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This article is devoted to the analysis of domestic and international legal bases of use of antibiotics in organic animal husbandry, and also formulation on its basis of the conclusions and offers directed on improvement of the current agrarian legislation in the specified sphere. It is determined that the reform of Ukrainian legislation on veterinary medicine and feed takes in to account the main international requirements for regulating the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, in particular Regulation (EU) 2019/6 of the European Parliament and Council of 11.12.2018 «On veterinary medicinal products and repealing of the Directive 2001/82/EU». For the effective implementation of legislative requirements in practice, the need to continue working in the following areas is justified: development of by laws in the field of antimicrobial drugs in animal husbandry; collection, accumulation and analysis of information on the amounts and types of antibiotics used by agricultural producers; development of advanced livestock technologies without the use of antimicrobials, taking in to account the positive experience of other countries; dissemination of knowledge about such technologies among agricultural entities. As a result of the study of the current legislation in the field of organic agricultural production, it was concluded that the legal regulation of the use of antibiotics in organic animal husbandry meets international requirements, namely such basic documents as Commission Regulation (EU) of 05.09.2008 № 889/2008 «Detailed rules on organic production, labeling and control for the implementation of Council Regulation (EU) № 834/2007 on organic production and labeling of organic products» and Council Regulation (EU) № 834/2007 «On organic production and labeling of organic products, and repealing the Regulation (EEC) № 2092/91». To improve the mechanism of control and trace ability of antibiotics in the treatment of farm animals in organic animal husbandry, it is proposed: to accelerate the work on the adoption of the Procedure for the use of antimicrobial drugs in veterinary medicine; to supplement the Procedure (detailed rules) of organic production and circulation of organic products with provisions on the requirements for documentary confirmation of the use of antimicrobial drugs by operators, storage periods of relevant documents. Keywords: antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, safety of organic products, organic livestock products, organic agricultural production, organic animal husbandry, legal regulation, quality of organic products

The article is devoted to the definition of the concept and types of subjects of legal relations in the field of organic agricultural production based on the analysis of doctrinal approaches and provisions of domestic and international law. Applying the approach «from general to specific» the concepts of «subjects of legal relations», «subjects of agrarian legal relations», «subjects of legal relations in the field of organic agricultural production» are investigated. It is concluded that the concept of «agricultural producer» is generalized and covers all producers of such products, regard less of the object of production and other characteristics of this entity and the production process. Formulated is the concept of «producer of organic products (raw materials)» – a subject of agrarian legal relations, which independently owns and disposes of separate property, in the property complex of which the main means of production is a natural object – agricultural land used by it for organic production, as well as processing of raw materials of plant and animal origin, or a fishery facility for the production and processing of aquaculture facilities in order to ensure food security, subject to compliance with environmental safety requirements. The basic constitutive features of producers of organic products (raw materials) are determined: the presence of a certificate of conformity and inclusion in the registers according to the legislation. It is substantiated that the main subjects of legal relations in the field of organic agricultural production are individuals and legal entities engaged in the production and/or circulation of products in accordance with the requirements of legislation in the field of organic production, circulation and labeling of organic products. Auxiliary subjects of legal relations in the research area are certification bodies, public authorities with powers in the field of regulation and control over such activities, as well as processing, procurement, marketing, supply, service and other agricultural entities, the public. Keywords: subject, legal relations, organic agricultural production, agricultural enterprise, producer of agricultural products, agricultural products, operator, certification body, organic products

The article is devoted to the analysis of the state of introducing a risk-oriented approach in the field of labor protection at the legislative level in Ukraine. It has been found that the main reason for the high level of production injuries and occupational diseases is bases the existing normative acts on labor protection on the «jet principle». The importance of introducing a risk-oriented approach to the organization of labor protection in Ukraine is emphasized as an objective need to withstand labor protection in our country for a qualitatively new level, and the need to comply with international standards in the field of security and health of employees. As a result of the analysis of prospective legislation on occupational safety, in particular the draft Law of Ukraine «On Safety and Health of Workers at Work», concludes on the election of the correct vector of renewal of labor protection legislation in terms of introducing a risk-oriented approach in the field of occupational safety. The draft Law of Ukraine «On Security and Health of Workers at Work» in general meets international standards in the field of occupational safety and allows to solve the main problems in terms of motivation of employers and employees to comply with the legislation on labor protection. This may contribute to the draft laws: about improvement of the settlement of employers' responsibility for violating the requirements of labor protection legislation; About the size and ways of forming the amount of financing of labor protection due to a preliminary assessment and analysis of industrial risks. An analyzed draft law in case of its adoption can reduce bureaucratic pressure on employers and give it a larger freedom to organize the protection of labor at the level of an entity, promptly responding to changes in production processes and economic conditions. Keywords: labor safety and health of the workers, legislation, bill, labor protection, production risk, system of labor protection

