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1. Evaluation of Diagnostic Imaging Capacity and the Role for Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) within the Zanzibar Health System

Author: Abiola A. Fasina, Anthony J. Dean, Nova L. Panebianco, Frances S. Shofer, Omar Ali, Mwajuma Yahya, Salim Ismail, and Patricia C. Henwood
Subjects: Zanzibar, ultrasound, point of care, obstetrics, training, Tanzania, Internal medicine, RC31-1245, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract: Background: The Zanzibar Ministry of Health identified access to ultrasound (US) as a system priority due to limited diagnostic imaging capacity and consequent impact on patient care and requested a needs assessment in this regard. As a result, the objective of this study was to assess diagnostic imaging capacity focusing on ultrasound in Zanzibar, including health care providers’ (HCPs) current training, use, and barriers to implementation. Methods: A previously published ultrasound needs assessment survey was modified and administered on-site at the eight public hospitals in Zanzibar among a convenience sample of HCPs. Demographics, perceived US needs, current training and practice, and availability of specialty support were assessed. HCPs also completed focused personal interviews (FPIs) to explore experience with training, interests, and barriers to ultrasound. On-site diagnostic imaging modalities were assessed. Results: There were nine ultrasound machines present at six of the eight public hospitals assessed. All had x-ray, but only one had a CT scanner and a radiologist. There was no MRI capacity at the hospitals assessed at the time of the study. Survey data among 40 participants revealed that prior experience with POCUS was limited with only 10% reporting any prior ultrasound training or experience. The majority of those surveyed (72%), indicated a ‘high’ interest in learning ultrasound. Of those reporting interest in POCUS applications, obstetrics was the most often cited (70%). Lack of ultrasound machines (40%) and educators (28%) were identified as the greatest barriers. Conclusion: HCPs in Zanzibar have limited access to diagnostic imaging, including ultrasound, and expressed a high level of interest in learning point-of-care ultrasound. A shortage of machines and educators are the main barriers to widespread use. Obstetrics is the application for which ultrasound is currently most used and is the application HCPs are most interested in learning. Equipment and educational support for a POCUS program could improve care by increasing access to diagnostic imaging.
Published: 2021
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2. Ultrasound evaluation of the airway in the ED: a feasibility study

Author: Elizabeth A. Hall, Ibrahim Showaihi, Frances S. Shofer, Nova L. Panebianco, and Anthony J. Dean
Subjects: Point-of-care ultrasound, Upper airway ultrasound, Airway management, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920
Abstract: Abstract Background Recognition of the difficult airway is a critical element of emergency practice. Mallampati score and body mass index (BMI) are not always predictive and they may be unavailable in critically ill patients. Ultrasonography provides high-resolution images that are rapidly obtainable, mobile, and non-invasive. Studies have shown correlation of ultrasound measurements with difficult laryngoscopy; however, none have been performed in the Emergency Department (ED) using a consistent scanning protocol. Objectives This study seeks to determine the feasibility of ultrasound measurements of the upper airway performed in the ED by emergency physicians, the inter-rater reliability of such measurements, and their relationship with Mallampati score and BMI. Methods A convenience sample of volunteer ED patients and healthy volunteers with no known airway issues, aged > 18 years, had images taken of their airway using a standardized ultrasound scanning protocol by two EM ultrasound fellowship trained physicians. Measurements consisted of tongue base, tongue base-to-skin, epiglottic width and thickness, and pre-epiglottic space. Mean and standard deviation (SD) were used to summarize measurements. Inter-rater reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Analysis of variance with linear contrasts was used to compare measurements with Mallampati scores and linear regression with BMI. Results Of 39 participants, 50% were female, 50% white, 42% black, with median age 32.5 years (range 19–90), and BMI 26.0 (range 19–47). Mean ± SD for each measurement (mm) was as follows: tongue base (44.6 ± 5.1), tongue base-to-skin (60.9 ± 5.3), epiglottic width (15.0 ± 2.8) and thickness (2.0 ± 0.37), and pre-epiglottic space (11.4 ± 2.4). ICCs ranged from 0.76 to 0.88 for all measurements except epiglottis thickness (ICC = 0.57). Tongue base and tongue base-to-skin thickness were found to increase with increasing Mallampati score (p = .04, .01), whereas only tongue-to-skin thickness was loosely correlated with BMI (r = .38). Conclusions A standardized ultrasound scanning protocol demonstrates that the airway can be measured by emergency sonologists with good inter-operator reliability in all but epiglottic thickness. The measurements correlate with Mallampati score but not with BMI. Future investigation might focus on ultrasound evaluation of the airway in patients receiving airway management to determine whether ultrasound can predict challenging or abnormal airway anatomy prior to laryngoscopy.
Published: 2018
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3. 12th WINFOCUS world congress on ultrasound in emergency and critical care

