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Denna rapport är en kunskapsöversikt som beskriver internationell forskning om säkerhetskultur och säkerhetsarbete i byggindustrin. I rapporten diskuteras inledningsvis hur säkerhetskultur kan förstås i relation till organisationskultur och att mycket av de distinktioner som görs inom säkerhetskulturforskningen inom byggbranschen är avhängig synen på kulturbegreppet. I den forskning som studerats i denna litteraturöversikt är det vanligt med en mer normativ ansats, dvs., den är inte neutral utan den syftar till säkerhet. Det verkar inte vara lika vanligt med säkerhetskultur-forskning som i grunden har en tolkande ansats och som ställer sig mer neutral till huruvida kulturen i sig alltid leder till en högre grad av säkerhet. Med en sådan ansats kan dock säkerhetskulturens olika delar i högre grad analyseras utan att vara upptagen med dess koppling till en normativ syn på säkerhetskultur. Med utgångpunkt i den tidigare forskningen ger vi slutligen förslag på ett antal aktiviteter som skulle kunna införlivas i säkerhetsparken som ett sätt att stärka dess säkerhetsfrämjande arbete. This report is a literature review of international research focusing on safety culture and safety management practices in the construction industry. More specifically, we discuss how the term “safety culture” can be understood in relation to the broader term “organizational culture” and that there is an intimate connection between the two. Furthermore, we conclude that much of the research takes a normative approach when studying safety culture in the sense of assuming that culture has a certain direction, i.e. that it aims at safety. It is less common that researchers take an interpretative perspective on safety culture where culture, in itself, is viewed as a complex phenomenon that cannot necessarily be controlled or managed in a certain direction. We argue that further studies in the field should also prioritize interpretative perspectives since it would contribute to a more nuanced view on safety culture, e.g., through qualitative methodological approaches such as ethnography. Finally, based on the results of previous research, we suggest a number of activities that can be introduced to the safety training park outside of Arlanda, Stockholm, as a way of strengthening their proactive safety work.

The focus of this thesis is on the division of legal responsibilities for occupational safety management on multi-employer worksites in the mining industry. The empirical basis is a study conducted between 2013 and 2016 consisting of interviews and observations focusing on primarily managers, supervisors, coordinators and safety specialists from a Swedish mining company and a number of its contractors. Besides this, interviews were also conducted with an inspector from the Swedish Work Environment Authority (SWEA) and workshops were arranged involving industry representatives. Additionally, a document analysis was performed focusing on work organization, safety and regulatory matters. The theoretical framework focuses mainly and broadly on the consequences of inter-organizational complexity and power relations between organizations and between social actors. The results show that three key aspects characterize the division of legal responsibilities for safety management: 1) the main responsibility for managing safety is employer-specific and cannot be shared (e.g. between two separate companies) and entails specific formal tasks that must be performed, 2) everyone involved on multi-employer worksites has an extended duty to communicate and cooperate across companies in safety-related matters, and 3) the responsibility for coordinating work and broader safety measures is connected to one specific employer, usually the main client company itself by virtue of the work being conducted within its facilities. Although seemingly straight-forward in the legal demands being placed on specific actors, the matter of the division of responsibilities and what they should entail in practice had been a specific focus area for the mining company, as well as for the mining industry trade association and SWEA from an even broader perspective. The mining company had also taken a number of initiatives with the ambition to clarify these issues on their own multi-employer worksites in accordance with the legal requirements. As for the relations between the mining company and the contractors, these were characterized by an asymmetry of power with a difference between being affiliated to the company or a contractor in terms of the status and rights each affiliation entailed. This ultimately had an impact on contractor managers’ and supervisors’ ability or willingness to communicate with the client on safety-related issues. The conclusions of the thesis are divided into two main themes. The first theme, undermined conditions for employer responsibility, highlights that the main employer responsibility for managing safety may become eroded on multi-employer worksites, something that can be viewed from three distinct but interrelated perspectives: 1) the core-periphery structure characterizing multi-employer worksites, 2) how the different legal responsibilities relate to each other and the power asymmetry between organizations, and 3) the relations between the social actors involved in formal safety management in practice. The second theme, client company initiatives and blurring boundaries, underlines that the ambition of the mining company to clarify responsibilities meant that other issues related to power relations became downplayed or unaddressed. The dominant position that the company and, by extension, its managers, coordinators, etc., typically had also led to them occasionally intervening in the internal processes of the contractors, highlighting the importance of considering the consequences of blurred organizational boundaries due to longstanding outsourcing arrangements. An overall conclusion can be drawn that the dynamic, unfolding relations between the client and its contractors complicate the division of and adherence to legal responsibilities for safety management. This is a particular challenge facing policy and regulatory development going forward, not only in relation to the mining industry but on multi-employer worksites in general where workplace safety is especially important to consider.