The article is devoted to the analysis of ecological and legal problems of rural development. Determined are main tendencies of ecological and agrarian policy of Ukraine in the aspect of development of rural territories. The analysis of legislative support for rural development showed that environmental protection measures, which are provided for in the relevant strategies, concepts, programs and other normative legal acts of a conceptual nature, do not contain mechanisms for their implementation and are not developed in current legislation. Based on the analysis of legal literature, national legislation and practice of its application, the need for a comprehensive, intersectoral approach to solving environmental and legal problems of rural development, given the inextricable link between the environmental component and socio-demographic and economic components of rural development. Keywords: state ecological policy, state agrarian policy, sustainable development, rural areas, environmental protection, environmental impact assessment, planning and development of territories

The article is devoted to the study of the current state of legal regulation of labor relations in family farms, analysis of legislative novelties and highlighting the main shortcomings in this area with the formulation of proposals for their elimination. It is established that the main directions of improving the regulation of labor relations of members of family farms should be: finalization of the provisions of the «Model agreement (declaration) on the establishment of a family farm» in terms of regulation of labor relations of members of such farms, and the lifting of restrictions on the use of family farms by employees without the loss of family status by such farms. Particular attention is paid to the problem of establishing as one of the conditions for family farms to receive additional financial support through the mechanism of additional payment in favor of insured persons – members / heads of family farms of a single contribution to compulsory state social insurance of absence of employees in such farms. It is proposed to abolish such a condition and, conversely, to compensate part of the SSC not only for the head / members of family farms, but also for employees of such farms in order to stimulate job creation, increase production in family farms. Keywords: state support, employee, legal regulation, labor, family farm, employment contract, labor relations, farm, member of the farm

The article is devoted to the investigation of the current state of legal regulation of provision of agricultural workers with personal protective equipment, analysis of legislative novelties and highlighting the main disadvantages in this area with the formulation of proposals for their elimination. It is defined that the legal framework for provision of workers of agricultural enterprises with personal protective equipment (hereinafter - PPE) is currently being updated, primarily due to Ukraine’s international and European integration obligations to adapt domestic legislation in this area to international requirements. It is proved that the main positive innovations are: the introduction of a combination of the mandatory minimum provision of workers by PPE with the possibility for the employer to decide on the provision of workers by PPE overtime; giving priority to means of collective protection over PPE; specification of the rights of workers to participate in resolving issues related to the their provision of PPE; regulation of the procedure for selecting PPE by the worker in excess of the established minimum norms. A number of measures are proposed to promote the practical implementation of the provisions of the Minimum Safety and Health Requirements for the use of personal protective equipment in the workplace: development of recommendations for employers to assess occupational risks in the workplace; provision of advisory services in the field of risk assessment at workplaces and on the selection of PPE above the established norms (such services may be provided by the State Labor Service of Ukraine); provision of workplace risk assessment services by the State Labor Service or other entities (this is especially relevant for small agricultural enterprises). A proposal was made to introduce incentives for employers to provide employees (including agricultural enterprises) with PPE by establishing the dependence of the amount of contributions for compulsory state insurance against accidents at work and occupational diseases on the level of occupational injuries / diseases at the enterprise. Keywords: occupational safety and health of workers, industrial risks, legislation, personal protective equipment, dangerous production factors, labor protection, legal regulation

The article analyzes the problems of the current state of legal regulation of labor relations in agricultural cooperatives. Prospects for the settlement of these relations in the context of labor reform and updating of agricultural legislation are investigated. According to the results of the study, a conclusion was made about the low degree of regulation of agrarian labor relations in agricultural cooperatives by the norms of agrarian law. It is determined that in the existing drafts of the Labor Code in terms of settlement of the studied relations a prominent place is given to the local level, which again brings us back to the problem of low level of labor relations with members of agricultural cooperatives by local acts. It is established that based on the provisions of the Law of Ukraine «On Agricultural Cooperation» dated 21.07.2020 № 819-IX the most acceptable way of legal registration of labor participation of members of agricultural cooperatives, will be the conclusion of employment contracts with such persons. It is stated that the abolition of mandatory labor participation of members of the cooperative in its activities and the complexity of regulating such relations in the future may lead to the spread of the practice of not establishing this condition in the statutes of such entities. It is proposed to develop a bylaw that would regulate the method and procedure for registration of relations on labor participation of members of the cooperative in its activities, determine the characteristics of the work of members of the cooperative. A proposal was made to include in the Law of Ukraine «On Agricultural Cooperation» № 819-IX norms on the peculiarities of the regulation of labor relations in agricultural cooperatives. Keywords: agrarian labor relations, cooperative, legal regulation, labor in agriculture, agricultural cooperative, labor relations, membership

The article describes the characteristics of modern legislation on the feed labeling, including the provisions of the Law of Ukraine «On Feed Safety and Hygiene». The attention is paid to determining the correspondence of national legislation on feed labeling with EU legislation. It is determined that the positive changes in the field of feed labeling include: dedication to this aspect of a separate section of the Law of Ukraine «On Feed Safety and Hygiene»; definition of the principles of feed labeling; differentiation of labeling into voluntary and mandatory; detailed regulation of general and specific labeling requirements for different types of feed; implementation of the State Catalog of Feed Materials and the State Register of Approvals on the Properties of Feeds for particular nutritional purposes; development of by-laws for the implementation of the provisions of this Law, including the part of feed labeling. It has been established that the updated legislation on feed labeling is entirely in line with international requirements and takes into account the provisions of the European Union acts, in particular, EU Regulation No 767/2009, EU Regulation No 1831/2003, EU Regulation No 1830/2003, and EU Regulation No 1829/2003. It is substantiated that the disadvantage of the new Law of Ukraine «On Feed Safety and Hygiene» is the lack of provisions in it about feed obtained from organic production. The relevant changes to this regulation are proposed. Keywords : feed, feed additives, premix, legal support, labeling, label, general labeling requirements, special labeling requirements, animals, European Union legislation

U ovom su radu analizirani karbonizirani biljni ostaci koji potječu iz tumula XI s arheološkog lokaliteta Kaptol-Čemernica kraj Požege (10 uzoraka ukupne količine 239 litara sedimenta). Lokalitet datira iz starijeg željeznog doba (halštat, Ha C1, početak 7. st. pr. Kr.). Uzorci su prikupljani tijekom 2007. godine. Ukupno je determinirano 2404 biljnih makrofosila koji uključuju sjemenke, pljeve i plodove. Najbrojniji su nalazi žitarica (Triticum aestivum kao najzastupljenija, Triticum dicoccum, Triticum spelta, Avena sativa i Secale cereale). U manjim količinama pronađene su korovne primjese usjeva i korisne samonikle biljke. Makrofosili su pronađeni unutar tumula zajedno sa ulomcima keramike i gara. U radu je napravljena usporedba nalaza tumula XI s ostalim arheobotaničkim nalazima s lokaliteta Kaptol-Gradci te usporedba s ostalim arheološkim lokalitetima halštatskog kulturnog kompleksa u Hrvatskoj. In this paper, carbonized plant remains were analyzed originating from tumulus XI from the archaeological site Kaptol-Čemernica near Požega (10 samples, with a total volume of 239 liters). The locality dates from the Early Iron Age (Hallstatt period, Ha C1, beginning of 7th century BC). Samples were collected during 2007. A total of 2404 plant macro-fossils were identified, including seeds, grains, chaff, and fruits. The most numerous are cereals (Triticum aestivum as the most numerous, Triticum dicoccum, Triticum spelta, Avena sativa and Secale cereale). Weeds of crops and useful wild plants were found in smaller quantities. Macrofossils were found inside the tumulus along with fragments of pottery and charcoal. The paper compares the findings of tumulus XI with other archaeobotanical finds from the Kaptol-Gradci site and a comparison with other archeological sites of the Hallstatt cultural complex in Croatia.

Motnja pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti (ADHD) je ena najpogosteje diagnosticiranih motenj v otroštvu. Kljub temu, da otroci z motnjo pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti znake motnje lahko kažejo že v predšolski dobi, jih je večina prepoznana šele v šolskem obdobju. Ker so v predšolskem obdobju vzgojitelji običajno tisti, ki z otrokom, poleg staršev, preživijo dobršni del dneva, so lahko v predšolskem obdobju ravno vzgojitelji tisti, ki opozorijo na težave in znake, značilne za ADHD. Za ustrezno prepoznavanje znakov motnje in razumevanje težav pa vzgojitelji potrebujejo kar nekaj znanja o značilnostih ADHD, o naravi in vzrokih motnje ter ustreznih oblikah pomoči. V diplomskem delu sem raziskovala znanje in prepričanja vzgojiteljev predšolskih otrok o motnji pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti. V teoretičnem delu sem predstavila značilnosti motnje, značilnosti poučevanja predšolskih otrok z ADHD in primerne prilagoditve. V empiričnem delu sem s pomočjo treh vprašalnikov v prvem delu raziskala kje in kako so se vzgojitelji predšolskih otrok izobraževali o motnji pozornosti in hiperaktivnosti ter ali že imajo izkušnje s poučevanjem otrok z ADHD. Preverila sem znanje in prepričanja vzgojiteljev predšolskih otrok o ADHD in o otrocih z ADHD. Vzgojitelji so na vprašalniku Znanje o ADHD imeli povprečno 56% pravilnost odgovorov, ugotovila pa sem, da prihaja do statistično pomembnih razlik v znanju vzgojiteljev glede na pridobljeno stopnjo izobrazbe (strokovni delavci z univerzitetno stopnjo izobrazbe so imeli več znanja o ADHD), statistično pomembna razlika pa se je pokazala tudi v znanju strokovnih delavcev, ki so se o ADHD še dodatno izobraževali. Attention deficit and hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is one of the most often diagnosed disabilities in childhood. Despite the fact that children with ADHD show signs of disability in preschool, they are often diagnosed in primary school. Preschool teachers are the one, beside parents, that spend the most time with the child and can recognize the first signs of ADHD. For proper recognition of the signs and understanding of the disability the preschool teachers need some knowledge about characteristics of ADHD, nature and causes of ADHD and efficient ways of support and help. In this diploma I have researched the knowledge and attitudes of preschool teachers about preschool children with ADHD. In the first part I have presented characteristics of ADHD, characteristics of teaching preschool children with ADHD and appropriate adaptations. In the empirical part I researched where and how did the preschool teachers educate themselves about ADHD and if they have any experience teaching children with ADHD, with the help of three questionnaires. I also investigated the knowledge and attitudes of preschool teachers about ADHD and toward students with ADHD. The percentages correct on the Knowledge about ADHD Questionnaire were Preschool teachers achieved an average of 56%. A significant difference were documented for educational level of preschool teachers (teachers with university level of education had more knowledge about ADHD). Statistically important differences were also noted in the knowledge of professional workers that had additional education about ADHD.

Spolnost predstavlja eno izmed temeljnih človekovih potreb in pravic, ki je bila osebam z motnjami v duševnem razvoju tekom zgodovine večkrat odvzeta. Ker so osebe z motnjami v duševnem razvoju lahko pogosteje izpostavljene spolnim zlorabam, imajo težave pri izražanju spolnosti na socialno sprejemljiv način ter manj znanja s področja spolnega zdravja in zaščite, predstavlja spolna edukacija enega izmed učinkovitejših preventivnih dejavnikov (Bratković, 2011 Heighway, Kidd Webster, 2008 Petersilia, 2000 O'Callaghan in Murphy, 2007 Servais, 2006). Glavni cilj magistrskega dela je bil ugotoviti stopnjo doseženega znanja, razvitih veščin in stališč odraslih oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju do posameznih tematik s področja spolnosti pred in po izvedbi edukacije. Prav tako smo želeli na podlagi spolne edukacije doseči napredek pri znanju in veščinah s področja spolnosti. V teoretičnem delu nas je zanimalo, kakšni so načini in zmožnosti zagotavljanja pravice do spolnosti posameznikom z motnjami v duševnem razvoju preko izobraževanja in v sklopu bivanjskih skupnosti. V kratkem povzamemo splošne zakonitosti spolnega razvoja in v nadaljevanju večji poudarek namenjamo značilnostim spolnega razvoja oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju. Največjo pozornost posvečamo predstavitvi aktualnih ciljev in vsebin programov spolne edukacije za odraslo populacijo oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju ter aktualnim raziskovanjem in novostim na mednarodni in nacionalni ravni. V empiričnem delu smo predstavili primer izvajanja spolne edukacije za odraslo populacijo oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju v eni izmed stanovanjskih enot. Zaradi manjšega števila sodelujočih je bila uporabljena opisna statistika, ki je predstavljena v grafični in tabelarični obliki. Glavnino predstavlja interpretacija rezultatov pred in po izvajanju edukacije. Rezultati so bili pridobljeni na podlagi strukturiranega intervjuja znanj in stališč o spolnosti (Heighway, Kidd Webster, 2008), ki je bil preveden in prilagojen za namen pričujočega dela. Intervju je preverjal znanja, veščine in stališča s področij razumevanja odnosov, socialnih interakcij, znanja o spolnosti in asertivnosti. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali napredek na področju razumevanja odnosov in znanja o spolnosti, medtem ko so bili rezultati s področja socialnih odnosov in asertivnosti nekoliko nižji. V skupnem seštevku vseh področij je opazen manjši napredek v znanju in veščinah. V zaključnem delu so predstavljene skupne ugotovitve in priporočila za nadaljnje delo na področju spolne edukacije odraslih z motnjami v duševnem razvoju. Sexuality is one of the basic human needs and rights, which has been in the course of the history many times taken away from the persons with intellectual disabilities. Persons with intellectual disabilities are more often exposed to sexual abuse and also have difficulties with expressing sexuality in a socially acceptable way, as well as less knowledge in the field of sexual health and protection. Therefore, sex education presents one of the most effective preventive factors (Bratković, 2011 Heighway, Kidd Webster, 2008 Petersilia, 2000 O'Callaghan in Murphy, 2007 Servais, 2006). The main purpose of the master´s thesis was to establish a level of the acquired knowledge, developed skills and perspectives of the adult persons with intellectual disabilities toward individual topics in the field of sexuality prior and after the implementation of the education. Further, on the basis of sex education, we also wanted to achieve a progress in knowledge and skills in the field of sexuality. In the theoretical part, we were interested in what ways and capabilities are available to ensure the right for sexuality to individuals with intellectual disabilities throughout education and within the living communities. Shortly, we summarize general laws of nature of the sexual development, and further we focus on the characteristics of the sexual development of persons with intellectual disabilities. The greatest focus is on the presentation of the current objectives and programmes of the sex education for the adult population of persons with intellectual disabilities, as well as the current researches and novelties at international and national level. In the empirical part, we have presented an example of implementation of the sex education for the adult population of persons with intellectual disabilities in one of the living communities. Due to the smaller number of the participants, a descriptive statistics has been used which was presented in graphical and tabular form. The majority is presented by interpretation of the results prior and after the education. The results were obtained based on the Sexual Attitudes and Knowledge (S.A.K.) Assessment (Heighway, Kidd Webster, 2008). The interview was translated and adapted for the purpose of this thesis. The interview has checked knowledge, skills, and perspectives in the field of understanding of relationships, social interactions, knowledge on sexuality, and assertiveness. The results revealed a progress in the field of understanding of relationships and knowledge on sexuality, while the results in the field of social interactions and assertiveness were slightly lower. In total, in all fields a slight progress can be noticed in knowledge and skills. In the final part, common findings and recommendations for further work in the field of sex education of adult persons with intellectual disabilities are presented.

Diplomska naloga obravnava zavlačevanje izvršbe s strani dolžnikov. Izvršba je namreč izredno pomemben del sodnega varstva, saj mora biti strankam zagotovljeno, da lahko svoje pravice uresničijo, ne le da so jim priznane. Izvršilni postopek mora zato biti učinkovit, hiter ter mora onemogočati zavlačevanje. V diplomski nalogi je tako predstavljeno, na kakšen način dolžniki v praksi zavlačujejo postopek izvršbe, prav tako je opisan tudi sistem izvršbe v Nemčiji ter predlogi, ki bi dolžnikom onemogočili zavlačevanje postopka. Zavlačevanje je obravnavano tudi z vidika zlorabe pravice tako s strani strank kot odvetnikov. Graduation thesis discusses with delay in execution by debtor. Enforcement is extremely important part of justice, because it must be assured to the parties that they can realize their rights, not only that rights are recognized to them. Over the course of this work is presented how debtors delay enforcement procedure in practise and how enforcement procedure is organized in Germany as well as suggestions which could help prevent delaying of procedure. Delaying is also discussed in terms of abuse of rights by parties as well as lawyers.

U ovom radu analizirane su filozofske, lingvističke i komunikacijske značajke ljudskog jezika te su saznanja primijenjena na hrvatski jezik. U skladu s glavnim tezama u prvom dijelu rada zavisnosložene rečenice ili uglavnom odnosne rečenice definirane su slijedeći deset različitih gramatika hrvatskog jezika te su te definicije preispitane u drugom dijelu rada.