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Food as medicine (FAM) interventions have been associated with improved health outcomes. However, there is limited FAM evidence in food retail settings. The objective was to evaluate the feasibility of a registered dietitian nutritionist–led FAM program that aims to detect changes in participants' nutrition problems and related nutrition and health outcomes, as documented by the Nutrition Care Process framework. The study was a descriptive feasibility nutrition intervention cohort analysis. A convenience sample of online food shoppers were enrolled in collaboration with a food retail chain (n = 39 participants completed the intervention and were included in primary analyses). Participants received nutrition care for 6 months either in person or via telehealth. The FAM intervention included tailored nutrition care that integrated software-generated meal plans and food shopping lists to support online food shopping. Progress of nutrition problems and diet quality (assessed via the Picture your Plate survey) were measured. Measurements included changes in anthropometric and biochemical parameters, blood pressure, and quality of life (assessed via the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Health Related Quality of Life-14 survey). Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson's χ2, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to detect differences. The most prevalent nutrition problems demonstrated improvement rates as follows: excessive energy intake, 81% (n = 21 of 26); excessive carbohydrate intake, 88% (n = 7 of 8); and obesity, 100% (n = 5 of 5). Exposure to the FAM intervention improved dietary quality, quality of life, body weight, waist circumference, and systolic pressure. FAM interventions can be carried out by in-store registered dietitian nutritionists in the supermarket setting. This feasibility study highlighted the need and opportunity for larger studies in which registered dietitian nutritionist–led FAM interventions, in collaboration with food retailers, may improve people's nutrition and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the importance of dietetic care in the treatment of patients going through alcohol withdrawal. It discusses the nutritional issues that patients may face, such as nutrient deficiencies and malnutrition. The article highlights the connection between excessive alcohol consumption and poor dietary quality. It emphasizes the need for more research on the role of dietitians in improving outcomes for patients in alcohol withdrawal and suggests potential interventions and guidelines for nutrition professionals. The article also acknowledges the social and environmental factors that can impact a patient's access to nutrition-related services and emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach. Overall, dietitians play a crucial role in improving nutrition and health outcomes for patients in alcohol withdrawal, but their interventions should consider the patient's social and environmental context. Future research should focus on integrating dietitians into local drug and alcohol teams and addressing their training and educational needs. [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: Several studies have demonstrated that, following a breast cancer (BC) diagnosis, patients are eager to obtain information on cancer and nutrition, in order to ameliorate both their quality of life (QoL) and disease outcome. To avoid BC survivors to get wrong information from unreliable sources, healthcare providers need to be aware of patients’ needs, to guide them toward optimal nutrition recommendations, aimed at preventing tumor recurrence and increasing survival rates. Material and methods: The cross-sectional web-based survey “Nutrition and breast cancer, what would you like to know?” has been conceived and conducted, in Italy, between the 2nd and the 25th of June 2023. The link to the 19-items questionnaire, structured in 6 sections, was distributed via social media (Facebook and Instagram), newsletter, institutional websites, and printed flyers. Patients’ responses were collected and analyzed, reporting absolute and relative frequencies. Results: A total of 1616 participants (98.9% female and 1.1% male), with an average age of 47.5 years, answered the survey. Only subjects who declared having previously received a BC diagnosis (N=1159, 71.7%) were included in the present analysis. Overall, the respondents showed a wide interest in understanding whether nutrition might help to manage therapy side effects, as well as knowing how specific diets, foods, nutrients, and supplements could affect disease onset, progression and prognosis. Importantly, the need to receive evidence-based information from the “referring physician/specialist” and “nutritionist/dietitian” was expressed by 95.8% and 88.8% of them, respectively Discussion: In this study, we primarily aimed at intercepting nutrition information needs and sources of an Italian BC survivors’ group. Based on that, we first organized a proactive digital intervention, to respond via Instagram live broadcasts to patients’ “cancer and nutrition”-related questions. Secondly, we arranged a healthcare providers dedicated-workshop focused on the latest evidence-based knowledge on nutrition and BC. It is crucial, in fact, that once healthcare professionals capture patients’ information needs, they can respond with appropriate nutritional guidance, counseling and education programs, while counteracting misleading and incorrect messages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nutrition-related health disparities plague prisons in the United States. Unregulated and inadequate prison menus may contribute to noncommunicable chronic health conditions in this vulnerable population. The purpose of this research was to assess nutrition offerings provided by prison menus. Researchers requested the most current version of all master menus and associated nutrition analyses for gendered and age-centric (pediatric vs geriatric) menus. Menu and nutrient data were extracted and entered into a spreadsheet for analysis. Prisons serve gendered or nongendered menus to the general population, and 52.9% of prisons offer nongendered menus where males and females receive the same meals. This approach provides excess calories and saturated fat to females. Sodium was served in excess to both males and females. Fruit and vegetable servings on all gendered menus fell short of recommendations. The average prison menu inappropriately offers calories, sodium, and fruit and vegetable servings in a one-size-fits-all menu development method without considering gender, age, and physical activity. Interpretation and application of Dietary Guidelines for Americans are inconsistent. Nutrition guidelines recommending appropriate nutrients and food groups should be developed and available to corrections systems and dietitians. Current prison menu development practices yield inappropriate nutrition for prison populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) among non-obese and obese Palestinians. The study also aimed to assess the effects of LUTS on the quality of life of obese and non-obese Palestinians. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that was conducted among normal-weight, overweight, and obese Palestinians using the King Health Questionnaire. The data collected from participants were entered and analyzed using SPSS (version 22). Results: In this study, data were collected from 378 participants. The median age of the participants was 42.0 [30.0, 55.0] years, and the median body mass index was 27.1 [24.0, 30.8] kg/m2. Of the participants, 149 (39.4%) were overweight and 112 (29.6%) were obese. The prevalence of urinary hesitancy, incomplete emptying, urgency, nocturia, urgency, urge incontinence, stress incontinence, nocturnal enuresis, intercourse incontinence, bladder pain, number of urinations/24 h, and number of urinations/night was significantly higher among obese participants. Similarly, role limitations, physical/social limitation, personal relationships, emotions, and sleep/energy were affected significantly higher in obese compared to nonobese participants. Conclusion: Higher prevalence of LUTS among obese patients compared to nonobese patients was observed among the Palestinians. Obese patients reported significantly higher deterioration of the quality of life as a result of LUTS compared to nonobese patients. Urologists, nutritionists, public health specialists, and other healthcare providers should consider measures to reduce LUTS among obese patients and improve their quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This supplement compiles most of the special lectures, symposia sessions, oral communications, and poster communications abstracts of the FINUT 2024 Conference, taking place in Medellin Colombia on October 24-26, 2024, under the motto "Nutrition at the forefront of a sustainable planet" This third edition of the FINUT Conference has as a specific objective the continuity of the space for the exchange and discussion of ideas and integration of new teams in which all the stakeholders that influence the areas of food, nutrition, health, and sustainability in Ibero-America participate to face the main challenges of the region, and thus offer solutions aimed at improving the health status of the population, considering the impact of social inequalities in Ibero-America. The scientific program of the FINUT 2024 Conference includes 45 parallel symposia, 10 special lectures, 4 "with-science" meals, and the presentations of 41 oral communications and 210 poster communications. The four main thematic areas of the Conference are: •Healthy nutrition in the life cycle and clinical nutrition •Nutritional epidemiology and public health challenges in Ibero-America •Safe, healthy, sustainable, and social nutrition •Methods and tools in nutrition The Ibero-American Nutrition Foundation (FINUT) which was established in 2011. FINUT is a non-profit and financially self-supporting entity; our vision is to promote research and training, identify problems of public interest and provide scientific answers; and involve all stakeholders in our cause. Every other year the FINUT Conference allows us to meet in person with the FINUT community and continue the education, information, and research activities in food sciences, nutrition, and health that are carried out virtually daily. We are deeply grateful to the Organizing Committee, the Local Committee, and all the entities represented therein, for their commitment and effort, the Scientific Committee members for their dedicated work and participation in the scientific program, and the University of Antioquia for their interest in hosting this event in Medellin and for all the support received by its authorities, directors, and professors during the organization and execution of the event. We thank all the sponsors who have supported and participated in carrying out this science-based, international event. Our most sincere thanks to the delegates (professionals, academics, researchers, clinicians, and students) who have once again trusted FINUT and who, with their participation, have made it possible to showcase scientific development in food, nutrition, health, and sustainability of the Ibero-American region at the FINUT Conference. ¡See you at the FINUT 2026 Conference! [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare attitudes and behaviors of American adults who have experienced food shaming versus those who have not. Design: This was an online survey of 2003 US adults, followed by an additional 5 one-on-one in-depth interviews, for a total of 2008. Data were collected between September and November 2022. Participants: US adults (n = 2008) recruited via commercial research panels. Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence of food shaming, and attitudes and behaviors among adults who have experienced food shaming versus those who have not. Analysis: χ2 and analysis of covariance investigating associations between experience with food shaming and foodrelated attitudes and behaviors, controlling for body mass index where possible. Results: Nearly 3 in 10 American adults report that they have experienced food shame. Experiencing food shame correlates with higher guilt and shame, greater likelihood to engage in regimented eating, and more prevalent, as well as negative, emotions around food and imagined interactions with food and nutrition professionals. Conclusions and Implications: Food shaming is a phenomenon with wide-reaching impacts on attitudes and behaviors. We expect that this innovative study will inform registered dietitian nutritionists and other health professionals to help people develop healthy, sustainable relationships with food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical nutrition therapy is recognized as the cornerstone to optimal glycemic management of gestational diabetes (GDM) during pregnancy and registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) are central to delivery of this, yet data are lacking on their views of the barriers and enablers to performing this role. This qualitative study aimed to explore the perspectives of RDNs providing medical nutrition therapy to people with GDM across the Republic of Ireland. Focus groups and semistructured interviews were conducted with RDNs from maternity settings whose roles included providing dietetics services to people with GDM. Five focus groups and 2 semistructured interviews were conducted with 16 RDNs from 13 maternity sites, whose roles included medical nutrition therapy to people with GDM, in Ireland in February to March 2021. A topic guide addressing GDM management, postpartum care, and future type 2 diabetes prevention was followed. Data from focus groups and interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. RDNs collectively viewed their role as central to supporting people with GDM. Three themes were generated: Theme 1—a complex layered role—addressed complexities in dietetics practice. Theme 2 highlighted challenges in providing optimum care with sub themes of huge changes with COVID-19, care is not equal, and no defined postpartum pathway. Theme three reported on framing future health needs through sub themes of the 6-week check is a missed opportunity, people need to understand their risk, and more integrated care and type 2 diabetes prevention is needed. RDNs recognize the need for continuity of care in pregnancy and postpartum for people diagnosed with GDM. However, perceived disparities in allocation of dietetics services for GDM and an absence of agreed care pathways were seen as barriers to optimum care. Collaboration and communication across primary and secondary care settings are essential and require improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Background Methods Data Sources Results Conclusion To systematically evaluate and analyse literature concerning the factors influencing the implementation of clinical practice guidelines related to enteral nutrition in the adult intensive care unit.Guidelines serve as crucial tools for guiding clinical practice. However, a significant gap persists between current clinical practice and guidelines pertaining to enteral nutrition. It is essential to identify the reasons behind this disparity to foster clinical transformation.A mixed‐methods systematic review.A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane, PsycINFO and CNKI databases to identify impediments and facilitators to the implementation of ICU clinical practice guidelines related to enteral nutrition. The types of studies included quantitative, qualitative and mixed‐methods studies. The search spanned from January 2003 to January 2024 and was updated in May 2024. The quality assessment of the included literature was conducted using the Mixed‐Methods Study Evaluation Tool (MMAT). Data analysis was performed using a data‐based convergent integration approach. The protocol for this study was prospectively registered (PROSPERO2023, CRD42023483287).Twenty papers were finally included, and 65 findings were extracted, integrating a total of three categories, Category 1: healthcare provider factors, including three sub‐themes: knowledge of guideline‐related knowledge and awareness of guideline application; social/professional roles and identity domains; beliefs, attitudes and self‐efficacy; collaboration, Category 2: practice environments, including two sub‐themes: environmental factors and resource areas; systems and behavioural norms, Category 3: patient values and nutritional support preferences including two sub‐themes: patient disease status and value orientation.Healthcare professionals should analyse obstacles and facilitators to guideline implementation from multiple perspectives, strengthen healthcare collaboration, improve education and training systems, correct misperceptions and increase awareness of evidence‐based practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dietetics curricula currently fail to meet the educational needs of the future dietetic workforce to contribute expertise in sustainable, healthy food systems in the settings in which dietitians work. A 'Global Networking Event on Sustainable Food Systems in Nutrition and Dietetics Education' was held in June 2023 with the goals of building relationships among international stakeholders and informing the development of shared curricula. Methods: Plenary lectures, panels and roundtable discussions were held over 2 days, designed to provide the background required to generate informed actions. Topics included recent research from practice and education, competency standards and relevant policy documents, examples from the field, 'big questions' about scope and student perspectives. Key messages were summarised thematically to inform educators and national dietetics associations. Results: Fifty‐five delegates attended from 11 nations representing education, research, dietetic associations, industry and diverse practice backgrounds. Key priorities identified for educators included co‐development of curricular frameworks and pedagogical theory, practical training supports and solutions to limited time and expertise. Key