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Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the length of the protruded screws from the dorsal cortex and extensor tendon damage in all compartments. Patients and methods: Between May 2020 and April 2021, a total of 29 patients (13 males, 16 females; mean age: 52.3±13.0 years; range, 30 to 78 years) who were operated and followed in our clinic for AO A2 and A3 distal radius fractures were included in this prospective study. Surface ultrasound (US) imaging was made to the dorsal sides of both wrists of the operated patients at different timepoints postoperatively. The length of screws with radius dorsal cortex penetration and the presence of tendinitis were recorded. Results: In 15 of 23 patients, the presence of 29 protruding screws was accompanied by tendinitis and, in eight patients, no tendinitis was observed, despite the partial protrusion of screws. A statistically significant correlation was found between the screw protrusion and presence of tendinitis (p1.6 mm and the presence tendinitis (p1.6 mm. Screw penetration can be easily identified with intraoperative US to prevent tendinitis and potential tendon ruptures. Q4 WOS:000955617600016 36700271

The clinical and radiological findings of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) can mimic breast carcinoma and several benign inflammatory breast diseases. The ultrasonographic (US) findings are important for the diagnosis. The purpose of our study was to discuss the radiological findings of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis and to analyze the socioeconomic status of patients to contribute to the etiology. A total of 93 patients with histopathological diagnosis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis were included in the study. We recorded the radiological findings, the frequencies of involving quadrants, accompanying abscess, body mass index (BMI), breastfeeding history, number and age of children, and information indicating socioeconomic status such as monthly income, education level, and living area. Ultrasonography showed tubular hypoechoic masses in all breasts, cutaneous fistula in 50% breasts, abscess formation in 40.6%, and axillary lymphadenopathy in 40.6%. Doppler ultrasonography, mammography (MG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were nonspecific. According to the survey forms, 94.1% of the patients had moderate-low socioeconomic status; 80% of them lived in small towns, rural, or suburbs. Patients who had at least one child that is 6 years old or younger were 78.8% of all. As a result, the sonographic findings together with the information of anamnesis suggest us the diagnosis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. We particularly evaluated socioeconomic status. We think that low socioeconomic status may disrupt immunity as a stress factor and initiate idiopathic granulomatous mastitis due to the autoimmune background of the disease.

Backgrounds Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is one of the most common complication of cardiac surgery. Epicardial fat tissue may play a role in the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study was to evaluate relationship between epicardial fat volume (EFV) and the appearance of new-onset AF in patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with normal echocardiographic functions. Methods Between January 2017 and June 2020, 281 coronary artery disease patients undergone isolated CABG surgery with normal echocardiographic functions were included in the study. Patient characteristics, medical history, and perioperative variables were retrospectively collected. Patients with AF predisposition factors were excluded. Results Sixty-seven patients (23.8%) developed postoperatively AF during hospital stay. In univariate analysis, patients with postoperative AF were older compared with sinus rhythm patients (60.78 ± 9.03 vs. 65.46 ± 9.22, p = 0.001). There are no statistically significant differences between groups and EFV compared (107.78 ± 41.04 vs. 106.66 ± 34.98 p = 0.84). Large left atrial diameter, female patient, cardiopulmonary bypass and longer cross-clamp time showed correlation between POAF without statistical significance. Conclusion Aging is the only associated factor with AF in this study. There was no EFV difference between POAF and non-AF groups in patients undergoing isolated CABG with normal echocardiographic functions.

