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Objective To investigate the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) and its relationship with clinical features and clinical activity score Methods Right eyes of 53 patients with TAO and 53 healthy subjects were scanned for subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), CVI, choroid-stromal area (C-SA), choroid-luminal area (C-LA), choroidal stromal index (CSI), choroid-stromal-to-luminal-area ratio, and CVI and CSI within the central 1500 µm of the macula (CVI1500 and CSI1500) by enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography. The results of the TAO group and the healthy controls were compared. Results The SFCT was significantly greater in the TAO group than in the control group (p = 0.02). The values of C-LA, C-SA, and total choroidal area (TCA) in the TAO group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p = 0.01, p = 0.04, and p = 0.01, respectively). The increases in SFCT, C-LA, C-SA, and TCA were 12.1%, 12.2%, 16.2%, and 13.6%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups for CVI, CSI, CVI1500, CSI1500, and choroid-stromal-to-luminal-area ratio (p > 0.05). CVI1500 and CSI1500 have displayed a statistically significant correlation with exophthalmometry and clinical activity score (p Conclusion The alterations in stromal and vascular structures are proportionally similar in TAO; thus CVI may not be affected significantly. However, CVI1500 and CSI1500 may be associated with disease activity. The choroidal thickening in TAO may be the result not only of vascular mechanisms but also by an increase in stromal contents.

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is still the leading cause of surgical failure after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair. The factors that can predict the development of PVR remain to be elucidated.This study evaluates the predictive values of the systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with primary RRD with and without PVR.A total of 150 patients with RRD and 51 age- and sex-matched healthy participants were included in the study. Patients who developed PVR within three months after surgery were enrolled as PVR cases (n = 75, Group 1), and those who did not develop PVR were enrolled in RRD without the PVR group (n = 75, Group 2). Ocular examination findings and medical records of all participants were analysed retrospectively. Peripheral blood samples were collected, and systemic immune-inflammation index, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios were calculated. The systemic immune-inflammation index calculation formula is: (Neutrophil/lymphocyte) × Platelet.The median neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index levels were significantly higher in Group 1 patients compared to Group 2 and the control groups (p = 0.01, for both). However, the groups were similar regarding median platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.917). The optimal cut-off values of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index were calculated as 1.72 (with 72% sensitivity and 48% specificity) and 407.9 (with 72% sensitivity and 49.3% specificity), respectively, for predicting PVR development in patients with RRD.Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune-inflammation index may be useful biomarkers for predicting the risk of PVR development in RRD patients.

Purpose To evaluate the acute effects of coffee on peripapillary and subfoveal choroidal structures using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Materials and Methods A total of 28 healthy individuals (study group) and 28 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The peripapillary and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was measured at baseline, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h, following coffee (75 mg caffeine/200 ml) intake in the study group and the same amount of water in the control group. Choroidal images were binarized to the luminal area (LA), stromal area (SA), and total choroidal area (TCA) using ImageJ software. Similar to the CT, the peripapillary and subfoveal choroidal vascularity indices (CVIs) were calculated at the same time points in both groups. Results CT and CVI measurements of four peripapillary quadrants displayed no significant difference at baseline and all-time points in both groups ( p > 0.05). In the study group, SFCT was found to be significantly lower (at 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h) than the baseline measurement ( p 0.05). No significant difference was found between the respective SFCT and subfoveal CVI measurements in the control group ( p > 0.05, for all). Conclusion Our study revealed that peripapillary choroidal thickness and CVI did not change following a cup of coffee intake, while subfoveal CT, LA, TCA, and CVI significantly decreased for at least 4 h.