I denna studie undersöker vi olycksfallsutvecklingen och säkerhetsrelaterade initiativ inom den svenska gruvindustrin de senaste 30 åren, samt ger förslag på fokusområden för att ytterligare öka säkerheten. Studien har fyra delar. I den första delen redogör vi för tidigare internationell forskning med fokus på säkerhet i gruvindustrin generellt och olycksfall specifikt. Vi gör även en fördjupning i frågan om mätbarhet och säkerhetsindikatorer. I den andra delen gör vi en analys av statistik som finns att tillgå via relevanta statistikleverantörer. Den tredje delen innehåller en intervjustudie med representanter från två svenska gruvföretag med fokus på vilka tekniska, organisatoriska och strukturella förändringar och initiativ som kan ha bidragit till den sjunkande olycksfallsfrekvensen de senaste 30 åren. I den fjärde delen analyseras resultaten och förslag ges på vidare fokusområden lämpade för en huvudstudie. Vi ämnar i och med detta att lägga grunden för en färdplan för gruvindustrins framtida arbete med att ytterligare förbättra olycksfallsfrekvensen inom industrin för att sedermera ta fram ett förslag för ett fullskaligt innovationsprojekt, där dessa frågor utvecklas, konkretiseras och analyseras djupare. Vi tydliggör i studien vilka direkta såväl som indirekta åtgärder som två olika företag i den svenska gruvindustrin har genomfört i syfte att sänka olycksfallsfrekvenserna, genom såväl dokumentstudier som intervjuer med representanter från dessa två företag. Dessa studier ger en inblick i hur de direkta (exempelvis säkerhetskulturprogram) som indirekta (exempelvis automatisering) initiativen kan ha bidragit till att sänka olycksfallsfrekvenserna. En ytterligare aspekt som vi täcker in är hur svensk gruvindustrin beskrivs av publikt tillgänglig statistik, hur denna statistik kan användas för att t.ex. utvärdera arbetsmiljö- och säkerhetsinitiativ i vidare studier, samt till vilken grad denna statistik kan användas som indikator för t.ex. arbetsmiljö. Detta har undersökts genom att undersöka de största relevanta statistikleverantörerna: Arbetsmiljöverket, Statistiska centralbyrån, SveMin, AFA Försäkring och Sveriges geologiska undersökning. Resultaten visar att olycksfallsfrekvensen inom den svenska gruvindustrin har sjunkit påtagligt under de senaste 30 åren och att detta vanligen tillskrivs omfattande förändringar inom teknik samt krav på systematiskt arbetsmiljöarbete och nya organisationsformer. Detta gäller för båda undersökta företag. Branschen är dock fortfarande i behov av utvärdering av den relativa effekten av dessa förändringar, samt hur de olika faktorerna har påverkat varandra. Även i forskningen finns här en tydlig kunskapslucka. In this study, we investigate the accident trend and safety initiatives within the Swedish mining industry during the past 30 years, and suggest focus areas to further increase workplace safety. The study has four parts. In the first part we investigate international research with focus on safety in the mining industry generally and accidents specifically. We also examine the question of measurability and safety indicators. In the second part, we analyse the statistics that are available through relevant statistics providers. The third part contains an interview study with representatives from two Swedish mining company that focused on the technical, organisational and structural changes and initiatives that may have contributed to the declining rate of accidents in the past 30 years. In the fourth part, we analyse the results and make suggestions for further focus-areas suitable for a main study. With this, we intend to lay the foundation for a roadmap for the mining industry’s future efforts to further improve the accident rate in the industry and to subsequently develop a proposal for a full-scale innovation project, where these issues are developed, concretised and analysed deeper. In the study, we clarify, through the use of both document and interview studies, the direct and indirect measures two different companies in the Swedish mining industry have implemented in order to reduce accident frequency. These studies provide an insight into how the direct (e.g. safety programmes) and indirect (e.g. automation) initiatives may have contributed to lower accident rates. An additional aspect that we cover is how the Swedish mining industry is described by public statistics, how these statistics can be used to e.g. evaluate the work environment and safety initiatives in further studies, as well as the degree to which these statistics can be used as an indicator for e.g. the working environment. This was investigated by examining the most relevant statistics providers: The Swedish Work Environment Authority, Statistics Sweden, SveMin, AFA Insurance, and the Geological Survey of Sweden. The results show that the accident rate within the Swedish mining industry has dropped significantly over the past 30 years and that this drop can be attributed to extensive changes in technology and requirements for systematic work environment management and new forms of organization. This applies to both investigated companies. The industry is still in need of evaluation of the relative impact of these changes as well as how the different factors have influenced each other. In the research, too, there is an obvious knowledge gap. Rekommendationer för att minska olycksfall i svensk gruvindustri

Swedish mining companies and surrounding mining communities face many challenges when it comes to social sustainable development. For example, a strong mining workplace culture and community identity can create both strong cohesion but also lead to exclusion of certain groups, rejection of new ideas and reinforce traditional, masculine values. Other challenges include recruitment, as well as health and safety in relation to an increased use of contractors and automation of mining. The social dimension is relatively underdeveloped in studies of sustainable development in general and the mining industry in particular. This report reviews research on social sustainable development and mining with a special focus on (1) diversity of lifestyles, (2) gender, and (3) work conditions. Swedish and international research is reviewed and knowledge gaps are identified. All three areas of research can be regarded as relatively mature and they give important contributions to ourunderstanding of social sustainable development in relation to the mining sector even if they not always explicitly refer to it as such. There is a lack of research that links attitudes, policies and activities within companies to their impact on the wider society, and vice versa. Future research should also include the development of methods and indicators for social sustainability relevant for mining. Godkänd; 2014; 20141114 (leab)

Godkänd; 2014; 20141027 (magnyg)

Titeln på denna studie är Internalisering av kategoriella par i form utav homosexuella asylsökande. Studiens syfte är att undersöka om och hur föreställningar utifrån ett heteronormativt synsätt, hos handläggaren på Migrationsverket, påverkar asylprövningen av homosexuella. Studien berör hur diskursen i samhället formar föreställningar av den homosexuelle mannen och hur dessa föreställningar blir gällande inom myndighetsutövningen vid Migrationsverket. Studien utgår från teorier av Michel Foucault, samt är kompletterad och avgränsad med hjälp av andra teorier, bland annat Queerteorin. Studien bygger på semistrukturerade intervjuer av sju handläggare vid Migrationsverket, verksamma vid två olika kontor i Stockholm. Undersökningen visar att föreställningar om homosexuella förekommer inom Migrationsverket och att detta kan påverka utfallet av asylprövningen. Migrationsverket arbetar själva med dessa frågor genom utbildning av sin personal, vilket tyder på en insikt kring problematiken. Denna studie är en del av min kandidatexamen på Södertörns Högskola inom Socialt arbete med storstadsprofil. The title of this study is The internalization of categorical pairs in the form of gay asylum seekers. The purpose of the study is to investigate whether and how the preconceived view of homosexuals from a hetero normative perspective, by desk officers at the Swedish Migration Board, affects the asylum trial of homosexuals. The study addresses how the discourse in society forms perceptions of the gay man, and how these perceptions become effective within the exercising of authority at the Swedish Migration Board. This study relies on several theories of Michel Foucault and it is supplemented and delimited by other theories, including Queer Theory. The study is based on interviews with seven desk officers at the Swedish Migration Board, active at two different offices in Stockholm. The investigation shows that perceptions of homosexuals occur at the Migration Board and that this may affect the outcome of the asylum trial. The Swedish Migration Board is working with these matters through education of their personnel, suggesting an awareness of the problem. This study is a part of my bachelor´s degree at Södertörn University in Social Work with urban profile.

Validerat; 20120824 (anonymous)

Validerat; 20101217 (root)

Syftet med följande studie var att undersöka hur olycksanalysmetoderna CREAM och DREAM kan anpassas till sjöfartsdomänen, samt hur begreppet den mänskliga faktorn kan beskrivas och hur kan den analyseras. Teoristudier samt intervjuer med anställda vid sjöfartsinspektionen och domänexperter har genomförts. Ett förslag på hur en anpassad analysmetod skulle kunna se ut redovisas som BREAM (Bridge Reliability and Error Analysis Method). Den anpassade metoden har utvärderats med hjälp av experter inom domänen. Utvärderingen visar på att metoden fungerar bra men att ytterligare specificering av metoden till domänen är önskvärt.