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The usage of folic acid as source carbon dots is an excellent way to promote its efficient and specific target to folate receptor expressed cells, even the most methods serve on the complicated procedure. This research was conducted by synthesizing folic acid-based carbon dots (FACDs) through furnace and microwave-assisted methods to offer a simple and effective process. Thermal treatment belongs to the methods that allow both dehydration and carbonization of folic acid to produce graphene oxide-like structure carbon dots. The successful synthesis process was convinced with some characterization data, like diameter size of FACDs was below than 6 nm sizes and photoluminescence at emission 481 nm. Further FTIR, Raman, and XPS analysis demonstrated potency formation of graphene oxide-like structure on CDs within a non-polar feature. In vitro assessment through CCK-8, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy revealed that all of the prepared FACDs perform low-toxicity and work well on HeLa cancer staining by folate receptor-mediated endocytosis into the cell cytoplasm. On the good agreement with diagnostic capability on the cell, FACDs produced by both methods also perform excellent therapeutic capability on doxorubicin delivery with its kinetical release follow the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. All the findings confirm that the methods were excellent ways to perform good FACDs as theranostic agents for biological applications.

Dengue virus (DENV) serotypes DENV-1 to DENV-4 are enveloped viruses that belong to the genus Flavivirus of the Flaviviridae. Dengue vaccine or antiviral has not yet been clinically approved for humans, even though there have been great efforts toward this end. Antiviral activity against DENV is needed to develop to be an alternative drug for DENV virus. Cobalt(II) chloride have been used in the treatment and prevention of diseases of humans since ancient times. The aim of this study is to investigate the antiviral effects and Cytotoxicity of Cobalt(II) chloride. This compound was further investigated for its inhibitory effect on the replication of DENV-1 in Vero cells. Antiviral activity and Cytotoxicity measured by WST-1 assay. The IC 50 value of the Cobalt(II) chloride for DENV-1 was 0.38 μg/ml. The cytotoxicity of Cobalt(II) chloride to Vero cell suggest that the CC 50 value was 2.91 µg/ml The results of this study demonstrate the anti-dengue serotype 1 inhibitory activity of Cobalt(II) chloride was a high toxic compound.