To compare the anatomical, morphological, and functional outcomes of the conventional internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling versus temporal inverted ILM flap technique for large full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs).Sixty eyes of 60 patients with a minimum base diameter600 μm were included in this retrospective interventional study. Patients were divided into conventional ILM peeling (Group 1) and temporal inverted ILM flap (Group 2) groups. The hole closure rate, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ellipsoid zone (EZ), and external limiting membrane (ELM) defects were analyzed at baseline and 6 months after surgery.Hole closure was achieved in 24/32 (75.0%) cases of Group 1 and 27/28 (96.4%) cases of Group 2 (P = 0.029). The mean BCVA (logMAR) changed from 1.23 ± 0.47 to 0.70 ± 0.29 logMAR in Group 1 and from 1.03 ± 0.36 to 0.49 ± 0.24 logMAR in Group 2 at 6 months (P0.001 in both cases). U-shaped closure was observed in 5 (15.6%) eyes in Group 1 and 19 (67.9%) eyes in Group 2 (P0.001). The total restoration rates of ELM and EZ were significantly higher in the temporal inverted ILM flap group (P = 0.002, P = 0.001, respectively).The study results suggested that the FTMH closure rate, recovery of the outer retinal layers, and, consequently, the post-operative BCVA were better with the temporal inverted ILM flap technique than with the conventional ILM peeling for larger than 600 μm macular holes.

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of sutureless amniotic membrane transplantation using a soft bioavailable ring in the management of ocular surface disorders. METHODS We present a modified technique using a soft, special designed bioavailable ring set (Amnioring) for sutureless amniotic membrane fixation to the ocular surface. A fresh amniotic membrane with a diameter greater than the outside diameter of the ring was folded inwardly over the ring such that the inner side of the ring was covered with the amniotic membrane. The ring was inserted onto the ocular surface. RESULTS The ring was inserted in 4 eyes of 4 consecutive patients with ocular surface disorders. The mean total operating time was 3 min. The ring fixated the amniotic membrane to the bulbar conjunctiva and provided a quick and easy sutureless placement of amniotic membrane. In all cases, pain was significantly relieved. The corneal epithelial defect and inflammation were markedly reduced. CONCLUSIONS This novel ring designed for sutureless placement of amniotic membrane provided very good anatomic and functional outcomes in patients with ocular surface disorders. It is less invasive, less time consuming and allows placement in the office conditions with low cost.

To evaluate the relationship of tear osmolarity (TO) with tear meniscus curvature and contact angles by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in healthy subjects. The right eyes of 64 consecutive healthy subjects were included in the study. The eyes were scanned by AS-OCT for the measurements of upper and lower tear menisci. The geometrical components of the upper and lower menisci, including height, depth, area, and radius of the menisci, cornea-meniscus angle (α-angle), meniscus-eyelid angle (β-angle), and curvature angle (θ-angle) were measured. TO was obtained by TearLab. All participants were administered Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaires (OSDI), and tear film break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer I and II test measurements were also performed. There was no association of TO with height, depth, and area of both menisci while TO was negatively correlated to θ-angle and radius of the lower eyelid meniscus (r = − 0.41, P

Significance In this report, the authors present a case of a 63-year-old man with recurrent pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Macular edema was refractory to the treatments with periocular corticosteroid injection and topical anti-inflammatory medications. It was treated with subconjunctival bevacizumab (2.5 mg) injections. Purpose The purpose of this report was to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of repeated injections of subconjunctival bevacizumab in pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Case report A 63-year-old White man presented with ongoing blurred vision in his left eye 4 months after a complicated cataract surgery. Despite the administration of sub-Tenon triamcinolone in the first-month visit because of cystoid macular edema and the use of topical steroid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications during the 4 months, there was no change in his vision. The first subconjunctival bevacizumab injection was performed 16 weeks after cataract surgery. The best-corrected visual acuity was significantly improved, and central retinal thickness dramatically decreased after the first injection. Macular edema reoccurred 26 and 46 weeks after cataract surgery. At these relapses, repeated subconjunctival injections of bevacizumab were influential in resolving macular edema and restoration of vision, even in the chronic phase. After 6 months, visual acuity (20/20) and central retinal thickness (274 μm) were stable after four total injections. No drug-related adverse events were observed during the follow-up period. Conclusions The repeated subconjunctival injections of bevacizumab were effective and well tolerated in pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Subconjunctival bevacizumab may be a safe alternative to intravitreal applications in patients with pseudophakic cystoid macular edema.

Purpose To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the blood-count derived systemic immunoinflammatory parameters in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). Methods In this retrospective case-control study, the blood-count parameters and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), thyroid peroxidase antibody, and anti-thyroglobulin antibody were evaluated in 46 patients with TAO and 46 matched controls. The associations of the immunoinflammatory parameters with clinical outcomes were analyzed among TAO patients. Results Significant differences were found in NLR, PLR, SII, and lymphocyte count between the controls and the TAO group (p < 0.05 for all). In logistic regression analysis, these inflammatory parameters did not have any prognostic effect on the clinical outcomes of the TAO (p > 0.05 for all). The patients, who needed systemic treatment due to any ocular involvement of TAO during the follow-up period, had significantly lower platelet count (p = 0.001) and PLR (p = 0.02) at the time of initial diagnosis when compared to the no treatment-needed group of the TAO patients. The initial platelet count was significantly associated with the subsequent steroid need due to TAO during the follow-up period (β = −0.02, p = 0.03). Conclusions NLR, PLR, and SII may serve as potential inflammatory markers in the identification of the TAO, although they have no evident prognostic significance in TAO. However, the relatively lower platelet count at initial diagnosis may be associated with the need for systemic therapy during the follow-up in patients with TAO.

To compare the aqueous humor (AH) and serum levels of 4-hydroxynenal (4-HNE) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG) in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PES) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEG) with each other and with age- and sex-matched control group.This prospective study included 66 patients divided into three groups: PES (n = 24), PEG (n = 21), and a control group (n = 21). 4-HNE and 8-OhdG levels were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Aqueous and serum 4-HNE levels were significantly higher in the PEG (466.52 ± 62.12 pg/mL and 313.47 ± 47.41 pg/mL) and PES (290.69 ± 63.63 pg/mL and 201.53 ± 39.57 pg/mL) groups than the control group (144.02 ± 39.58 pg/mL and 99.10 ± 16.96 pg/mL; p 0.001, for all). Both aqueous and serum levels of 4-HNE in the PEG group were significantly higher than in the PES group (p 0.001, for both). Similar to 4-HNE, the AH 8-OhdG levels were higher in the PEG group (21.18 ± 2.23 ng/mL) compared to the PES (14.90 ± 3.37 ng/mL) and control (4.86 ± 1.94 ng/mL) groups (p 0.001, for all). Serum 8-OhdG levels were significantly higher in the PEG and PES groups than the control (p 0.001, for both); however, there was no significant difference between the PES and PEG groups (p = 0.097). There were strong significant correlations between the aqueous and serum levels of 4-HNE (p 0.001, r = 0.857) and 8-OhdG (p 0.001, r = 0.807) among all the patients.Aqueous humor and serum levels of 4-HNE and 8-OhdG increased in the PES and PEG patients. These findings are potentially significant and add to the growing body of evidence concerning oxidative stress in PES and PEG.

Purpose To evaluate the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). Methods Fifty-six patients with NAION and 60 age-sex matched healthy controls were included in the study. Demographic characteristics and laboratory findings of the patients and the controls were obtained from the electronic medical records. NLR, PLR, MLR, and SII were calculated and compared between the groups. Cutoff values were also determined. Results Neutrophil, monocyte and platelet counts were higher in the NAION group than in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p g 0.05). The mean NLR and SII were higher in the NAION group than in the control group (p = 0.004 and p = 0.011, respectively). In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the areas under the curve for NLR were 0.67, and NLR g1.79 predicted NAION with a sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 59%. The areas under the curve for SII was 0.66, and SII of g417 predicted NAION with a sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 49%. There was no significant difference in PLR and MLR between the groups (p = 0.105 and p = 0.347, respectively). Conclusions The current study demonstrated that NAION patients had increased NLR and SII levels compared with control subjects. Elevated NLR and SII might serve as readily available inflammatory predictors in NAION patients.

To evaluate the diagnostic capability of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in patients with potential diagnostic findings for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Ninety-three eyes with potential diagnostic findings for PCV were prospectively evaluated. Patients with multiple retinal pigment epithelial detachment (RPED), sharp RPED peak, RPED notch, hyporeflective lumen representing polyps, double-layer sign and the presence of hyperreflective intraretinal hard exudate were considered as PCV in SD-OCT. The sensitivity and specificity of SD-OCT in the diagnosis of PCV were determined by comparing SD-OCT-based diagnosis with indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). Sixty-nine (74.2%) of 93 eyes included in the study were confirmed with ICGA and diagnosed as PCV. The sensitivity and specificity of SD-OCT for the diagnosis of PCV were 75.3% and 75%, respectively. The SD-OCT-based method helps clinicians to develop appropriate diagnostic and treatment strategies for patients in whom ICGA cannot be used.

