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AIM: Our aim is to evaluate the role of flatness of index of Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) with early hypovolemic shock in blunt torso trauma patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: In the computed tomography (CT) scan, patients with flatness index below 2 were considered as flat IVC patients, and those with 2 or more were considered as non-flattened IVC patients. Demographic data, comorbidities, trauma mechanism, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), lactate level, base excess, shock index (SI), clinical outcomes within 24 hours, and mortality of the flat IVC patients and non-flattened IVC patients were compared. RESULTS: 116 (30.6%) were found to have a flat IVC and 263 (69.4%) patients were found to have a non-flattened IVC. There was no significant difference between flat IVC patients and non-flattened IVC patients in terms of age, gender, comorbidity, and trauma mechanism (p>0.05). Flat IVC patients had a higher SI of 0.9 and above (p

BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an important human rights problem faced by one in three women worldwide. The aim of this study is to evaluate the demographic, trauma, and radiological characteristics of patients admitted to a tertiary emergency department due to IPV. METHODS: Sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, education level, and marital status), trauma characteristics (severity, type, and location), radiological imaging findings (radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging) of patients diagnosed with IPV were evaluated. RESULTS: In the study, 1225 patients were evaluated, and 98.7% of them were women (mean age 35 [IQR: 17] years). Of the patients, 63.1% were high school and university graduates. The rate of married women was 74.6%. No relationship was found between gender, age, educational status, and marital status (p>0.05). Most of the traumas were minor (85.4%) and blunt (81.9%) trauma, and the most common types of trauma were kicking (49.9%) and punching (47.3%). It was found that the most frequently affected areas of the patients were the head and neck (76.7%), and the frequency of pelvic trauma was high in male patients (p

BACKGROUND Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is of profound importance concerning prognosis and treatment among children with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Measurements of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) are one of the methods recommended for ICP monitoring. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation of ONSD change in brain computed tomography (CT) with pediatric Glasgow Coma Score (pGCS) in the follow-up of pediatric cases with TBI, and also to evaluate the usability of the ONSD, which is the indicator of ICP. METHODS The data of 921 pediatric patients who were admitted to the emergency department with head injury between January 2016 and January 2018 were retrospectively evaluated in this study. Age, gender, trauma type, brain CT finding, pGCS, type of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and isolated skull fracture (ISF) were investigated. The patients were evaluated in three groups based on CT findings: (i) patients with parenchymal brain injury, (ii) patients with ISF, and (iii) patients with normal brain CT results. The measurements of ONSD were performed using CT. Whether the ONSD measurement results of the patients were compatible with the clinical data was investigated. RESULTS The median age of the patients was 36 months (interquartile range [IQR] = 64) and 64.2% were male. The ONSD values and pGCSs of the patients with parenchymal injury were found to be significantly higher than patients with ISF and normal brain CT findings (p

Levrek larvalarında 0-42. günler arasında yoğun yetiştiricilik koşulları altında ağız boşluğunda çeneye ait elementlerin kıkırdak ve kemik gelişimleri incelenmiştir. Örnekler çalışma boyunca üç günde bir olacak şekilde elde edilmiş ve çalışma canlı yeminkesilmesi ile sonlanmıştır. Elde edilen örnekler formalinde sabitlendikten sonra alcian mavisi ve alizarin kırmızısı ile boyandı. Yumurtadan çıkan larvada ağza ait bir osteolojik oluşum tespit edilmemiştir. İlk oluşan element 3,8 mm total boyda (TB) Meckel’s kıkırdağıdır. Bu oluşumu 4,6 mm TB’da trabecular bar, palato-quadrate ve hyosymplectic takip eder. 5,4 mm TB’da basibranchial, hyoid bar, maksillary ve branchial sepet oral boşluğun altında meydana gelmiştir. 7,9 mm TB’da dişe ait yapıların ilk işareti olan premaksillary oluşumu gözlenmiştir. 11,4 mm TB’da premaksillary ve dentary kıkırdak yapıda olup henüz kemikleşme başlamamış olup her ikisinde de bir sıra diş tespit edilmiştir. 15,8 mm TB’da premaksillary ve dentarynin uç bölgelerinde kemikleşme başlamıştır. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar diğer teleostlar ile karşılaştırılmış ve benzer bulgulara rastlanmıştır., Osteological development of jaw in cultured european seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax L. 1758) larvae. The development of the jaw, where is in oral cavity, in European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax, (L. 1758), larvae was examined from 1 to 42 days post-hatching during the early ontogeny under well-defined intensive environmental culture conditions. During the study, specimens were examined on per 3 days until the end of weaning. Preparation techniques included fixation in formalin, trypsin clearing and staining with alcian blue and alizarin red S. At hatching, D. labrax were devoid of any cephalic elements in oral cavity. At 3.8 mm total length (TL), Meckel’s cartilage appeared first. At 4.6 mm TL, the trabecular bars, palato-quadrate and the ethmoid plate showed. At 5.4 mm TL, hyoid bar, maxillary, basibranchial and branchial basket constituted the bottom of the oral cavity. At 7.9 mm TL, the first signs of dentaries were presented as the premaxillary. At 11.4 mm TL, there were no sign of ossification on the premaxillary and the dentary. At 15.8 mm TL, tip of the premaxillary and the dentary were start of ossification while the cartilaginous structures continue to regress. The development pattern of jaw in oral cavity found in D. labrax is quite similar to that described for other Sparid species.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of deviation and the sizes of nasal turbinates and the septal body (SB) on each side separately and to compare the 2 sides, and to evaluate if there is a correlation between SB size and middle and inferior turbinate (IT) sizes on each side. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was made of paranasal computerized tomography scans obtained randomly from the database. Computerized tomography was performed at 120 kVp and 100 mA with 2 mm slice thickness. The study comprised 199 paranasal computerized tomography scans on each of which the width of the SB, the degree of deviation, and the width of the inferior and middle turbinates (MTs) were measured on each side separately. RESULTS In cases of moderate and severe deviation, the sizes of the SB, the MT, and IT contralateral to the deviation were statistically significantly larger than those on the ipsilateral side (P < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between SB size and the MT and IT sizes in each nasal cavity. CONCLUSIONS The SB is a dynamic structure and may play a role in regulation of nasal airflow.

Levrek larvalarında 0-42. günler arasında yoğun yetiştiricilik koşulları altında ağız boşluğunda çeneye ait elementlerin kıkırdak ve kemik gelişimleri incelenmiştir. Örnekler çalışma boyunca üç günde bir olacak şekilde elde edilmiş ve çalışma canlı yeminkesilmesi ile sonlanmıştır. Elde edilen örnekler formalinde sabitlendikten sonra alcian mavisi ve alizarin kırmızısı ile boyandı. Yumurtadan çıkan larvada ağza ait bir osteolojik oluşum tespit edilmemiştir. İlk oluşan element 3,8 mm total boyda (TB) Meckel’s kıkırdağıdır. Bu oluşumu 4,6 mm TB’da trabecular bar, palato-quadrate ve hyosymplectic takip eder. 5,4 mm TB’da basibranchial, hyoid bar, maksillary ve branchial sepet oral boşluğun altında meydana gelmiştir. 7,9 mm TB’da dişe ait yapıların ilk işareti olan premaksillary oluşumu gözlenmiştir. 11,4 mm TB’da premaksillary ve dentary kıkırdak yapıda olup henüz kemikleşme başlamamış olup her ikisinde de bir sıra diş tespit edilmiştir. 15,8 mm TB’da premaksillary ve dentarynin uç bölgelerinde kemikleşme başlamıştır. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar diğer teleostlar ile karşılaştırılmış ve benzer bulgulara rastlanmıştır

Portal venous aneurysms are very rare entities, which are described as focal dilatations of the portal venous system. There are two types: intrahepatic and extrahepatic. Portal hypertension is the most important etiologic factor in the development of portal vein aneurysm. In this case report, ultrasonography, color Doppler ultrasonography and magnetic resonance angiography findings of two cases with portal vein aneurysms and portal hypertension are presented and correlated with the literature. Consequently, color Doppler ultrasonography in the demonstration of portal vein aneurysm is highlighted.