Introduction: Central precocious puberty (CPP) is defined as the development of secondary sexual characteristics in girls before the age of 8 years due to the activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, and long-acting GnRH analogues (GnRHa) are used in its standard treatment. The gold standard method for evaluating the efficiency of treatment is to demonstrate the suppression of the LH response with the GnRH stimulation test. Pelvic ultrasonography (US) is an easily accessible, safe, free of ionizing radiation and non-invasive imaging method, which is used for the evaluation of internal genital organs, monitoring of sexual development, and excluding ovarian mass. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of GnRHa treatment on internal genital organs and to determine the role of pelvic ultrasonography in treatment follow-up. Material and Method: Between January 2017 and May 2021, 50 girls who were started on GnRHa treatment due to the diagnosis of CPP or rapidly progressing puberty were followed up, and who underwent pelvic US imaging at the beginning of treatment and in the 1st year of treatment were included in the study. The clinical and sonographic findings were compared before and after the treatment. Results: Of the 50 patients in the study, 52% (n=26) were being followed up with CPP, and 48% (n=24) with rapidly progressive puberty. In the first year of GnRHa treatment, while the suppression of the HPG axis was detected in 82% (n=41) of the cases with the GnRHa test, there was no suppression in 18% (n=9). A decrease in ovarian volume was observed in 73.2% (n=30) of 41 patients with suppression of the HPG axis, a decrease in uterine volume in 65.9% (n=27), and a decrease in uterine anterior-posterior size in 61% (n=25). While endometrial thickness could be measured in 64% (n=32) of the cases before treatment, measurable endometrial thickness was detected in only 6% (n=3) of the cases in the 1st year of treatment. Conclusion: We detected in this study that GnRHa treatment in girls with a diagnosis of CPP/rapid puberty caused a significant regression in ovarian and uterus dimensions and endometrial echo selectability. Our results, in line with the literature, support that pelvic ultrasonography is an appropriate modality for monitoring the suppression of the HPG axis during CPP treatment and may reduce the need for repeated GnRH stimulation tests.

[Abstract Not Available] WOS:000696302600672

Objectives The tendon of the palmaris longus is commonly used as a tendon graft in many reconstructive surgeries. Palmaris longus absence (PLA) was found in 15% among individuals worldwide. In this prospective study, we aimed to conduct an incidence study in which physical examination methods were confirmed by ultrasonography in PLA, and to evaluate the relationship of absence with age, gender, laterality and dominant hand. Methods The study included 490 cases. They were initially tested to evaluated by physical examination using the Schaeffer's and Hiz-Ediz test for the assessment of the palmaris longus tendon. Additional ultrasonography was performed to confirm its absence in 129 wrists of 78 cases whose tendons could not be visualized or palpated. Results The incidence of tendon absence was 13% by physical examination methods. According to the final results when we added ultrasonography to physical examination methods, the incidence of unilateral, bilateral and overall absence of the palmaris longus were 5%, 9% and 11% respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between individuals with and without PLA in terms of gender, side, age and dominant hand (p = 0.796, p = 0.622, p = 0.397 and p = 0.187, respectively). However, bilateral PLA was statistically significantly higher than unilateral in both genders (p = 0.011). Conclusions We think that agenesis should be proven accurately by ultrasonographic examination for the final result before any surgical procedure with palmaris longus tendon. Furthermore measuring the diameter of the palmaris longus tendon by preoperative ultrasonography can be useful for surgeons who plan a procedure that requires specific measurements. WOS:000582827900001 2-s2.0-85094210936 PubMed: 33123771

Background and Aims Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) is a marker of cardiovascular risk factor associated with oxidative stress. In this study, our aim was to determine oxidative stress status in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and to evaluate its relationship with total renal volume. Method Seventy-two ADPKD (mean age 52 (41-64) years) and 33 healthy controls (mean age 54 (42-62) years) (P= 0.372) were included in the study. Total Oxidant Level (TOS) and Total Antioxidant Level (TAS) were measured using the colorimetric method. Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) was calculated. IMA level was measured by ELISA. Total renal volume was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. The relationship between oxidative stress, inflammation and renal volume was evaluated by correlation analysis. P values Results Serum IMA level was higher in the patient group (158.46 ng/ml (85.98-246.70)) than in the control group (70.04 ng/ml (50.40-80.02); (P< 0.001). TOS level and OSI rate were significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group, and TAS level was not different between the two groups (P< 0.001, P< 0.001, P= 0.576, respectively).Correlation analysis was performed between IMA, TAS and TOS levels, OSI rate and kidney volume. IMA level correlated with TOS level and OSI positively (P< 0.001), but there was no correlation between IMA level and TAS level and renal volume (P= 0.550, P= 0.286, respectively). IMA level was negatively correlated with GFR and positively correlated with proteinuria (P= 0.040, P< 0.001, respectively). There was no correlation between total renal volume and IMA, TAS, CRP and proteinuria. The correlation between volume and GFR and TOS level was borderline negative (P= 0.054, P= 0.051, respectively). Conclusion There is an increased level of oxidative stress in ADPKD. Increased IMA level may show oxidative stress in this population. Total renal volume in ADPKD is associated with loss of renal function but not sufficient to show oxidative stress.

