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Theoretical advances and new foundations have been reported at the Conference for more than 40 years. The included papers originate from the 46th conference on Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods (BEM/MRM) which acts as a forum to discuss new ideas and critically compare results before the solution and tools are released to the end users.

Advances in techniques that reduce or eliminate the type of meshes associated with finite elements or finite differences are reported in the papers that form this volume. The included papers originate from the 45th conference on Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods (BEM/MRM).

Originating from the 42nd conference on Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods (BEM/MRM), the research presented in this book consist of high quality papers that report on advances in techniques that reduce or eliminate the type of meshes associated with such methods as finite elements or finite differences.

The International Meshing Roundtable (IMR) brings together researchers, developers, and application experts in a variety of disciplines, from all over the world, to present and discuss ideas on mesh generation and related topics. The technical papers in this volume present theoretical and novel ideas and algorithms with practical potential, as well as technical applications in science and engineering, geometric modelling, computer graphics, and visualization.

Sparse grids are a popular tool for the numerical treatment of high-dimensional problems. Where classical numerical discretization schemes fail in more than three or four dimensions, sparse grids, in their different flavors, are frequently the method of choice. This volume of LNCSE presents selected papers from the proceedings of the fourth workshop on sparse grids and applications, and demonstrates once again the importance of this numerical discretization scheme. The articles present recent advances in the numerical analysis of sparse grids in connection with a range of applications including computational chemistry, computational fluid dynamics, and big data analytics, to name but a few.

Containing the proceedings from the 41st conference on Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods (BEM/MRM), this book is a collection of high quality papers that report on advances in techniques that reduce or eliminate the type of meshes associated with such methods as finite elements or finite differences.

Containing the latest in a long line of conferences covering the most recent advances in Boundary Elements and Mesh Reduction Methods (BEM/MRM), this book contains an important chapter in the history of this important method used in science and engineering. The BEM/MRM conference has long been recognised as THE international forum on the technique. The proceedings of the conference therefore constitute a record of the development of the method, running from the initial successful development of boundary integral techniques into the BEM, a method that eliminates the need for an internal mesh, to the recent and most sophisticated Mesh Reduction and even Meshless Methods. Since the boundary elements, mesh reduction, and meshless methods are used in many engineering and scientific fields, the book will be of great interest to all engineers and scientists working within the areas of numerical analysis, boundary elements and meshless methods. Topics covered include: Advanced formulations; Advanced meshless and mesh reduction methods; Structural mechanics applications; Solid mechanics; Heat and mass transfer, Electrical engineering and electromagnetics; Computational methods; Fluid flow modelling; Damage mechanics and fracture; Dynamics and Vibrations Engineering applications.

Since 1978 the conference on Boundary Elements and Mesh Reduction Methods has produced a successful series of volumes in which all major developments in the field have been presented. The 37th volume in the series continues this success by bringing together the latest advanced research carried out by different groups around the world. The included papers cover topics such as: Advanced meshless and mesh reduction methods; Advanced formulations; Computational methods; Stochastic modelling; Emerging applications; Solid mechanics applications; Dynamics and vibrations; Damage mechanics and fracture; Material characterisation; Fluid flow modelling; Electrical engineering and electromagnetics; Heat and mass transfer.

The Conference on Boundary Elements and Mesh Reduction Methods (BEM/MRM) is recognised as the international forum for the latest advances in these techniques and their applications in science and engineering. Launched in 1978 the Conference continues to attract original contributions and has become the forum for their rapid dissemination throughout the international scientific community. Practically all new boundary element ideas have first appeared in the proceedings of these meetings. The vitality of Boundary Element research is mainly due to its ability to evolve. This evolution has developed a whole range of Mesh Reduction Methods, which have now reached a point where BEM is seen as a sub-set of them. Chinese researchers in particular have made major contributions to MRM which this Conference hopes to highlight. The importance of research carried out in China led to the organisation of this Conference, which sets the basis for a closer collaboration of scientists from other countries with their Chinese colleagues. Such cooperation will lead to new research directions and advanced collaboration at an international level. Papers presented at the 36th Conference, contained in this volume, cover topics such as Integration techniques; Green functions; Advanced numerical solvers; Hybrid methods; Advanced meshless methods; Probabilistic BEM; Dual boundary element techniques; Galerkin boundary element; Trefftz methods; Collocation technique; Biologically inspired methods; Free surface techniques; Fluid flow; Stress analysis; Fracture and crack propagation.

The Boundary Element Method, as well as other meshless techniques continue to evolve and grow in importance, with new applications developed every year. The proceedings of the Wessex Institute of Technology ‘s conferences on the Boundary Element Method, first convened in 1978 and now held annually, are recognised internationally as the record of the latest advances on the Method and other meshless techniques and their applications. The papers presented at the 35th conference cover topics such as Advanced meshless and mesh reduction methods; Advanced formulations; Computational methods; Stochastic modelling; Emerging applications; Solid mechanics applications; Dynamics and vibrations; Damage mechanics and fracture; Material characterisation; Fluid flow modelling; Electrical engineering and electromagnetics; Heat and mass transfer.

This volume contains the articles presented at the 22nd International Meshing Roundtable (IMR) organized, in part, by Sandia National Laboratories and was held on Oct 13-16, 2013 in Orlando, Florida, USA. The first IMR was held in 1992, and the conference series has been held annually since. Each year the IMR brings together researchers, developers, and application experts in a variety of disciplines, from all over the world, to present and discuss ideas on mesh generation and related topics. The technical papers in this volume present theoretical and novel ideas and algorithms with practical potential, as well as technical applications in science and engineering, geometric modeling, computer graphics and visualization.

This volume contains the articles presented at the 21st International Meshing Roundtable (IMR) organized, in part, by Sandia National Laboratories and was held on October 7–10, 2012 in San Jose, CA, USA. The first IMR was held in 1992, and the conference series has been held annually since. Each year the IMR brings together researchers, developers, and application experts in a variety of disciplines, from all over the world, to present and discuss ideas on mesh generation and related topics. The technical papers in this volume present theoretical and novel ideas and algorithms with practical potential, as well as technical applications in science and engineering, geometric modeling, computer graphics, and visualization.

This book contains papers presented at the Thirty Fourth International Conference on Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods (BEM/MRM), recognised as the international forum for the latest advances of these methods and their applications in science and engineering. The success of the meeting, since the first conference took place in Southampton, UK, in 1978, is an indication of the strength of the research being carried out by many different groups around the world. This continuous growth is a result of the evolution of the techniques from methods based on classical integral equations to techniques now covering a wide variety of mathematical approaches, the main objective of which is to reduce or eliminate the mesh. The mesh, a concept inherited from more primitive methods, such as finite differences and finite elements, is alien to the solution of the problem and dictated only by the limitations of first generation analysis techniques. Topics covered include: Advanced meshless and mesh reduction methods, Electrical engineering and electromagnetics, Fluid flow, Heat and mass transfer, Advanced structural applications, Dynamics and vibrations, Damage mechanics and fracture, Material characterisation, Advanced formulations, Computational techniques, Stochastic modelling, Emerging applications.

The Wessex Institute of Technology has been convening conferences on the Boundary Element Method since 1978. The now-annual conference series is recognised internationally as the premiere forum for sharing the latest advances on the boundary element method and other meshless techniques and their applications, which continue to evolve and grow in importance. The papers presented at the latest conference, contained in this volume, cover topics such as: Advances in Solid Mechanics; Fluid Flow Applications; Computational Methods; Advanced Formulations; Advanced Meshless and Mesh reduction Methods.

This volume contains the articles presented at the 20th International Meshing Roundtable (IMR) organized, in part, by Sandia National Laboratories and was held in Paris, France on Oct 23-26, 2011. This is the first year the IMR was held outside the United States territory. Other sponsors of the 20th IMR are Systematic Paris Region Systems & ICT Cluster, AIAA, NAFEMS, CEA, and NSF. The Sandia National Laboratories started the first IMR in 1992, and the conference has been held annually since. Each year the IMR brings together researchers, developers, and application experts, from a variety of disciplines, to present and discuss ideas on mesh generation and related topics. The topics covered by the IMR have applications in numerical analysis, computational geometry, computer graphics, as well as other areas, and the presentations describe novel work ranging from theory to application.

The papers in this volume were selected for presentation at the 19th International Meshing Roundtable (IMR), held October 3–6, 2010 in Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA. The conference was started by Sandia National Laboratories in 1992 as a small meeting of organizations striving to establish a common focus for research and development in the field of mesh generation. Now after 19 consecutive years, the International Meshing Roundtable has become recognized as an international focal point annually attended by researchers and developers from dozens of co- tries around the world. The 19th International Meshing Roundtable consists of technical presentations from contributed papers, research notes, keynote and invited talks, short course presentations, and a poster session and competition. The Program Committee would like to express its appreciation to all who participate to make the IMR a successful and enriching experience. The papers in these proceedings were selected by the Program Committee from among numerous submissions. Based on input from peer reviews, the committee selected these papers for their perceived quality, originality, and appropriateness to the theme of the International Meshing Roundtable. We would like to thank all who submitted papers. We would also like to thank the colleagues who provided reviews of the submitted papers. The names of the reviewers are acknowledged in the following pages. We extend special thanks to Jacqueline Hunter for her time and effort to make the 19th IMR another outstanding conference.

The Conference on Mesh Reduction Methods and Boundary Elements (MRM/BEM) is recognised as the international forum for the latest advances of these methods and their applications in sciences and engineering. The book should be of interest to engineers and scientists working within the areas of numerical analysis, boundary elements and meshless methods. Since the first conference took place in Southampton UK in 1978, the success of the meeting is an indication of the strength of the research being carried out by many different groups around the world. This continuous growth is a result of the evolution of the techniques from methods based on classical integral equations to techniques that now cover a wide variety of mathematical approaches, the main objective of which is to reduce or eliminate the mesh. The mesh, a concept inherited from more primitive methods, such as finite differences and finite elements, is alien to the solution of the problem and dictated only by the limitations of first-generation analysis techniques. The topics of the latest conference include: Fluid Flow; Damage Mechanics and Fracture; Dynamics and Vibrations; Electrical Engineering and Electromagnetics; Advanced Meshless and Mesh Reduction Methods; Advanced Formulations; Computational Techniques.

