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SCHEROTHECA ALBINA MARCHÁN & DECAËNS SP. NOV. (FIGS 2 A, 3 G, H, 4) Table 3. Continued . 1214.31311.310.211.216.311.710.710.6 0 Zoobank registration: urn: lsid: zoobank. org:act: BDD2FFC5-C311-4CA5-B6C8-227910470E04. Type material: Holotype. France • adult; Occitanie, Hérault, le Soulié; latitude/longitude: 43.531 / 2.658; elevation: 853 masl; 06-May-2021;T.Decaëns, D.Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0572; deposited in the Musée national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Paratypes: France • five adult specimens, one subadult specimen; same data as holotype (four specimens); BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0573, DFM-0574, DFM-0575, DFM-0576; Occitanie, Hérault, Saint-Etienne-d’Albagnan; latitude/longitude: 43,543/2,86; elevation: 250 m asl; 14-Apr-2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg. (two specimens); BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0025, DFM-0026; specimens DFM-0573, DFM-0575, DFM-0576 deposited in Eco&Sols collection, Montpellier; DFM-0025, DFM-0026, DFM-0574 deposited at Musée national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Etymology: The species name is derived from the lack of cutaneous pigmentation which characterize it by opposition to the usually pigmented continental species of Scherotheca. Treated as adjectival. Diagnosis: Scherotheca albina can be distinguished from Sc. rhodana (Bouché, 1972) (the most similar species) by the position of the clitellum (XXVII–XLI vs. (1/2 XXVI) 1/2 XXVII–1/2 XLII (1/2 XLIII)) and tubercula pubertatis (XXXI–1/n XLI vs. 1/n XXXII– XLI), by its smaller body size and by the absence of cutaneous pigmentation (Table 2). COI uncorrected average pairwise distances and topology of multilocus molecular phylogenetic trees supports the status of Sc. albina as independent from other morphologically related species. Description External morphology: Body pigmentation absent or faint brown in the anterior part of the body (Fig. 2a). Beige with whitish clitellum in fixed specimens (Fig. 3g, h). Average length 15.15 cm (13.16–17.2 cm, N = 2 adults); average diameter 0.64/0.73/ 0.59 cm (preclitellar/clitellar/postclitellar); body subcylindrical in cross-section, ventrally flattened; average number of segments 249 (244–253, N = 2 adults). Average weight (fixed specimens), 4.88 g (4.37–5.39 g, N = 2 adults). Prostomium epilobous, closed. Longitudinal furrows in segments I and II. Nephridial pores ‘en solfège’ (irregularly distributed). Spermathecal pores at intersegmental furrows 9/10–12/13(13/14). Male pores in segment XV, surrounded by a moderately developed porophore. Female pores in segment XIV. Clitellum saddle-shaped in segments XXVII–XLI. Tubercula pubertatis in segments XXXI–1/n XLI. Setae closely paired. Internal anatomy: Septa 5/6–10/11 thickened and muscular. Lateral hearts in segments VI–XI. Calciferous glands in segments X– XIV, with diverticula in segment X. Crop in segments XV–XVI, gizzard in segments XVII–XIX. Typhlosole pinnate. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments X and XI. Four pairs of reniform seminal vesicles in segments IX, X, XI and XII, the first two pairs being smaller. Ovaries and female funnels in segment XIII, ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment XIV. Four or five pairs of small globular spermathecae in segments IX, X, XI, XII (XIII) (intersegments 9/10– 12/13(13/14)), simple. Nephridial bladders U-shaped, reclinate in segment XXX. Distribution and ecology: Scherotheca albina was found in the vicinities of the Regional Park of Haut-Languedoc, Hérault, Occitanie (Fig. 4), in managed grasslands surrounded by forests.