BACKGROUND: Shoulder involvement is frequently observed in chronic renal disease (CRD) and hemodialysis patients. OBJECTIVE: Our aim is to compare shoulder Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings of stage 4 CRD patients naive to dialysis, hemodialysis patients and healthy controls. METHODS: Twenty hemodialysis patients with shoulder pain (Group 1), 30 hemodialysis patients without shoulder pain (Group 2), 20 patients with stage 4 CRD (Group 3) and 30 healthy controls (Group 4) were enrolled. Urea, creatinine and beta 2 microglobulin were measured. Thickness, homogeneity and integrity of rotator cuff and presence of effusion were examined by MRI. RESULTS: Supraspinatus tendon was thicker in Group 1 compared to other groups, whereas infraspinatus tendon was thicker in Group 1 compared to Groups 2 and 4. Although all tendons thickness was higher in Group 3 than Group 4, there was no significant difference. Most effusion areas were present in Group 1, followed by Groups 2 and 3. There was a significant correlation between glomerular filtration rate and thickness of supraspinatus, infraspinatus tendons and between beta 2 microglobulin and thickness of infraspinatus, subscapularis tendons and total number of areas with effusion. CONCLUSIONS: Increased shoulder tendon thickness and effusion were detected in symptomatic dialysis patients, while greater effusion areas were detected in asymptomatic dialysis patients and in stage 4 CRD patients who do not require dialysis compared to healthy controls. WOS:000522151500002 2-s2.0-85078119924 PubMed: 31450486

Purpose: The decrease in kidney functions in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is strongly correlated with the severity and growth of kidney cysts. Total kidney volume (TKV) was shown to be an early marker of the severity of the disease and a predictor of reduction in kidney functions. New treatment approaches for ADPKD have led to a need for easily applicable strong biomarkers predicting progression of the disease. The profibrotic mediator of galectin-3 (Gal-3) is linked to development of renal fibrosis. Methods: The study included 74 patients with ADPKD diagnosis and 40 healthy controls. The TKV of patients was calculated using the manual tracing method on MR images. The serum Gal-3 levels of patient and healthy control groups were measured with the ELISA method. The correlations between serum Gal-3 value with TKV and kidney function were assessed in patients. Results: As the stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) increased, serum Gal-3 and TKV values increased (p < 0.001, p = 0.049, respectively). Correlation analysis found a negative relationship between serum Gal-3 levels and eGFR (r: ? 0.515, p < 0.001); however, there was no relationship between serum Gal-3 and TKV (r = 0.112, p = 0.344). Linear regression analysis showed the major parameter affecting Gal-3 was eGFR (p = 0.016). Conclusions: In our study, we showed that renal impairment is an important determinant of Gal-3, and there is no correlation of Gal-3 and TKV in ADPKD. As a result, there is an urgent clinical need for new biomarkers to identify individuals with the chance of treatment in the early stage among ADPKD patients. © 2019, Springer Nature B.V. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi, ESOGU: 2017-11044 Funding Supported by Eskisehir Osmangazi University Scientific Research Project. Project number: 2017-11044. 2-s2.0-85064590087 PubMed: 31012038

Purpose: Our aim is to define the sonographic criteria for assessing involved axillary nodes and to evaluate the accuracy of axillary ultrasound in the staging workup of individuals with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: 35 patients with breast cancer were prospectively evaluated with preoperative ultrasonography (US) to determine the presence of axillary lymph node metastasis. We determined whether there was axillary lymph node metastasis after axillary lymph node dissection or sentinel lymph node biopsy. If metastasis was found, the number of metastatic lymph nodes was recorded and compared with preoperative axillary US findings using histopathological evaluation as a reference. Results: Metastatic lymph node detection in sonographic evaluation was associated with echogenic hilus obliteration, complete hypoechoic or anechoic appearance of lymph nodes, and asymmetric/nodal or diffuse cortical thickening greater than 3.8 mm. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of US were calculated as (20/22) 91 percent, (10/13) 77 percent, (20/23) 87 percent, and (10/12) 83 percent, respectively. Conclusion: Ultrasonography examination is a valuable method for evaluating the axilla in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients and provides valuable information for planning proper breast cancer management. © 2016 The Author(s).

