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126 results on '"Nuruzzaman, N."'

1. Deeply virtual Compton scattering cross section at high Bjorken $x_B$

Author: Georges, F., Rashad, M. N. H., Stefanko, A., Dlamini, M., Karki, B., Ali, S. F., Lin, P-J., Ko, H-S, Israel, N., Adikaram, D., Ahmed, Z., Albataineh, H., Aljawrneh, B., Allada, K., Allison, S., Alsalmi, S., Androic, D., Aniol, K., Annand, J., Atac, H., Averett, T., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bai, X., Bane, J., Barcus, S., Bartlett, K., Bellini, V., Beminiwattha, R., Bericic, J., Biswas, D., Brash, E., Bulumulla, D., Campbell, J., Camsonne, A., Carmignotto, M., Castellano, J., Chen, C., Chen, J-P., Chetry, T., Christy, M. E., Cisbani, E., Clary, B., Cohen, E., Compton, N., Cornejo, J. C., Dusa, S. Covrig, Crowe, B., Danagoulian, S., Danley, T., De Persio, F., Deconinck, W., Defurne, M., Desnault, C., Di, D., Duer, M., Duran, B., Ent, R., Fanelli, C., Franklin, G., Fuchey, E., Gal, C., Gaskell, D., Gautam, T., Glamazdin, O., Gnanvo, K., Gray, V. M., Gu, C., Hague, T., Hamad, G., Hamilton, D., Hamilton, K., Hansen, O., Hauenstein, F., Henry, W., Higinbotham, D. W., Holmstrom, T., Horn, T., Huang, Y., Huber, G. M., Hyde, C., Ibrahim, H., Jen, C-M., Jin, K., Jones, M., Kabir, A., Keppel, C., Khachatryan, V., King, P. M., Li, S., Li, W. B., Liu, J., Liu, H., Liyanage, A., Magee, J., Malace, S., Mammei, J., Markowitz, P., McClellan, E., Mazouz, M., Meddi, F., Meekins, D., Mesik, K., Michaels, R., Mkrtchyan, A., Montgomery, R., Camacho, C. Muñoz, Myers, L. S., Nadel-Turonski, P., Nazeer, S. J., Nelyubin, V., Nguyen, D., Nuruzzaman, N., Nycz, M., Obretch, O. F., Ou, L., Palatchi, C., Pandey, B., Park, S., Park, K., Peng, C., Pomatsalyuk, R., Pooser, E., Puckett, A. J. R., Punjabi, V., Quinn, B., Rahman, S., Reimer, P. E., Roche, J., Sapkota, I., Sarty, A., Sawatzky, B., Saylor, N. H., Schmookler, B., Shabestari, M. H., Shahinyan, A., Sirca, S., Smith, G. R., Sooriyaarachchilage, S., Sparveris, N., Spies, R., Su, T., Subedi, A., Sulkosky, V., Sun, A., Thorne, L., Tian, Y., Ton, N., Tortorici, F., Trotta, R., Urciuoli, G. M., Voutier, E., Waidyawansa, B., Wang, Y., Wojtsekhowski, B., Wood, S., Yan, X., Ye, L., Ye, Z., Yero, C., Zhang, J., Zhao, Y., and Zhu, P.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report high-precision measurements of the Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) cross section at high values of the Bjorken variable $x_B$. DVCS is sensitive to the Generalized Parton Distributions of the nucleon, which provide a three-dimensional description of its internal constituents. Using the exact analytic expression of the DVCS cross section for all possible polarization states of the initial and final electron and nucleon, and final state photon, we present the first experimental extraction of all four helicity-conserving Compton Form Factors (CFFs) of the nucleon as a function of $x_B$, while systematically including helicity flip amplitudes. In particular, the high accuracy of the present data demonstrates sensitivity to some very poorly known CFFs.
Published: 2022
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2. Deeply virtual Compton scattering off the neutron

Author: Benali, M., Desnault, C., Mazouz, M., Ahmed, Z., Albataineh, H., Allada, K., Aniol, K. A., Bellini, V., Boeglin, W., Bertin, P., Brossard, M., Camsonne, A., Canan, M., Chandavar, S., Chen, C., Chen, J. -P., Defurne, M., de Jager, C. W., de Leo, R., Deur, A., Fassi, L. El, Ent, R., Flay, D., Friend, M., Fuchey, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Gaskell, D., Giusa, A., Glamazdin, O., Golge, S., Gomez, J., Hansen, O., Higinbotham, D., Holmstrom, T., Horn, T., Huang, J., Huang, M., Huber, G. M., Hyde, C. E., Iqbal, S., Itard, F., Kang, Ho., Kang, Hy., Kelleher, A., Keppel, C., Koirala, S., Korover, I., LeRose, J. J., Lindgren, R., Long, E., Magne, M., Mammei, J., Margaziotis, D. J., Markowitz, P., Jimenez-Arguello, A. Marti, Meddi, F., Meekins, D., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Muangma, N., Camacho, C. Munoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Nuruzzaman, N., Paremuzyan, R., Pomatsalyuk, R., Puckett, A., Punjabi, V., Qiang, Y., Rakhman, A., Rashad, M. N. H., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Russo, G., Sabatie, F., Saenboonruang, K., Saha, A., Sawatzky, B., Selvy, L., Shahinyan, A., Sirca, S., Solvignon, P., Sperduto, M. L., Subedi, R., Sulkosky, V., Sutera, C., Tobias, W. A., Urciuoli, G. M., Wang, D., Wojtsekhowski, B., Yao, H., Ye, Z., Zana, L., Zhan, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, B., Zhao, Z., Zheng, X., and Zhu, P.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The three-dimensional structure of nucleons (protons and neutrons) is embedded in so-called generalized parton distributions, which are accessible from deeply virtual Compton scattering. In this process, a high energy electron is scattered off a nucleon by exchanging a virtual photon. Then, a highly-energetic real photon is emitted from one of the quarks inside the nucleon, which carries information on the quark's transverse position and longitudinal momentum. By measuring the cross-section of deeply virtual Compton scattering, Compton form factors related to the generalized parton distributions can be extracted. Here, we report the observation of unpolarized deeply virtual Compton scattering off a deuterium target. From the measured photon-electroproduction cross-sections, we have extracted the cross-section of a quasi-free neutron and a coherent deuteron. Due to the approximate isospin symmetry of quantum chromodynamics, we can determine the contributions from the different quark flavours to the helicity-conserved Compton form factors by combining our measurements with previous ones probing the proton's internal structure. These results advance our understanding of the description of the nucleon structure, which is important to solve the proton spin puzzle.
Published: 2021
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3. Form Factors and Two-Photon Exchange in High-Energy Elastic Electron-Proton Scattering

Author: Christy, M. E., Gautam, T., Ou, L., Schmookler, B., Wang, Y., Adikaram, D., Ahmed, Z., Albataineh, H., Ali, S. F., Aljawrneh, B., Allada, K., Allison, S. L., Alsalmi, S., Androic, D., Aniol, K., Annand, J., Arrington, J., Atac, H., Averett, T., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bai, X., Bane, J., Barcus, S., Bartlett, K., Bellini, V., Beminiwattha, R., Bericic, J., Bhatt, H., Bhetuwal, D., Biswas, D., Brash, E., Bulumulla, D., Camacho, C. M., Campbell, J., Camsonne, A., Carmignotto, M., Castellanos, J., Chen, C., Chen, J-P., Chetry, T., Cisbani, E., Clary, B., Cohen, E., Compton, N., Cornejo, J. C., Dusa, S. Covrig, Crowe, B., Danagoulian, S., Danley, T., Deconinck, W., Defurne, M., Desnault, C., Di, D., Dlamini, M., Duer, M., Duran, B., Ent, R., Fanelli, C., Fuchey, E., Gal, C., Gaskell, D., Georges, F., Gilad, S., Glamazdin, O., Gnanvo, K., Gramolin, A. V., Gray, V. M., Gu, C., Habarakada, A., Hague, T., Hamad, G., Hamilton, D., Hamilton, K., Hansen, O., Hauenstein, F., Hernandez, A. V., Henry, W., Higinbotham, D. W., Holmstrom, T., Horn, T., Huang, Y., Huber, G. M., Hyde, C., Ibrahim, H., Israel, N., Jen, C-M., Jin, K., Jones, M., Kabir, A., Karki, B., Keppel, C., Khachatryan, V., King, P. M., Li, S., Li, W., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liyanage, A. H., Mack, D., Magee, J., Malace, S., Mammei, J., Markowitz, P., Mayilyan, S., McClellan, E., Meddi, F., Meekins, D., Mesick, K., Michaels, R., Mkrtchyan, A., Moffit, B., Montgomery, R., Myers, L. S., Nadel-Turonski, P., Nazeer, S. J., Nelyubin, V., Nguyen, D., Nuruzzaman, N., Nycz, M., Obrecht, R. F., Ohanyan, K., Palatchi, C., Pandey, B., Park, K., Park, S., Peng, C., Persio, F. D., Pomatsalyuk, R., Pooser, E., Puckett, A. J. R., Punjabi, V., Quinn, B., Rahman, S., Rashad, M. N. H., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Sapkota, I., Sarty, A., Sawatzky, B., Saylor, N. H., Shabestari, M. H., Shahinyan, A., Sirca, S., Smith, G. R., Sooriyaarachchilage, S., Sparveris, N., Spies, R., Stefanko, A., Su, T., Subedi, A., Sulkosky, V., Sun, A., Tan, Y., Thorne, L., Ton, N., Tortorici, F., Trotta, R., Uniyal, R., Urciuoli, G. M., Voutier, E., Waidyawansa, B., Wojtsekhowski, B., Wood, S., Yan, X., Ye, L., Ye, Z. H., Yero, C., Zhang, J., Zhao, Y. X., and Zhu, P.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We present new precision measurements of the elastic electron-proton scattering cross section for momentum transfer (Q$^2$) up to 15.75~\gevsq. Combined with existing data, these provide an improved extraction of the proton magnetic form factor at high Q$^2$ and double the range over which a longitudinal/transverse separation of the cross section can be performed. The difference between our results and polarization data agrees with that observed at lower Q$^2$ and attributed to hard two-photon exchange (TPE) effects, extending to 8~(GeV/c)$^2$ the range of Q$^2$ for which a discrepancy is established at $>$95\% confidence. We use the discrepancy to quantify the size of TPE contributions needed to explain the cross section at high Q$^2$., Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures
Published: 2021
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4. Deep exclusive electroproduction of $\pi^0$ at high $Q^2$ in the quark valence regime

Author: The Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration, Dlamini, M., Karki, B., Ali, S. F., Lin, P-J., Georges, F., Ko, H-S, Israel, N., Rashad, M. N. H., Stefanko, A., Adikaram, D., Ahmed, Z., Albataineh, H., Aljawrneh, B., Allada, K., Allison, S., Alsalmi, S., Androic, D., Aniol, K., Annand, J., Atac, H., Averett, T., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bai, X., Bane, J., Barcus, S., Bartlett, K., Bellini, V., Beminiwattha, R., Bericic, J., Biswas, D., Brash, E., Bulumulla, D., Campbell, J., Camsonne, A., Carmignotto, M., Castellano, J., Chen, C., Chen, J-P., Chetry, T., Christy, M. E., Cisbani, E., Clary, B., Cohen, E., Compton, N., Cornejo, J. C., Dusa, S. Covrig, Crowe, B., Danagoulian, S., Danley, T., De Persio, F., Deconinck, W., Defurne, M., Desnault, C., Di, D., Duer, M., Duran, B., Ent, R., Fanelli, C., Franklin, G., Fuchey, E., Gal, C., Gaskell, D., Gautam, T., Glamazdin, O., Gnanvo, K., Gray, V. M., Gu, C., Hague, T., Hamad, G., Hamilton, D., Hamilton, K., Hansen, O., Hauenstein, F., Henry, W., Higinbotham, D. W., Holmstrom, T., Horn, T., Huang, Y., Huber, G. M., Hyde, C., Ibrahim, H., Jen, C-M., Jin, K., Jones, M., Kabir, A., Keppel, C., Khachatryan, V., King, P. M., Li, S., Li, W., Liu, J., Liu, H., Liyanage, A., Magee, J., Malace, S., Mammei, J., Markowitz, P., McClellan, E., Meddi, F., Meekins, D., Mesik, K., Michaels, R., Mkrtchyan, A., Montgomery, R., Camacho, C. Munoz, Myers, L. S., Nadel-Turonski, P., Nazeer, S. J., Nelyubin, V., Nguyen, D., Nuruzzaman, N., Nycz, M., Obretch, O. F., Ou, L., Palatchi, C., Pandey, B., Park, S., Park, K., Peng, C., Pomatsalyuk, R., Pooser, E., Puckett, A. J. R., Punjabi, V., Quinn, B., Rahman, S., Reimer, P. E., Roche, J., Sapkota, I., Sarty, A., Sawatzky, B., Saylor, N. H., Schmookler, B., Shabestari, M. H., Shahinyan, A., Sirca, S., Smith, G. R., Sooriyaarachchilage, S., Sparveris, N., Spies, R., Su, T., Subedi, A., Sulkosky, V., Sun, A., Thorne, L., Tian, Y., Ton, N., Tortorici, F., Trotta, R., Urciuoli, G. M., Voutier, E., Waidyawansa, B., Wang, Y., Wojtsekhowski, B., Wood, S., Yan, X., Ye, L., Ye, Z., Yero, C., Zhang, J., Zhao, Y., and Zhu, P.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report measurements of the exclusive neutral pion electroproduction cross section off protons at large values of $x_B$ (0.36, 0.48 and 0.60) and $Q^2$ (3.1 to 8.4 GeV$^2$) obtained from Jefferson Lab Hall A experiment E12-06-014. The corresponding structure functions $d\sigma_L/dt+\epsilon d\sigma_T/dt$, $d\sigma_{TT}/dt$, $d\sigma_{LT}/dt$ and $d\sigma_{LT'}/dt$ are extracted as a function of the proton momentum transfer $t-t_{min}$. The results suggest the amplitude for transversely polarized virtual photons continues to dominate the cross-section throughout this kinematic range. The data are well described by calculations based on transversity Generalized Parton Distributions coupled to a helicity flip Distribution Amplitude of the pion, thus providing a unique way to probe the structure of the nucleon.
Published: 2020
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5. Probing few-body nuclear dynamics via 3H and 3He (e,e'p)pn cross-section measurements

Author: Cruz-Torres, R., Nguyen, D., Hauenstein, F., Schmidt, A., Li, S., Abrams, D., Albataineh, H., Alsalmi, S., Androic, D., Aniol, K., Armstrong, W., Arrington, J., Atac, H., Averett, T., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bai, X., Bane, J., Barcus, S., Beck, A., Bellini, V., Benmokhtar, F., Bhatt, H., Bhetuwal, D., Biswas, D., Blyth, D., Boeglin, W., Bulumulla, D., Camsonne, A., Castellanos, J., Chen, J-P., Cohen, E. O., Covrig, S., Craycraft, K., Dongwi, B., Duer, M., Duran, B., Dutta, D., Fuchey, E., Gal, C., Gautam, T. N., Gilad, S., Gnanvo, K., Gogami, T., Golak, J., Gomez, J., Gu, C., Hague, A. Habarakada T., Hansen, O., Hattawy, M., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Hughes, E., Hyde, C., Ibrahim, H., Jian, S., Joosten, S., Kamada, H., Karki, A., Karki, B., Katramatou, A. T., Keppel, C., Khachatryan, M., Khachatryan, V., Khanal, A., King, D., King, P., Korover, I., Kutz, T., Lashley-Colthirst, N., Laskaris, G., Li, W., Liu, H., Liyanage, N., Markowitz, P., McClellan, R. E., Meekins, D., Meziani, S. Mey-Tal Beck Z-E., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Nelyubin, V., Nuruzzaman, N., Nycz, M., Obrecht, R., Olson, M., Ou, L., Owen, V., Pandey, B., Pandey, V., Papadopoulou, A., Park, S., Patsyuk, M., Paul, S., Petratos, G. G., Piasetzky, E., Pomatsalyuk, R., Premathilake, S., Puckett, A. J. R., Punjabi, V., Ransome, R., Rashad, M. N. H., Reimer, P. E., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Sargsian, M., Santiesteban, N., Sawatzky, B., Segarra, E. P., Schmookler, B., Shahinyan, A., Sirca, S., Skibinski, R., Sparveris, N., Su, T., Suleiman, R., Szumila-Vance, H., Tadepalli, A. S., Tang, L., Tireman, W., Topolnicki, K., Tortorici, F., Urciuoli, G., Weinstein, L. B., Witala, H., Wojtsekhowski, B., Wood, S., Ye, Z. H., Ye, Z. Y., and Zhang, J.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: We report the first measurement of the \eep three-body breakup reaction cross sections in helium-3 ($^3$He) and tritium ($^3$H) at large momentum transfer ($\langle Q^2 \rangle \approx 1.9$ (GeV/c)$^2$) and $x_B>1$ kinematics, where the cross section should be sensitive to quasielastic (QE) scattering from single nucleons. The data cover missing momenta $40 \le p_{miss} \le 500$ MeV/c that, in the QE limit with no rescattering, equals the initial momentum of the probed nucleon. The measured cross sections are compared with state-of-the-art ab-initio calculations. Overall good agreement, within $\pm20\%$, is observed between data and calculations for the full $p_{miss}$ range for $^3$H and for $100 \le p_{miss} \le 350$ MeV/c for $^3$He. Including the effects of rescattering of the outgoing nucleon improves agreement with the data at $p_{miss} > 250$ MeV/c and suggests contributions from charge-exchange (SCX) rescattering. The isoscalar sum of $^3$He plus $^3$H, which is largely insensitive to SCX, is described by calculations to within the accuracy of the data over the entire $p_{miss}$ range. This validates current models of the ground state of the three-nucleon system up to very high initial nucleon momenta of $500$ MeV/c., Comment: Accepted for publication in PRL. 8 pages, 3 figures, and online supplementary materials
Published: 2020
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6. WTO accession and firm exports in developing economies

Author: Nuruzzaman, N., Gaur, Ajai, and Sambharya, Rakesh B.
Published: 2022
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7. Pro-market reforms and the outsourcing tradeoffs: Evidence from the transition economies

Author: Mukherjee, Debmalya, Nuruzzaman, N., Gaur, Ajai S., and Singh, Deeksha
Published: 2023
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8. Comparing proton momentum distributions in $A=2$ and 3 nuclei via $^2$H $^3$H and $^3$He $(e, e'p)$ measurements

Author: Cruz-Torres, R., Li, S., Hauenstein, F., Schmidt, A., Nguyen, D., Abrams, D., Albataineh, H., Alsalmi, S., Androic, D., Aniol, K., Armstrong, W., Arrington, J., Atac, H., Averett, T., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bai, X., Bane, J., Barcus, S., Beck, A., Bellini, V., Bhatt, H., Bhetuwal, D., Biswas, D., Blyth, D., Boeglin, W., Bulumulla, D., Camsonne, A., Castellanos, J., Chen, J. -P., Cohen, E. O., Covrig, S., Craycraft, K., Dongwi, B., Duer, M., Duran, B., Dutta, D., Fuchey, E., Gal, C., Gautam, T. N., Gilad, S., Gnanvo, K., Gogami, T., Gomez, J., Gu, C., Habarakada, A., Hague, T., Hansen, O., Hattawy, M., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Hughes, E., Hyde, C., Ibrahim, H., Jian, S., Joosten, S., Karki, A., Karki, B., Katramatou, A. T., Keppel, C., Khachatryan, M., Khachatryan, V., Khanal, A., King, D., King, P., Korover, I., Kutz, T., Lashley-Colthirst, N., Laskaris, G., Li, W., Liu, H., Liyanage, N., Lonardoni, D., Machleidt, R., Marcucci, L. E., Markowitz, P., McClellan, R. E., Meekins, D., Beck, S. Mey-Tal, Meziani, Z. -E., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Nelyubin, V., Nuruzzaman, N., Nycz, M., Obrecht, R., Olson, M., Ou, L., Owen, V., Pandey, B., Pandey, V., Papadopoulou, A., Park, S., Patsyuk, M., Paul, S., Petratos, G. G., Piasetzky, E., Pomatsalyuk, R., Premathilake, S., Puckett, A. J. R., Punjabi, V., Ransome, R., Rashad, M. N. H., Reimer, P. E., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Sammarruca, F., Santiesteban, N., Sawatzky, B., Segarra, E. P., Schmookler, B., Shahinyan, A., Širch, S., Sparveris, N., Su, T., Suleiman, R., Szumila-Vance, H., Tadepalli, A. S., Tang, L., Tireman, W., Tortorici, F., Urciuoli, G., Viviani, M., Weinstein, L. B., Wojtsekhowski, B., Wood, S., Ye, Z. H., Ye, Z. Y., and Zhang, J.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: We report the first measurement of the $(e,e'p)$ reaction cross-section ratios for Helium-3 ($^3$He), Tritium ($^3$H), and Deuterium ($d$). The measurement covered a missing momentum range of $40 \le p_{miss} \le 550$ MeV$/c$, at large momentum transfer ($\langle Q^2 \rangle \approx 1.9$ (GeV$/c$)$^2$) and $x_B>1$, which minimized contributions from non quasi-elastic (QE) reaction mechanisms. The data is compared with plane-wave impulse approximation (PWIA) calculations using realistic spectral functions and momentum distributions. The measured and PWIA-calculated cross-section ratios for $^3$He$/d$ and $^3$H$/d$ extend to just above the typical nucleon Fermi-momentum ($k_F \approx 250$ MeV$/c$) and differ from each other by $\sim 20\%$, while for $^3$He/$^3$H they agree within the measurement accuracy of about 3\%. At momenta above $k_F$, the measured $^3$He/$^3$H ratios differ from the calculation by $20\% - 50\%$. Final state interaction (FSI) calculations using the generalized Eikonal Approximation indicate that FSI should change the $^3$He/$^3$H cross-section ratio for this measurement by less than 5\%. If these calculations are correct, then the differences at large missing momenta between the $^3$He/$^3$H experimental and calculated ratios could be due to the underlying $NN$ interaction, and thus could provide new constraints on the previously loosely-constrained short-distance parts of the $NN$ interaction., Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures (4 panels)
Published: 2019
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9. Probing Few-Body Nuclear Dynamics via H3 and He3 (e,e′p)pn Cross-Section Measurements

Author: Cruz-Torres, R, Nguyen, D, Hauenstein, F, Schmidt, A, Li, S, Abrams, D, Albataineh, H, Alsalmi, S, Androic, D, Aniol, K, Armstrong, W, Arrington, J, Atac, H, Averett, T, Gayoso, C Ayerbe, Bai, X, Bane, J, Barcus, S, Beck, A, Bellini, V, Benmokhtar, F, Bhatt, H, Bhetuwal, D, Biswas, D, Blyth, D, Boeglin, W, Bulumulla, D, Camsonne, A, Castellanos, J, Chen, J-P, Cohen, EO, Covrig, S, Craycraft, K, Dongwi, B, Duer, M, Duran, B, Dutta, D, Fuchey, E, Gal, C, Gautam, TN, Gilad, S, Gnanvo, K, Gogami, T, Golak, J, Gomez, J, Gu, C, Habarakada, A, Hague, T, Hansen, O, Hattawy, M, Hen, O, Higinbotham, DW, Hughes, E, Hyde, C, Ibrahim, H, Jian, S, Joosten, S, Kamada, H, Karki, A, Karki, B, Katramatou, AT, Keppel, C, Khachatryan, M, Khachatryan, V, Khanal, A, King, D, King, P, Korover, I, Kutz, T, Lashley-Colthirst, N, Laskaris, G, Li, W, Liu, H, Liyanage, N, Markowitz, P, McClellan, RE, Meekins, D, Beck, S Mey-Tal, Meziani, Z-E, Michaels, R, Mihovilovič, M, Nelyubin, V, Nuruzzaman, N, Nycz, M, Obrecht, R, Olson, M, Ou, L, Owen, V, Pandey, B, Pandey, V, Papadopoulou, A, Park, S, Patsyuk, M, Paul, S, Petratos, GG, Piasetzky, E, Pomatsalyuk, R, Premathilake, S, Puckett, AJR, and Punjabi, V
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Jefferson Lab Hall A Tritium Collaboration, nucl-ex, nucl-th, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: We report the first measurement of the (e,e^{'}p) three-body breakup reaction cross sections in helium-3 (^{3}He) and tritium (^{3}H) at large momentum transfer [⟨Q^{2}⟩≈1.9 (GeV/c)^{2}] and x_{B}>1 kinematics, where the cross section should be sensitive to quasielastic (QE) scattering from single nucleons. The data cover missing momenta 40≤p_{miss}≤500 MeV/c that, in the QE limit with no rescattering, equals the initial momentum of the probed nucleon. The measured cross sections are compared with state-of-the-art ab initio calculations. Overall good agreement, within ±20%, is observed between data and calculations for the full p_{miss} range for ^{3}H and for 100≤p_{miss}≤350 MeV/c for ^{3}He. Including the effects of rescattering of the outgoing nucleon improves agreement with the data at p_{miss}>250 MeV/c and suggests contributions from charge-exchange (SCX) rescattering. The isoscalar sum of ^{3}He plus ^{3}H, which is largely insensitive to SCX, is described by calculations to within the accuracy of the data over the entire p_{miss} range. This validates current models of the ground state of the three-nucleon system up to very high initial nucleon momenta of 500 MeV/c.
Published: 2020