SCHEROTHECA HAYMOZI (ZICSI, 1977) COMB.NOV. Allolobophora haymozi Zicsi, 1977. Aporrectodea haymozi Zicsi, 1977: in Zicsi and Csuzdi, 1999. Aporrectodea haymoziformis Zicsi and Csuzdi, 1999. Remarks: The original descriptions of Al. haymozi and Ap. haymoziformis differ slightly in the position of the clitellum (XXXIII–1/2 XL, XL vs. 1/2 XXXIII, XXXIII, XXXIV–XL, XLI), tubercula pubertatis (XXXV, XXXVI–XL vs. 1/2 XXXIV, XXXIV–XL, 1/2 XLI) and spermathecae (XII, XIII, XIV vs. XI, XII, XIII, XIV). However, the results of the molecular phylogenetic analysis and COI genetic distances clearly indicate that these morphological differences correspond to intraspecific variability between different populations, as specimens fitting both descriptions showed a small genetic divergence. These justify considering Ap. haymoziformis as a junior synonym of Al. haymozi. The phylogenetic position of the species further justifies its placement within the genus Scherotheca (Fig. 1)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Novo, Marta, Domínguez, Jorge, Silva, Alberto Da, Martínez, Alejandro, Gerard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, The best is yet to come: six new species within a largebodied earthworm genus (Scherotheca, Lumbricidae) in a densely sampled region (south-western France), pp. 802-820 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 198 (3) on page 816, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad002, http://zenodo.org/record/8147364

Boucheona tenebrae Marchán & Novo sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub: FA29B304-DD7C-4472-BDE2-618B80557709 Hormogaster praetiosa var. nigra Bouché, 1970 Etymology This species name refers to its very dark, almost black pigmentation. Material examined Holotype FRANCE • Adult; Occitanie, Aude, Quillan 19/04/2008; leg. M. Novo, R. Fernández; Locality 1 (QUILL): 42.880222 2.170000; shrubland on a pronounced slope; voucher UCMLT00393; deposited in the UCMLT. Paratypes FRANCE • 1 specimen, adult; 16/04/2012; leg. D. F. Marchán, R. Fernández, same data as holotype; voucher UCMLT00394; deposited in UCMLT. Diagnosis Pigmentation almost black with purple iridescence, length reaching 50 cm, weight reaching 27.36 gr, number of segments reaching 600. Clitellum extending over segments XIV-XXX, tubercula pubertatis as a continuous line which narrows towards the end on segments XXII-XXVII(XXVIII), first thickened septum in 6/7, multichamber disc-shaped spermathecae in intersegments 9/10 and 10/11, typhlosole composed of a maximum of 13 lamellae, first nephridial cecae in XI. Morphological description External morphology. Recently collected specimens (used for molecular information) are incomplete and damaged, thus some characters refer to the description of Hormogaster praetiosa var. nigra (Bouché, 1970) Length: 50 cm according to Bouché 1970 (living specimens?). Weight (holotype): 27.36 gr (20-25 according to Bouché 1970). Number of segments (holotype): 580 (more than 600 according to Bouché 1970). Pigmentation: Almost black with purple iridescence on living specimens, with pigmentation neatly interrupted at the level of chaetae b. Dorsally dark grey, ventrally beige on fixed specimens. Prostomium prolobic, strongly developed and with a small invagination delimiting a small prostomium-like lobe; longitudinal striation on segments I, II and III. Strongly developed cephalic keels on segments I to XIII. Closely paired chaetae; interchaetal ratio at segment 40, aa: 50, ab: 1, bc: 8, cd: 1, dd: 50. Nephridial pores in a row between chaetae b and c (very close to b). Spermathecal pores on intersegments 9/10 and 10/11 at the level of cd. Male pores open over chaetae ab at the intersegment 15/16, surrounded by heart-shaped porophores. Female pores in segment XIV at the same level as male pores. Clitellum ring shaped-shaped (only when wholly developed) extending over segments XIV-XXX. Tubercula pubertatis on XXII-XXVII(XXVIII) as a continuous line which narrows towards the end. Papillae of chaetae ab in variable positions between segments XIII, XIV, XVII-XXIII, XXVIII, XXIX. Internal anatomy. Funnel-shaped, strongly thickened septa in 7/8 to 11/12, moderately thickened in 6/7. Clearly developed hearts in VI-XI.Three shiny, strongly muscular gizzards in VI, VII and VIII. Morren's glands and intestinal gizzard not apparent. First section of the intestine slightly dilated. Typhlosole begins around segments XX with 9 lamellae, which swiftly increase to a maximum 13 lamellae and the decrease to 11 lamellae. Anterior nephridial bladders U-shaped with very close branches and no apparent caecum until segment XI. Bladders gradually flatten towards the end of the body, taking the usual elongated shape. Fraying testes and iridescent seminal funnels in X and XI. Two pairs of voluminous, grainy