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In conditions of the current development of society which is characterized by mounting social, economic and political crises, the problem of destructive behavior of an individual acquires special significance and topicality. The paper presents the results of a theoretical and methodological analysis of this problem in foreign and domestic literature in several areas: analysis of the attitude of society towards destructive behavior in its historical aspect; philosophical and theological approach; sociological and demographic areas in the study of destructive behavior, biological and biochemical; genetic approaches; psychological and sociopsychological aspects in the study of destructive behavior of a person. In view of the analysis of various approaches and areas in the study of destructive behavior, the conclusions have been drawn that destructive behavior is represented as a complex phenomenon, caused by biological factors (genetic predisposition, constitutional features of the body structure, the use of psychoactive substances, etc.), social (economic and social crises ), psychopathological (connection with mental disorders), psychological (especially the system of needs and motives of activity), socio-psychological (the impact of socio-psychological maladaptation and characteristics of the values and meaning sphere of an individual) plans. These factors are interconnected and each of them has its own specific role in the complex of destructive behavior, and therefore it is impossible to obtain a holistic view of the phenomenon under consideration taken separately from the entire system of interconnected components.

The preservation of soil fertility is a critical task in modern agriculture, necessitating the adoption of technologies that conserve soil resources. This study aimed to investigate the biological activity of typical chernozem under various pea cultivation technologies. The research was conducted on the experimental field of the Kursk Federal Agrarian Research Center, utilizing traditional, differentiated, minimal, and direct sowing methods. The soil used was typical thick heavy loamy chernozem. The study employed the gravimetric method to measure humidity, the application method for the decomposition of flax to assess biological activity, and the Kravkov method to determine the nitrification capacity of the soil. The results showed that differentiated, minimal, and direct sowing technologies for pea cultivation significantly enhanced the nitrifying ability and biological activity of the soil, with average increases of 1.2-1.8 times compared to traditional technology in the 0-20 cm soil layer. These findings highlight the potential benefits of adopting alternative pea cultivation technologies to promote soil conservation and fertility preservation.

An analysis of the current state of agriculture in the Russian Federation has shown that the recently aggravated economic and environmental problems require significant changes in the technologies used towards their biologization and resource conservation while ensuring the profitability of agricultural production. Increasing crop yields can be achieved only with a high culture of agriculture, the introduction of advanced technologies based on the widespread use of various types of organic fertilizers (manure, straw, siderate) and biological plant protection products and growth regulators. This requires in-depth study of the most important zonal aspects of agriculture, one of which is to determine the relationship between soil fertility and crop productivity with systematic fertilization. Therefore, the development of crop cultivation technologies that ensure high and sustainable yields with high quality, excluding the introduction of increased doses of mineral fertilizers, chemical plant protection products, as well as minimal negative effects on the soil is an urgent task of great theoretical and practical importance.

The article deals with aphoristics as a translator of the basic concepts of Russian linguoculture. The history of Russian aphorism reflects the history of the ethnic group, as well as all the changes in the public consciousness, while simultaneously fixing and preserving the same basic values. The researchers conducted a semantic analysis of the corpus of aphorisms recorded in the Dictionary of Aphorisms of Russian Writers.

The article proposes a methodological approach for assessing the territorial inequality based on an agent-oriented spatial model. The main decisions are made in the model at the microeconomic level by households and enterprises with spatial coordinates. Then they are aggregated to the level of regions, industries and the economy as a whole. The evaluation of the indicators according to the criterion of social justice is carried out using two groups of methods: firstly, statistical, primarily the Gini coefficients (which are based on the households’ incomes in regions or country as a whole), and secondly, methods for constructing isoelastic social welfare functions at the national and regional or zonal levels, which are based on the households’ utility functions and include the inequality rejection coefficient. Each value of the coefficient corresponds to a certain concept of social justice. This second group of methods is related to the original approach of the author. The model simulates the development of the government social policy, which is carried out by changing taxes and transfers and taking into account the degree of territorial inequality. Model calculations consider pensions and five types of monetary transfers in a fixed structure: unemployment benefits, child benefits, poverty benefits, social aid and basic income benefits. In a series of experiments, the effect on territorial inequality of changes in the total value of social transfers (with their fixed structure) and tax rates in accordance with the proportionality coefficients was assessed. It is used as a toolkit for changing the system of taxes and transfers and for supporting social policy to reduce spatial inequalities in Russia.