To compare the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) and choroidal thickness (CT) in smokers and healthy non-smoking subjects using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Forty-two smokers with no systemic disorders and 46 age-sex matched healthy volunteers were included in the study. SD-OCT was used to measure choroidal thickness at the fovea and 1500 µm intervals from the foveal centre in both nasal and temporal directions. Choroidal images were binarized and segmented to the luminal area (LA), stromal area (SA), and total choroidal area (TCA) using ImageJ software. The choroidal vascularity index was calculated as the ratio of LA to TCA. Smoking subjects were divided into three groups according to pack-year exposure: 10-20 pack-years, 20-30 pack-years, and30 pack-years. Subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between CT/CVI/LA/SA/TCA and pack-years.The mean age of the smokers and non-smokers was 43.1 ± 7.26 years and 41.82 ± 9.92 years, respectively (The CVI was significantly decreased in smokers compared to healthy controls. The study results suggest that the CVI could be a non-invasive tool for evaluating choroidal vascular changes in smokers.

WOS: 000527555900001 The purpose of this study was to evaluate the monocyte to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (MHR) in patients with arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (A-AION) and non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION). A total of 98 subjects were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups: 16 patients with A-AION regarded as group one; 41 patients with NA-AION regarded as group two and 41 healthy subjects regarded as the control group. The MHR was calculated in all participants and compared between the patient and control groups. The mean age of subjects with A-AION, NA-AION and the control group were 75.9 +/- 8.9 years, 67.1 +/- 9.2 years, and 66.6 +/- 6.7 years, respectively. Baseline clinical characteristics, such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension, were similar among groups. The mean MHR was significantly higher only in the A-AION group compared with the NA-AION and control group (p < .001), whereas there was no difference between NA-AION group and control group (p = .110). On receiver operating characteristic analysis, the area under the curve was 0.755, and the best cut- off value was 12.2 with a sensitivity of 72% and a specificity of 80%. An elevated MHR ratio is significantly associated with A-AION and MHR might be used to differentiate A-AION from NA-AION.

AIM: To evaluate the atherogenic indices and the relationship with visual acuity and bilateral sequential involvement in patients with non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). METHODS: A total of 65 patients with NAION and 48 age-sex matched healthy individuals were included in this retrospective study. The demographic characteristics and laboratory findings of the patients and control subjects were obtained from the electronic medical records. The atherogenic indices were calculated using the lipid parameters. The association between visual acuity, bilateral sequential involvement, and atherogenic indices was investigated. RESULTS: The mean age was 63.8±12.5y in the NAION group and 64.7±10.1y in control group (P=0.707). Although there were no significant differences in terms of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) between two groups (P=0.089, 0.091), all the non-traditional serum lipid ratios were significantly higher in NAION group (P20/200 (P=0.032, 0.025, 0.032, respectively). The values for the atherogenic indices were higher in NAION patients with bilateral sequential involvement in comparison to those with unilateral involvement (P=0.271, 0.127, 0.197, 0.128, 0.127, respectively). CONCLUSION: The study reveals a relationship between NAION and the non-traditional lipid ratios. Atherogenic indices may predict the visual loss severity and second eye involvement in patients with NAION.

Purpose To describe the occurence of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) associated with branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) secondary to polycythemia in a patient with tetralogy of Fallot. Methods Case report. Results A 30-year-old male presented with acute vision loss and superior visual deficit in his left eye for two days. His medical record had a tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Complete blood count showed red blood cell count of 9.88 million/uL (4.4-5.6), hemoglobin of 17.7 g/dL (13.5-16.9), and hematocrit of 65.4 % (40-49). The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in the left eye and a diagnosis of left inferotemporal branch retinal artery occlusion was made. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography revealed a characteristic hyperreflective band-like lesion on the inner nuclear layer consistent with PAMM. Conlusion Polycythemia may be a trigger for BRAO associated PAMM. We suggest a new precursor cause of PAMM which is previously undescribed.