Author: Yahya Acar, Onur Tezel, Necati Salman, Erdem Cevik, Margarita Algaba-Montes, Alberto Oviedo-García, Mayra Patricio-Bordomás, Mustafa Z. Mahmoud, Abdelmoneim Sulieman, Abbas Ali, Alrayah Mustafa, Ihab Abdelrahman, Mustafa Bahar, Osama Ali, H. Lester Kirchner, Gregor Prosen, Ajda Anzic, Paul Leeson, Maryam Bahreini, Fatemeh Rasooli, Houman Hosseinnejad, Gabriel Blecher, Robert Meek, Diana Egerton-Warburton, Edina Ćatić Ćuti, Stanko Belina, Tihomir Vančina, Idriz Kovačević, Nadan Rustemović, Ikwan Chang, Jin Hee Lee, Young Ho Kwak, Do Kyun Kim, Chi-Yung Cheng, Hsiu-Yung Pan, Chia-Te Kung, Ela Ćurčić, Ena Pritišanac, Ivo Planinc, Marijana Grgić Medić, Radovan Radonić, Abiola Fasina, Anthony J. Dean, Nova L. Panebianco, Patricia S. Henwood, Oliviero Fochi, Moreno Favarato, Ezio Bonanomi, Ivan Tomić, Youngrock Ha, Hongchuen Toh, Elizabeth Harmon, Wilma Chan, Cameron Baston, Gail Morrison, Frances Shofer, Angela Hua, Sharon Kim, James Tsung, Isa Gunaydin, Zeynep Kekec, Mehmet Oguzhan Ay, Jinjoo Kim, Jinhyun Kim, Gyoosung Choi, Dowon Shim, Ji-Han Lee, Jana Ambrozic, Katja Prokselj, Miha Lucovnik, Gabrijela Brzan Simenc, Asta Mačiulienė, Almantas Maleckas, Algimantas Kriščiukaitis, Vytautas Mačiulis, Andrius Macas, Sharad Mohite, Zoltan Narancsik, Hugon Možina, Sara Nikolić, Jan Hansel, Rok Petrovčič, Una Mršić, Simon Orlob, Markus Lerchbaumer, Niklas Schönegger, Reinhard Kaufmann, Chun-I Pan, Chien-Hung Wu, Sarah Pasquale, Stephanie J. Doniger, Sharon Yellin, Gerardo Chiricolo, Maja Potisek, Borut Drnovšek, Boštjan Leskovar, Kristine Robinson, Clara Kraft, Benjamin Moser, Stephen Davis, Shelley Layman, Yusef Sayeed, Joseph Minardi, Irmina Sefic Pasic, Amra Dzananovic, Anes Pasic, Sandra Vegar Zubovic, Ana Godan Hauptman, Ana Vujaklija Brajkovic, Jaksa Babel, Marina Peklic, Vedran Radonic, Luka Bielen, Peh Wee Ming, Nur hafiza Yezid, Fatahul Laham Mohammed, Zainal Abidin Huda, Wan Nasarudin Wan Ismail, W. Yus Haniff W. Isa, Hashairi Fauzi, Praveena Seeva, and Mohd Zulfakar Mazlan
Subjects: Emergency Department, Inferior Vena Cava, Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, Emergency Physician, Uterine Rupture, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920
Abstract: Table of contents A1 Point-of-care ultrasound examination of cervical spine in emergency department Yahya Acar, Onur Tezel, Necati Salman A2 A new technique in verifying the placement of a nasogastric tube: obtaining the longitudinal view of nasogastric tube in addition to transverse view with ultrasound Yahya Acar, Necati Salman, Onur Tezel, Erdem Cevik A3 Pseudoaneurysm of the femoral artery after cannulation of a central venous line. Should we always use ultrasound in these procedures? Margarita Algaba-Montes, Alberto Oviedo-García, Mayra Patricio-Bordomás A4 Ultrasound-guided supraclavicular subclavian vein catheterization. A novel approach in emergency department Margarita Algaba-Montes, Alberto Oviedo-García, Mayra Patricio-Bordomás A5 Clinical ultrasound in a septic and jaundice patient in the emergency department Margarita Algaba-Montes, Alberto Oviedo-García, Mayra Patricio-Bordomás A6 Characterization of the eyes in preoperative cataract Saudi patients by using medical diagnostic ultrasound Mustafa Z. Mahmoud, Abdelmoneim Sulieman A7 High-frequency ultrasound in determining the causes of acute shoulder joint pain Mustafa Z. Mahmoud A8 Teaching WINFOCUS Ultrasound Life Support Basic Level 1 for Providers in resource-limited countries Abbas Ali, Alrayah Mustafa, Ihab Abdelrahman, Mustafa Bahar, Osama Ali, H. Lester Kirchner, Gregor Prosen A9 Changes of arterial stiffness and endothelial function during uncomplicated pregnancy Ajda Anzic, Paul Leeson A10 Cardiovascular haemodynamic properties before, during and after pregnancy Ajda Anzic, Paul Leeson A11 An old man with generalized weakness Maryam Bahreini, Fatemeh Rasooli A12 Ultrasonography for non-specific presentations of abdominal pain Maryam Bahreini, Houman Hosseinnejad A13 Introduction of a new imaging guideline for suspected renal colic in the emergency department: effect on CT Urogram utilisation Gabriel Blecher, Robert Meek, Diana Egerton-Warburton A14 Transabdominal ultrasound screening for pancreatic cancer in Croatian military veterans: a retrospective analysis from the first Croatian veteran’s hospital Edina Ćatić Ćuti, Stanko Belina, Tihomir Vančina, Idriz Kovačević A15 The challenge of AAA: unusual case of obstructive jaundice Edina Ćatić Ćuti, Nadan Rustemović A16 Educational effectiveness of easy-made new simulator model for ultrasound-guided procedures in pediatric patients: vascular access and foreign body management Ikwan Chang, Jin Hee Lee, Young Ho Kwak, Do Kyun Kim A17 Detection of uterine rupture by point-of-care ultrasound at emergency department: a case report Chi-Yung Cheng, Hsiu-Yung Pan, Chia-Te Kung A18 Abdominal probe in the hands of interns as a relevant diagnostic tool in revealing the cause of heart failure Ela Ćurčić, Ena Pritišanac, Ivo Planinc, Marijana Grgić Medić, Radovan Radonić A19 Needs assessment of the potential utility of point-of-care ultrasound within the Zanzibar health system Abiola Fasina, Anthony J. Dean, Nova L. Panebianco, Patricia S. Henwood A20 Ultrasonographic diagnosis of tracheal compression Oliviero Fochi, Moreno Favarato, Ezio Bonanomi A21 The role of ultrasound in the detection of lung infiltrates in critically ill patients: a pilot study Marijana Grgić Medić, Ivan Tomić, Radovan Radonić A22 The SAFER Lasso; a novel approach using point-of-care ultrasound to evaluate patients with abdominal complaints in the emergency department Youngrock Ha, Hongchuen Toh A23 Awareness and use of clinician-performed ultrasound among clinical clerkship faculty Elizabeth Harmon, Wilma Chan, Cameron Baston, Gail Morrison, Frances Shofer, Nova Panebianco, Anthony J. Dean A24 Clinical outcomes in the use of lung ultrasound for the diagnosis of pediatric pneumonias Angela Hua, Sharon Kim, James Tsung A25 Effectiveness of ultrasound in hypotensive patients Isa Gunaydin, Zeynep Kekec, Mehmet Oguzhan Ay A26 Moderate-to-severe left ventricular ejection fraction related to short-term mortality of patients with post-cardiac arrest syndrome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest Jinjoo Kim, Jinhyun Kim, Gyoosung Choi, Dowon Shim A27 Usefulness of abdominal ultrasound for acute pyelonephritis diagnosis after kidney transplantation Ji-Han Lee A28 Lung ultrasound for assessing fluid tolerance in severe preeclampsia Jana Ambrozic, Katja Prokselj, Miha Lucovnik A29 Optic nerve sheath ultrasound in severe preeclampsia Gabrijela Brzan Simenc, Jana Ambrozic, Miha Lucovnik A30 Focused echocardiography monitoring in the postoperative period for non-cardiac patients Asta Mačiulienė, Almantas Maleckas, Algimantas Kriščiukaitis, Vytautas Mačiulis, Andrius Macas A31 POCUS-guided paediatric upper limb fracture reduction: algorithm, tricks, and tips Sharad Mohite A32 Point-of-care lung ultrasound: a good diagnostic tool for pneumonia in a septic patient Zoltan Narancsik, Hugon Možina A33 A case of undergraduate POCUS (r)evolution Sara Nikolić, Jan Hansel, Rok Petrovčič, Una Mršić, Gregor Prosen A34 The Graz Summer School for ultrasound: from first contact to bedside application: three-and-a-half-day undergraduate ultrasound training: résumé after two years of continuous development Simon Orlob, Markus Lerchbaumer, Niklas Schönegger, Reinhard Kaufmann A35 Usefulness of point-of-care ultrasound in the emergency room in a patient with acute abdominal pain Alberto Oviedo-García, Margarita Algaba-Montes, Mayra Patricio-Bordomás A36 Use of bedside ultrasound in a critically ill patient. A case report Alberto Oviedo-García, Margarita Algaba-Montes, Mayra Patricio-Bordomás A37 Diagnostic yield of clinical echocardiography for the emergency physician Alberto Oviedo-García, Margarita Algaba-Montes, Mayra Patricio-Bordomás A38 Focused cardiac ultrasound in early diagnosis of type A aortic dissection with atypical presentation Chun-I Pan, Hsiu-Yung Pan, Chien-Hung Wu A39 Detection of imperforated hymen by point-of-care ultrasound Hsiu-yung Pan, Chia-Te Kung A40 Developing a point-of-care ultrasound curriculum for pediatric nurse practitioners practicing in the pediatric emergency department Sarah Pasquale, Stephanie J. Doniger, Sharon Yellin, Gerardo Chiricolo A41 Use of transthoracic echocardiography in emergency setting: patient with mitral valve abscess Maja Potisek, Borut Drnovšek, Boštjan Leskovar A42 A young man with syncope Fatemeh Rasooli, Maryam Bahreini A43 Work-related repetitive use injuries in ultrasound fellows Kristine Robinson, Clara Kraft, Benjamin Moser, Stephen Davis, Shelley Layman, Yusef Sayeed, Joseph Minardi A44 Lung ultrasonography in the evaluation of pneumonia in children Irmina Sefic Pasic, Amra Dzananovic, Anes Pasic, Sandra Vegar Zubovic A45 Central venous catheter placement with the ultrasound aid: two years’ experience of the Interventional unit, Division of Intensive Care Medicine, KBC Zagreb Ana Godan Hauptman, Marijana Grgic Medic, Ivan Tomic, Ana Vujaklija Brajkovic, Jaksa Babel, Marina Peklic, Radovan Radonic A46 Duplicitas casui: two patients admitted due to acute liver failure Vedran Radonic, Ivan Tomic, Luka Bielen, Marijana Grgic Medic A47 A pilot survey on an understanding of Bedside Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) among medical doctors in internal medicine: exposure, perceptions, interest, and barriers to training Peh Wee Ming A48 Unusual case of defecation syncope Nur hafiza Yezid, Fatahul Laham Mohammed A49 A case report of massive pulmonary embolism; a multidisciplinary approach Zainal Abidin Huda, Wan Nasarudin Wan Ismail, W.Yus Haniff W.Isa, Hashairi Fauzi, Praveena Seeva, Mohd Zulfakar Mazlan
Published: 2016
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4. Evaluation of Diagnostic Imaging Capacity and the Role for Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) within the Zanzibar Health System