recommendations for national dietetics associations included strategic promotion of sustainable food systems in dietetic roles and practical supports. Conclusions: Outcomes are anticipated to stimulate ongoing discussion, collaboration and actions on sustainable food systems education within the dietetics profession leading to shared curricular models and supports. Highlights: Sustainable food system (SFS) competency requirements and curricular integration are inconsistent globally and lack robust frameworks to support dietetics education.There is a need to define the scope of practice for SFS within dietitians' roles.Current opportunities in education include scaffolding existing topics and activities with signature pedagogies for sustainability, harnessing transferrable knowledge and skills to adapt to future SFS roles, and establishing interdisciplinary food systems teaching and learning activities.National dietetics associations can act to support SFS in the professional role of dietitians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This survey described the compensation of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) in the United States and examined correlates of higher salaries within this group. Methods: A cross‐sectional online survey was completed in 2021 by 143 NICU RDNs from 127 US hospitals who reported hourly wage in US dollars (USD). We used initial bivariate analyses to assess the relationship of selected institution‐level and individual‐level variables to hourly wage; the rank‐sum test for binary variables; bivariate regression and Pearson correlation coefficients for continuous variables; the Kruskal–Wallis test for categorical variables. Variables with a compelling relationship to the hourly wage outcome were considered in model creation. Final model selection was based on comparisons of model fit. Results: Median hourly compensation was USD 33.24 (interquartile range [IQR] 29.81, 38.49). Seven variables had a compelling bivariate relationship with hourly wage: cost of living, employer facility with a paediatric residency, employer facility with a neonatal fellowship, NICU bed: full‐time equivalents (FTE) RDN ratio, years in neonatal nutrition, having a certification and order writing privileges. In the final adjusted model (R2 = 0.42), three variables remained associated with increased hourly wage: higher cost of living, longer length of career in neonatal nutrition and fewer NICU beds per NICU RDN FTE. Conclusions: US NICU RDNs earn similar or slightly higher wages than other US paediatric RDNs; they earn substantially less than other NICU healthcare team members. Employers need to improve compensation for NICU RDNs to incentivise their retention and recognise their additional non‐clinical responsibilities. Key points: Median hourly compensation for US neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) was US dollars (USD) 33.24 in 2021.Higher cost of living, longer length of career in neonatal nutrition and fewer NICU beds per full‐time equivalent (FTE) RDN together only explained 42% of variation in salary.NICU RDNs are not compensated better than other RDNs despite their specialisation, and they earn less than other NICU healthcare team members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A diet low in fermentable oligo‐, di‐, monosaccharides and polyols (LFD) improves symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Previous studies have focused on patients with IBS and diarrhea (IBS‐D). It is unclear whether LFD is effective for IBS with constipation (IBS‐C) or IBS with mixed bowel habits (IBS‐M). This open‐label, real‐world study evaluates the relative effectiveness of the LFD among IBS subtypes. Methods: This study analyzes data from a service that provides low‐FODMAP meals to individuals with IBS. Participants met with a registered dietitian and completed the IBS symptom severity survey (IBS‐SSS) before and after undergoing a 2–4‐week period of FODMAP restriction. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants with ≥50‐point decrease in IBS‐SSS between the three IBS subtypes. Key Results: After FODMAP restriction, 90% of participants with IBS‐D, 75% with IBS‐C, and 84% with IBS‐M met the primary endpoint (p = 0.045). Similar improvement was seen for a 100‐point decrease, but the difference between IBS subtypes was not significant (p = 0.46). After FODMAP restriction, all groups had statistically significant improvement in total IBS‐SSS as well as individual symptom categories. Improvement in IBS‐SSS subcategories was similar among the groups except for the categories of bloating severity (IBS‐M had greatest improvement) and bowel movement satisfaction (IBS‐C had less improvement). Conclusion & Inferences: Though the proportion of responders was highest for IBS‐D and lowest for IBS‐C, the LFD led to robust improvement in overall symptoms in all IBS subtypes. Key individual symptoms also showed significant improvements in all IBS subtypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Evaluate research capacity and culture among regional hospital dietitians, develop a team specific research strategy, and build research skills of novice researchers. Methods: The Research Capacity in Context Tool was used to assess current research capacity and culture at organisational, team and individual levels. Results were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis of free text responses. A modified Delphi method gained consensus regarding research capacity building. Design: Mixed method study. Setting: Dietetics department of a regional tertiary hospital (Modified Monash Category 2). Participants: All clinical dietitians currently employed within the hospital (n = 20) regardless of employment duration. Main Outcome Measures: Self‐rated response to research capacity and culture to produce a dietetics‐specific research strategy. Results: Fifteen dietitians (75%) completed the Research Capacity in Context Tool. The overall mean score was highest at an organisational level at 7.9 (IQR 2), and lowest at team and individual levels at 4.3 (IQR 2.7) and 4.9 (IQR 3.3) respectively. Common barriers to research included time, lack of skills, knowledge and support. Using the modified Delphi method 39 statements relating to research capacity building met consensus and informed the creation of a research strategy. Conclusion: The results of the Research Capacity in Context Tool from this regional study reflect those reported in the literature at metropolitan sites. A dietetic‐specific research strategy was developed to assist with increasing research capacity at a team and individual level in a regional setting. Evaluation of long‐term outcomes post implementation will be the subject of further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nutrition health professionals play important roles in developing and implementing healthy eating strategies for socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. However, the values of nutrition health professionals that inform and underly their everyday decisions and practices are not explicit. The purpose of this study was to identify and synthesize the key values of nutrition health professionals. An explorative qualitative research design was used in which a purposive sample of nutrition health professionals (n = 29) were interviewed. The 'Values Wheel of Nutrition Health Professionals (VWNHP)' was created, consisting of 16 values organized into six groups of complementary values – self-transcendence, self-enhancement, openness to change, conservation, connection, and perseverance. The VWNHP may be utilized as a tool to support the critical reflection in health promotion training and practice needed to address nutrition inequities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital health is increasingly recognized for its value to enhance patient care and clinical care processes. People with chronic kidney disease often find dietary self‐management challenging. There is promising evidence that digital health interventions can support people with chronic kidney disease to self‐manage their diet, by providing more frequent access to nutritional information and dietitians and by facilitating regular monitoring and feedback. There is some emerging evidence of the impact of digital interventions in chronic kidney disease; however, more research is needed to provide meaningful interpretation of how digital interventions can enhance current practice. Importantly, a number of factors need to be considered when designing, developing, implementing, and evaluating the impact of digital interventions. Consideration of the nutrition service and patients' needs, motivation and digital literacy, type of digital intervention, and the ability to embed the digital intervention into current care processes are critical. This paper overviews the current literature on digital health and self‐management, factors to consider when embedding digital interventions and platforms into nutrition care and practical considerations for designing and implementing digital health interventions to enhance the nutritional care of people with chronic kidney disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of nutrition in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is well known. However, controversies, misconceptions, and gaps in the literature exist regarding the workforce required to provide nutrition care in CKD. This paper reviews the existing literature on this topic, focusing primarily on the United States. Topics covered in this review include the qualifications and services of the registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN), to which specific patients nutrition care should be provided in CKD and on dialysis, barriers to the utilization of nutrition services, the quantity of nutrition care needed to improve patient outcomes, and the risks of provider burnout. Controversies include whether more staffing is associated with better care and the best measures of staffing. The topics are supported with estimations for the economic impact and practicality of workforce decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background A1C ≥6.0% is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes in pregnant diabetic patients. A1C testing is recommended by the American Diabetes Association as a secondary measure of glycemic control in pregnant patients. Objective To determine the utility of A1C point-of-care testing (POCT) during pregnancy to facilitate rapid counseling and diabetes care, particularly in relatively low-income transient patient populations. Methods We performed a single-center, retrospective analysis of patients presenting to an outpatient obstetrics office with routine, in-laboratory A1C testing, before and after the implementation of POCT for A1C (n = 70 and n = 75, respectively). Demographics, results, physician referral to a nutritionist, counseling, and outcomes were retrieved from patient electronic medical records. Results In total, 9% and 23% of the in-laboratory and POCT groups, respectively, were referred for nutrition services (P =.02). Of these, 22% of the in-laboratory group and 42% of the POCT group received immediate counseling (P <.01). An inverse correlation was observed between A1C level at study entry and gestational weeks at delivery, with a Pearson r value of −0.39 (−0.58 to −0.16) for the in-laboratory group and −0.38 (−0.57 to −0.14) for the POCT group. No statistically significant difference in pregnancy outcomes was observed. Conclusion Implementation of A1C POCT was associated with immediate counseling and management of the health of pregnant patients, but was not associated with improved outcomes, in a low-resource patient population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tracey Dennison discusses the benefits of increased menopause care provision and the pitfalls of unregulated menopause care [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This article is based on presentations and discussions held at the International Safety and Quality of Parenteral Nutrition (PN) Summit (held November 8-10, 2021, at Charleston, SC, and Bad Homburg, Germany) and aims to raise awareness concerning unresolved issues associated with the PN process and potential future directions, including a greater emphasis on patients' perspectives and the role of patient support. Summary: Ensuring that every patient in need receives adequate PN support remains challenging. It is important to have a standardized approach to identify nutritional risk and requirements using validated nutritional screening and assessment tools. Gaps between optimal and actual clinical practices need to be identified and closed, and responsibilities in the nutrition support team clarified. Use of modern technology opens up opportunities to decrease workloads or liberate resources, allowing a more personalized care approach. Patient-centered care has gained in importance and is an emerging topic within clinical nutrition, in part because patients often have different priorities and concerns than healthcare professionals. Regular assessment of health-related quality of life, functional outcomes, and/or overall patient well-being should all be performed for PN patients. This will generate patient-centric data, which should be integrated into care plans. Finally, communication and patient education are prerequisites for patients' commitment to health and for fostering adherence to PN regimes. Conclusion: Moving closer to optimal nutritional care requires input from healthcare professionals and patients. Patient-centered care and greater emphasis on patient perspectives and priorities within clinical nutrition are essential to help further improve clinical nutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The establishment of an interdisciplinary Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) center is associated with improved healthcare utilization, according to a study published in the European Journal of Clinical Investigation. The study found that after the institution of the IBD center, hospitalizations per patient per year decreased, the number of patients on biologics increased, and there was an improvement in the total number of hospitalizations and length of hospital stay. The findings suggest that the coordinated collaboration of healthcare professionals and the implementation of specialized services can lead to better patient care and outcomes in IBD management. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Endometriosis is a chronic, inflammatory condition characterised by the presence of endometrial‐like tissue outside the uterine cavity. Given the multi‐system nature of the disease and the potential for significant negative impact on quality of life, there has been a long‐standing recognition of the need for multidisciplinary care for people with endometriosis. However, there is paucity to the data supporting this approach, and much of the evidence is anecdotal. Aim: This systematic review aims to describe recent evidence‐based models and patient‐centred perspectives of multidisciplinary care for endometriosis, to improve understanding of the role of an integrated, multidisciplinary team in effectively addressing patients' care needs. Materials and Methods: PubMed, Medline, Embase and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published between 1 January 2010 to 7 July 2022. Results: Nineteen studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and pinpointed a multidisciplinary team consisting of gynaecologists, pain specialists, nurses, physiotherapists, psychologists, sex therapists, nutritionists, complementary medicine practitioners, and social workers to be most commonly utilised in holistically managing people with pelvic pain and endometriosis. Furthermore, patient perspectives on care highlighted the need for reliable information, respect and validation of experiences or preferences, discussion of long‐term treatment plans and social and emotional supports. Conclusion: The trend for multidisciplinary team care for people with endometriosis is growing. Further consumer‐driven clinical studies and outcome evaluations need to be conducted to determine the effect of multidisciplinary care on improvements to quality of life for people living with endometriosis and or pelvic pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dietitians are central members of the multidisciplinary long‐term care (LTC) healthcare team. The overall aim of this current investigation is to gain a better understanding of dietitian involvement in LTC resident's end‐of‐life care via referrals. Methods: Retrospective chart reviews for 164 deceased residents (mean age = 88.3 ± 7.3; 61% female) in 18 LTC homes in Ontario, Canada, identified dietitian referrals and documented eating challenges recorded over 2‐week periods at four time points (i.e., 6 months, 3 months, 1 month and 2 weeks) prior to death. Nutrition care plans at the beginning of these time points were also noted. Logistic mixed effects regression models identified time‐varying predictors of dietitian referrals. Bivariate tests identified associations between nutrition orders and dietitian referrals that occurred in the last month of life. Results: Nearly three‐quarters (73%) of participants had at least one dietitian referral across the four observations. Referrals increased significantly with proximity to death; 45% of residents had a referral documented in the last 2 weeks of life. Dietitian referrals were associated with the number of eating challenges (odds ratio [OR] = 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.27, 1.58). Comfort‐focused nutrition care orders were significantly more common when a dietitian was referred (25%) compared with when a dietitian was not referred (12%) in the final month of life (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that dietitians are involved in end‐of‐life and comfort‐focused nutrition care initiatives, yet they are not engaged consistently for this purpose. This presents a significant opportunity for dietitians to upskill and champion palliative approaches to nutrition care within the multidisciplinary LTC team. Key points: Dietitian referrals increased in prevalence in the last 2 weeks of life for residents living in Ontario long‐term care homes.Residents experienced a variety of complex eating challenges that required additional support from a dietitian.Dietitian referrals were associated with the initiation of comfort‐focused nutrition care orders.With earlier engagement, dietitians would be well positioned to champion and manage a palliative approach to care among multidisciplinary long‐term care teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On behalf of the Canadian Association of Psychosocial Oncology, we are pleased to present the Abstracts from the 2024 Annual Conference, titled "Building Hope: Integrating Sustainable, Innovative and Accessible Care in Psychosocial Oncology". The Conference was held in Calgary from 6 June 2024 to 7 June 2024. This conference brought together key stakeholders including multidisciplinary professionals from nursing, psychology, psychiatry, social work, spiritual care, nutrition, medicine, rehabilitation medicine, occupational health and radiation therapy for both adult and pediatric populations. Participants included clinicians, researchers, educators in cancer care, community-based organizations and patient representatives. Patients, caregivers and family members presented abstracts that speak to their role in managing cancer experiences and care. Over one hundred (150) abstracts were selected for presentation as symposia, 20 min oral presentations, 10 min oral presentations, 90 min workshops and poster presentations. We congratulate all the presenters on their research work and contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In January 2021, we assessed the implications of temporary regulations in the United Kingdom allowing pubs and restaurants to operate on a takeaway basis without instigating a change of use. Local authorities (LAs) across the North‐East of England were unaware of any data regarding the take‐up of these regulations, partially due to ongoing capacity issues; participants also raised health concerns around takeaway use increasing significantly. One year on, we repeated the study aiming to understand the impact of these regulations on the policy and practice of key professional groups. Specifically, we wanted to understand if LAs were still struggling with staff capacity to address the regulations, whether professionals still had public health trepidations, and if any unexpected changes had occurred across the local food environment because of the pandemic. We conversed with 16 public health professionals, planners and environmental health officers across seven LAs throughout the North‐East of England via focus groups and interviews. Data collated were analysed via an inductive and semantic, reflexive‐thematic approach. Through analysis of the data, three themes were generated and are discussed throughout: popular online delivery services as a mediator to increased takeaway usage; potential long‐term health implications and challenges; continued uncertainty regarding the temporary regulations. This paper highlights important changes to local food environments, which public health professionals should be aware of, so they are better equipped to tackle health inequalities across urban and sub‐urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases and obesity is associated with excessive consumption of sugar. To address this concern the taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), known as the Health Promotion Levy (HPL), was implemented in South Africa in April 2018. A study was undertaken to investigate perspectives of dietitians and key industry role-players (KIRs) on the HPL. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. A national study was conducted in South Africa via a virtual platform. The participants were registered dietitians (n = 138) and key industry role-players (KIRs) (n = 39) who had expertise in nutrition, food science and/or sugar taxation legislation. Electronic surveys probed participants' awareness and opinions of the HPL, perceived SSB purchasing of consumers and barriers or facilitators for implementation of the HPL. Dietitians were positive regarding the HPL (75.8%; n = 94/124) but regarded the tax as too little to affect a reduction in obesity (71.8%, n = 89/124). They reported a 19.2% reduction in their perceived clients' daily purchasing of SSBs since implementation of the HPL. The KIRs regarded the HPL as insufficient to influence consumers' purchasing behaviour (64.9%, n = 24/37). Consumers' habitual purchasing was deemed a barrier (83.8%, n = 31/37) and consumer education an enabling factor (76,9%, n = 30/39) to successful implementation. Dietitians have a positive opinion on the HPL. They agree that the HPL alone will not influence the purchasing behaviour of consumers or reduce the prevalence of obesity. KIRs regard the HPL to be insufficient to affect consumers' purchasing behaviour. The HPL should form part of a multi-pronged approach to create a supportive environment to reduce sugar consumption. It is recommended that approaches should include fiscal measures, consumer education and controlled marketing of SSBs. Trained dietitians would be able to enhance the goal of the HPL to combat the obesity pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a compilation of various sources discussing national initiatives to enhance food security and safety in different countries. It includes information on global efforts by organizations such as the World Health Organization and the United Nations, as well as specific initiatives in countries like Argentina, Myanmar, the Philippines, South Africa, the Caribbean, and Uruguay. The sources cover a range of topics including food safety regulations, nutrition programs, agricultural development, and strategies to address food insecurity. The document provides valuable insights into the diverse approaches taken by different countries to ensure food security and safety for their populations. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: As the participation of dental professionals in multidisciplinary care is often limited, instructions on oral health management provided by dental professionals to other professionals are important to achieve transdisciplinary oral health management; however, the effectiveness of such instructions remains unclear. In this longitudinal study, we aimed to determine the impact of oral health management provided by dental professionals and nurses instructed on oral health management by dental professionals on the oral health of inpatients eligible for a Nurition Support Team (NST). Methods: The study participants were 117 patients (66 men and 51 women, mean age: 71.9 ± 12.5 years) who received oral health management during the NST intervention period. The participants received oral health management from nurses (Ns group) or dental professionals (D group). The nurses who conducted the oral health management received instructions from dental professionals. Oral health was assessed at the beginning and end of the NST intervention using the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT). Result: The Ns and D groups showed significant improvements in the total OHAT scores at the end of the NST intervention. Both groups showed significant improvements in the OHAT subitems of lip, tongue, gums and tissues, saliva, oral cleanliness and dental pain, while only the D group showed a significant improvement in the denture subitem. Conclusion: Effective oral health management provided by dental professionals or by nurses trained by them improved the oral health status of inpatients eligible for NST at an acute‐care hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of clients receiving home‐based dietetic intervention and to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions in improving nutritional status, functional status, and quality of life in a culturally and socioeconomically diverse client group. Methods: Participants referred to a home‐based dietetic service were recruited to this prospective cohort study. Dietetic interventions were recommended at baseline and reviewed at 3‐month follow‐up. Assessment of nutritional, functional and quality of life markers was measured using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Timed Up and Go (TUG) and EQ‐5D‐5L, respectively, at baseline and after home‐based dietetic intervention. Results: Participants (n = 99) were recruited from consecutive referrals. Participant's weight, body mass index (BMI), total daily energy and protein intake, MNA total score, and TUG significantly improved after a 3‐month nutrition intervention (effect sizes 0.257, 0.257, 0.580, 0.533, 0.577 and 0.281, respectively). The most common interventions dietitians utilised were nutrition education, use of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) and meal fortification. In total, 339 dietetic interventions were recommended to participants at baseline with 197 (58.11%) implemented at 3 months, with meal planning and referral to other relevant allied health or Commonwealth Home Support Program (CHSP) services the most implemented interventions. Conclusions: Home‐based dietetic intervention improves nutritional status, functional status and quality of life in community‐dwelling older adults referred for dietetic input. Improvements observed in nutritional and functional status were consistent with benchmarks of change from published literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dietitians of Canada, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, and the American College of Sports Medicine all agree that wise dietary decisions enhance athletic performance and recovery. In order to ascertain if Smart PLS software was employed, the research study relied on primary data analysis. Descriptive statistics, the correlation coefficient, and the smart PLS Algorithm model that connected them were among the outputs it produced. In order to promote optimal health and performance in a variety of training and competitive sports environments, these organizations provide advice for the proper quality, quantity, and timing of food, drink, and supplement intake. The target audiences for this position paper are the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), Dietitians of Canada (DC), the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, and other professional associations, governmental organizations, corporations, and the general public. The results of the entire study indicated a clear and substantial relationship between dietary practices and how well athletes recovered and performed. It provides an overview of recent advancements in sports nutrition as well as the opinions of the Academy, DC, and ACSM on matters pertaining to nutrition that have been demonstrated to impact athletic performance. For assistance with creating a personalized nutrition plan, athletes ought to contact a certified dietitian or nutritionist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature on the nutritional needs and outcomes of critically ill children is scarce, especially on those with critical neurological illnesses (CNIs). Current evidence shows a lower mortality in patients who achieve two-thirds of their nutritional needs during the first week of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. We hypothesized that achieving 60% of the recommended dietary intake during the first week of a PICU stay is not feasible in patients with CNI. We designed an observational retrospective cohort study where we included all index admissions to the PICU in our institution of children (1 month to 18 years) with CNI from January 2018 to June 2021. We collected patient demographics, anthropometric measures, and caloric and protein intake (enteral and parenteral) information during the first week of PICU admission. Goal adequacy for calories and protein was defined as [(intake/recommended) × 100] ≥ 60%. A total of 1112 patients were included in the nutrition assessment, 12% of whom were underweight (weight for age z score < −2). Of this group, 180 met the criteria for nutrition support evaluation. On the third day of admission, 50% of the patients < 2 years achieved caloric and protein goal adequacy, compared to 25% of patients > 2 years, with p-values of 0.0003 and 0.0004, respectively. Among the underweight patients, 60% achieved both caloric and protein goal adequacy by day 3 vs. 30% of non-underweight patients with p-values of 0.0006 and 0.002, respectively. The results show that achieving 60% of the recommended dietary intake by days 5 and 7 of admission was feasible in more than half of the patients in this cohort. Additionally, children who were evaluated by a clinical dietician during the first 48 h of PICU admission reached higher nutrition adequacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diet plays a pivotal role in health outcomes, influencing various metabolic pathways and accounting for over 20% of risk-attributable disability adjusted life years (DALYs). However, the limited time during primary care visits often hinders comprehensive guidance on dietary and lifestyle modifications. This paper explores the integration of electronic consultations (eConsults) in Culinary Medicine (CM) as a solution to bridge this gap. CM specialists, with expertise in the intricate connections between food, metabolism, and health outcomes, offer tailored dietary recommendations through asynchronous communication within the electronic health record (EHR) system. The use of CM eConsults enhances physician-patient communication and fosters continuous medical education for requesting clinicians. The benefits extend directly to patients, providing access to evidence-based nutritional information to address comorbidities and improve overall health through patient empowerment. We present a comprehensive guide for CM specialist physicians to incorporate CM eConsults into their practices, covering the historical context of eConsults, their adaptation for CM, billing methods, and insights from the implementation at UT Southwestern Medical Center. This initiative delivers expanded access to patient education on dietary risks and promotes interprofessional collaboration to empower improved health. Plain Language Summary: What you eat significantly impacts your health, affecting various aspects including weight, blood sugar, and inflammation. This paper highlights how health-related issues are linked to diet and presents one solution to help doctors guide patients more effectively. Often, the limited time during medical visits makes it challenging for doctors to provide detailed advice on lifestyle changes. Additional common barriers are that many doctors lack nutrition expertise, and access to nutrition experts such as registered dietitian nutritionists can be limited geographically and financially. This paper introduces the concept of electronic consultations (eConsults) in Culinary Medicine (CM) to help overcome this challenge. CM specialists are licensed healthcare professionals who understand how food influences the body and can use eConsults to offer personalized dietary recommendations. EConsults occur via a secure electronic medical record system that connects doctors and specialists, ensuring efficient communication. Patients benefit by gaining access to reliable nutritional information tailored to their specific health needs. This innovative approach also enhances communication between doctors and patients and helps doctors stay updated on the new research about how nutrition and food impact health. The paper provides a practical guide for doctors to integrate CM eConsults into their practices, making it easier to give valuable advice on dietary risks and promote healthier lifestyles. Overall, this initiative represents a significant step in improving patient nutrition education and fostering positive changes in health through the power of informed dietary choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of reviewReferral to nutrition care providers in the USA such as registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) for medical nutrition therapy (MNT) remains low. We summarize research on the effectiveness of MNT provided by dietitians versus usual care in the management of adults with dyslipidemia. Improvements in lipids/lipoproteins were examined. If reported, blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (FBG) glycated hemoglobin (A1c), body mass index (BMI), and cost outcomes were also examined.Recent findingsThe synthesis of three systematic reviews included thirty randomized controlled trials. Multiple MNT visits (3-6) provided by dietitians, compared with usual care, resulted in significant improvements in total cholesterol (mean range: - 4.64 to - 20.84 mg/dl), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mean range: - 1.55 to - 11.56 mg/dl), triglycerides (mean range: - 15.9 to - 32.55 mg/dl), SBP (mean range: - 4.7 to - 8.76 mm Hg), BMI (mean: - 0.4 kg/m2), and A1c (- 0.38%). Cost savings from MNT were attributed to a decrease in medication costs and improved quality of life years (QALY). Multiple MNT visits provided by dietitians compared with usual care improved lipids/lipoproteins, BP, A1c, weight status, and QALY with significant cost savings in adults with dyslipidemia and justify a universal nutrition policy for equitable access to MNT.

Introduction: In recent decades, electronic medical records (EMR) have been widely used in healthcare, replacing traditional paper records. EMRs are mainly found in large hospitals or specific clinical departments, but notably, the Diet Clinic of Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) still relies on paper-based records for patient data. Therefore, there is a compelling need to introduce EMR into the clinic's operation. As such, this study aims to identify the characteristics and needs of the users for the development of a comprehensive nutritional care database management system, namely DietCARE. Methods: A needs analysis was conducted through a combination of methods, including observations, clinical staff interviews, discussions with Informative Technology (IT) experts, patients' records reviews, and literature reviews. Results: Results show that a total of 186 patients visited the clinic from 2018 to 2022, with the majority of patients requiring nutrition counselling on weight management (80.6%), while the remaining patients had diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The weaknesses and limitations of paper-based records at the clinic include unorganized and incomplete data, difficulty keeping track of appointment schedules, concern for the security of the data, and duplicate files. In the development of this system, DietCARE will be designed as a web application, using a specialized approach to ensure alignment with the standards of practice for nutrition and dietetics. Conclusion: Based on this analysis, there is a clear need to develop a comprehensive nutritional care database management system, along with its constituent elements and parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common types of cancer and is associated with relatively low survival rates. Despite its considerable burden, there is limited guidance for Canadian clinicians on the management of unresectable metastatic GC and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC). Therefore, we aimed to discuss best practices and provide expert recommendations for patient management within the current Canadian unresectable GC and GEJC landscape. A multidisciplinary group of Canadian healthcare practitioners was assembled to develop expert recommendations via a working group. The often-rapid progression of unresectable GC and GEJC and the associated malnutrition have a significant impact on the patient's quality of life and ability to tolerate treatment. Hence, recommendations include early diagnosis, identification of relevant biomarkers to improve personalized treatment, and relevant support to manage comorbidities. A multidisciplinary approach including early access to registered dietitians, personal support networks, and palliative care services, is needed to optimize possible outcomes for patients. Where possible, patients with unresectable GC and GEJC would benefit from access to clinical trials and innovative treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nutritional support in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a critical component of patient care, influencing recovery outcomes significantly. The perspectives and practices of health care professionals (HCPs) regarding nutrition in the ICU environment are diverse and impact patient management. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 100 HCPs, including dieticians, physicians, and nurses, working in the ICU. The study employed a structured questionnaire to evaluate their perspectives and practices related to nutritional support in the ICU. Results: The study revealed a wide range of practices and perspectives among HCPs regarding nutritional support in ICU patients. It highlighted the importance of multidisciplinary approaches and the need for standardized guidelines to enhance patient care. Conclusion: This study underscores the variability in nutritional practices in the ICU among HCPs and suggests the need for comprehensive guidelines and education to unify care standards and improve patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of interprofessional education (IPE) into higher education curricula is a significant method for creating professionals with the skills necessary for interprofessional collaboration (IPC), including those in the health sciences, nursing, pharmacy, and nutrition. Due to the changes in health services, which are becoming more integrated, it is vital to have the capacity for interprofessional collaboration. The readiness of the pupils for IPE must be assessed before to its implementation in order to identify the subjects that should be highlighted at that time. This research is a cross-sectional study using descriptive analysis method. The distribution of respondents was as all in 4th semester students, consist of department of Pharmacy (n=92), department of Nursing (n=88), department of Public Health (n=95), department of Nutrition (n=66) and department of Physical Education (n=42) in Faculty of Health Sciences. Questionnaire data collection was carried out online. The independent variable that is measured is the student's readiness for Interprofessional Education. The results findings there is a significant difference between the readiness of students in Nurse department and students of all department. The nurse department received the highest score (score = 68.47) and the Health Education received the lowest score (score = 65.59). But all department receive score > 80% of the total score. There is still room for improvement in the areas related to the value of learning together in practical situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Betaine, an osmolyte derivative of the metabolite choline and the amino acid glycine, acts as a methyl donor in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine and is involved in the maintenance of adequate lipid metabolism. There is growing evidence for the role of betaine in the development of various lipid-related diseases, including dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to analyze associations between betaine intake and blood lipid profiles in Mexican subjects. Methods: A total of 212 adults were randomly recruited in the city of Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. Betaine intake was estimated using Nutritionist Pro software. Body composition and metabolic measurements were obtained by conventional methods. In the total sample, the average intake of betaine was 14.32 mg/d. Individuals were categorized into three groups according to tertiles of betaine consumption: tertile/group 1 (<4.16 mg/d), tertile/group 2 (4.16–12.02 mg/d), and tertile/group 3 (>12.02 mg/d). Results: Compared to group 3, subjects within group 1 had higher serum levels of total cholesterol (p = 0.001), LDL-c (p = 0.026), and non-HDL-c (p = 0.021). In addition, significant negative Pearson correlations were found between betaine intake and the serum levels of total cholesterol (r = −0.432, 95% CI, −0.684, −0.185, p = 0.001), LDL-c (r = −0.370, 95% CI, −0.606, −0.134, p = 0.002), and non-HDL-c (r = −0.351, 95%CI, −0.604, −0.098, p = 0.007). Conclusions: Our results show that a low intake of betaine is associated with elevated blood cholesterol levels in Mexican subjects. On this basis, betaine consumption could be used as an additional dietary measure for cardiovascular care. However, additional studies are required to confirm our results in other Mexican regions as well as in other populations worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the intricate relationship between strength training and its effects on body image, psychological health, and nutritional habits. By examining 605 participants, divided into two groups based on training frequency, the research aimed to discern how varying intensities of training influenced different wellness facets. The investigation employed a comprehensive survey, gathering demographic data, training specifics, dietary patterns, and psychological characteristics, utilizing statistical tools for analysis. Results unveiled significant differences in dietary habits and psychological profiles between groups with higher and lower training frequencies. The group with more frequent training displayed less favourable health outcomes and suboptimal dietary habits, challenging the prevailing notion that increased training frequency leads to better health. The study emphasized the necessity of a balanced approach to physical training, highlighting the need for personalized strategies that encompass both physical and mental health considerations. The findings exposed the complexities of training regimens and their broader implications on individual health, suggesting that enhanced training frequency alone does not assure improved health outcomes. This research significantly contributed to the domain by providing insights into how the frequency of strength training could differentially affect health and well-being, offering valuable guidelines for fitness professionals and healthcare providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During the last decade, twelve studies have been published investigating physical exercise interventions (PEIs) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) during radiotherapy (RT), chemoradiation (CRT) or bioradiation (BRT). These studies showed that these PEIs are safe and feasible. However, only two of these studies were randomised clinical trials (RCTs) with a satisfying sample size. Thereby, there is no cost-effectiveness study related to a PEI during RT, CRT or BRT ((C/B)RT) for patients with HNC. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate and compare physical performance, muscle strength, fatigue, quality of life (QoL), body mass index (BMI), nutritional status, physical activity, treatment tolerability, and health care related costs in patients with HNC with and without a 10 week PEI during (C/B)RT. Methods: This study, based on a trial within cohorts (TwiCs) design, will contain a prospective cohort of at least 112 patients. Fifty-six patients will randomly be invited for an experimental 10 week PEI. This PEI consists of both resistance and endurance exercises to optimize physical performance, muscle strength, fatigue, QoL, BMI, nutritional status, physical activity, and treatment tolerability of (C/B)RT. Measurements are at baseline, after 12 weeks, 6 months, and at 12 months. Statistical analyses will be performed for intention-to-treat and instrumental variable analysis. Discussion: This study seeks to investigate physical, QoL, and economic implications of a PEI. With a substantial sample size, this study attempts to strengthen and expand knowledge in HNC care upon PEI during (C/B)RT. In conclusion, this study is dedicated to provide additional evidence for PEI in patients with HNC during (C/B)RT. Trial registration: protocol was registered at clinicaltrials.gov with number NCT05988060 on 3 August 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the challenges of applying nutrition evidence to individualized care, summarizing a position paper from the Academy of Nutrition Sciences. It discusses strategies to address the complexity of tailoring nutrition guidance to meet individual needs, emphasizing the importance of personalized nutrition approaches in healthcare settings.

Qualitative research methods are increasingly used in nutrition and dietetics research. Ethnography is an underexploited approach which seeks to explore the diversity of people and cultures in a given setting, providing a better understanding of the influences that determine their choices and behaviours. It is argued that traditional ethnography, that is, the methodology of living within participant communities, is a dated practice, with roots in colonialism, accessible to only researchers with the means, connections and status to conduct such research, typically white, privileged males. This paper proposes a formal interpretation of 'patchwork ethnography', whereby research is carried out in situ around existing modern‐day commitments of the researcher, thus enabling more researchers within health, nutrition and dietetic practice to benefit from the rich data that can be discovered from communities. This review proposes the concept that pragmatic patchwork ethnography is required, proposing a framework for implementation, providing researchers, particularly within the fields of human nutrition, dietetics and health, the accessibility and means to deploy a meaningful client‐centric methodology. We present pragmatic patchwork ethnography as a modern method for use within multiple healthcare settings, thus adding a progressive brick in the wall of qualitative research. Key points: Ethnography in health research allows professionals to gather rich qualitative data such as lived experiences of participants.However, undertaking traditional ethnography can be demanding, costly and time‐consuming, consequently rendering it inaccessible and challenging to undertake.Pragmatic patchwork ethnography is underpinned by guiding principles of traditional ethnography, enabling researchers to weave the method into existing life and health practice commitments.This paper sets out the seven steps required to deploy pragmatic patchwork ethnography enabling and empowering public health, nutrition and dietetic researchers to undertake valuable qualitative research in a contemporary research landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The positive deviance approach has been used to identify infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices associated with a reduction in stunting, but this research is limited in South Africa (SA). Objective. To identify strategies among positive deviant (PD) caregivers of non-stunted children aged 6 - 18 months that influence infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices and raise well-nourished children in two informal settlements in Harrismith. Methods. This study employed a mixed-method design using a PD approach. Demographic questionnaires were administered to 28 purposefully sampled caregiver-child pairs to determine caregiver, child and household characteristics. Socioeconomic scores were obtained from these interviews and used to select six PD and six non-positive deviant (NPD) caregivers for semi-structured qualitative interviews between March and June 2019. Results. Nutritional PD behaviours included consuming 'flesh foods' (meat) more often and practising responsive feeding and family eating. Non-nutritional PD behaviours included coping strategies involving health-seeking behaviour, financial strategy and social capital of caregivers. All caregivers displayed poor breastfeeding practices and an early introduction of solid foods. Primary healthcare nurses were reported to frequently provide breastfeeding advice from outdated prevention of mother-to-child transmission policy. Conclusions. Poor IYCF practices highlight the need for continued advocacy and promotion of IYCF in SA. Nutritional PD behaviours are key to health promotional messages relayed within the local community where the research was conducted. The presence of nutritional and non-nutritional PD behaviours highlights the need for a multi-sectoral response to addressing stunting and improving IYCF practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Personal perspective concerning work demands directly impacts quality health care and patient satisfaction. Little is known about job satisfaction amongst dietitians and nutritionist, while workload has not previously been studied in this population. A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed using an online questionnaire. Data were collected on sociodemography. Job satisfaction was measured with Spector's Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) (including an added subscore for resource availability) and workload with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). Respondents (n = 238) had a median age of 32.0 years (IQR: 27−39 years); 92.4% were female; 95.7% were dietitians, 2.4% were nutritionists and 18.9% had a postgraduate degree. Respondents had practised the profession for a median of 8 years (IQR 3−15 years), and 225 were in dietetic and nutrition-related jobs. Median scores indicated that they were slightly satisfied with their jobs (n = 224) and experienced slightly high workload (n = 224). Most respondents were moderately satisfied with the nature of their work and found it rewarding. The median scores for salaries, promotion opportunities, work environment and availability of resources were low. Total JSS was higher in older and more experienced dietitians and nutritionists than in younger ones (p < 0.05). Those employed in the government sector (n = 100) experienced higher physical demands and levels of frustration, and had lower JJS than those employed elsewhere (n = 124), particularly regarding promotion opportunities and resources availability. Despite being generally positive towards practising their profession, South African dietitians and nutritionists, particularly in the public health sector, experienced only slight job satisfaction, related to salary and promotion issues and lack of resources, and were slightly overworked. Understanding the factors that shape perceptions of work within nutrition and dietetics may assist managers in recruiting and retaining a highly skilled workforce, particularly in developing countries with overburdened healthcare systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the increasing incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide and the importance of a holistic approach to management. Topics include the role of non-pharmacological and pharmacological strategies, the impact of multidisciplinary teams in slowing CKD progression, and the burden of CKD on healthcare systems.

Purpose: This study examined the association between oral health and nutritional status among older patients receiving home-visit dental care. Methods: This study enrolled 110 older patients (age >65 years) requiring long-term care who received home-visit dental care. The oral health indicators evaluated included number of teeth, occlusal support, number of functional teeth, tongue pressure, tongue coating index (TCI), and rinsing ability. Nutritional indicators included skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and the mini-nutritional assessment short-form (MNA-SF). A multivariate modified Poisson regression analysis (adjusted for age, sex, medical history, care level, and housing type) was used to calculate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The prevalence ratio for low SMI was not significantly higher for patients with >20 teeth than for those with 1-19 or no teeth. Number of teeth was not significantly associated with MNA-SF score. A high TCI score (2.15, 95% CI: 1.07-4.32) and poor rinsing ability (2.32, 95% CI: 1.25-4.30) were significantly associated with low SMI. High TCI scores were associated with low scores in MNA-SF categories (1.25, 95% CI: 1.01-1.55). Conclusion: TCI and rinsing ability, rather than number of teeth, were associated with nutritional status in older patients requiring long-term care [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]