To investigate the changes in the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) with age and to compare the effect of the binarised area on CVI in healthy eyes using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Two hundred and twenty-four eyes of 224 healthy subjects were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. The eyes were divided into different age groups to analyse the possible age-related choroidal structural changes. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), CVI, total choroidal area (TCA), stromal area (SA), luminal area (LA), and CVI within the central 1500 µm of the macula were analysed using enhanced depth imaging SD-OCT. The CVI was defined as the proportion of the LA to the TCA, and its values for the two binarised areas were compared (CVItotal vs. CVI1500). The mean age was 34.77 ± 20.97 (range: 5–70) years. The mean CVItotal was statistically lower (66.71 ± 2.58%) than the mean CVI1500 (67.54 ± 3.13%, p = 0.008) among all the healthy participants. TCA, LA, CVItotal, and CVI1500 were statistically higher in the ≤ 18-year-old group compared to the > 18-year-old group (p

WOS: 000532888800001 PubMed: 32409942 Purpose To evaluate the effects of loteprednol etabonate on cornea and tear film in patients with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods The right eyes of 52 subjects with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis were evaluated in the study. Central corneal thickness (CCT), the thicknesses of central corneal epithelium (CET) and central non-epithelial cornea (CnET), and lower and upper tear meniscus areas were measured by spectral-domain OCT and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) were obtained at baseline. After topical use of loteprednol etabonate 0.5% eye drop three times a day for 1 week, the measurements were repeated. Paired T test was used for analysis. Results Mean CCT and mean thicknesses of CET and CnET at baseline were 528.19 +/- 34.47 mu m, 64.10 +/- 5.30 mu m and 462.84 +/- 33.43 mu m, respectively, and these were 526.31 +/- 33.37 mu m, 64.65 +/- 4.84 mu m and 459.84 +/- 32.11 mu m after the treatment, respectively. OSDI score was 21.55 +/- 4.40 at baseline and 13.13 +/- 2.39 after 1 week. The lower and upper tear meniscus areas at baseline were 0.026 +/- 0.017 mm(2) and 0.017 +/- 0.007 mm(2), respectively, and they were 0.017 +/- 0.009 mm(2) and 0.016 +/- 0.007 mm(2), respectively, after the treatment. There is statistically significant difference between before and after values of CCT, CnET, lower tear meniscus area and OSDI score (p < 0.05). Conclusion There is no change in corneal epithelial thickness and upper tear meniscus area after 1-week treatment with loteprednol etabonate in patients with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, but it may cause decrease in non-epithelial corneal thickness and lower tear meniscus area.

Amaç: Retina ven dal tıkanıklığına sekonder maküla ödemi tedavisinde uygulanan intravitreal bevacizumab enjeksiyonun görme keskinliği ve maküla kalınlığı üzerine etkisini araştırmak.Gereç ve Yöntem: Retina ven dal tıkanıklığına bağlı maküler ödemi bulunan ve intravitreal bevacizumab enjeksiyonu uygulanan hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların enjeksiyon öncesi ve enjeksiyon sonrası takiplerindeki görme keskinliği (logMAR) ve tıkanıklığın bulunduğu kadrandaki maküler kalınlık değerleri kaydedilerek intravitreal bevacizumabın bu parametreler üzerindeki etkisi incelendi.Bulgular: 17’si erkek, 7’si kadın toplam 24 hastanın 24 gözü çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 59.1±7.7 idi. Enjeksiyon öncesi görme keskinliği ortalama 0.7±0.5 logMAR, maküler kalınlık değeri ortalama 489.7±129.6 µm olarak tespit edildi. Uygulanan ortalama enjeksiyon sayısı 1.5±0.7 idi. Enjeksiyon sonrası ortalama takip süresi 3.5±2.7 aydı. 1. Ayda görme keskinliği 0.5±0.1 logMAR, maküla kalınlığı 393.1±5.7 µm olarak tespit edildi. Hastaların son takiplerindeki görme keskinliği ortalama 0.26±0.28 logMAR, maküler kalınlık değeri ortalama 317.4±71.5 µm idi. Enjeksiyon sonucunda, ilk ve son kontroller arası görme keskinliğindeki artış ve maküla kalınlığındaki azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu. (p