Author: Mwajuma Yahya, Omar Ali, Frances S. Shofer, Anthony J. Dean, Nova L. Panebianco, Abiola Fasina, Patricia C. Henwood, and Salim Ismail
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Modalities, business.industry, Point of care ultrasound, education, Specialty, Limited access, Health care, Needs assessment, medicine, Medical imaging, Medical physics, business, Point of care
Abstract: Background: The Zanzibar Ministry of Health identified access to ultrasound (US) as a system priority due to limited diagnostic imaging capacity and consequent impact on patient care and requested a needs assessment in this regard. As a result, the objective of this study was to assess diagnostic imaging capacity focusing on ultrasound in Zanzibar, including health care providers’ (HCPs) current training, use, and barriers to implementation. Methods: A previously published ultrasound needs assessment survey was modified and administered on-site at the eight public hospitals in Zanzibar among a convenience sample of HCPs. Demographics, perceived US needs, current training and practice, and availability of specialty support were assessed. HCPs also completed focused personal interviews (FPIs) to explore experience with training, interests, and barriers to ultrasound. On-site diagnostic imaging modalities were assessed. Results: There were nine ultrasound machines present at six of the eight public hospitals assessed. All had x-ray, but only one had a CT scanner and a radiologist. There was no MRI capacity at the hospitals assessed at the time of the study. Survey data among 40 participants revealed that prior experience with POCUS was limited with only 10% reporting any prior ultrasound training or experience. The majority of those surveyed (72%), indicated a ‘high’ interest in learning ultrasound. Of those reporting interest in POCUS applications, obstetrics was the most often cited (70%). Lack of ultrasound machines (40%) and educators (28%) were identified as the greatest barriers. Conclusion: HCPs in Zanzibar have limited access to diagnostic imaging, including ultrasound, and expressed a high level of interest in learning point-of-care ultrasound. A shortage of machines and educators are the main barriers to widespread use. Obstetrics is the application for which ultrasound is currently most used and is the application HCPs are most interested in learning. Equipment and educational support for a POCUS program could improve care by increasing access to diagnostic imaging.
Published: 2021

5. Effect of Machine Settings on Ultrasound Assessment of B‐lines

Author: Anthony J. Dean, Isaac Matthias, Cameron Baston, Mitchell G. Maltenfort, and Nova L. Panebianco
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, gain, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Focal zone, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, focal zone, harmonics, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Medical physics, CLIPS, computer.programming_language, Original Research, lung ultrasound, settings, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Ultrasound, Emergency department, Confidence interval, Lung ultrasound, B‐lines, business, computer
Abstract: OBJECTIVES B-lines are a lung ultrasound (LUS) artifact that often indicate pathology. Little is known about the optimal ultrasound machine settings to assess B-lines. We compared settings typically used to evaluate B-lines at our institution with adjusted settings based on recent studies. METHODS In order to determine typical settings for B-line assessment, we retrospectively reviewed LUS images obtained at our institution. We then prospectively performed LUS with both typical and adjusted settings, using curvilinear and phased array probes, in 20 patients presenting to the emergency department with shortness of breath. The prospectively obtained clips were rated for quality and quantity of B-lines by 14 clinicians with experience in LUS, with 1 assigned for typical settings "much greater," 2 for typical settings "slightly greater," 3 for both settings "similar," 4 for adjusted settings "slightly greater," and 5 for adjusted settings "much greater." RESULTS Mean ratings and 95% confidence intervals significantly exceeded the null value of 3 for both B line quality (curvilinear probe: 4.68, 4.50-4.85; phased array probe: 4.02, 3.70-4.35) and B line quantity (curvilinear probe: 4.16, 3.84-4.49; phased array probe: 3.68, 3.41-3.96). CONCLUSIONS B-line quality and quantity were rated higher using adjusted settings based on recently published evidence than when using settings that are typically employed in our institution. Our findings suggest that B-line assessment should be performed with focal zone at the level of the pleura, harmonics off, and gain increased in the far field.
Published: 2020

6. Creating a more racial-ethnic inclusive clinical ultrasound community

Author: Javier Rosario, Resa E. Lewiss, Lori A. Stolz, Marina Del Rios, Josie Acuña, Srikar Adhikari, David Amponsah, Almaz S. Dessie, Michael Gottlieb, Robert D. Huang, Jodi Jones, Adaira Landry, Rachel B. Liu, Lorraine Ng, Nova L. Panebianco, Anthony J. Weekes, and Starr Knight
Subjects: Racial Groups, Emergency Medicine, Ethnicity, Humans, General Medicine, United States, Ultrasonography
Published: 2021

7. Evaluation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest using transesophageal echocardiography in the emergency department

Author: Benjamin S. Abella, Claire Centeno, Anthony J. Dean, Wilma Chan, Amy J. Zeidan, Nova L. Panebianco, and Felipe Teran
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Resuscitation, Defibrillation, Point-of-Care Systems, medicine.medical_treatment, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Emergency Nursing, Return of spontaneous circulation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Intubation, Prospective Studies, Asystole, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Emergency department, Thrombolysis, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Ventricular fibrillation, Emergency Medicine, Cardiology, Female, Emergency Service, Hospital, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, human activities, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Abstract: Background Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has been proposed as a modality to assess patients in the setting of cardiac arrest, both during resuscitation care and following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). In this study we aimed to assess the feasibility and clinical impact of TEE during the emergency department (ED) evaluation during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Materials and methods We conducted a prospective observational study consisting of a convenience sample of adult patients presenting to the ED of an urban university medical center with non-traumatic OHCA. TEE was performed by emergency physicians following intubation. Images and clinical data were analyzed. TEE was used intra-arrest in order to assist in diagnosis, assess cardiac activity and determine CPR quality by assessing area of maximal compression (AMC), using a 4 view protocol. Results A total of 33 OHCA patients were enrolled over a one-year period, 21 patients (64%) presented with ongoing CPR and 12 (36%) presented with ROSC. The 4-view protocol was completed in 100% of the cases, with an average time from ED arrival to TEE of 12 min (min 3 max 30 SD 8.16). Fine ventricular fibrillation (VF) was recognized in 4 (12%) cases thought to be in asystole, leading to defibrillation, and 2 cases of pseudo-PEA were identified. Right ventricular (RV) dilation, was seen in 12 (57%) intraarrest cases. Intra-cardiac thrombus was found in one case, leading to thrombolysis. The AMC was identified over the aortic root or LVOT in 53% of cases. TEE was found to have diagnostic, therapeutic or prognostic clinical impact in 32 of the 33 cases (97%). Conclusions TEE is feasible and clinically impactful during OHCA management. Resuscitative TEE may allow for characterization of cardiac activity, including identification of pseudo-PEA and fine VF, determination of reversible pathology, and optimization of CPR quality.
Published: 2019

8. Geriatric‐Oriented Point‐of‐Care Ultrasound Curriculum During Geriatric Fellowship: A Pilot Study

Author: Frances S. Shofer, Rachel K. Miller, Wilma Chan, Danny D. E. Kim, Nova L. Panebianco, Bruce Kinosian, and Joshua Uy
Subjects: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, business.industry, Point-of-Care Systems, Point of care ultrasound, Pilot Projects, Nursing, Geriatrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Medicine, Curriculum, Fellowships and Scholarships, Program Development, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Aged, Ultrasonography
Published: 2020

