1. Investigation of heavy metal contents in Cow milk samples from area of Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Author
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Nusrat Jakarin Easha, Masaaki Kurasaki, Muhammed Alamgir Zaman Chowdhury, Md. Mostafizur Rahman, M. Khabir Uddin, Zeenath Fardous, Mohammad Latiful Bari, Mashura Shammi, Khorshed Alam, and Iftakharul Muhib
- Subjects
Cow milk ,Daily intake ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Human health ,Animal science ,fluids and secretions ,Flame atomic absorption spectrometry ,Estimated daily intake (EDI) ,Control parameters ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Cadmium ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,food and beverages ,Heavy metals ,Carcinogenic risk (CR) ,Hazard quotients (HQ) ,Hazard quotient ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,Environmental science ,Food Science - Abstract
Background: Cow milk is considered as one of the responsible food sources contaminated with heavy metals. The objectives of the study were to assess the content of selected metals in cow milk and its associated human health risks in the food chain of Bangladesh. A total of 90 cow milk samples of Branded, Dairy and Domestically produced milk were collected randomly from different sources of Savar Upazila in Dhaka area. Cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) contents in collected milk samples were determined using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS). To ensure quality control, one of the best quality control parameters i.e. recovery test; from eight various sample digestion methods were used. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Carcinogenic Risk (CR) values were also calculated. Results: From the results, it was found that, the orders of heavy metal content in brand, dairy and domestic cow milk were Cr > Fe > Cu>Mn > Cd > Pb, Cr > Fe > Mn > Cu > Cd > Pb and Fe > Cr > Mn > Cu > Cd > Pb, respectively. Among the six metals, only Cr showed to exceed the highest Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) rate (for brand cow milk: 0.413 mg/day, dairy farm cow milk: 0.243 mg/day, domestic cow milk: 0. 352 mg/day),and the comparison percentages of calculated values per permeable values were as follows; 206.5 % for brand cow milk,121.5 % for dairy farm cow milk and 176.0 % for domestic cow milk. Hazard Quotients (HQ) values and Carcinogenic Risk (CR) values were found within the acceptable level. Conclusion: Although, the metal content in sampled cow milks were within the safe limit, the potential human health risks cannot be neglected for the regular/long time consumption of heavy metal contained cow milk.
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