seminal vesicles in XI and XII. Ovaries and female funnels in XIII, ovisacs in XIV. Two pairs of multichamber disc-shaped spermathecae in intersegments 9/10 and 10/11, the posterior pair bigger. Remarks Boucheona tenebrae sp. nov. resembles B. catalaunensis, B. gallica, B. corbierensis sp. nov. and B. rosae in the position of the clitellum (XIV-XXIX,XXX) and type and position of spermathecae (multichamber disc-shaped spermathecae in intersegments 9/10 and 10/11). It differs from these close relatives in its larger size (length, weight, number of segments), its darker pigmentation (almost black vs brown-dark brown) and the position of the first thickened septum (6/7 vs 7/8). In addition, it differs from B. corbierensis sp. nov. in the position of the tubercula pubertatis (XXII-XXVII(XXVIII) vs XXII-XXIX) and maximum number of typhlosole lamellae (13 vs 15). COI uncorrected average pairwise distances and topology of multilocus molecular phylogenetic trees support the status of B. tenebrae sp. nov. as independent from other morphologically similar species. Distribution and ecology B. tenebrae sp. nov. is known from a single locality of Aude (Figure 5). It inhabits shrublands., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel F., Novo, Marta, Domínguez, Jorge, Sánchez, Nuria & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Boucheona (Oligochaeta Hormogastridae) in France with a newly described species and a redescribed species, pp. 68-81 in Zootaxa 5255 (1) on pages 75-78, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7744489, {"references":["Bouche, M. B. (1972) Lombriciens de France. Ecologie et systematique, Vol. 72, No. HS. INRA Editions, Paris, 671 pp."]}

Boucheona corbierensis Marchán & Decaëns sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B39B20F1-1882-4A89-88C5-00FCABA96CC4 Hormogaster praetiosa Michaelsen, 1899 in Bouché (1972) (partial) Etymology The species name is derived from the natural region of Corbières where the type specimens were collected. Material examined Holotype FRANCE • Adult; Occitanie, Aude, Portel-des-Corbières 19/03/2021; leg. D. F. Marchán, T. Decaëns, Y. Capowiez; Locality PCORB: 43.039109 2.949103; cleared meadow between pine forest and orchard; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0030; deposited in MNHN. Paratypes FRANCE • 2 specimens, one adult and one subadult; same data as holotype: BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0029 and DFM-0031; deposited in MNHN. 4 specimens, adults; Occitanie, Pyrénées Orientales, Rivesaltes 15/04/2012; leg. D. F. Marchán, R. Fernández; Locality RIV: 42.757328 2.886342; garrigue; voucher: UCMLT00395, UCMLT00396, UCMLT00397, UCMLT00398; deposited in UCMLT. 1 specimen, adult; Occitanie, Aude, Bizanet, Quillanet 18/11/2021; leg. D. F. Marchán; Locality #536: 43.146, 2.894; abandoned culture; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0968; deposited in ECOSOLS. 3 specimens, adults; Occitanie, Aude, Durban-Corbières 18/11/2021; leg. D. F. Marchán; Locality #1072: 42.993, 2.792; grassland; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0972, DFM-0973, DFM-0974; deposited in ECOSOLS. Diagnosis Pigmentation brownish-grey to dark brown, average length (fixed) of 21.8 cm (17.5–24 cm), average weight of 15.1 gr (13.5–16.7 gr), average number of segments of 437 (376–501). Clitellum extending over segments (XIII)XIV-XXIX(XXX), tubercula pubertatis as a continuous line on segments XXII-XXIX, multichamber discshaped spermathecae in intersegments 9/10 and 10/11, typhlosole composed of a maximum of 15 lamellae, first nephridial cecae in XI. Morphological description External morphology. All quantitative characters were measured in mature, whole individuals. Average length (fixed): 21.8 cm (17.5–24 cm). Average weight: 15.1 gr (13.5–16.7 gr). Average number of segments: 437 (376–501). Pigmentation: Brownish grey to dark brown on living specimens, with pigmentation neatly interrupted at the level of chaetae b (Figure 4a). Clitellum may be darker brown or lighter grey in colour, depending on the stage of development. Dorsally grey, ventrally beige on fixed specimens. Prostomium prolobic, strongly developed and with a small invagination delimiting a small prostomium-like lobe (Fig 4b); longitudinal striation on segments I, II and III. Strongly developed cephalic keels on segments I to XXIII (Fig. 4b, 4c). Closely paired chaetae; interchaetal ratio at segment XXXX, aa: 78, ab: 1, bc: 9, cd: 1, dd: 71. Nephridial pores in a row between chaetae b and c (very close to b). Spermathecal pores at intersegments 9/10 and 10/11 at the level of cd. Male pores open over chaetae ab at intersegment 15/16, surrounded by heart-shaped porophores. Female pores in segment XIV at the same level as male pores. Clitellum ring shaped- (only when wholly developed) extending