9. Emergency Department Patient Perceptions of Transvaginal Ultrasound for Complications of First-Trimester Pregnancy

Author: Katie J. O’Conor, Cameron Baston, Frances S. Shofer, Adel Alghamdi, Lakeisha Mulugeta, Nova L. Panebianco, Evan Suzuki, Anthony J. Dean, and Tristan Wihbey
Subjects: Pregnancy, medicine.medical_specialty, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Visual analogue scale, business.industry, Obstetrics, media_common.quotation_subject, Embarrassment, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Emergency department, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Transvaginal ultrasound, Interquartile range, medicine, Anxiety, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 030212 general & internal medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Pelvic examination, media_common
Abstract: OBJECTIVES Emergency department (ED) transvaginal ultrasound (US) is underused in clinical practice. This study assessed pregnant women's perceptions of ED transvaginal US in terms of pain, embarrassment, anxiety, and willingness to receive the procedure. Secondary variables include physicians' perceptions of patients' experiences. METHODS Women undergoing US examinations for complications of first-trimester pregnancy were prospectively surveyed before any US and after ED and/or radiology transvaginal US. Patients' and physicians' assessments of pain, embarrassment, and anxiety were measured with visual analog scales (0-100). RESULTS A total of 398 women were enrolled. In the pre-US survey, the median anxiety score was 14 (interquartile range, 3-51), and 96% of patients were willing to have an ED transvaginal US if necessary. Of those who had ED transvaginal US, 96% would agree to have another examination. Patients reported minimal pain/embarrassment, and there was no difference if performed in the ED versus radiology (median pain, 11.5 versus 13; P = .433; median embarrassment, 7 versus 4; P = .345). Of the 48 who had both ED and radiology transvaginal US, 85% thought the ED transvaginal US was worthwhile. Physicians accurately assessed patient's embarrassment and pain (mean differences, 3.5 and -1.9, respectively; P > .25 for both); however, they overestimated them relative to the pelvic examination (mean difference for embarrassment, 12.8; P
Published: 2018

10. Effect of Inhalational Anesthetics and Positive-pressure Ventilation on Ultrasound Assessment of the Great Vessels

Author: Nova L. Panebianco, Aaron E. Chen, Akira Nishisaki, Thomas Conlon, Elaina E. Lin, Dustin Carlson, Na Rae Ju, and Jason Kopenitz
Subjects: business.industry, medicine.drug_class, Ultrasound, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Blood volume, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Inferior vena cava, Inhalational anaesthetic, Sevoflurane, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Great vessels, medicine.vein, Anesthesia, cardiovascular system, Medicine, Prospective cohort study, business, Positive end-expiratory pressure, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background Bedside ultrasound has emerged as a rapid, noninvasive tool for assessment and monitoring of fluid status in children. The inferior vena cava (IVC) varies in size with changes in blood volume and intrathoracic pressure, but the magnitude of change to the IVC with inhalational anesthetic and positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) is unknown. Methods Prospective observational study of 24 healthy children aged 1 to 12 yr scheduled for elective surgery. Ultrasound images of the IVC and aorta were recorded at five time points: awake; spontaneous ventilation with sevoflurane by mask; intubated with peak inspiratory pressure/positive end-expiratory pressure of 15/0, 20/5, and 25/10 cm H2O. A blinded investigator measured IVC/aorta ratios (IVC/Ao) and changes in IVC diameter due to respiratory variation (IVC-RV) from the recorded videos. Results Inhalational anesthetic decreased IVC/Ao (1.1 ± 0.3 vs. 0.6 ± 0.2; P < 0.001) but did not change IVC-RV (median, 43%; interquartile range [IQR], 36 to 58% vs. 46%; IQR, 36 to 66%; P > 0.99). The initiation of PPV increased IVC/Ao (0.64 ± 0.21 vs. 1.16 ± 0.27; P < 0.001) and decreased IVC-RV (median, 46%; IQR, 36 to 66% vs. 9%; IQR, 4 to 14%; P < 0.001). There was no change in either IVC/Ao or IVC-RV with subsequent incremental increases in peak inspiratory pressure/positive end-expiratory pressure (P > 0.99 for both). Conclusions Addition of inhalational anesthetic affects IVC/Ao but not IVC-RV, and significant changes in IVC/Ao and IVC-RV occur with initiation of PPV in healthy children. Clinicians should be aware of these expected vascular changes when managing patients. Establishing these IVC parameters will enable future studies to better evaluate these measurements as tools for diagnosing hypovolemia or predicting fluid responsiveness.
Published: 2016

11. The ability of renal ultrasound and ureteral jet evaluation to predict 30-day outcomes in patients with suspected nephrolithiasis

Author: Alessandro Mangili, Jonathan I. Fischer, Nova L. Panebianco, Kenton L. Anderson, J. Matthew Fields, and Anthony J. Dean
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Point-of-Care Systems, Urinary Bladder, Hydronephrosis, Kidney, Nephrolithiasis, Severity of Illness Index, Hospitals, Urban, Patient Admission, Ureter, Predictive Value of Tests, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Renal colic, Hospitals, Teaching, Renal Colic, Prospective cohort study, Ultrasonography, business.industry, Medical record, General Medicine, Emergency department, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Predictive value of tests, Emergency Medicine, Female, Intractable pain, medicine.symptom, Emergency Service, Hospital, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: We sought to identify findings on bedside renal ultrasound that predicted need for hospitalization in patients with suspected nephrolithiasis.A convenience sample of patients with suspected nephrolithiasis was prospectively enrolled and underwent bedside ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder to determine the presence and degree of hydronephrosis and ureteral jets. Sonologists were blinded to any other laboratory and imaging data. Patients were followed up at 30 days by phone call and review of medical records.Seventy-seven patients with suspected renal colic were included in the analysis. Thirteen patients were admitted. Reasons for admission included intractable pain, infection, or emergent urologic intervention. All 13 patients requiring admission had hydronephrosis present on initial bedside ultrasound. Patients with moderate hydronephrosis had a higher admission rate (36%) than those with mild hydronephrosis (24%), P.01. Of patients without hydronephrosis, none required admission within 30 days. The sensitivity and specificity of hydronephrosis for predicting subsequent hospitalization were 100% and 44%, respectively. Loss of the ipsilateral ureteral jet was not significantly associated with subsequent hospital admission and did not improve the predictive value when used in combination with the degree of hydronephrosis.No patients with suspected renal colic and absence of hydronephrosis on bedside ultrasound required admission within 30 days. Ureteral jet evaluation did not help in prediction of 30-day outcomes and may not be useful in the emergency department management of renal colic.
Published: 2015

