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Lutjanus or snappers usually known as economical fish in Indonesia and worldwide. This research aims to observe the different phylogeography correlation of Lutjanus bengalensis in Indonesia Waters and South China Sea used COI gene marker. The primary data collected from fish port Pulo Aceh, Indonesia (5 sequences), while the population of others region such as Bali (3 sequences) and Maluku (3 sequences) was retrieved from NCBI GenBank. South China Sea represented by sampled from Taiwan (3 sequences) and Hongkong (3 sequences) that also retrieved from NCBI Genbank. In total 17 sequences were analysed the diversity of haplotypes 0-1 and the diversity of nucleotide 0-0.030. Based on this researched data, it will become basic data for spesies management for Lutjanus bengalensis in Indonesia.

Mahseers (Cyprinidae) is one of the most important freshwater fish in Southeast Asia. This fish is being a consumption fish, ornamental and sport fishing. Mahseers can grow up to more than 30 kg. Therefore, this species is called The King of The River. This paper reviewed some aspects of this interesting fish. A total of 54 papers have been reviewed where some of the papers come from our Ichthyos Research Group, Universitas Syiah Kuala. There are 50 species of mahseer throughout the world, where 20 species of which are found in Asia. Indonesia has four species of mahseer, namely; Tor tambra, T. tambroides, T. duorenensis, and T. soro, of which two species, T. tambra and T. tambroides are found in Aceh province. Between the two species, T. tambra has a wide distribution. The original habitat of the mahseer fish waters with speed currents, clear water, high dissolved oxygen, and low water temperatures. In the wild, mahseers migrate upstream for spawning during periods of high flooding in the early rainy season. The spawning occurs one or two months at the place that is inundated during floods. Mahseer is omnivorous, they fed on mollusks, aquatic plants, small fish, insects to fruits that grow on the banks of rivers. Mahseer fish in rearing ponds are often attacked by Lernea sp., Argulus sp., Trichodina sp., and Bothriocephalus acheilognathi worms

The peacock hind grouper (Cephalopholis argus) is among several highly exploited grouper fishes globally. Categorized as least concern (LC) in the IUCN, biological data on the species is limited, especially in the Aceh region. This research targeted to investigate the biological features of the C. argus fished on the northern coast of Aceh. The fish samples were collected from Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera (PPS) Lampulo, Kuta Alam District, Banda Aceh, Aceh from June - September 2020. Overall, 30 specimens C. argus were compiled in this study. The total length (TL) varied between 136.0-284.0 mm, while weight (W) ranged between 46.5-460.0 g. In addition, Fulton's condition (K) ranged from 1.45-4.61, and relative weight (Wr) ranged from 81.75-128.53 g. The LWRs analysis revealed a b value of 3.1329 with a correlation coefficient of 0.94, indicating a positive allometric growth pattern. This study provides length-weight relationships (LWR) and condition factors value for the peacock hind grouper that will assist in building a feasible management of the fish.

To determine the effects of Terminalia catappa extract (TCE) immersion on the survival and hematological profile of Betta sp, a group of fish was immersed in 500 ppm TCE and compared with the control group. After three days of immersion, survival, leukocyte (WBC), erythrocyte (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), platelet (PLT), and differential leukocyte counts were compared between the two groups. Surviving fish from each group were then divided into three subgroups: subgroup without injection; subgroup injected with normal saline; subgroup injected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Survival, WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct, PLT, the percentage and number of lymphocyte, monocyte, and granulocytes post injection were evaluated for 48 h. The results showed that the survival of immersed fish was significantly higher than that in the control. No significant differences in the hematological profile were noted between the control and the immersed fish. The WBC of control subgroup (A. hydrophila injection) was significantly increased after 24 h. The fish immersed and injected with A. hydrophila had the highest PLT. The number of lymphocytes of all subgroups of fish was stable while the percentage of monocytes and granulocytes of the subgroups of immersed fish were increased. This finding suggested that 500 ppm of TCE is beneficial for improving survival, blood profile, and resistance to A. hydrophila.