10. Probing Few-Body Nuclear Dynamics via ^{3}H and ^{3}He (e,e^{'}p)pn Cross-Section Measurements.

Author: Cruz-Torres, R, Nguyen, D, Hauenstein, F, Schmidt, A, Li, S, Abrams, D, Albataineh, H, Alsalmi, S, Androic, D, Aniol, K, Armstrong, W, Arrington, J, Atac, H, Averett, T, Ayerbe Gayoso, C, Bai, X, Bane, J, Barcus, S, Beck, A, Bellini, V, Benmokhtar, F, Bhatt, H, Bhetuwal, D, Biswas, D, Blyth, D, Boeglin, W, Bulumulla, D, Camsonne, A, Castellanos, J, Chen, J-P, Cohen, EO, Covrig, S, Craycraft, K, Dongwi, B, Duer, M, Duran, B, Dutta, D, Fuchey, E, Gal, C, Gautam, TN, Gilad, S, Gnanvo, K, Gogami, T, Golak, J, Gomez, J, Gu, C, Habarakada, A, Hague, T, Hansen, O, Hattawy, M, Hen, O, Higinbotham, DW, Hughes, E, Hyde, C, Ibrahim, H, Jian, S, Joosten, S, Kamada, H, Karki, A, Karki, B, Katramatou, AT, Keppel, C, Khachatryan, M, Khachatryan, V, Khanal, A, King, D, King, P, Korover, I, Kutz, T, Lashley-Colthirst, N, Laskaris, G, Li, W, Liu, H, Liyanage, N, Markowitz, P, McClellan, RE, Meekins, D, Mey-Tal Beck, S, Meziani, Z-E, Michaels, R, Mihovilovič, M, Nelyubin, V, Nuruzzaman, N, Nycz, M, Obrecht, R, Olson, M, Ou, L, Owen, V, Pandey, B, Pandey, V, Papadopoulou, A, Park, S, Patsyuk, M, Paul, S, Petratos, GG, Piasetzky, E, Pomatsalyuk, R, Premathilake, S, Puckett, AJR, and Punjabi, V
Subjects: Jefferson Lab Hall A Tritium Collaboration, nucl-ex, nucl-th, General Physics, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering
Abstract: We report the first measurement of the (e,e^{'}p) three-body breakup reaction cross sections in helium-3 (^{3}He) and tritium (^{3}H) at large momentum transfer [⟨Q^{2}⟩≈1.9 (GeV/c)^{2}] and x_{B}>1 kinematics, where the cross section should be sensitive to quasielastic (QE) scattering from single nucleons. The data cover missing momenta 40≤p_{miss}≤500 MeV/c that, in the QE limit with no rescattering, equals the initial momentum of the probed nucleon. The measured cross sections are compared with state-of-the-art ab initio calculations. Overall good agreement, within ±20%, is observed between data and calculations for the full p_{miss} range for ^{3}H and for 100≤p_{miss}≤350 MeV/c for ^{3}He. Including the effects of rescattering of the outgoing nucleon improves agreement with the data at p_{miss}>250 MeV/c and suggests contributions from charge-exchange (SCX) rescattering. The isoscalar sum of ^{3}He plus ^{3}H, which is largely insensitive to SCX, is described by calculations to within the accuracy of the data over the entire p_{miss} range. This validates current models of the ground state of the three-nucleon system up to very high initial nucleon momenta of 500 MeV/c.
Published: 2020

11. Comparing proton momentum distributions in A = 2 and 3 nuclei via 2H 3H and 3He (e,e′p) measurements

Author: Cruz-Torres, R, Li, S, Hauenstein, F, Schmidt, A, Nguyen, D, Abrams, D, Albataineh, H, Alsalmi, S, Androic, D, Aniol, K, Armstrong, W, Arrington, J, Atac, H, Averett, T, Ayerbe Gayoso, C, Bai, X, Bane, J, Barcus, S, Beck, A, Bellini, V, Bhatt, H, Bhetuwal, D, Biswas, D, Blyth, D, Boeglin, W, Bulumulla, D, Camsonne, A, Castellanos, J, Chen, JP, Cohen, EO, Covrig, S, Craycraft, K, Dongwi, B, Duer, M, Duran, B, Dutta, D, Fuchey, E, Gal, C, Gautam, TN, Gilad, S, Gnanvo, K, Gogami, T, Gomez, J, Gu, C, Habarakada, A, Hague, T, Hansen, O, Hattawy, M, Hen, O, Higinbotham, DW, Hughes, E, Hyde, C, Ibrahim, H, Jian, S, Joosten, S, Karki, A, Karki, B, Katramatou, AT, Keppel, C, Khachatryan, M, Khachatryan, V, Khanal, A, King, D, King, P, Korover, I, Kutz, T, Lashley-Colthirst, N, Laskaris, G, Li, W, Liu, H, Liyanage, N, Lonardoni, D, Machleidt, R, Marcucci, LE, Markowitz, P, McClellan, RE, Meekins, D, Mey-Tal Beck, S, Meziani, ZE, Michaels, R, Mihovilovič, M, Nelyubin, V, Nuruzzaman, N, Nycz, M, Obrecht, R, Olson, M, Ou, L, Owen, V, Pandey, B, Pandey, V, Papadopoulou, A, Park, S, Patsyuk, M, Paul, S, Petratos, GG, Piasetzky, E, Pomatsalyuk, R, Premathilake, S, Puckett, AJR, and Punjabi, V
Subjects: nucl-ex, nucl-th, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: We report the first measurement of the (e,e′p) reaction cross-section ratios for Helium-3 (He3), Tritium (H3), and Deuterium (d). The measurement covered a missing momentum range of 40≤pmiss≤550MeV/c, at large momentum transfer (〈Q2〉≈1.9 (GeV/c)2) and xB>1, which minimized contributions from non quasi-elastic (QE) reaction mechanisms. The data is compared with plane-wave impulse approximation (PWIA) calculations using realistic spectral functions and momentum distributions. The measured and PWIA-calculated cross-section ratios for He3/d and H3/d extend to just above the typical nucleon Fermi-momentum (kF≈250 MeV/c) and differ from each other by ∼20%, while for He3/H3 they agree within the measurement accuracy of about 3%. At momenta above kF, the measured He3/H3 ratios differ from the calculation by 20%−50%. Final state interaction (FSI) calculations using the generalized Eikonal Approximation indicate that FSI should change the He3/H3 cross-section ratio for this measurement by less than 5%. If these calculations are correct, then the differences at large missing momenta between the He3/H3 experimental and calculated ratios could be due to the underlying NN interaction, and thus could provide new constraints on the previously loosely-constrained short-distance parts of the NN interaction.
Published: 2019

12. Comparing proton momentum distributions in A = 2 and 3 nuclei via 2H 3H and 3He (e,e′p) measurements

Author: Collaboration, Jefferson Lab Hall A Tritium, Cruz-Torres, R, Li, S, Hauenstein, F, Schmidt, A, Nguyen, D, Abrams, D, Albataineh, H, Alsalmi, S, Androic, D, Aniol, K, Armstrong, W, Arrington, J, Atac, H, Averett, T, Gayoso, C Ayerbe, Bai, X, Bane, J, Barcus, S, Beck, A, Bellini, V, Bhatt, H, Bhetuwal, D, Biswas, D, Blyth, D, Boeglin, W, Bulumulla, D, Camsonne, A, Castellanos, J, Chen, J-P, Cohen, EO, Covrig, S, Craycraft, K, Dongwi, B, Duer, M, Duran, B, Dutta, D, Fuchey, E, Gal, C, Gautam, TN, Gilad, S, Gnanvo, K, Gogami, T, Gomez, J, Gu, C, Habarakada, A, Hague, T, Hansen, O, Hattawy, M, Hen, O, Higinbotham, DW, Hughes, E, Hyde, C, Ibrahim, H, Jian, S, Joosten, S, Karki, A, Karki, B, Katramatou, AT, Keppel, C, Khachatryan, M, Khachatryan, V, Khanal, A, King, D, King, P, Korover, I, Kutz, T, Lashley-Colthirst, N, Laskaris, G, Li, W, Liu, H, Liyanage, N, Lonardoni, D, Machleidt, R, Marcucci, LE, Markowitz, P, McClellan, RE, Meekins, D, Beck, S Mey-Tal, Meziani, Z-E, Michaels, R, Mihovilovič, M, Nelyubin, V, Nuruzzaman, N, Nycz, M, Obrecht, R, Olson, M, Ou, L, Owen, V, Pandey, B, Pandey, V, Papadopoulou, A, Park, S, Patsyuk, M, Paul, S, Petratos, GG, Piasetzky, E, Pomatsalyuk, R, Premathilake, S, and Puckett, AJR
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, nucl-ex, nucl-th, Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: We report the first measurement of the (e,e′p) reaction cross-section ratios for Helium-3 (He3), Tritium (H3), and Deuterium (d). The measurement covered a missing momentum range of 40≤pmiss≤550MeV/c, at large momentum transfer (〈Q2〉≈1.9 (GeV/c)2) and xB>1, which minimized contributions from non quasi-elastic (QE) reaction mechanisms. The data is compared with plane-wave impulse approximation (PWIA) calculations using realistic spectral functions and momentum distributions. The measured and PWIA-calculated cross-section ratios for He3/d and H3/d extend to just above the typical nucleon Fermi-momentum (kF≈250 MeV/c) and differ from each other by ∼20%, while for He3/H3 they agree within the measurement accuracy of about 3%. At momenta above kF, the measured He3/H3 ratios differ from the calculation by 20%−50%. Final state interaction (FSI) calculations using the generalized Eikonal Approximation indicate that FSI should change the He3/H3 cross-section ratio for this measurement by less than 5%. If these calculations are correct, then the differences at large missing momenta between the He3/H3 experimental and calculated ratios could be due to the underlying NN interaction, and thus could provide new constraints on the previously loosely-constrained short-distance parts of the NN interaction.
Published: 2019

13. A Glimpse of Gluons through Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering on the Proton

Author: Defurne, M., Jiménez-Argüello, A. Martì, Ahmed, Z., Albataineh, H., Allada, K., Aniol, K. A., Bellini, V., Benali, M., Boeglin, W., Bertin, P., Brossard, M., Camsonne, A., Canan, M., Chandavar, S., Chen, C., Chen, J. -P., de Jager, C. W., de Leo, R., Desnault, C., Deur, A., Fassi, L. El, Ent, R., Flay, D., Friend, M., Fuchey, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Gaskell, D., Giusa, A., Glamazdin, O., Golge, S., Gomez, J., Hansen, O., Higinbotham, D., Holmstrom, T., Horn, T., Huang, J., Huang, M., Hyde, C. E., Iqbal, S., Itard, F., Kang, H., Kelleher, A., Keppel, C., Koirala, S., Korover, I., LeRose, J. J., Lindgren, R., Long, E., Magne, M., Mammei, J., Margaziotis, D. J., Markowitz, P., Mazouz, M., Meddi, F., Meekins, D., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Camacho, C. Munoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Nuruzzaman, N., Paremuzyan, R., Puckett, A., Punjabi, V., Qiang, Y., Rakhman, A., Rashad, M. N. H., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Russo, G., Sabatié, F., Saenboonruang, K., Saha, A., Sawatzky, B., Selvy, L., Shahinyan, A., Sirca, S., Solvignon, P., Sperduto, M. L., Subedi, R., Sulkosky, V., Sutera, C., Tobias, W. A., Urciuoli, G. M., Wang, D., Wojtsekhowski, B., Yao, H., Ye, Z., Zhan, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, B., Zhao, Z., Zheng, X., and Zhu, P.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The proton is composed of quarks and gluons, bound by the most elusive mechanism of strong interaction called confinement. In this work, the dynamics of quarks and gluons are investigated using deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS): produced by a multi-GeV electron, a highly virtual photon scatters off the proton which subsequently radiates a high energy photon. Similarly to holography, measuring not only the magnitude but also the phase of the DVCS amplitude allows to perform 3D images of the internal structure of the proton. The phase is made accessible through the quantum-mechanical interference of DVCS with the Bethe-Heitler (BH) process, in which the final photon is emitted by the electron rather than the proton. We report herein the first full determination of the BH-DVCS interference by exploiting the distinct energy dependences of the DVCS and BH amplitudes. In the high energy regime where the scattering process is expected to occur off a single quark in the proton, these accurate measurements show an intriguing sensitivity to gluons, the carriers of the strong interaction.
Published: 2017
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14. Rosenbluth separation of the $\pi^0$ Electroproduction Cross Section off the Neutron

Author: Mazouz, M., Ahmed, Z., Albataineh, H., Allada, K., Aniol, K. A., Bellini, V., Benali, M., Boeglin, W., Bertin, P., Brossard, M., Camsonne, A., Canan, M., Chandavar, S., Chen, C., Chen, J. -P., Defurne, M., de Jager, C. W., de Leo, R., Desnault, C., Deur, A., Fassi, L. El, Ent, R., Flay, D., Friend, M., Fuchey, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Gaskell, D., Giusa, A., Glamazdin, O., Golge, S., Gomez, J., Hansen, O., Higinbotham, D., Holmstrom, T., Horn, T., Huang, J., Huang, M., Huber, G. M., Hyde, C. E., Iqbal, S., Itard, F., Kang, Ho., Kang, Hy., Kelleher, A., Keppel, C., Koirala, S., Korover, I., LeRose, J. J., Lindgren, R., Long, E., Magne, M., Mammei, J., Margaziotis, D. J., Markowitz, P., Jiménez-Argüello, A. Martí, Meddi, F., Meekins, D., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Muangma, N., Camacho, C. Muñoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Nuruzzaman, N., Paremuzyan, R., Puckett, A., Punjabi, V., Qiang, Y., Rakhman, A., Rashad, M. N. H., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Russo, G., Sabatié, F., Saenboonruang, K., Saha, A., Sawatzky, B., Selvy, L., Shahinyan, A., Sirca, S., Solvignon, P., Sperduto, M. L., Subedi, R., Sulkosky, V., Sutera, C., Tobias, W. A., Urciuoli, G. M., Wang, D., Wojtsekhowski, B., Yao, H., Ye, Z., Zana, L., Zhan, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, B., Zhao, Z., Zheng, X., and Zhu, P.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report the first longitudinal/transverse separation of the deeply virtual exclusive $\pi^0$ electroproduction cross section off the neutron and coherent deuteron. The corresponding four structure functions $d\sigma_L/dt$, $d\sigma_T/dt$, $d\sigma_{LT}/dt$ and $d\sigma_{TT}/dt$ are extracted as a function of the momentum transfer to the recoil system at $Q^2$=1.75 GeV$^2$ and $x_B$=0.36. The $ed \to ed\pi^0$ cross sections are found compatible with the small values expected from theoretical models. The $en \to en\pi^0$ cross sections show a dominance from the response to transversely polarized photons, and are in good agreement with calculations based on the transversity GPDs of the nucleon. By combining these results with previous measurements of $\pi^0$ electroproduction off the proton, we present a flavor decomposition of the $u$ and $d$ quark contributions to the cross section., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Published: 2017
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15. Rosenbluth separation of the $\pi^0$ electroproduction cross section