The current study presents the results of the evaluation of the productivity characteristics of pink-flowered F1 progenies obtained as a result of hybridization between Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier. and Potentilla nepalensis Hook. Based on the selection results, a hybrid fund of four promising pink-flowered strawberries forms with increased winter hardiness was created. The samples possess stable fruit crop, form plentiful flower stalks, form rather large fruits with good taste, and are appropriate for further inclusion in breeding programs in order to obtain a culture of decorative and fruit purposes in the conditions of the Siberian region.

When transporting such cargos as mineral fertilizers by water, they absorb moisture, which stimulates cargo self-heating and ultimately leads to dangerous temperature limits. When transporting ANP fertilizer in holds, its equilibrium moisture content can change significantly, which can lead to the cargo damage. The article presents the findings on the processes of hydrothermal moistening of porous bodies on the example of ANP fertilizer associated with the phenomena of sorption and desorption. There is no analytical description of moistening processes of porous bodies associated with these phenomena in the scientific literature. The optimal conditions for storage and transportation of bulk materials have been determined on the example of ANP fertilizer transported through the Novorossiysk seaport. As a result of the study, the moisture content intervals associated with various types of absorption were established. Thus, in the range of ⱷ from 0% to 16% moisture content, monomolecular adsorption prevails, which corresponds to the normal moisture content of ANP fertilizer. In the range of ⱷ from 16% to 54%, polymolecular adsorption predominates, and at the value of ⱷ greater than 87%, a smooth transition from predominantly polymolecular adsorption to capillary condensation occurs, which will negatively affect the process of humidification and cargo caking.

The article discusses the potential environmental and cultural impacts of a proposed mining project in the Black Hills region of Wyoming. The project aims to extract rare earth materials, which are in high demand for clean energy technologies. However, concerns have been raised about the potential harm to the unique ecosystem of the region and the cultural significance of the area to indigenous communities. The project has faced controversy in the past and is currently undergoing a pilot project to test its feasibility. The article highlights the need for proper consideration of the environmental and cultural impacts before moving forward with the project. [Extracted from the article]

When controlling the process of improving the quality of seeds by separating on a spectrometric basis, the primary information about the state of Scots pine seeds is carried by the wavelengths of optical fluxes and their amplitudes. The algorithm for analyzing the required characteristics of small forest seeds in the infrared range is a corresponding sequence of logical terms that provide the ability to determine the specified seed parameters by a combination of spectral frequencies and light flux amplitudes taken from the corresponding photodetectors. At ΔC = 0.5, the efficiency of the algorithm was 77.6 %, and at Δ C = 0.9, respectively, 99.5 %. In this regard, the choice of AC is the result of a compromise between the cost of rejection of high-quality seeds and losses when using unrecognized low-quality seeds and it is made according to the results of relevant experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is intended for engineers designing hybrid systems. The analytic hierarchy method was used as the main tool of foresight. Nowadays, some experience in the design of optoelectronic systems is accumulated. However, in most cases, designers have to sort through all possible factors and parameters of devices. The involvement of experts for questionnaire survey will reduce the time range of designing. The results of the study show a high consistency of experts' opinions with the Kendall coefficient value of 0.782. Research materials in the future will allow planning experiments only with the most important factors. This will adjust the protocols for testing new optoelectronic systems and significantly reduce costs.

In this study the results of agrobacterial transformation of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch. Ex Link) Bunge, a medicinal plant from Mongolia and China with a wide spectrum of pharmacological action were presented. As explants for transformation, in vitro derived microshoots as well as hypocotyls, cotyledons and primary shoots isolated from seedlings were used. The most effective from two tested Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains (A4-RT, 15834 SWISS) was 15834 SWISS, causing the transformation of various types of explants, including primary shoots as a more responsive type. The optimal co-cultivation time of explants with bacterial suspension (48 hours) and the highest transformation rate of primary shoots (36.4%) were established. PCR analysis confirmed the transgenic nature of the roots transformed with strain 15834 SWISS and the absence of bacterial contamination.