Barramundi, Lates calcarifer is one of the commercial fish in Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries. The species inhabits the coastal waters and is vulnerable to changes in the terrestrial environment due to coastal degradation, pollution, and global warming. The increase in temperature as a consequence of global warming affects the distribution and survival of aquatic organisms including fish. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of increasing water temperatures on the physiological conditions and gill histology of barramundi. The fish were exposed to eight levels of water temperature, ranging from 28oC to 35oC, for 15 days. The initial temperature was 28oC, which increased gradually by 1oC per 12-hour. Blood samples were taken at the end of the experiment for hemoglobin, glucose, cortisol, erythrocytes, leucocytes, and blood abnormality analyses. Gill samples were also taken for histological analysis. The results showed that water temperature significantly affected the level of glucose, cortisol, and erythrocyte cells (P<0.05), but did not influence hemoglobin levels and survival rate (P>0.05). A rapid increase in glucose and cortisol levels was also discovered at a temperature of 31oC above. The highest erythrocyte cell count was found at 35oC, gill cell abnormalities were occurred at temperature of 31 oC and above, and the blood abnormalities increased linearly with water temperature. Based on these results, it is concluded that the water temperature did not affect the survival rate but the increase in temperature causes intense physiological stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high mortality of eels larvae usually occurs during the acclimatization process before growth, probably due to the unsuitable feed intake. Therefore, this study aimed to find suitable natural feed for tropical shortfin eel Anguilla bicolor larvae. The complete randomized experimental design with four treatments and four replications was used. Four natural feeds were tested, namely bloodworm Tubifex sp., golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata, sardine fish Decaptersus macarellus, and sergestid shrimp Acetes sp. The initial total length and body weight of the samples were 5.0-7.0 cm and 0.15-1.78 g, respectively, while the experimental fish was reared at a density of 10 fish tank-1. The eel larvae were raised in plastic containers volume 22 L, while natural feeds were given at a feeding ration of 10% body weight a day for 60 days. The results showed that the natural feeds produced significant effects (P < 0.05) on weight gain, specific growth and survival rate, as well as feed efficiency and conversion ratio. The sardine feed yielded a better result compared to other tested feeds, but the values were not significantly different from bloodworm. Based on the results, sardine fish and bloodworm feed are suitable for eel A. bicolor larvae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coral hind grouper (Cephalopholis miniata) is one of the essential fisheries commodities in Indonesia and the Aceh region. However, scientific data on its morphometrics and biology are limited. This study aimed to observe the morphometric, meristic, length frequency distribution, sex ratio, gonad development stage, gonad somatic index, and fecundity of C. miniata fished from the northern coast of Aceh, Indonesia. The study was conducted from June 2020 to January 2021. Cephalopholis miniata samples were obtained from Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera (PPS) Lampulo, Kuta Alam District, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The samples were analyzed at the Laboratory of Genetics and Aquatic Biodiversity, Faculty of Marine Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala. In total, 184 specimens of C. miniata were measured during this study. Out of 184, 60 samples were used in the morphological measurement. The results showed that the total length of C. miniata fish caught in the northern waters of Aceh ranged between 75-295 mm (average 211 ± 30 mm) and not yet reached the maximum size, with female fish dominating the samples. The gonadal maturity level mainly was stage II, with the peak of spawning occurring in October. The GSI value of C. miniata fish ranged from 0.01-4.77%, with the length at first mature of 205 mm TL. Besides, the total fecundity produced by C. miniata ranged from 7,126-279,785 eggs. The fecundity of C. miniata was positively correlated with the total length, body weight, and weight of the gonads. This study provides baseline data on the morphometric, meristic, and reproductive biology of grouper C. miniata in the northern waters of Aceh, beneficial as a reference for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benthos are sensitive organism to water pollution, they can be used as a bioindicator to determine the health status of an estuarine ecosystem. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to identify the abuncance and diversity of benthic community in Krueng Cut estuary in Indonesia. The study used purposive sampling method by applying seven station sampling along the study area. The sampling was done in three places within one station that were in the left bank, center of the channel, and right bank. Benthos samples were taken using Ponal Grab, whose size is 23cm x 23cm with ± 20 kg weight and sieved from the substrate using a mesh filter of 0.1 mm in size. The result showed that Krueng Cut estuary has 347 ind/m2 density index from 7 benthos species. It was found that the most abundance of benthos is Balanus sp., while the least are Nacula nucleus, Olivella volutella, and Uca sp. This result informs that the diversity index is categorized as low and on the other hand the dominance index level is high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water temperature is a limiting factor in fish health and plays a crucial role, especially in endemic species that are more sensitive to ambient temperature changes. The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of temperature on growth patterns, survival, blood glucose, gill histology, and erythrocyte cell abnormality of Betta rubra, an endemic species in Aceh and Northern Sumatra, Indonesia. The fish sample was collected from Nagan Raya, Aceh Province, Indonesia. The fish were acclimatized for three days prior to experimental trials at five temperature levels, 24, 26, 28, 30 and 32 °C for 14 days. Fish were taken randomly from every treatment to measure blood glucose levels and gill samples were taken at the start and end of the experiment. The results showed the highest survival at a temperature of 28 °C (83.33%). The lowest blood glucose level was also found at a temperature of 28 °C. In addition, an increase and decrease in temperature exceeding 28 °C caused gill damage. Higher temperatures caused an increase in the abnormality of erythrocyte cells, with the highest percentage of abnormality found at 32 °C. Overall, this study confirmed that exposure to lower and higher temperature than the optimal is stressful to B. rubra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine fish have been decreasing in abundance over the last few decades due to environmental destruction and human exploitation. The aim of this study was to produce an inventory of the fish in Pusong Bay, Lhokseumawe City, Aceh Province, Indonesia by means of an exploratory survey of the area. The data was analysed descriptively using tables and graphs. A total of 71 species of fish were identified belonging to 54 genera, 37 families and 15 orders. Fish belonging to the Perciformes dominated the area with 33 species or 46.48% of the total number of fish identified. Based on the IUCN red list status, 62% of the species recorded in this study are categorized as of Least Concern, 35% Not Evaluated and 3% Data Deficient. Based on CITES, 71 species of the fish in Pusong Bay are categorized as Not Evaluated. Current data on these fish is important for future evaluations of their status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cryoprotectant is the crucial factor in the cryopreservation process. In general, there are two types of cryoprotectant, permeating and non‐permeating cryoprotectants. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and egg yolk are common permeating and non‐permeating cryoprotectants respectively. Hence, the objective of the present study was to determine the best proportion of DMSO and egg yolk for the cryopreservation of Rasbora tawarensis sperm. A completely randomized experimental design was used in this study which involves two types of cryoprotectant and their combination at different concentrations, namely 5% DMSO, 5% egg yolk, 5% DMSO + 5% egg yolk and 2.5% DMSO + 2.5% egg yolk. Every treatment was conducted in three replicates. Combination of 5% DMSO + 5% egg yolk gave the best results cryoprotectant treatment had significant effects on sperm motility, fertilization and hatching rate of the R. tawarensis eggs (p <.05). It is concluded that the best proportion of cryoprotectants for sperm cryopreservation in this species is 5% DMSO + 5% egg yolk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]