Author: Defurne, M., Mazouz, M., Albataineh, H., Allada, K., Aniol, K. A., Bellini, V., Benali, M., Boeglin, W., Bertin, P., Brossard, M., Camsonne, A., Canan, M., Chandavar, S., Chen, C., Chen, J. -P., de Jager, C. W., de Leo, R., Desnault, C., Deur, A., Fassi, L. El, Ent, R., Flay, D., Friend, M., Fuchey, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Gaskell, D., Giusa, A., Glamazdin, O., Golge, S., Gomez, J., Hansen, O., Higinbotham, D., Holmstrom, T., Horn, T., Huang, J., Huang, M., Hyde, C. E., Iqbal, S., Itard, F., Kang, H., Kelleher, A., Keppel, C., Koirala, S., Korover, I., LeRose, J. J., Lindgren, R., Long, E., Magne, M., Mammei, J., Margaziotis, D. J., Markowitz, P., Jimenez-Arguello, A. Marti, Meddi, F., Meekins, D., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Camacho, C. Munoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Nuruzzaman, N., Paremuzyan, R., Puckett, A., Punjabi, V., Qiang, Y., Rakhman, A., Rashad, M. N. H., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Russo, G., Sabati, F., Saenboonruang, K., Saha, A., Sawatzky, B., Selvy, L., Shahinyan, A., Sirca, S., Solvignon, P., Sperduto, M. L., Subedi, R., Sulkosky, V., Sutera, C., Tobias, W. A., Urciuoli, G. M., Wang, D., Wojtsekhowski, B., Yao, H., Ye, Z., Zafar, A., Zhan, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, B., Zhao, Z., Zheng, X., and Zhu, P.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present deeply virtual $\pi^0$ electroproduction cross-section measurements at $x_B$=0.36 and three different $Q^2$--values ranging from 1.5 to 2 GeV$^2$, obtained from experiment E07-007 that ran in the Hall A at Jefferson Lab. The Rosenbluth technique was used to separate the longitudinal and transverse responses. Results demonstrate that the cross section is dominated by its transverse component, and thus is far from the asymptotic limit predicted by perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics. An indication of a non-zero longitudinal contribution is provided by the interference term $\sigma_{LT}$ also measured. Results are compared with several models based on the leading twist approach of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs). In particular, a fair agreement is obtained with models where the scattering amplitude is described by a convolution of chiral-odd (transversity) GPDs of the nucleon with the twist-3 pion distribution amplitude. Therefore, neutral pion electroproduction may offer the exciting possibility of accessing transversity GPDs through experiment., Comment: Submitted to Physical Review Letters
Published: 2016
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16. How FDI Inflows to Emerging Markets Are Influenced by Country Regulatory Factors: An Exploratory Study

Author: Contractor, Farok J., Nuruzzaman, N., Dangol, Ramesh, and Raghunath, S.
Published: 2021
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17. MNCs' corporate social irresponsibility and foreign subsidiary performance.

Author: Nuruzzaman, N., Makarius, Erin E., Mukherjee, Debmalya, and Gaur, Ajai
Published: 2024
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18. How do country regulations and business environment impact foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows?

Author: Contractor, Farok J., Dangol, Ramesh, Nuruzzaman, N., and Raghunath, S.
Published: 2020
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19. Deeply virtual Compton scattering off the neutron

Author: Benali, M., Desnault, C., Mazouz, M., Ahmed, Z., Albataineh, H., Allada, K., Aniol, K. A., Bellini, V., Boeglin, W., Bertin, P., Brossard, M., Camsonne, A., Canan, M., Chandavar, S., Chen, C., Chen, J.-P., Defurne, M., de Jager, C. W., de Leo, R., Deur, A., El Fassi, L., Ent, R., Flay, D., Friend, M., Fuchey, E., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Gaskell, D., Giusa, A., Glamazdin, O., Golge, S., Gomez, J., Hansen, O., Higinbotham, D., Holmstrom, T., Horn, T., Huang, J., Huang, M., Huber, G. M., Hyde, C. E., Iqbal, S., Itard, F., Kang, Ho., Kang, Hy., Kelleher, A., Keppel, C., Koirala, S., Korover, I., LeRose, J. J., Lindgren, R., Long, E., Magne, M., Mammei, J., Margaziotis, D. J., Markowitz, P., Martí Jiménez-Argüello, A., Meddi, F., Meekins, D., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Muangma, N., Muñoz Camacho, C., Nadel-Turonski, P., Nuruzzaman, N., Paremuzyan, R., Pomatsalyuk, R., Puckett, A., Punjabi, V., Qiang, Y., Rakhman, A., Rashad, M. N. H., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Russo, G., Sabatié, F., Saenboonruang, K., Saha, A., Sawatzky, B., Selvy, L., Shahinyan, A., Sirca, S., Solvignon, P., Sperduto, M. L., Subedi, R., Sulkosky, V., Sutera, C., Tobias, W. A., Urciuoli, G. M., Wang, D., Wojtsekhowski, B., Yao, H., Ye, Z., Zana, L., Zhan, X., Zhang, J., Zhao, B., Zhao, Z., Zheng, X., and Zhu, P.
Published: 2020
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20. Competing to be innovative: Foreign competition and imitative innovation of emerging economy firms

Author: Nuruzzaman, N., Singh, Deeksha, and Pattnaik, Chinmay
Published: 2019
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21. Measurement of the Neutron Radius of 208Pb Through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering

Author: Abrahamyan, S., Ahmed, Z., Albataineh, H., Aniol, K., Armstrong, D. S., Armstrong, W., Averett, T., Babineau, B., Barbieri, A., Bellini, V., Beminiwattha, R., Benesch, J., Benmokhtar, F., Bielarski, T., Boeglin, W., Camsonne, A., Canan, M., Carter, P., Cates, G. D., Chen, C., Chen, J. -P., Hen, O., Cusanno, F., Dalton, M. M., De Leo, R., de Jager, K., Deconinck, W., Decowski, P., Deng, X., Deur, A., Dutta, D., Etile, A., Flay, D., Franklin, G. B., Friend, M., Frullani, S., Fuchey, E., Garibaldi, F., Gasser, E., Gilman, R., Giusa, A., Glamazdin, A., Gomez, J., Grames, J., Gu, C., Hansen, O., Hansknecht, J., Higinbotham, D. W., Holmes, R. S., Holmstrom, T., Horowitz, C. J., Hoskins, J., Huang, J., Hyde, C. E., Itard, F., Jen, C. -M., Jensen, E., Jin, G., Johnston, S., Kelleher, A., Kliakhandler, K., King, P. M., Kowalski, S., Kumar, K. S., Leacock, J., Leckey IV, J., Lee, J. H., LeRose, J. J., Lindgren, R., Liyanage, N., Lubinsky, N., Mammei, J., Mammoliti, F., Margaziotis, D. J., Markowitz, P., McCreary, A., McNulty, D., Mercado, L., Meziani, Z. -E., Michaels, R. W., Mihovilovic, M., Muangma, N., Muñoz-Camacho, C., Nanda, S., Nelyubin, V., Nuruzzaman, N., Oh, Y., Palmer, A., Parno, D., Paschke, K. D., Phillips, S. K., Poelker, B., Pomatsalyuk, R., Posik, M., Puckett, A. J. R., Quinn, B., Rakhman, A., Reimer, P. E., Riordan, S., Rogan, P., Ron, G., Russo, G., Saenboonruang, K., Saha, A., Sawatzky, B., Shahinyan, A., Silwal, R., Sirca, S., Slifer, K., Solvignon, P., Souder, P. A., Sperduto, M. L., Subedi, R., Suleiman, R., Sulkosky, V., Sutera, C. M., Tobias, W. A., Troth, W., Urciuoli, G. M., Waidyawansa, B., Wang, D., Wexler, J., Wilson, R., Wojtsekhowski, B., Yan, X., Yao, H., Ye, Y., Ye, Z., Yim, V., Zana, L., Zhan, X., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zheng, X., and Zhu, P.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report the first measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry A_PV in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from 208Pb. A_PV is sensitive to the radius of the neutron distribution (Rn). The result A_PV = 0.656 \pm 0.060 (stat) \pm 0.014 (syst) ppm corresponds to a difference between the radii of the neutron and proton distributions Rn - Rp = 0.33 +0.16 -0.18 fm and provides the first electroweak observation of the neutron skin which is expected in a heavy, neutron-rich nucleus., Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure
Published: 2012
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22. Exchange characteristics, capability upgrading and innovation performance: evidence from Latin America

Author: Nuruzzaman, N. and Singh, Deeksha
Published: 2019
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23. Form Factors and Two-Photon Exchange in High-Energy Elastic Electron-Proton Scattering

Author: Christy, M. E., primary, Gautam, T., additional, Ou, L., additional, Schmookler, B., additional, Wang, Y., additional, Adikaram, D., additional, Ahmed, Z., additional, Albataineh, H., additional, Ali, S. F., additional, Aljawrneh, B., additional, Allada, K., additional, Allison, S. L., additional, Alsalmi, S., additional, Androic, D., additional, Aniol, K., additional, Annand, J., additional, Arrington, J., additional, Atac, H., additional, Averett, T., additional, Ayerbe Gayoso, C., additional, Bai, X., additional, Bane, J., additional, Barcus, S., additional, Bartlett, K., additional, Bellini, V., additional, Beminiwattha, R., additional, Bericic, J., additional, Bhatt, H., additional, Bhetuwal, D., additional, Biswas, D., additional, Brash, E., additional, Bulumulla, D., additional, Camacho, C. M., additional, Campbell, J., additional, Camsonne, A., additional, Carmignotto, M., additional, Castellanos, J., additional, Chen, C., additional, Chen, J-P., additional, Chetry, T., additional, Cisbani, E., additional, Clary, B., additional, Cohen, E., additional, Compton, N., additional, Cornejo, J. C., additional, Covrig Dusa, S., additional, Crowe, B., additional, Danagoulian, S., additional, Danley, T., additional, Deconinck, W., additional, Defurne, M., additional, Desnault, C., additional, Di, D., additional, Dlamini, M., additional, Duer, M., additional, Duran, B., additional, Ent, R., additional, Fanelli, C., additional, Fuchey, E., additional, Gal, C., additional, Gaskell, D., additional, Georges, F., additional, Gilad, S., additional, Glamazdin, O., additional, Gnanvo, K., additional, Gramolin, A. V., additional, Gray, V. M., additional, Gu, C., additional, Habarakada, A., additional, Hague, T., additional, Hamad, G., additional, Hamilton, D., additional, Hamilton, K., additional, Hansen, O., additional, Hauenstein, F., additional, Hernandez, A. V., additional, Henry, W., additional, Higinbotham, D. W., additional, Holmstrom, T., additional, Horn, T., additional, Huang, Y., additional, Huber, G. M., additional, Hyde, C., additional, Ibrahim, H., additional, Israel, N., additional, Jen, C-M., additional, Jin, K., additional, Jones, M., additional, Kabir, A., additional, Karki, B., additional, Keppel, C., additional, Khachatryan, V., additional, King, P. M., additional, Li, S., additional, Li, W., additional, Liu, H., additional, Liu, J., additional, Liyanage, A. H., additional, Mack, D., additional, Magee, J., additional, Malace, S., additional, Mammei, J., additional, Markowitz, P., additional, Mayilyan, S., additional, McClellan, E., additional, Meddi, F., additional, Meekins, D., additional, Mesick, K., additional, Michaels, R., additional, Mkrtchyan, A., additional, Moffit, B., additional, Montgomery, R., additional, Myers, L. S., additional, Nadel-Turonski, P., additional, Nazeer, S. J., additional, Nelyubin, V., additional, Nguyen, D., additional, Nuruzzaman, N., additional, Nycz, M., additional, Obrecht, R. F., additional, Ohanyan, K., additional, Palatchi, C., additional, Pandey, B., additional, Park, K., additional, Park, S., additional, Peng, C., additional, Persio, F. D., additional, Pomatsalyuk, R., additional, Pooser, E., additional, Puckett, A. J. R., additional, Punjabi, V., additional, Quinn, B., additional, Rahman, S., additional, Rashad, M. N. H., additional, Reimer, P. E., additional, Riordan, S., additional, Roche, J., additional, Sapkota, I., additional, Sarty, A., additional, Sawatzky, B., additional, Saylor, N. H., additional, Shabestari, M. H., additional, Shahinyan, A., additional, Širca, S., additional, Smith, G. R., additional, Sooriyaarachchilage, S., additional, Sparveris, N., additional, Spies, R., additional, Stefanko, A., additional, Su, T., additional, Subedi, A., additional, Sulkosky, V., additional, Sun, A., additional, Tan, Y., additional, Thorne, L., additional, Ton, N., additional, Tortorici, F., additional, Trotta, R., additional, Uniyal, R., additional, Urciuoli, G. M., additional, Voutier, E., additional, Waidyawansa, B., additional, Wojtsekhowski, B., additional, Wood, S., additional, Yan, X., additional, Ye, L., additional, Ye, Z. H., additional, Yero, C., additional, Zhang, J., additional, Zhao, Y. X., additional, and Zhu, P., additional
Published: 2022
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24. Deeply virtual Compton scattering cross section at high Bjorken x_{B}