WOS: 000389968800006 PubMed: 27810424 PURPOSE To assess the sensitivity and specificity of weight gain, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and neonatal retinopathy of prematurity (WINROP) algorithm to predict proliferative retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), in a Turkish population of preterm infants. METHODS The medical records of infants screened and monitored for ROP from 2007 to 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Birth weights of infants born before 32 weeks' gestation were recorded on the WINROP online database system weekly until postmenstrual week 36. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the WINROP algorithm were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 223 infants were included. WINROP yielded a low-risk result in 106 infants (48%) and a high-risk result (red alarm) in the remaining 117 infants (53%). The sensitivity of the WINROP online system was found to be 84.3% (27/32), whereas its specificity was found to be 52.8% (101/191). The time between the first alarm and treatment was 8.59 +/- 3.92 (2-15) weeks. Using this algorithm, 106 infants would not have needed eye examinations, possibly resulting in a 40% decrease in the total number of examinations. CONCLUSIONS The WINROP online system is a valuable and easy-to-use monitoring system that could decrease the number of infant ROP examinations.

Amaç: Retina ven dal tıkanıklığına sekonder maküla ödemi tedavisinde uygulanan intravitreal bevacizumab enjeksiyonun görme keskinliği ve maküla kalınlığı üzerine etkisini araştırmak.Gereç ve Yöntem: Retina ven dal tıkanıklığına bağlı maküler ödemi bulunan ve intravitreal bevacizumab enjeksiyonu uygulanan hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların enjeksiyon öncesi ve enjeksiyon sonrası takiplerindeki görme keskinliği (logMAR) ve tıkanıklığın bulunduğu kadrandaki maküler kalınlık değerleri kaydedilerek intravitreal bevacizumabın bu parametreler üzerindeki etkisi incelendi.Bulgular: 17’si erkek, 7’si kadın toplam 24 hastanın 24 gözü çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 59.1±7.7 idi. Enjeksiyon öncesi görme keskinliği ortalama 0.7±0.5 logMAR, maküler kalınlık değeri ortalama 489.7±129.6 µm olarak tespit edildi. Uygulanan ortalama enjeksiyon sayısı 1.5±0.7 idi. Enjeksiyon sonrası ortalama takip süresi 3.5±2.7 aydı. 1. Ayda görme keskinliği 0.5±0.1 logMAR, maküla kalınlığı 393.1±5.7 µm olarak tespit edildi. Hastaların son takiplerindeki görme keskinliği ortalama 0.26±0.28 logMAR, maküler kalınlık değeri ortalama 317.4±71.5 µm idi. Enjeksiyon sonucunda, ilk ve son kontroller arası görme keskinliğindeki artış ve maküla kalınlığındaki azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu. (p, Objective: The aim was to study the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVB), which is applied in macular edema treatment secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), on visual acuity and macular thickness.Material and method: The files of patients who has macular edema caused by branch retinal vein occlusion and who were applied intravitreal bevacizumab injection were studied retrospectively. Visual acuity (logMAR) in follow-ups of the patients before and after the injection and the macular thickness values of the quadrant of the occlusion were recorded and the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab on these parameters were analyzed.Results: 24 eyes of 24 patients, 17 of which are male and 7 of which are female, were included in the study. The mean age of the patients were 59.1±7.7. The mean visual acuity prior to the injection was determined to be 0.7±0.5 logMAR, and the mean macular thickness value 489.7±129.6µm. The mean injection number applied was 1.5±0.7. The mean follow-up time after the injection was 3.5±2.7 months. The mean macular thickness was determined to be 393.1±5.7µm and mean visual acuity was 0.5±0.1 logMAR in the 1st month. In the last follow-ups of the patients, the mean visual acuity was 0.26±0.28 logMAR and the mean macular thickness value was 317.4±71.5 µm. The increase in visual acuity and the decrease between first and last control after the injection was found statistically significant (p