Search

Uzbekistan’s transition from planning to market started almost thirty years ago following its independence from the Soviet Union. For most of this period, economic modernization and transformation were stalled, with little change in institutions and policies from those prevailing at the time of the planned economy. In late 2016, Uzbekistan surprised by launching reforms with a breadth and speed that at times exceeded the pace of those observed in some of the earlier reformers at a similar stage of the process. In November 2018, building on the results from more than a year of economic reforms, the government announced the agenda for the next phase of its bold and ambitious economic transformation. In terms of the pace of transition, Uzbekistan’s record has been mixed but appropriate, given that reforms are dependent on experience with markets and prices, initial conditions, and institutional strength. Before the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic started, the reform momentum was supported by comfortable external and fiscal buffers and a robust global economy. The buffers are still sizable, even with doubling of public debt since 2017, and a sign of strength but the pull from the global economy has been substantially diminished. The rest of the introduction reviews progress in the key areas of economic transformation.

В статье рассматривается соотношение культурных и художественных циклов, определяется значение искусства в духовном становлении цивилизации, дается культурологическая оценка стилистических моделей художественного творчества., The article examines the relationship between cultural and artistic cycles, defines the significance of art in the spiritual formation of civilization, and gives a cultural assessment of stylistic models of artistic creativity.

Статья посвящена выявлению точек соприкосновения первобытной и современной культур. Предметную основу составили теория и практика художественного творчества, его истоки и эстетический потенциал. Выявляется степень влияния образно-смыслового и символического содержания первобытной и традиционной культур на современное художественное творчество: на стилистические, формальные приемы, тематику, образы; в целом на художественное мышление., The article is devoted to identifying the points of contact between primitive and modern cultures. The subject matter is based on the theory and practice of artistic creativity, its origins and aesthetic potential. The article reveals the degree of influence of the figurative-semantic and symbolic content of primitive and traditional culture on modern artistic creativity: on stylistic, formal techniques, themes, images; in General, on artistic thinking.

Статья посвящена рассмотрению шрифтовой графики как сложной, исторически сложившейся системе, являющейся инструментом вербальной коммуникации. Автором проанализирована ее роль и место в рекламном дизайне., the article is devoted to font graphics as a complex, historically developed system that is a tool for verbal communication; its role and place in advertising design.

Статья посвящена анализу направлений офисного дизайна. Авторами рассмотрены вопросы проектирования офисных помещений, проанализированы современное состояние офисного дизайна, специфика проектирования офисных интерьеров, стилистические модели современного офисного дизайна., the article is devoted to one of the directions of environmental design – office space design, analysis of the current state of office design, specifics of office interior design, stylistic models of modern office design.

Social innovation entered the academic discourse several decades ago and has since been seen as a way of tackling existing problems in various contexts. Although an extensive body of research has been conducted into the role of social innovation in urban context, there is still a gap when it comes to studying the role of social innovation in the development of rural areas. In this paper, an attempt is made to look at the role of Local Action Groups (LAGs) and Local Development Associations (LDAs) as promoters of social innovation in rural areas in Austria and Portugal, aiming to understand the role of such organisations and the challenges faced by the latter in promoting social innovation.

Structurally weak rural regions are faced with major economic and social challenges. In comparison to predominantly urban regions, they are economically less productive. They provide fewer desired goods and services and the labour market offers few career opportunities. Shops where daily purchases can be made are scarce, and it is challenging for the inhabitants to move around the region because public transport is very limited. Against this background, the respective regions have experienced considerable declines in populations and, in particular, a brain drain of the young. Downward spirals have been set in motion that have further reduced the number of economic opportunities.