WOS: 000391751500009 BACKGROUND: Shoulder pain is frequently observed in haemodialysis patients. OBJECTIVE: To compare haemodialysis patients with or without shoulder pain in terms of shoulder motion ranges, beta 2 microglobulin levels and magnetic resonance imaging findings. METHODS: Forty-three patients undergoing dialysis were enrolled, of which 23 patients had explicit shoulder pain at night, which appeared during dialysis. Range of joint motion was evaluated. beta 2 microglobulin value was recorded. MRI was used to evaluate rotator cuff tendons for thickness, homogeneity, integrity and presence of effusion. RESULTS: Ranges of motion were significantly lower in the painful shoulder group. Supraspinatus tendon thickness and the number of areas with effusion were higher in the painful group. There was a positive correlation between the beta 2 microglobulin level and supraspinatus (r:0.352 p < 0.05) and subscapular (r:0.454 p < 0.05) tendon thicknesses. While effusion areas and pain (r:0.351 p < 0.05) showed positive correlation, there was a negative correlation between pain and shoulder motion ranges. CONCLUSIONS: Shoulder pain in dialysis patients can be related with tendon thickness and effusion. While the beta 2 microglobulin level affects tendon thickness, it has no relation to pain and movement constraint.

Background: Hydatid disease can involve any part of the body, but the liver is the most frequently affected organ. Intrabiliary rupture is one of the most serious complications of a hepatic hydatid cyst. Radiological findings, especially magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRI/MRCP), are helpful in the diagnosis of hydatid disease. Case Report: We present a 48-year-old female patient with complaints of abdominal pain and jaundice. Radiological examination showed a heterogeneous lesion that contained cystic-solid components and millimetric calcifications in the liver. Adjacent intrahepatic bile ducts were dilated. Conclusions: In geographical areas endemic for hydatid disease, cyst rapture into the bile ducts should be included in the differential diagnosis even in seronegative cases, although it is not typical for hydatid cyst to be found as a mass lesion in the liver on US in patients with right upper quadrant pain and jaundice.Detailed imaging by MRI/MRCP should be done. © Pol J Radiol.

Aims: Hyperechoic/echo-rich periportal cuffing (ErPC) is defined as an increase in echogenicity relative to the adjacent liver parenchyma. Thickening in the periportal area may occur with proliferation of bile ducts, hemorrhage, oedema, fibrosis, inflammatory changes or a combination of these. The aim of this study is to determine which intraabdominal inflammatory diseases arc associated with the presence of ErPC in the pediatric population and to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of this finding. Material and methods: In this prospective study 200 consecutive children who underwent abdominal ultrasonography (US) were included: group 1, the patient group (100 children with appendicitis, gastroenteritis, mesenteric lymphadenitis, intestinal infection, terminal ileitis and imagination as cause of intra-abdominal inflanunation) and group 2, the control group (100 children). Results: The ErPC was positive in 74 (74%) cases in the patient group and in 3 (3%) in the control group. According to final diagnoses, we found ErPC in most of patients with gastroenteritis (16/17), perforated appendicitis (10/11), mesenteric lymphadenitis (5/6) and acute appendicitis (27/37). The sensitivity of ErPC in indicating intra-abdominal inflammation was 0.80 and its specificity was 0.87. No significant correlation between ErPC and age, gender and CRP was found but a moderate and significant positive correlation between ErPC and WBC (p=0.010; r=0.255) was detected. Very good concordance between observers in terms of the presence of ErPC on abdominal US was found (concordance 97% and kappa 0.93). Conclusions: We consider that the presence of ErPC in pediatric patients, when evaluated alongside clinical and laboratory findings, has a high sensitivity and specificity for inflammatory intra-abdominal pathology. WOS:000484121500003 2-s2.0-85071759007 PubMed: 31476200

Amacımız, porselen kese zemininde skuamöz hücreli safra kesesi kanseri olgumuzun radyolojik bulgularınıve literatür eşliğinde safra kesesi kanserlerine yaklaşımı gözden geçirmektir. Safra kesesi kanserlerigastrointestinal tümörlerin 5. sıklıkta görülen, safra yollarının ise en sık görülen maligniteleridir. 6. dekad vesonrasında, kadınlarda daha sık gözlenmektedir. Çoğu asemptomatik olmakla beraber semptomatik olanlargenellikle sağ üst kadran ağrısı, sarılık, kilo kaybı semptomları ile başvururlar. Görüntüleme bulguları sıklıksırasına göre; kese lojunu dolduran kitle, fokal ya da diffüz duvar kalınlaşması ve luminal kitledir. En sıkgörülen tip (%85 üzeri) adenokarsinomdur. Geri kalanlar skuamöz/adenoskuamöz, undiferansiye ve diğerbaşlığı altında toplanabilir. Genellikle geç tanı konması sebebiyle prognoz kötüdür. Olguların çoğununasemptomatik olması, semptomatik olanların diğer benign safra yolu hastalıkları ile benzerlikgöstermesinden dolayı tanı gecikmektedir. Görüntüleme bulgularının iyi yorumlanması, klinik hikaye ilebirleştirilerek erken tanı konması, prognozu kötü olan bu kanser tipinde sağkalıma katkı sağlayacaktır., Our goal is to review gallbladder cancer (GBC) approach accompanied by radiological findings of the case ofthsquamous cell gallbladder cancer on the basis of porcelain gallbladder and the literature. GBC is the 5 mostcommon gastrointestinal tumors and the most common malignancy of the bile ducts. GBC observed after the6. decades and more frequently seen among females. Although most cases of asymptomatic, symptomaticones are usually refers with right upper quadrant pain, jaundice and weight loss. Imaging findings in order offrequency are the mass that fills the gallbladder fossa, focal or diffuse thickening of the wall and luminalpolypoid mass. The most common type is adenocarcinoma (above 85%). The rest can be grouped under thetitle of squamous/adenosquamous, undifferentiated and the others. The diagnosis delayed, because most ofthe cases are asymptomatic and the symptomatic ones have similarities with other benign biliary tractdiseases. Generally, the prognosis is poor due to late diagnosis. With good interpretation of imaging findingsand combined with the clinical story, early diagnosis should be made and it will be contribute to the survivalin this type of poor prognosis cancer.

Background: Jejunal diverticulosis is a rare, usually asymptomatic disease. Its incidence increases with age. If symptomatic, diverticulosis may cause life-threatening acute complications such as diverticulitis, perforation, intestinal hemorrhage and obstruction. In this report, we aimed to present a 67-yearold male patient with jejunal diverticulitis accompanying with abdominal pain and vomiting. Case Report: A 67-year-old male patient complaining of epigastric pain for a week and nausea and fever for a day presented to our emergency department. Ultrasonographic examination in our clinic revealed diverticulum-like images with thickened walls adjacent to the small intestine loops, and increase in the echogenicity of the surrounding mesenteric fat tissue. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography showed multiple diverticula, thickened walls with showing contrast enhancement and adjacent jejunum in the left middle quadrant, increased density of the surrounding mesenteric fat tissue, and mesenteric lymph nodes. The patient was hospitalized by general surgery department with the diagnosis of jejunal diverticulitis. Conservative intravenous fluid administration and antibiotic therapy were initiated. Clinical symptoms regressed and the patient was discharged from hospital after 2 weeks. Conclusions: In cases of diverticulitis it should be kept in mind that in patients with advanced age and pain in the left quadrant of the abdomen, diverticular disease causing mortality and morbidity does not always originate from the colon but might also originate from the jejunum. © Pol J Radiol, 2015.

PURPOSE: This study aims to evaluate the analysis and publication rates of abstracts presented at the Turkish National Radiology meetings in 2010–2012. METHODS: Abstracts presented in the national radiology meetings of 2010, 2011, and 2012 were included in the study. The presentations were classified according to presentation type (oral or poster presentations), study type, study design, imaged organ or body systems, imaging modalities, time interval between the presentation and the publication date, and the journal in which the article was published. The conversion rate of presentations into full-text articles in peer-reviewed journals were surveyed through PubMed. The time from presentation in the meetings to publication was determined. The distribution of journals was also demonstrated. RESULTS: The total number of presentations submitted in three national radiology meetings was 3,192. The publication rate was 11% for the 2010 meeting, 8.2% for the 2011 meeting, and 9.6% for the 2012 meeting. A total of 300 papers were published, with an average of 15 months (range, 0–42 months) between presentation and final publication. The first three refereed international journals with the most number of papers derived from these meetings were Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinical Imaging, and European Journal of Radiology. CONCLUSION: The overall publication rate of scientific abstracts from Turkey was lower than those from overseas countries. Encouraging the authors to conduct higher-quality research would raise the publication rate as well as improve the quality and success of our scientific meetings. © Turkish Society of Radiology 2015