of reporting guidance, will facilitate methodological advancement, reduce confusion, facilitate collaboration and improve knowledge translation of scoping review findings.

Published
2014

11. Exon skipping mutations in collagen VI are common and are predictive for severity and inheritance

Author

Lampe, A.K., primary, Zou, Y., additional, Sudano, D., additional, O'Brien, K.K., additional, Hicks, D., additional, Laval, S.H., additional, Charlton, R., additional, Jimenez-Mallebrera, C., additional, Zhang, R.-Z., additional, Finkel, R.S., additional, Tennekoon, G., additional, Schreiber, G., additional, van der Knaap, M.S., additional, Marks, H., additional, Straub, V., additional, Flanigan, K.M., additional, Chu, M.-L., additional, Muntoni, F., additional, Bushby, K.M.D., additional, and Bönnemann, C.G., additional

Published
2008
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