over segments (XIII)XIV-XXIX(XXX) (Figure 4c). Tubercula pubertatis as a continuous line on segments XXII-XXIX. Papillae of chaetae ab in variable positions between segments XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XVII-XXII. Internal anatomy. Funnel-shaped, strongly thickened septa in 7/8 to 11/12. Clearly developed hearts in 6–11. Three shiny, strongly muscular gizzards in VI, VII and VIII. Morren's glands and intestinal gizzard not apparent. First section of the intestine slightly dilated. Gut content frequently includes vegetal fibers. Typhlosole begins around segments XX with 13 lamellae, increasing to 15 lamellae in some individuals. Anterior nephridial bladders U-shaped with very close branches and no apparent caecum until segment XI. Bladders gradually flatten towards the end of the body, taking on the usual elongated shape. Fraying testes and iridescent seminal funnels in segments X and XI. Two pairs of voluminous, grainy seminal vesicles in XI and XII. Ovaries and female funnels in XIII, ovisacs in XIV. Two pairs of multichamber disc-shaped spermathecae in intersegments 9/10 and 10/11, the posterior pair larger. Genital chaetae lanceolate with strong dorso-ventral differentiation and ornamented tip (Fig. 3a,b). The general shape of the tip of the chaetae is that of a broad dorso-ventrally flattened rhombus. A long portion of the distal part of the tip has a smooth surface, while the rest is ornamented by the usual hairy grooves. A moderate, longitudinal dorso-ventral depression can be observed in some of the chaetae. Average diameter: 34 (widest part)-24 μm. Average length: 1150 μm. Remarks Boucheona corbierensis sp. nov. resembles B. catalaunensis, B. gallica, Boucheona tenebrae sp. nov. and B. rosae in the position of the clitellum (XIV-XXIX, XXX), type and position of spermathecae (multichamber discshaped spermathecae in intersegments 9/10 and 10/11) and pigmentation (dorsal, dark brown-grey). They differ from all of these close relatives in the position of the tubercula pubertatis (XXII-XXIX), from Boucheona tenebrae sp. nov. in its smaller size and lighter pigmentation, and from B. catalaunensis and B. gallica in the position of the first nephridial caecae (XI vs XII) and in the maximum number of typhlosole lamellae (15 vs 13). COI uncorrected average pairwise distances and topology of multilocus molecular phylogenetic trees support the status of B. corbierensis sp. nov. as independent from other morphologically similar species. Distribution and ecology B. corbierensis sp. nov. is known from two localities of Aude and Pyrénées Orientales and is probably present in another 3 localities (from Bouché (1972) putatively assigned by geographic proximity) in an area of 1,200 km 2 (Figure 5). It inhabits sclerophyllous woods and shrublands, sometimes occupying edges of neighbouring orchards. Laboratory experiments (Capowiez in prep.) have shown that B. corbierensis sp. nov. behaves like an anecic earthworm, which is consistent with its pigmentation, morphology and gut content (vegetal fibers)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel F., Novo, Marta, Domínguez, Jorge, Sánchez, Nuria & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Boucheona (Oligochaeta Hormogastridae) in France with a newly described species and a redescribed species, pp. 68-81 in Zootaxa 5255 (1) on pages 73-75, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5255.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7744489, {"references":["Bouche, M. B. (1972) Lombriciens de France. Ecologie et systematique, Vol. 72, No. HS. INRA Editions, Paris, 671 pp."]}

O traumatismo crânio-encefálico (TCE) é frequente em idade pediátrica,geralmente ligeiro e sem lesões intracranianas, contudo pode ser potencialmente grave nesta faixa etária. Nesse sentido este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão da avaliação e abordagem iniciais da criança com TCE grave. O TCE é uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade em crianças e adolescentes sendo os principais fatores associados a baixa pontuação na escala de Glasgow (GCS),hipotensão, edema cerebral, lesão axonal difusa e baixa pressão de perfusão cerebral. A avaliação e abordagem iniciais, a monitorização e cuidados intensivos adequados são fundamentais para prevenção da lesão cerebral secundária. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

A encefalopatia hipóxico-isquémica neonatal carateriza-se por disfunção neurológica precoce (primeiros dias de vida), nomeadamente prostração, convulsões, hipotonia, diminuição dos reflexos, muitas vezes associados a dificuldade respiratória e alimentar. A hipotermia induzida é a única terapêutica neuroprotectora com eficácia comprovada, se iniciada nas primeiras 6 horas. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion