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Purpose: This study aimed to describe community-dwelling older adults’ perceptions of health and well-being in life after retirement. Methods: This study is part of a larger project using a mixed-methods design to address lifestyles’ influence on community-dwelling older adults’ health. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 older adults in age 70 to 95 years. Data were analysed according to a phenomenographic approach. Results: The results encompass four categories describing variations in community-dwelling older adults’ perceptions of health and well-being after retirement: feeling well despite illness and disease, interacting with and being useful for oneself and others, independently embracing opportunities and engaging in life, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Conclusions: The absence of illness and disease is not a clear prerequisite for a sense of health and well-being. To promote and preserve health and well-being after retirement, older adults strived for—and coached themselves to uphold—a balance in life, focusing on not burdening others. This life orientation after retirement must be acknowledged by society at large, especially from an ageist perspective, and in health and social care to preserve and promote health and well-being. CC BY 4.0© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.CONTACT Irene Eriksson irene.eriksson@his.se School of Health Sciences, Box 408, University of Skövde, SE- 541 28 Skövde, Sweden

Religious heritage is in a state of transformation. Changing religious practices and secularization affect the established Christian congregations in many countries, as membership decreases and churches close. During recent years, new approaches to use and develop churches have been explored by the heritage field and the Christian congregations. A parallel development in heritage theory and policy focuses on broad definitions of heritage and questions the position of the heritage expert. In Sweden, the ecclesiastical heritage has a prominent position through heritage legislation and the shared management model of the State and Church. Departing from two case studies of projects that explore new approaches to heritage management, the purpose of the thesis is to describe how ecclesiastical heritage is constructed and understood by public heritage institutions and the Church of Sweden. In addition, the thesis aims to describe how professional and institutional roles and responsibilities are constructed and understood within the field. The case studies cover two contemporary projects involving the built ecclesiastical heritage in Sweden: the Cathedral Hill Project in Strängnäs and the Hamra Project in the village of Hamra. The projects unite actors from the public heritage field and the Church of Sweden and aim to develop and extend the use and management of the church. Adopting a qualitative approach, the material consists of interviews with key actors, documents, and observations of the case studies. Synchronic discourse analysis is applied to identify discourses on heritage and understand the roles of the actors. The results reveal parallel discourses on heritage among the actors, which are constructed through coinciding and conflicting values on the management of the past. Conflicting values may be negotiated to reach consensus, while different interpretations of governing frameworks and objectives cause tension between actors. The institutional roles and responsibilities of the key actors provide different capacities to incorporate policy strategies in practice. Despite the difficulties of balancing the objectives of the organizational framework of public heritage management, the actors use the available resources and tools to transform the boundaries of their institutional roles from within.

Purpose This study aimed to explain and understand the existential meaning of the finality of life from the perspective of healthy older adults. Method Participants were recruited from a major project on older adults’ life situations. They were interviewed about their thoughts on the end of life, and their responses were interpreted using a lifeworld hermeneutic approach. Results The findings showed that thinking about the inevitable finality of life involves feelings of liberation, frightening thoughts, a comforting promise of something beyond death, acceptance of the concept of death as a companion in life and a desire to live. Philosopher Simone de Beauvoir’s existential ideas about ageing and death were then used to further explain and understand the meaning of the finality of life and to support a comprehensive understanding. de Beauvoir suggests that when the temporal horizon of existence shrinks, one lives closer to the finality of life. For a comprehensive understanding, attributing meaning to the finality of life required the intertwining of reconciliation and displacement. The interpretations were further discussed using ideas from the fields of existential philosophy and caring science in order to develop a basis for caring practice. Conclusions The conclusions suggested that professional health care for older adults would benefit from a lifeworld-led caring science approach that includes readiness for a caring dialogue that focuses on existential issues.

The aim of this study is to understand how healthy, older adults in Sweden perceive their life situation after retirement. The study is based on a lifeworld approach, and a phenomenographic method was used. Eighteen participants were interviewed, and data were analysed according to the phenomenographic principle of qualitatively different categories. Two categories were developed. The first category, “perceptions that draw attention inward, towards one’s self”, was further described in three subcategories: Sense of decreased status in society, the desire to keep aging at a distance, and contemplation of one’s own existence. The second category, “perceptions that draw attention outward, away from one’s self” was further described in the following four subcategories: caretaking of family members, involvement in social relationships, finding of deep meaning in animals and nature and engagement with society. In the discussion, the findings are further illuminated through comparisons with concepts such as maturity, wisdom and gerotranscendence, and reflections on the findings ‘relevance to a caring context follow. The conclusion suggests this study can provide knowledge that will allow healthcare providers to bridge the gap between generations in order to provide high-quality care. However, for a more profound caring dialogue, for example, about the end of life, a deeper analysis is required.

This thesis examines how Instagram is used by Swedish public libraries through quantitative content analysis and usage of the Four Spaces model. The aim was to uncover what the most dominant content posted by Swedish public libraries is, and if the same category gets the most likes by their followers. The suitability of the Four Spaces model for a study on Instagram is also reflected upon. Five library accounts with large numbers of followers were selected and their posts from a six month period were analyzed. The results show that the most common type of post was for "Inspiration space" that mainly contained media like fiction books. The category with the most likes was the one outside of the Four Spaces model labeld "Other", for which example contained pictures of the outdoors. The second most liked cathegory was "Inspiration space". But individual posts in ”Performative space” such as #Bookface posts were appriciated. Based on the results it is recommended to vary content with creative, visually appealing or recognizable content in the posts. Also, relate the post to currentevents in society and utilize humour and technical skills. The Four Spaces model was useful to the study due to its categorization of library work. But to strictly use the four namegiven spaces leads to no place for the library as a whole nor its staff which lead to those posts as being sorted into the category ”Other”.

Syftet med detta examensarbete är att belysa den variation i uppfattningar och upplevelser av undervisningen som finns bland yrkeslärare, vilka undervisar elever med någon form av autismspektrumtillstånd vid gymnasiets nationella yrkesprogram. Hur upplever de sitt arbete, vilka kunskaper om autism har de, och hur ser de på anställningsbarhet som ett begrepp. Denna studie har utgått från en fenomenografisk forskningsansats, där data samlats in genom kvalitativa och semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjuerna har sedan transkriberats och analyserats tematiskt. Tre huvudteman arbetades fram i analysen; Eleven, Det Dagliga Arbetet, och Elevens Yrkesframtid. Dessa teman presenteras med stöd av citat från de intervjuade yrkeslärarna. Resultatet visar att undervisningen innebär stora utmaningar för lärarna som deltagit i detta arbete, och detta ses både som positivt och negativt. En positiv aspekt av utmaningen är att den kan bidra till att utveckla lärarens undervisning som helhet. Resultatet visar också att lärarna upplever sig ha skiftande kunskaper om diagnosen autism. De önskar däremot få detaljerad information om specifika elever via överlämningar inför mottagande på programmen, för att kunna möta eleverna så bra som möjligt. Begreppet anställningsbarhet förklaras på ett flertal olika sätt av lärarna i undersökningen. Allt ifrån att examen är ett krav för anställningsbarhet till att eleven är anställningsbar om han eller hon bara vill jobba.

Title: From horse people to business leader Authors: Jennifer Norin, Maria Nyström and Therese Olsson Supervisor: Anders Wrenne Department: School of Management, Blekinge Institute of Technology Course: Bachelor’s thesis in Business Administration, 15 credits Purpose: The purpose of our work is to deepen the knowledge of horse people's potential to act as successful business executives by finding out how a person can implement their practical experiences from a horse environment in a role as business leader. Method: This thesis has a qualitative approach in which we gathered the empirical material through three extensive semi-structured interviews by phone calls with managers of different riding schools. We also formed a poll with a quantitative approach to gather more overall information from a larger number of horse owners via social media. Results: This thesis shows that there are several skills that develops in the stable environment that are useful as a business leader. Skills like problem solving, time planning and budgeting and many more are introduced and developed in the life with horses and then implemented in the workplace.