12. Ultrasound evaluation of the airway in the ED: a feasibility study

Author: Ibrahim Showaihi, Anthony J. Dean, Elizabeth A. H. Hall, Frances S. Shofer, and Nova L. Panebianco
Subjects: lcsh:Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, Intraclass correlation, lcsh:R895-920, medicine.medical_treatment, Point-of-care ultrasound, Laryngoscopy, Upper airway ultrasound, Airway management, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030202 anesthesiology, Tongue, medicine, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Ultrasound, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Emergency department, medicine.anatomical_structure, Original Article, Airway, business, Nuclear medicine, Mallampati score
Abstract: Background Recognition of the difficult airway is a critical element of emergency practice. Mallampati score and body mass index (BMI) are not always predictive and they may be unavailable in critically ill patients. Ultrasonography provides high-resolution images that are rapidly obtainable, mobile, and non-invasive. Studies have shown correlation of ultrasound measurements with difficult laryngoscopy; however, none have been performed in the Emergency Department (ED) using a consistent scanning protocol. Objectives This study seeks to determine the feasibility of ultrasound measurements of the upper airway performed in the ED by emergency physicians, the inter-rater reliability of such measurements, and their relationship with Mallampati score and BMI. Methods A convenience sample of volunteer ED patients and healthy volunteers with no known airway issues, aged > 18 years, had images taken of their airway using a standardized ultrasound scanning protocol by two EM ultrasound fellowship trained physicians. Measurements consisted of tongue base, tongue base-to-skin, epiglottic width and thickness, and pre-epiglottic space. Mean and standard deviation (SD) were used to summarize measurements. Inter-rater reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Analysis of variance with linear contrasts was used to compare measurements with Mallampati scores and linear regression with BMI. Results Of 39 participants, 50% were female, 50% white, 42% black, with median age 32.5 years (range 19–90), and BMI 26.0 (range 19–47). Mean ± SD for each measurement (mm) was as follows: tongue base (44.6 ± 5.1), tongue base-to-skin (60.9 ± 5.3), epiglottic width (15.0 ± 2.8) and thickness (2.0 ± 0.37), and pre-epiglottic space (11.4 ± 2.4). ICCs ranged from 0.76 to 0.88 for all measurements except epiglottis thickness (ICC = 0.57). Tongue base and tongue base-to-skin thickness were found to increase with increasing Mallampati score (p = .04, .01), whereas only tongue-to-skin thickness was loosely correlated with BMI (r = .38). Conclusions A standardized ultrasound scanning protocol demonstrates that the airway can be measured by emergency sonologists with good inter-operator reliability in all but epiglottic thickness. The measurements correlate with Mallampati score but not with BMI. Future investigation might focus on ultrasound evaluation of the airway in patients receiving airway management to determine whether ultrasound can predict challenging or abnormal airway anatomy prior to laryngoscopy.
Published: 2018

13. Evaluation of Noncommercial Ultrasound Gels for Use in Resource-Limited Settings

Author: Alexandra M, Vinograd, Abiola, Fasina, Anthony J, Dean, Frances, Shofer, Nova L, Panebianco, Resa E, Lewiss, Saurabh, Gupta, A K Raja, Rao, and Patricia C, Henwood
Subjects: Liver, Transducers, Arm, Health Resources, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Heart, Kidney, Liberia, Developing Countries, Gels, United States, Ultrasonography
Abstract: Ultrasound (US) is increasingly used in settings where commercial US gel is unavailable. This study evaluated noncommercial gel recipes compared to commercial gel.A search for US gel formulations revealed 6 recipes. Half-strength commercial gel and a modified glucomannan recipe were also tested. Nine gels, including commercial gel, were tested in Liberia and the United States. In each session, 2 physician sonologists evaluated 9 gels on 2 models, obtaining videos from the hepatorenal space with a curvilinear transducer, the cardiac parasternal long view with a phased array transducer, and the left basilic vein with a linear transducer. The sonologists and models, who were blinded to gel identity, made independent quantitative and qualitative gel evaluations comparing the test gel to commercial gel. Two physician sonologists who were blinded to the gel identities and a US operator reviewed the images and rated their quality. An analysis of variance in repeated measures was performed to test for differences in the overall score, real-time quality, and other characteristics. Post hoc pairwise comparisons to commercial gel were performed with a Tukey-Kramer adjustment. Inter- and intra-rater reliability was calculated for the image review.Commercial gel earned a perfect score. Compared to commercial gel, xanthine gum gel scored highest, followed by half-strength commercial gel. Hot concentrated glucomannan and cold glucomannan gel were found to be significantly worse than commercial gel. No significant difference was found between images based on the gel used on the image review.No significant difference in image quality was found between commercial and noncommercial gels on US image review.
Published: 2017