The papers in this volume were selected for presentation at the 18th International Meshing Roundtable (IMR), held October 25-28, 2009 in Salt Lake City, UT, USA. The conference was started by Sandia National Laboratories in 1992 as a small meeting of organizations striving to establish a common focus for research and development in the field of mesh generation. Now after 18 consecutive years, the International Meshing Roundtable has become recognized as an international focal point annually attended by researchers and developers from dozens of co- tries around the world. The 18th International Meshing Roundtable consists of technical presentations from contributed papers, research notes, keynote and invited talks, short course presentations, and a poster session and competition. The Program Committee would like to express its appreciation to all who participate to make the IMR a successful and enriching experience. The papers in these proceedings were selected from more than 40 paper subm- sions. Based on input from peer reviews, the committee selected these papers for their perceived quality, originality, and appropriateness to the theme of the Inter- tional Meshing Roundtable. We would like to thank all who submitted papers. We would also like to thank the colleagues who provided reviews of the submitted - pers. The names of the reviewers are acknowledged in the following pages. We extend special thanks to Jacqueline Hunter for her time and effort to make the 18th IMR another outstanding conference.

Since the first conference took place in Southampton UK in 1978, the success of the meeting is an indication of the strength of the research being carried out by many different groups around the world. This continuous growth is a result of the evolution of the techniques from methods based on classical integral equations to techniques covering now a wide variety of mathematical approaches, the main objective of which is to reduce or eliminate the mesh. The mesh, a concept inherited from more primitive methods such as finite differences and finite elements, is alien to the solution of the problem and dictated only by the limitations of first-generation analysis techniques.

The major motivation behind the Boundary Element Method (BEM) was to reduce the dependency of analysis on the definition of meshes. This has allowed the method to expand naturally into new techniques such as Dual Reciprocity and all other Mesh reduction Methods (MRM). MRM and BEM continue to be very active areas of research with many of the resulting techniques applied to solve increasingly complex problems. This book contains papers presented at the much-acclaimed thirtieth International Conference on Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reductions Methods. The proceedings contain papers on practically all major developments in Boundary Elements, including the most recent MRM techniques, grouped under the following topics: Fluid Flow; Heat Transfer; Electrical Engineering and Electromagnetics; Damage Mechanics and Fracture; Mesh Reduction Techniques; Advanced Computational Techniques

The papers in this volume were selected for presentation at the 17th International Meshing Roundtable (IMR), held October 12–15, 2008 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. The conference was started by Sandia National Laboratories in 1992 as a small meeting of organizations striving to establish a common focus for research and dev- opment in the field of mesh generation. Now after 17 consecutive years, the Inter- tional Meshing Roundtable has become recognized as an international focal point annually attended by researchers and developers from dozens of countries around the world. The 17th International Meshing Roundtable consists of technical presentations from contributed papers, research notes, keynote and invited talks, short course pr- entations, and a poster session and competition. The Program Committee would like to express its appreciation to all who participate to make the IMR a successful and enriching experience. The papers in these proceedings were selected from more than 50 paper subm- sions. Based on input from peer reviews, the committee selected these papers for their perceived quality, originality, and appropriateness to the theme of the International Meshing Roundtable. We would like to thank all who submitted papers. We would also like to thank the colleagues who provided reviews of the submitted papers. The names of the reviewers are acknowledged in the following pages. We extend special thanks to Jacqueline Hunter and Bernadette Watts for their time and effort to make the 17th IMR another outstanding conference. August 2008 17th IMR Program Committee Organization

The International Conference on Boundary Element and other Mesh Reduction Methods is now in its 29th year. The papers presented at the conference are contained in this volume. The continued success of this important meeting is due to the strength of the work carried out by the community since the original conference took place in Southampton in 1978. The current meeting continues with the tradition of innovation and quality, which have been the trademarks of these conferences. The book contains a series of important sections including: meshless techniques, advanced formulations, dual reciprocity method, computational issues, fluid mechanics applications, heat and mass transfer, plates and shells, wave propagation, damage mechanics and fracture, electrical engineering and electromagnetics and inverse problems.

Advanced numerical simulations that use adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) methods have now become routine in engineering and science. Originally developed for computational fluid dynamics applications these methods have propagated to fields as diverse as astrophysics, climate modeling, combustion, biophysics and many others. The underlying physical models and equations used in these disciplines are rather different, yet algorithmic and implementation issues facing practitioners are often remarkably similar. Unfortunately, there has been little effort to review the advances and outstanding issues of adaptive mesh refinement methods across such a variety of fields. This book attempts to bridge this gap. The book presents a collection of papers by experts in the field of AMR who analyze past advances in the field and evaluate the current state of adaptive mesh refinement methods in scientific computing.