Author: Georges, F, Rashad, M. N. H., Stefanko, A, Dlamini, M, Karki, B, Ali, S. F., Lin, P-J, Ko, H-S, Israel, N, Adikaram, D, Ahmed, Z, Albataineh, H, Aljawrneh, B, Allada, K, Allison, S, Alsalmi, S, Androic, D, Aniol, K, Annand, John, Atac, H, Averett, T, Ayerbe Gayoso, C, Bai, X, Bane, J, Barcus, S, Bartlett, K, Bellini, V, Beminiwattha, R, Bericic, J, Biswas, D, Brash, E, Bulumulla, D, Campbell, J, Camsonne, A, Carmignotto, M, Castellano, J, Chen, C, Chen, J-P, Chetry, T, Christy, M. E., Cisbani, E, Clary, B, Cohen, E, Compton, N, Cornejo, J. C., Covrig Dusa, S, Crowe, B, Danagoulian, S, Danley, T, De Persio, F, Deconinck, W, Defurne, M, Desnault, C, Di, D, Duer, M, Duran, B, Ent, R, Fanelli, C, Franklin, G, Fuchey, E, Gal, C, Gaskell, D, Gautam, T, Glamazdin, O, Gnanvo, K, Gray, V. M., Gu, C, Hague, T, Hamad, G, Hamilton, David, Hamilton, K., Hansen, O, Hauenstein, F, Henry, W, Higinbotham, D. W., Holmstrom, T, Horn, T, Huang, Y, Huber, G. M., Hyde, C. E., Ibrahim, H, Jen, C-M, Jin, K, Jones, M, Kabir, A, Keppel, C, Khachatryan, V, King, P. M., Li, S, Li, W. B., Liu, J, Liu, H, Liyanage, A, Magee, J, Malace, S, Mammei, J, Markowitz, P, McClellan, E, Mazouz, M, Meddi, F, Meekins, D, Mesik, K, Michaels, R, Mkrtchyan, A, Montgomery, Rachel, Muñoz Camacho, C, Myers, L. S., Nadel-Turonski, P, Nazeer, S. J., Nelyubin, V, Nguyen, D, Nuruzzaman, N, Nycz, M, Obretch, O. F., Ou, L, Palatchi, C, Pandey, B, Park, S, Park, K, Peng, C, Pomatsalyuk, R, Pooser, E, Puckett, A. J. R., Punjabi, V, Quinn, B, Rahman, S, Reimer, P. E., Roche, J, Sapkota, I, Sarty, A, Sawatzky, B, Saylor, N. H., Schmookler, B, Shabestari, M. H., Shahinyan, A, Sirca, S, Smith, G. R., Sooriyaarachchilage, S, Sparveris, N, Spies, R, Su, T, Subedi, A, Sulkosky, V, Sun, A, Thorne, L, Tian, Y, Ton, N, Tortorici, F, Trotta, R, Urciuoli, G. M., Voutier, E, Waidyawansa, B, Wang, Y, Wojtsekhowski, B, Wood, S, Yan, X, Ye, L, Ye, Z, Yero, C, Zhang, J, Zhao, Y, Zhu, P, and Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration
Abstract: We report high-precision measurements of the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) cross section at high values of the Bjorken variable x_{B}. DVCS is sensitive to the generalized parton distributions of the nucleon, which provide a three-dimensional description of its internal constituents. Using the exact analytic expression of the DVCS cross section for all possible polarization states of the initial and final electron and nucleon, and final state photon, we present the first experimental extraction of all four helicity-conserving Compton form factors (CFFs) of the nucleon as a function of x_{B}, while systematically including helicity flip amplitudes. In particular, the high accuracy of the present data demonstrates sensitivity to some very poorly known CFFs.
Published: 2022

25. The ${Q^{p}_{\rm Weak}}$ experiment: A search for physics beyond the standard model via a measurement of the proton’s weak charge

Author: Androic, D., Armstrong, D. S., Asaturyan, A., Averett, T., Balewski, J., Beaufait, J., Beminiwattha, R. S., Benesch, J., Benmokhtar, F., Birchall, J., Carlini, R. D., Cornejo, J. C., Covrig, S., Dalton, M. M., Davis, C. A., Deconinck, W., Diefenbach, J., Dow, K., Dowd, J. F., Dunne, J. A., Dutta, D., Duvall, W. S., Elaasar, M., Falk, W. R., Finn, J. M., Forest, T., Gaskell, D., Gericke, M. T. W., Grames, J., Gray, V. M., Grimm, K., Guo, F., Hoskins, J. R., Johnston, K., Jones, D., Jones, M., Jones, R., Kargiantoulakis, M., King, P. M., Korkmaz, E., Kowalski, S., Leacock, J., Leckey, J., Lee, A. R., Lee, J. H., Lee, L., MacEwan, S., Mack, D., Magee, J. A., Mahurin, R., Mammei, J., Martin, J., McHugh, M., Meekins, D., Mei, J., Michaels, R., Micherdzinska, A., Myers, K. E., Mkrtchyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Narayan, A., Ndukum, L. Z., Nelyubin, V., Nuruzzaman, N., van Oers, W. T. H, Opper, A. K., Page, S. A., Pan, J., Paschke, K., Phillips, S. K., Pitt, M. L., Poelker, M., Rajotte, J. F., Ramsay, W. D., Roche, J., Sawatzky, B., Seva, T., Shabestari, M. H., Silwal, R., Simicevic, N., Smith, G., Solvignon, P., Spayde, D. T., Subedi, A., Subedi, R., Suleiman, R., Tadevosyan, V., Tobias, W. A., Tvaskis, V., Waidyawansa, B., Wang, P., Wells, S. P., Wood, S. A., Yang, S., Young, R. D., Zhamkochyan, S., and Zou, D.
Published: 2013
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26. WTO accession and firm exports in developing economies

Author: Nuruzzaman, N., primary, Gaur, Ajai, additional, and Sambharya, Rakesh B., additional
Published: 2021
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27. The ${Q^{p}_{\rm Weak}}$ experiment

Author: Androic, D., primary, Armstrong, D. S., additional, Asaturyan, A., additional, Averett, T., additional, Balewski, J., additional, Beaufait, J., additional, Beminiwattha, R. S., additional, Benesch, J., additional, Benmokhtar, F., additional, Birchall, J., additional, Carlini, R. D., additional, Cornejo, J. C., additional, Covrig, S., additional, Dalton, M. M., additional, Davis, C. A., additional, Deconinck, W., additional, Diefenbach, J., additional, Dow, K., additional, Dowd, J. F., additional, Dunne, J. A., additional, Dutta, D., additional, Duvall, W. S., additional, Elaasar, M., additional, Falk, W. R., additional, Finn, J. M., additional, Forest, T., additional, Gaskell, D., additional, Gericke, M. T. W., additional, Grames, J., additional, Gray, V. M., additional, Grimm, K., additional, Guo, F., additional, Hoskins, J. R., additional, Johnston, K., additional, Jones, D., additional, Jones, M., additional, Jones, R., additional, Kargiantoulakis, M., additional, King, P. M., additional, Korkmaz, E., additional, Kowalski, S., additional, Leacock, J., additional, Leckey, J., additional, Lee, A. R., additional, Lee, J. H., additional, Lee, L., additional, MacEwan, S., additional, Mack, D., additional, Magee, J. A., additional, Mahurin, R., additional, Mammei, J., additional, Martin, J., additional, McHugh, M., additional, Meekins, D., additional, Mei, J., additional, Michaels, R., additional, Micherdzinska, A., additional, Myers, K. E., additional, Mkrtchyan, A., additional, Mkrtchyan, H., additional, Narayan, A., additional, Ndukum, L. Z., additional, Nelyubin, V., additional, Nuruzzaman, N., additional, van Oers, W. T. H, additional, Opper, A. K., additional, Page, S. A., additional, Pan, J., additional, Paschke, K., additional, Phillips, S. K., additional, Pitt, M. L., additional, Poelker, M., additional, Rajotte, J. F., additional, Ramsay, W. D., additional, Roche, J., additional, Sawatzky, B., additional, Seva, T., additional, Shabestari, M. H., additional, Silwal, R., additional, Simicevic, N., additional, Smith, G., additional, Solvignon, P., additional, Spayde, D. T., additional, Subedi, A., additional, Subedi, R., additional, Suleiman, R., additional, Tadevosyan, V., additional, Tobias, W. A., additional, Tvaskis, V., additional, Waidyawansa, B., additional, Wang, P., additional, Wells, S. P., additional, Wood, S. A., additional, Yang, S., additional, Young, R. D., additional, Zhamkochyan, S., additional, and Zou, D., additional
Published: 2013
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28. WTO Accession and Exports: Firm Level Evidence from Developing Economies

Author: Nuruzzaman, N, primary, Gaur, Ajai S., additional, and Sambharya, Rakesh B., additional
Published: 2021
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29. Comparing proton momentum distributions in = 2 and 3 Nuclei via H H and He ( , ′ ) Measurements

Author: Cruz-Torres, R., Li, S., Hauenstein, F., Schmidt, A., Nguyen, D., Abrams, D., Albataineh, H., Alsalmi, S., Androic, D., Aniol, K., Armstrong, W., Arrington, J., Atac, H., Averett, T., Ayerbe Gayoso, C., Bai, X., Bane, J., Barcus, S., Beck, A., Bellini, V., Bhatt, H., Bhetuwal, D., Biswas, D., Blyth, D., Boeglin, W., Bulumulla, D., Camsonne, A., Castellanos, J., Chen, J.P., Cohen, E.O., Covrig, S., Craycraft, K., Dongwi, B., Duer, M., Duran, B., Dutta, D., Fuchey, E., Gal, C., Gautam, T.N., Gilad, S., Gnanvo, K., Gogami, T., Gomez, J., Gu, C., Habarakada, A., Hague, T., Hansen, O., Hattawy, M., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D.W., Hughes, E., Hyde, C., Ibrahim, H., Jian, S., Joosten, S., Karki, A., Karki, B., Katramatou, A.T., Keppel, C., Khachatryan, M., Khachatryan, V., Khanal, A., King, D., King, P., Korover, I., Kutz, T., Lashley-Colthirst, N., Laskaris, G., Li, W., Liu, H., Liyanage, N., Lonardoni, D., Machleidt, R., Marcucci, L.E., Markowitz, P., McClellan, R.E., Meekins, D., Mey-Tal Beck, S., Meziani, Z.E., Michaels, R., Mihovilovič, M., Nelyubin, V., Nuruzzaman, N., Nycz, M., Obrecht, R., Olson, M., Ou, L., Owen, V., Pandey, B., Pandey, V., Papadopoulou, A., Park, S., Patsyuk, M., Paul, S., Petratos, G.G., Piasetzky, E., Pomatsalyuk, R., Premathilake, S., Puckett, A.J.R., Punjabi, V., Ransome, R., Rashad, M.N.H., Reimer, P.E., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Sammarruca, F., Santiesteban, N., Sawatzky, B., Segarra, E.P., Schmookler, B., Shahinyan, A., Širca, S., Sparveris, N., Su, T., Suleiman, R., Szumila-Vance, H., Tadepalli, A.S., Tang, L., Tireman, W., Tortorici, F., Urciuoli, G., Viviani, M., Weinstein, L.B., Wojtsekhowski, B., Wood, S., Ye, Z.H., Ye, Z.Y., and Zhang, J.
Abstract: We report the first measurement of the (e,e′p) reaction cross-section ratios for Helium-3 (He3), Tritium (H3), and Deuterium (d). The measurement covered a missing momentum range of 40≤pmiss≤550MeV/c, at large momentum transfer (〈Q2〉≈1.9 (GeV/c)$^{2}$) and xB>1, which minimized contributions from non quasi-elastic (QE) reaction mechanisms. The data is compared with plane-wave impulse approximation (PWIA) calculations using realistic spectral functions and momentum distributions. The measured and PWIA-calculated cross-section ratios for He3/d and H3/d extend to just above the typical nucleon Fermi-momentum (kF≈250 MeV/c) and differ from each other by ∼20%, while for He3/H3 they agree within the measurement accuracy of about 3%. At momenta above kF, the measured He3/H3 ratios differ from the calculation by 20%−50%. Final state interaction (FSI) calculations using the generalized Eikonal Approximation indicate that FSI should change the He3/H3 cross-section ratio for this measurement by less than 5%. If these calculations are correct, then the differences at large missing momenta between the He3/H3 experimental and calculated ratios could be due to the underlying NN interaction, and thus could provide new constraints on the previously loosely-constrained short-distance parts of the NN interaction.
Published: 2019

30. Institutional support, hazards, and internationalization of emerging market firms

Author: Nuruzzaman, N., primary, Singh, Deeksha, additional, and Gaur, Ajai S., additional
Published: 2019
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31. Comparing proton momentum distributions in A = 2 and 3 nuclei via 2H 3H and 3He (e,e′p) measurements

Author: Cruz-Torres, R., primary, Li, S., additional, Hauenstein, F., additional, Schmidt, A., additional, Nguyen, D., additional, Abrams, D., additional, Albataineh, H., additional, Alsalmi, S., additional, Androic, D., additional, Aniol, K., additional, Armstrong, W., additional, Arrington, J., additional, Atac, H., additional, Averett, T., additional, Ayerbe Gayoso, C., additional, Bai, X., additional, Bane, J., additional, Barcus, S., additional, Beck, A., additional, Bellini, V., additional, Bhatt, H., additional, Bhetuwal, D., additional, Biswas, D., additional, Blyth, D., additional, Boeglin, W., additional, Bulumulla, D., additional, Camsonne, A., additional, Castellanos, J., additional, Chen, J.-P., additional, Cohen, E.O., additional, Covrig, S., additional, Craycraft, K., additional, Dongwi, B., additional, Duer, M., additional, Duran, B., additional, Dutta, D., additional, Fuchey, E., additional, Gal, C., additional, Gautam, T.N., additional, Gilad, S., additional, Gnanvo, K., additional, Gogami, T., additional, Gomez, J., additional, Gu, C., additional, Habarakada, A., additional, Hague, T., additional, Hansen, O., additional, Hattawy, M., additional, Hen, O., additional, Higinbotham, D.W., additional, Hughes, E., additional, Hyde, C., additional, Ibrahim, H., additional, Jian, S., additional, Joosten, S., additional, Karki, A., additional, Karki, B., additional, Katramatou, A.T., additional, Keppel, C., additional, Khachatryan, M., additional, Khachatryan, V., additional, Khanal, A., additional, King, D., additional, King, P., additional, Korover, I., additional, Kutz, T., additional, Lashley-Colthirst, N., additional, Laskaris, G., additional, Li, W., additional, Liu, H., additional, Liyanage, N., additional, Lonardoni, D., additional, Machleidt, R., additional, Marcucci, L.E., additional, Markowitz, P., additional, McClellan, R.E., additional, Meekins, D., additional, Mey-Tal Beck, S., additional, Meziani, Z.-E., additional, Michaels, R., additional, Mihovilovič, M., additional, Nelyubin, V., additional, Nuruzzaman, N., additional, Nycz, M., additional, Obrecht, R., additional, Olson, M., additional, Ou, L., additional, Owen, V., additional, Pandey, B., additional, Pandey, V., additional, Papadopoulou, A., additional, Park, S., additional, Patsyuk, M., additional, Paul, S., additional, Petratos, G.G., additional, Piasetzky, E., additional, Pomatsalyuk, R., additional, Premathilake, S., additional, Puckett, A.J.R., additional, Punjabi, V., additional, Ransome, R., additional, Rashad, M.N.H., additional, Reimer, P.E., additional, Riordan, S., additional, Roche, J., additional, Sammarruca, F., additional, Santiesteban, N., additional, Sawatzky, B., additional, Segarra, E.P., additional, Schmookler, B., additional, Shahinyan, A., additional, Širca, S., additional, Sparveris, N., additional, Su, T., additional, Suleiman, R., additional, Szumila-Vance, H., additional, Tadepalli, A.S., additional, Tang, L., additional, Tireman, W., additional, Tortorici, F., additional, Urciuoli, G., additional, Viviani, M., additional, Weinstein, L.B., additional, Wojtsekhowski, B., additional, Wood, S., additional, Ye, Z.H., additional, Ye, Z.Y., additional, and Zhang, J., additional
Published: 2019
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32. Institutional support, hazards, and internationalization of emerging market firms.

Author: Nuruzzaman, N., Singh, Deeksha, and Gaur, Ajai S.
Published: 2020
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33. A microfoundations approach to studying innovation in multinational subsidiaries

Author: Nuruzzaman, N., primary, Gaur, Ajai S., additional, and Sambharya, Rakesh B., additional
Published: 2018
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34. A glimpse of gluons through deeply virtual compton scattering on the proton

Author: Defurne, M., primary, Jiménez-Argüello, A. Martí, additional, Ahmed, Z., additional, Albataineh, H., additional, Allada, K., additional, Aniol, K. A., additional, Bellini, V., additional, Benali, M., additional, Boeglin, W., additional, Bertin, P., additional, Brossard, M., additional, Camsonne, A., additional, Canan, M., additional, Chandavar, S., additional, Chen, C., additional, Chen, J.-P., additional, de Jager, C. W., additional, de Leo, R., additional, Desnault, C., additional, Deur, A., additional, El Fassi, L., additional, Ent, R., additional, Flay, D., additional, Friend, M., additional, Fuchey, E., additional, Frullani, S., additional, Garibaldi, F., additional, Gaskell, D., additional, Giusa, A., additional, Glamazdin, O., additional, Golge, S., additional, Gomez, J., additional, Hansen, O., additional, Higinbotham, D., additional, Holmstrom, T., additional, Horn, T., additional, Huang, J., additional, Huang, M., additional, Hyde, C. E., additional, Iqbal, S., additional, Itard, F., additional, Kang, H., additional, Kelleher, A., additional, Keppel, C., additional, Koirala, S., additional, Korover, I., additional, LeRose, J. J., additional, Lindgren, R., additional, Long, E., additional, Magne, M., additional, Mammei, J., additional, Margaziotis, D. J., additional, Markowitz, P., additional, Mazouz, M., additional, Meddi, F., additional, Meekins, D., additional, Michaels, R., additional, Mihovilovic, M., additional, Camacho, C. Muñoz, additional, Nadel-Turonski, P., additional, Nuruzzaman, N., additional, Paremuzyan, R., additional, Puckett, A., additional, Punjabi, V., additional, Qiang, Y., additional, Rakhman, A., additional, Rashad, M. N. H., additional, Riordan, S., additional, Roche, J., additional, Russo, G., additional, Sabatié, F., additional, Saenboonruang, K., additional, Saha, A., additional, Sawatzky, B., additional, Selvy, L., additional, Shahinyan, A., additional, Sirca, S., additional, Solvignon, P., additional, Sperduto, M. L., additional, Subedi, R., additional, Sulkosky, V., additional, Sutera, C., additional, Tobias, W. A., additional, Urciuoli, G. M., additional, Wang, D., additional, Wojtsekhowski, B., additional, Yao, H., additional, Ye, Z., additional, Zhan, X., additional, Zhang, J., additional, Zhao, B., additional, Zhao, Z., additional, Zheng, X., additional, and Zhu, P., additional
Published: 2017
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35. A microfoundations approach to studying innovation in multinational subsidiaries.

Author: Nuruzzaman, N., Gaur, Ajai S., and Sambharya, Rakesh B.
Published: 2019
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36. Measurement of parity-violating asymmetry in electron-deuteron inelastic scattering

Author: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Bertozzi, William, Deconinck, Wouter, Pan, Kai, Gilad, Shalev, Huang, Jin, Kowalski, Stanley B., Muangma, Navaphon, Sulkosky, Vincent, Wang, D., Subedi, R., Ahmed, Z., Allada, Kalyan C., Aniol, K., Armstrong, D. S., Arrington, J., Bellini, V., Beminiwattha, R., Benesch, J., Benmokhtar, F., Camsonne, A., Canan, M., Cates, G. D., Chen, J.-P., Chudakov, E., Cisbani, E., Dalton, M. M., de Jager, C. W., De Leo, R., Deng, X., Deur, A., Dutta, C., Fassi, L. El, Erler, J., Flay, D., Franklin, G. B., Friend, M., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Giusa, A., Glamazdin, A., Golge, S., Grimm, K., Hafidi, K., Hansen, J.-O., Higinbotham, D. W., Holmes, R., Holmstrom, T., Holt, R. J., Hyde, C. E., Jen, C. M., Jones, D., Kang, Hoyoung, King, P. M., Kumar, K. S., Lee, J. H., LeRose, J. J., Liyanage, N., Long, E., McNulty, D., Margaziotis, D. J., Meddi, F., Meekins, D. G., Mercado, L., Meziani, Z.-E., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Mesick, K. E., Nanda, S., Narayan, A., Nelyubin, V., Nuruzzaman, N., Oh, Y., Parno, D., Paschke, K. D., Phillips, S. K., Qian, X., Qiang, Y., Quinn, B., Rakhman, A., Reimer, P. E., Rider, K., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Rubin, J., Russo, G., Saenboonruang, K., Saha, A., Sawatzky, B., Shahinyan, A., Silwal, R., Širca, S., Souder, P. A., Suleiman, R., Sutera, C. M., Tobias, W. A., Urciuoli, G. M., Waidyawansa, B., Wojtsekhowski, B., Ye, L., Zhao, B., Zheng, X., Kowalski, Stanley B, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Bertozzi, William, Deconinck, Wouter, Pan, Kai, Gilad, Shalev, Huang, Jin, Kowalski, Stanley B., Muangma, Navaphon, Sulkosky, Vincent, Wang, D., Subedi, R., Ahmed, Z., Allada, Kalyan C., Aniol, K., Armstrong, D. S., Arrington, J., Bellini, V., Beminiwattha, R., Benesch, J., Benmokhtar, F., Camsonne, A., Canan, M., Cates, G. D., Chen, J.-P., Chudakov, E., Cisbani, E., Dalton, M. M., de Jager, C. W., De Leo, R., Deng, X., Deur, A., Dutta, C., Fassi, L. El, Erler, J., Flay, D., Franklin, G. B., Friend, M., Frullani, S., Garibaldi, F., Giusa, A., Glamazdin, A., Golge, S., Grimm, K., Hafidi, K., Hansen, J.-O., Higinbotham, D. W., Holmes, R., Holmstrom, T., Holt, R. J., Hyde, C. E., Jen, C. M., Jones, D., Kang, Hoyoung, King, P. M., Kumar, K. S., Lee, J. H., LeRose, J. J., Liyanage, N., Long, E., McNulty, D., Margaziotis, D. J., Meddi, F., Meekins, D. G., Mercado, L., Meziani, Z.-E., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Mesick, K. E., Nanda, S., Narayan, A., Nelyubin, V., Nuruzzaman, N., Oh, Y., Parno, D., Paschke, K. D., Phillips, S. K., Qian, X., Qiang, Y., Quinn, B., Rakhman, A., Reimer, P. E., Rider, K., Riordan, S., Roche, J., Rubin, J., Russo, G., Saenboonruang, K., Saha, A., Sawatzky, B., Shahinyan, A., Silwal, R., Širca, S., Souder, P. A., Suleiman, R., Sutera, C. M., Tobias, W. A., Urciuoli, G. M., Waidyawansa, B., Wojtsekhowski, B., Ye, L., Zhao, B., Zheng, X., and Kowalski, Stanley B
Abstract: The parity-violating asymmetries between a longitudinally polarized electron beam and an unpolarized deuterium target have been measured recently. The measurement covered two kinematic points in the deep-inelastic scattering region and five in the nucleon resonance region. We provide here details of the experimental setup, data analysis, and results on all asymmetry measurements including parity-violating electron asymmetries and those of inclusive pion production and beam-normal asymmetries. The parity-violating deep-inelastic asymmetries were used to extract the electron-quark weak effective couplings, and the resonance asymmetries provided the first evidence for quark-hadron duality in electroweak observables. These electron asymmetries and their interpretation were published earlier, but are presented here in more detail.
Published: 2015

37. HOME COUNTRY POLITICAL AND LEGAL HAZARDS AND INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION OF EMERGING MARKET FIRMS.

Author: NURUZZAMAN, N. and SINGH, DEEKSHA
Abstract: This study employs institution-based view to examine the effect of political and legal institutional hazards in home country on firm internationalization. We argue that firm responses toward political and legal hazards are heterogenous, depending on boundary condition imposed by home country environment, government connections, firm's managerial resources and human capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2017
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38. The Q[superscript p][subscript Weak] experiment

Author: Androic, D., Armstrong, D. S, Asaturyan, A., Averett, T., Beaufait, J., Beminiwattha, R. S, Benesch, J., Benmokhtar, F., Birchall, J., Carlini, R. D, Cornejo, J. C, Covrig, S., Dalton, M. M, Davis, C. A, Deconinck, W., Diefenbach, J., Dowd, J. F, Dunne, J. A, Dutta, D., Duvall, W. S, Elaasar, M., Falk, W. R, Finn, J. M, Forest, T., Gaskell, D., Gericke, M. T W, Grames, J., Gray, V. M, Grimm, K., Hoskins, J. R, Johnston, K., Jones, D., Jones, M., Jones, R., Kargiantoulakis, M., King, P. M, Korkmaz, E., Leacock, J., Leckey, J., Lee, A. R, Lee, J. H, Lee, L., MacEwan, S., Mack, D., Magee, J. A, Mahurin, R., Mammei, J., Martin, J., McHugh, M., Meekins, D., Mei, J., Michaels, R., Micherdzinska, A., Myers, K. E, Mkrtchyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Narayan, A., Ndukum, L. Z, Nelyubin, V., Nuruzzaman, N., van Oers, W. T H, Opper, A. K, Page, S. A, Pan, J., Paschke, K., Phillips, S. K, Pitt, M. L, Poelker, M., Ramsay, W. D, Roche, J., Sawatzky, B., Seva, T., Shabestari, M. H, Silwal, R., Simicevic, N., Smith, G., Solvignon, P., Spayde, D. T, Subedi, A., Subedi, R., Suleiman, R., Tadevosyan, V., Tobias, W. A, Tvaskis, V., Waidyawansa, B., Wang, P., Wells, S. P, Wood, S. A, Yang, S., Young, R. D, Zhamkochyan, S., Balewski, Jan T., Dow, Karen Ann, Guo, Fang, Kowalski, Stanley B, Rajotte, Jean-Francois, Zou, David, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Balewski, Jan T., Dow, Karen Ann, Guo, Fang, Kowalski, Stanley B, Rajotte, Jean-Francois, and Zou, David
Abstract: In May 2012, the Q[superscript p][subscript Weak] collaboration completed a two year measurement program to determine the weak charge of the proton Q[superscript p][subscript Weak] = ( 1 - 4sin [superscript 2] θ[subscript W] at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF). The experiment was designed to produce a 4.0 % measurement of the weak charge, via a 2.5 % measurement of the parity violating asymmetry in the number of elastically scattered 1.165 GeV electrons from protons, at forward angles. At the proposed precision, the experiment would produce a 0.3 % measurement of the weak mixing angle at a momentum transfer of Q[superscript 2] = 0.026 GeV[superscript 2], making it the most precise stand alone measurement of the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer. In combination with other parity measurements, Q[superscript p][subscript Weak] will also provide a high precision determination of the weak charges of the up and down quarks. At the proposed precision, a significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction could be a signal of new physics at mass scales up to ≃ 6 TeV, whereas agreement would place new and significant constraints on possible Standard Model extensions at mass scales up to ≃ 2 TeV. This paper provides an overview of the physics and the experiment, as well as a brief look at some preliminary diagnostic and analysis data.
Published: 2013

39. Measurement of the Neutron Radius of Pb-208 through Parity Violation in Electron Scattering

Author: Abrahamyan, S, Ahmed, Z, Albataineh, H, Aniol, K, Armstrong, Ds, Armstrong, W, Averett, T, Babineau, B, Barbieri, A, Bellini, Vincenzo, Beminiwattha, R, Benesch, J, Benmokhtar, F, Bielarski, T, Boeglin, W, Camsonne, A, Canan, M, Carter, P, Cates, Gd, Chen, C, Chen, Jp, Hen, O, Cusanno, F, Dalton, Mm, De, Le, R, de Jager, K, Deconinck, W, Decowski, P, Deng, X, Deur, A, Dutta, D, Etile, A, Flay, D, Franklin, Gb, Friend, M, Frullani, S, Fuchey, E, Garibaldi, F, Gasser, E, Gilman, R, Giusa, A, Glamazdin, A, Gomez, J, Grames, J, Gu, C, Hansen, O, Hansknecht, J, Higinbotham, Dw, Holmes, Rs, Holmstrom, T, Horowitz, Cj, Hoskins, J, Huang, J, Hyde, Ce, Itard, F, Jen, Cm, Jensen, E, Jin, G, Johnston, S, Kelleher, A, Kliakhandler, K, King, Pm, Kowalski, S, Kumar, Ks, Leacock, J, Leckey, J, Lee, Jh, Lerose, Jj, Lindgren, R, Liyanage, N, Lubinsky, N, Mammei, J, Mammoliti, Francesco, Margaziotis, Dj, Markowitz, P, Mccreary, A, Mcnulty, D, Mercado, L, Meziani, Ze, Michaels, Rw, Mihovilovic, M, Muangma, N, Munoz Camacho, C, Nanda, S, Nelyubin, V, Nuruzzaman, N, Oh, Y, Palmer, A, Parno, D, Paschke, Kd, Phillips, Sk, Poelker, B, Pomatsalyuk, R, Posik, M, Puckett, Ajr, Quinn, B, Rakhman, A, Reimer, Pe, Riordan, S, Rogan, P, Ron, G, Russo, Giuseppe, Saenboonruang, K, Saha, A, Sawatzky, B, Shahinyan, A, Silwal, R, Sirca, S, Slifer, K, Solvignon, P, Souder, Pa, Sperduto, Ml, Subedi, R, Suleiman, R, Sulkosky, V, Sutera, CONCETTA MARIA, Tobias, Wa, Troth, W, Urciuoli, Gm, Waidyawansa, B, Wang, D, Wexler, J, Wilson, R, Wojtsekhowski, B, Yan, X, Yao, H, Ye, Y, Ye, Z, Yim, V, Zana, L, Zhan, X, Zhang, J, Zhang, Y, Zheng, X, and PREX Collaboration, Zhu P.
Subjects: ELECTRON-SCATTERING, NUCLEI, DENSITIES
Published: 2012

40. Probing the Repulsive Core of the Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction via the [superscript 4]He(e,e'pN) Triple-Coincidence Reaction

Author: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Sulkosky, V., Kelleher, A., Gilad, Shalev, Bertozzi, William, Deconinck, Wouter, Monaghan, Peter, Pan, Kai, Zhan, X., Korover, I., Muangma, Navaphon, Hen, O., Shneor, R., Higinbotham, D. W., Piasetzky, E., Watson, J. W., Wood, S. A., Aguilera, P., Ahmed, Z., Albataineh, H., Allada, Kalyan C., Anderson, B., Anez, D., Aniol, K., Annand, J., Armstrong, W., Arrington, J., Averett, T., Badman, T., Baghdasaryan, H., Bai, X., Beck, A., Beck, S., Bellini, V., Benmokhtar, F., Bittner, J., Boeglin, W., Camsonne, A., Chen, C., Chen, J.-P., Chirapatpimol, K., Cisbani, E., Dalton, M. M., Daniel, A., Day, D., de Jager, C. W., De Leo, R., Defurne, M., Flay, D., Fomin, N., Friend, M., Frullani, S., Fuchey, E., Garibaldi, F., Gaskell, D., Gilman, R., Glamazdin, O., Gu, C., Gueye, P., Hamilton, D., Hanretty, C., Hansen, J.-O., Hashemi Shabestari, M., Holmstrom, T., Huang, M., Iqbal, S., Jin, G., Kalantarians, N., Kang, H., Khandaker, M., LeRose, J. J., Leckey, J., Lindgren, R., Long, E., Mammei, J., Margaziotis, D. J., Markowitz, P., Marti Jimenez-Arguello, A., Meekins, D., Meziani, Z.-E., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Munoz Camacho, C., Norum, B. E., Nuruzzaman, N., Phillips, S., Pomerantz, I., Posik, M., Punjabi, V., Qian, X., Qiang, Y., Qiu, X., Rakhman, A., Reimer, P. E., Riordan, S., Ron, G., Rondon-Aramayo, O., Saha, A., Schulte, E., Selvy, L., Shahinyan, A., Sirca, S., Sjoegren, J., Slifer, K., Solvignon, P., Sparveris, N., Subedi, R., Tireman, W., Wang, D., Weinstein, L. B., Wojtsekhowski, B., Yan, W., Yaron, I., Ye, Z., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhao, B., Zhao, Z., Zheng, X., Zhu, P., Zielinski, R., Silad, Shalev, Pan, Kai, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Sulkosky, V., Kelleher, A., Gilad, Shalev, Bertozzi, William, Deconinck, Wouter, Monaghan, Peter, Pan, Kai, Zhan, X., Korover, I., Muangma, Navaphon, Hen, O., Shneor, R., Higinbotham, D. W., Piasetzky, E., Watson, J. W., Wood, S. A., Aguilera, P., Ahmed, Z., Albataineh, H., Allada, Kalyan C., Anderson, B., Anez, D., Aniol, K., Annand, J., Armstrong, W., Arrington, J., Averett, T., Badman, T., Baghdasaryan, H., Bai, X., Beck, A., Beck, S., Bellini, V., Benmokhtar, F., Bittner, J., Boeglin, W., Camsonne, A., Chen, C., Chen, J.-P., Chirapatpimol, K., Cisbani, E., Dalton, M. M., Daniel, A., Day, D., de Jager, C. W., De Leo, R., Defurne, M., Flay, D., Fomin, N., Friend, M., Frullani, S., Fuchey, E., Garibaldi, F., Gaskell, D., Gilman, R., Glamazdin, O., Gu, C., Gueye, P., Hamilton, D., Hanretty, C., Hansen, J.-O., Hashemi Shabestari, M., Holmstrom, T., Huang, M., Iqbal, S., Jin, G., Kalantarians, N., Kang, H., Khandaker, M., LeRose, J. J., Leckey, J., Lindgren, R., Long, E., Mammei, J., Margaziotis, D. J., Markowitz, P., Marti Jimenez-Arguello, A., Meekins, D., Meziani, Z.-E., Michaels, R., Mihovilovic, M., Munoz Camacho, C., Norum, B. E., Nuruzzaman, N., Phillips, S., Pomerantz, I., Posik, M., Punjabi, V., Qian, X., Qiang, Y., Qiu, X., Rakhman, A., Reimer, P. E., Riordan, S., Ron, G., Rondon-Aramayo, O., Saha, A., Schulte, E., Selvy, L., Shahinyan, A., Sirca, S., Sjoegren, J., Slifer, K., Solvignon, P., Sparveris, N., Subedi, R., Tireman, W., Wang, D., Weinstein, L. B., Wojtsekhowski, B., Yan, W., Yaron, I., Ye, Z., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhao, B., Zhao, Z., Zheng, X., Zhu, P., Zielinski, R., Silad, Shalev, and Pan, Kai, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Abstract: We studied simultaneously the [superscript 4]He(e,e'p), [superscript 4]He(e,e'pp), and [superscript 4]He(e,e'pn) reactions at Q[superscript 2] = 2(GeV/c)[superscript 2] and x[subscript B] > 1, for an (e,e'p) missing-momentum range of 400 to 830 MeV/c. The knocked-out proton was detected in coincidence with a proton or neutron recoiling almost back to back to the missing momentum, leaving the residual A = 2 system at low excitation energy. These data were used to identify two-nucleon short-range correlated pairs and to deduce their isospin structure as a function of missing momentum, in a region where the nucleon-nucleon (NN) force is expected to change from predominantly tensor to repulsive. The abundance of neutron-proton pairs is reduced as the nucleon momentum increases beyond ∼500 MeV/c. The extracted fraction of proton-proton pairs is small and almost independent of the missing momentum. Our data are compared with calculations of two-nucleon momentum distributions in [superscript 4]He and discussed in the context of probing the elusive repulsive component of the NN force., National Science Foundation (U.S.), United States. Dept. of Energy (Grant DE-AC02-06CH11357), United States. Dept. of Energy (Grant DE-FG02-94ER40818), United States. Dept. of Energy (Contract DE-AC05-060R23177)
Published: 2014

41. Disease Burden in the Context of Disasters: Insights from Over 6.7 million Respondents in the Bangladesh Disaster-Related Statistics of 2021.

Author: Kabir I, Rana S, Alam B, Chowdhury AR, Lusha MAF, Khanam SJ, Hossain DM, Islam S, and Khan N
Subjects: Humans, Bangladesh epidemiology, Male, Female, Cross-Sectional Studies, Adult, Adolescent, Middle Aged, Child, Preschool, Child, Infant, Disasters statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, Aged, Logistic Models, Infant, Newborn, Cost of Illness
Abstract: Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the burden of disasters and adverse health outcomes during and following disasters in Bangladesh., Methods: We analyzed 6 788 947 respondents' data from a cross-sectional and nationally representative 2021 Bangladesh Disaster-related Statistics (BDRS). The key explanatory variables were the types of disasters respondents faced, while the outcome variables were the disease burden during and following disasters. Descriptive statistics were used to determine disease burden. A multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model assessed the association between disease burden and disaster types, along with socio-demographic characteristics of respondents., Results: Nearly 50% of respondents experienced diseases during disasters, rising to 53.4% afterward. Fever, cough and diarrhea were prevalent during and after disasters, with increases in skin diseases, malnutrition, and asthma post-disaster. Vulnerable groups, such as children aged 0-4, hijra individuals, those with lower education, people with disabilities, and rural residents, especially in Chattogram, Rangpur, and Sylhet divisions, were most affected. Floods, cyclones, thunderstorms, and hailstorms significantly increased disease likelihood during and after disasters., Conclusions: The study underscores the complex relationship between disasters and health outcomes in Bangladesh, stressing the need for targeted public health interventions, improved health care infrastructure, and evidence-based policies to mitigate disaster-related health risks.
Published: 2024
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42. Cloud IaaS Optimization Using Machine Vision at the IoT Edge and the Grid Sensing Algorithm.

Author: Faruqui N, Achar S, Racherla S, Dhanawat V, Sripathi P, Islam MM, Uddin J, Othman MA, Samad MA, and Choi K
Abstract: Security grids consisting of High-Definition (HD) Internet of Things (IoT) cameras are gaining popularity for organizational perimeter surveillance and security monitoring. Transmitting HD video data to cloud infrastructure requires high bandwidth and more storage space than text, audio, and image data. It becomes more challenging for large-scale organizations with massive security grids to minimize cloud network bandwidth and storage costs. This paper presents an application of Machine Vision at the IoT Edge (Mez) technology in association with a novel Grid Sensing (GRS) algorithm to optimize cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) resource allocation, leading to cost minimization. Experimental results demonstrated a 31.29% reduction in bandwidth and a 22.43% reduction in storage requirements. The Mez technology offers a network latency feedback module with knobs for transforming video frames to adjust to the latency sensitivity. The association of the GRS algorithm introduces its compatibility in the IoT camera-driven security grid by automatically ranking the existing bandwidth requirements by different IoT nodes. As a result, the proposed system minimizes the entire grid's throughput, contributing to significant cloud resource optimization.
Published: 2024
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43. Multi-View Soft Attention-Based Model for the Classification of Lung Cancer-Associated Disabilities.

Author: Esha JF, Islam T, Pranto MAM, Borno AS, Faruqui N, Yousuf MA, Azad A, Al-Moisheer AS, Alotaibi N, Alyami SA, and Moni MA
Abstract: Background: The detection of lung nodules at their early stages may significantly enhance the survival rate and prevent progression to severe disability caused by advanced lung cancer, but it often requires manual and laborious efforts for radiologists, with limited success. To alleviate it, we propose a Multi-View Soft Attention-Based Convolutional Neural Network (MVSA-CNN) model for multi-class lung nodular classifications in three stages (benign, primary, and metastatic). Methods: Initially, patches from each nodule are extracted into three different views, each fed to our model to classify the malignancy. A dataset, namely the Lung Image Database Consortium Image Database Resource Initiative (LIDC-IDRI), is used for training and testing. The 10-fold cross-validation approach was used on the database to assess the model's performance. Results: The experimental results suggest that MVSA-CNN outperforms other competing methods with 97.10% accuracy, 96.31% sensitivity, and 97.45% specificity. Conclusions: We hope the highly predictive performance of MVSA-CNN in lung nodule classification from lung Computed Tomography (CT) scans may facilitate more reliable diagnosis, thereby improving outcomes for individuals with disabilities who may experience disparities in healthcare access and quality.
Published: 2024
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44. The association of solid fuel use in households for cooking with elevated blood pressure among reproductive-aged married women in Bangladesh.

Author: Khan N, Islam S, Khan MA, Kabir I, Chowdhury AR, Paul D, and Ali H
Subjects: Humans, Female, Bangladesh epidemiology, Adult, Young Adult, Middle Aged, Adolescent, Prevalence, Socioeconomic Factors, Health Surveys, Cooking statistics & numerical data, Hypertension epidemiology, Hypertension etiology, Air Pollution, Indoor adverse effects, Blood Pressure, Family Characteristics
Abstract: Bangladesh is experiencing a rapid increase in hypertension prevalence, particularly in socio-economically disadvantaged communities. The higher use of solid fuel in these communities could be one of the significant factors contributing to this trend, but evidence supporting this hypothesis is limited in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the associations of household solid fuel use and its exposure level with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and hypertension. We analysed 7,320 women's data from 2017/18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. We considered three outcome variables: (i) systolic blood pressure (BP) (continuous response), (ii) DBP (continuous response), and (iii) hypertension status (yes, no). Our primary exposures of interest were fuel type (clean vs solid) and the potential level of household air pollution exposure through solid fuel use (unexposed, moderately exposed, and highly exposed). We used a multilevel mixed-effects Poisson regression model with robust variance to determine association between exposure and outcome variables while adjusting for confounders. Of the total respondents analysed, approximately 82% used solid fuel for cooking. The age-standardised prevalence of hypertension was 28%. Respondents using solid fuel were found to be 1.44 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.89) more likely to develop hypertension compared to clean fuel users. Compared to women using clean fuel, the likelihood of hypertension was found to be 1.61 times (95% CI, 1.07-2.20) higher among the moderately exposed group and 1.80 times (95% CI, 1.27-2.32) higher among the highly exposed group. Similar associations were reported for systolic and DBP. The use of solid fuel increases the risk of becoming hypertensive and elevates systolic and DBP. Policies and programmes are necessary to increase awareness of the adverse effects of solid fuel use on health, including hypertension. Efforts should be made to reduce solid fuel use and ensure proper ventilation systems in households where solid fuel is used.
Published: 2024
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45. Factors Associated with Exclusive Use of Hygienic Methods during Menstruation among Adolescent Girls (15-19 Years) in Urban India: Evidence from NFHS-5.

Author: Roy D, Kasemi N, Halder M, and Majumder M
Abstract: Background: Menstrual hygiene is a critical public health concern for adolescent girls in urban India. However, there is a paucity of research on this subject, particularly on a national scale. To the best of our knowledge, this study diverges from previous research, as the majority of prior investigations in India have centered on rural locales, married individuals, and those aged between 15 and 24 years. Thus, this study aims to fill this gap by investigating the factors associated with the exclusive use of hygienic methods during menstruation among urban adolescent girls (15-19 years) in India., Method: A total of 25136 samples were included in this analysis from the National Family Health Survey 5 (NFHS-5). The Binary logistic regression model has been administered to determine the associated factors of the exclusive use of hygienic methods among adolescent girls., Results: The results of the multivariate model revealed significant positive associations between higher education levels and usage of menstrual hygiene management products (AOR: 1.860; 95 % CI: 1.418-2.439), (AOR: 2.110; 95 % CI: 1.553-2.867). Additionally, individuals in higher wealth quintiles were more likely to use MHM products, with the richest quintile showing the highest likelihood (AOR: 5.310; 95 % CI: 4.494-6.275). Attendance at cultural events such as cinema or theater was positively associated with MHM product utilization (AOR: 1.338; 95 % CI: 1.181-1.517).Conversely, Lack of access to sanitation facilities was inversely associated with MHM product utilization (AOR: 0.742; 95 % CI: 0.628-0.877). Muslim girls had lower odds than Hindus (AOR: 0.576; 95 % CI: 0.520-0.637). Substantial regional variations were evident, with the Western (AOR: 0.879; 95 % CI: 0.759-1.019), Eastern (AOR: 0.747; 95 % CI: 0.654-0.854), Central (AOR: 0.349; 95 % CI: 0.313-0.388), and North-eastern regions (AOR: 0.597; 95 % CI: 0.490-0.727) displaying diminished odds of MHM product usage relative to the southern region. General caste had higher odds compared to scheduled caste (AOR: 1.255, 95 % CI: 1.103-1.429), while other backward caste had lower odds (AOR: 0.858, 95 % CI: 0.771-0.955)., Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of addressing inequalities in access to menstrual hygiene products among urban adolescent girls in India. Targeted interventions and educational programs are essential to ensure equitable access and promote overall health and well-being., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2024 The Authors.)
Published: 2024
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46. Association between concurrence of multiple risk factors and under-5 mortality: a pooled analysis of data from Demographic and Health Survey in 61 low-and-middle-income countries.

Author: Kong Y, Chen S, Ma N, Chen Z, Karoli P, Niyi JL, Fan P, Fink G, Kwete XJ, Wehrmeister FC, Cheng F, Wang D, Zemene MA, Gatimu SM, Khan N, Rahman A, Fekadu L, Shibre G, Rahmartani LD, Aheto JMK, Geldsetzer P, and Li Z
Abstract: Background: Exposure to multiple risk factors is prevalent in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), challenging one-directional strategies to address preventable under-5 mortality (U5M). This study aims to assess the associations between concurrence of multiple risk factors and U5M in LMICs., Methods: We extracted data from the Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2010 and 2021 across 61 LMICs. Our primary outcome was U5M, defined as deaths from birth to 59 months. Binary logistic regression model was applied to ascertain the association between U5M and a total of 20 critical risk factors. Upon identifying the risk factors demonstrating the strongest associations, we investigated the simultaneous presence of multiple risk factors in each individual and assessed their combined effects on U5M with logistic regression models., Findings: Of the 604,372 under-5 children, 18,166 (3.0%) died at the time of the survey. Unsatisfied family planning needs was the strongest risk factor for U5M (odds ratio [OR]: 2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9-2.1), followed by short birth interval (<18 months; OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.9-2.1), small birth size (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.8-2.1), never breastfed or delayed breastfeeding (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.9-2.0), and low maternal education (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.4-1.8). 66.7% (66.6%-66.8%) of the children had 2 or more leading risk factors simultaneously. Simultaneous presence of multiple leading risk factors was significantly associated with elevated risk of U5M and children presenting with all 5 leading risk factors exhibited an exceedingly high risk of U5M (OR: 5.2, 95% CI: 4.3-6.3); a dose-response relationship between the number of risk factors and U5M was also observed-with the increment of numbers of leading risk factors, the U5M showed an increasing trend ( p-trend < 0.001)., Interpretation: Exposure to multiple risk factors is very common in LMICs and underscores the necessity of developing multisectoral and integrated approaches to accelerate progress in reducing U5M in line with the SDG 3.2., Funding: This research is funded by Research Fund, Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024 The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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47. Impact of indoor air pollution from cooking fuel usage and practices on self-reported health among older adults in India: Evidence from LASI.

Author: Halder M, Kasemi N, Roy D, and Majumder M
Abstract: This research aims to explore the impact of various components of Indoor air pollution (IAP) on the Self-Reported Health (SRH) of older adults in India. Using a sample of 27,090 from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) Wave-1, a multiple binary logistic regression model was employed to identify specific risk factors associated with poor SRH among older adults. Adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and IAP-related components, it was revealed that IAP significantly contributes to poor SRH. The adjusted model indicated that individuals using solid cooking fuels face a higher risk of poor SRH compared to those using liquid fuels. Additionally, individuals not using electric chimneys and cooking near windows are associated with an elevated risk of poor SRH, highlighting the importance of adequate ventilation. Health risk factors, including lung disease, diabetes, cough, and depression, further contribute to poor SRH among older adults exposed to IAP. Overall, the study offers crucial insights for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and environmentalists to improve the well-being of the vulnerable older population in India., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2024 The Authors.)
Published: 2024
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48. Tobacco use and its associated factors among middle and old-aged women in India using LASI wave-1 data.

Author: Halder M, Kasemi N, and Majumder M
Subjects: Aged, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Aging, India epidemiology, Risk Factors, Tobacco Use epidemiology
Abstract: Background: Despite a global decline in tobacco use reported by the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), India stands out for its high number of tobacco users. While research in India often focuses on tobacco use among young adults, there's a notable lack of studies addressing tobacco use among middle and old-aged women. However, the national prevalence of tobacco use among middle and old-aged (45 years and above) women in India is 18.2%. Thus, this study seeks to identify the factors influencing tobacco consumption among middle and old-aged women in the country., Methods: The study has utilized secondary data from Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) conducted in 2017-18. This study exclusively included a total of 38,180 middle and old-aged women who reported tobacco use. The analysis encompassed the utilization of Chi-square tests and Binary logistic regression to pinpoint the risk factors linked to tobacco use among middle and old-aged women., Results: Our study reveals a heightened likelihood of tobacco use among middle and old-aged women residing in the northeastern region of India. The study underscores the imperative to direct targeted efforts toward middle and old-aged women who fall into specific categories, including those who are widowed, separated, or unmarried, individuals who consume alcohol, those with lower socioeconomic and educational standings, residents of rural areas, those living in solitude, individuals experiencing depressive symptoms, and those who self-report poor health., Conclusion: Given the heightened susceptibility of these demographic groups to tobacco use, it is crucial to prioritize tobacco prevention and cessation initiatives specifically tailored to their needs and circumstances., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Halder et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Published: 2024
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49. Combined Experimental and Computational Insight into the Role of Substrate in the Synthesis of Two-Dimensional WSe 2 .

Author: Momeni K, Sakib N, Figueroa DEC, Paul S, Chen CY, Lin YC, and Robinson JA
Abstract: Synthesis of large-area transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with controlled orientation is a significant challenge to their industrial applications. Substrate plays a vital role in determining the final quality of monolayer materials grown via the chemical vapor deposition process by controlling their orientation, crystal structure, and grain boundary. This study determined the binding energy and equilibrium distance for tungsten diselenide (WSe 2 ) monolayers on crystalline and amorphous silicon dioxide and aluminum dioxide substrates. Differently oriented WSe 2 monolayers are considered to investigate the role of the substrate in the orientation, binding strength, and equilibrium distance. This study can pave the way to synthesizing high-quality two-dimensional (2D) materials for electronic and chemical applications.
Published: 2024
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50. Fluorine-free nanoparticle coatings on cotton fabric: comparing the UV-protective and hydrophobic capabilities of silica vs. silica-ZnO nanostructures.

Author: Liu IC, Hu X, Fei B, Lee C, Fan S, Xin JH, and Noor N
Abstract: Robust, hydrophobic woven cotton fabrics were obtained through the sol-gel dip coating of two different nanoparticle (NP) architectures; silica and silica-ZnO. Water repellency values as high as 148° and relatively low tilt angles for fibrous fabrics (12°) were observed, without the need for fluorinated components. In all cases, this enhanced functionality was achieved with the broad retention of water vapor permeability characteristics, i.e. , less than 10% decrease. NP formation routes indicated direct bonding interactions in both the silica and silica-ZnO structures. The physico-chemical effects of NP-compatibilizer ( i.e. , polydimethoxysilane (PDMS) and n -octyltriethoxysilane (OTES) at different ratios) coatings on cotton fibres indicate that compatibilizer-NP interactions are predominantly physical. Whenever photoactive ZnO-containing additives were used, there was a minor decrease in hydrophobic character, but order of magnitude increases in UV-protective capability ( i.e. , UPF > 384); properties which were absent in non-ZnO-containing samples. Such water repellency and UPF capabilities were stable to both laundering and UV-exposure, resisting the commonly encountered UV-induced wettability transitions associated with photoactive ZnO. These results suggest that ZnO-containing silica NP coatings on cotton can confer both excellent and persistent surface hydrophobicity as well as UV-protective capability, with potential uses in wearables and functional textiles applications., Competing Interests: There are no known conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)
Published: 2024
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