14. The utility of transvaginal ultrasound in the ED evaluation of complications of first trimester pregnancy

Author: Asako C. Matsuura, Anthony J. Dean, Frances S. Shofer, Nova L. Panebianco, J. Matthew Fields, Alessandro Mangili, and Kenton L. Anderson
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, First trimester pregnancy, Imaging data, Intrauterine pregnancy, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, Hospitals, Urban, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Gynecology, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, Emergency department, Middle Aged, Pennsylvania, medicine.disease, Pregnancy, Ectopic, Pregnancy Complications, Pregnancy Trimester, First, Transvaginal ultrasound, Emergency Medicine, Gestation, Female, Emergency Service, Hospital, business
Abstract: For patients with early intrauterine pregnancy (IUP), the sonographic signs of the gestation may be below the resolution of transabdominal ultrasound (TAU); however, it may be identified by transvaginal ultrasound (TVU). We sought to determine how often TVU performed in the emergency department (ED) reveals a viable IUP after a nondiagnostic ED TAU and the impact of ED TVU on patient length of stay (LOS).This was a retrospective cohort study of women presenting to our ED with complications of early pregnancy from January 1, 2007 to February 28, 2009 in a single urban adult ED. Abstractors recorded clinical and imaging data in a database. Patient imaging modality and results were recorded and compared with respect to ultrasound (US) findings and LOS.Of 2429 subjects identified, 795 required TVU as part of their care. Emergency department TVU was performed in 528 patients, and 267 went to radiology (RAD). Emergency department TVU identified a viable IUP in 261 patients (49.6%). Patients having initial ED US had shorter LOS than patients with initial RAD US (median 4.0 vs 6.0 hours; P.001). Emergency department LOS was shorter for women who had ED TVU performed compared with those sent for RAD TVU regardless of the findings of the US (median 4.9 vs 6.7 hours; P.001). There was no increased LOS for patients who needed further RAD US after an indeterminate ED TVU (7.0 vs 7.1 hours; P = .43). There was no difference in LOS for those who had a viable IUP confirmed on ED TAU vs ED (median 3.1 vs 3.2 hours, respectively; P.32).When an ED TVU was performed, a viable IUP was detected 49.6% of the time. Emergency department LOS was significantly shorter for women who received ED TVU after indeterminate ED TAU compared with those sent to RAD for TVU, with more marked time savings among those with live IUP diagnosed on ED TVU. For patients who do not receive a definitive diagnosis of IUP on ED TVU, this approach does not result in increased LOS.
Published: 2015

15. Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Access

Author: Nova L. Panebianco
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Transducer, business.industry, medicine, Vascular access, Radiology, business, Peripherally inserted central catheter, Ultrasound guided
Published: 2017

16. An Uncommon Complication of Sinusitis in a Young Adolescent

Author: Nova L. Panebianco, Aaron E. Chen, and Amos J. Shemesh
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pott Puffy Tumor, Adolescent, Point-of-Care Systems, Young adolescents, Frontal Sinusitis, medicine, Humans, Forehead, Sinusitis, Child, Ultrasonography, business.industry, Ultrasound, General Medicine, Emergency department, medicine.disease, Abscess, Surgery, Nasal discharge, Eyelid swelling, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Emergency Medicine, Complication, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract: A young adolescent patient presented to the emergency department with forehead and eyelid swelling after a week of nasal discharge that was suspicious for Pott's puffy tumor. Point-of-care ultrasound facilitated rapid diagnosis and initiation of treatment for a concerning and rare complication of sinusitis, confirmed by computed tomography scan.
Published: 2015

17. Reply: To PMID 23269716

Author: Kenton L, Anderson, J Matthew, Fields, Nova L, Panebianco, Katherine, Jenq, Jennifer, Marin, and Anthony J, Dean
Subjects: Heart Failure, Dyspnea, Humans, Ribs, Pleural Diseases, Ultrasonography
Published: 2014

18. [Untitled]

Author: Dale M. Madison, Nova L. Panebianco, and John C. Maerz
Subjects: biology, Ecology, Foraging, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Biochemistry, Predation, Plethodon cinereus, biology.animal, Colubridae, Salamander, Thamnophis sirtalis, Predator, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Caudata
Abstract: Red-backed salamanders, Plethodon cinereus, show a variety of alarm responses to chemical cues from eastern garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis. We measured the foraging activity of red-backed salamanders exposed to water soiled by a garter snake (fed P. cinereus) or to unsoiled water. Salamanders exposed to snake-soiled water showed less foraging activity than salamanders exposed to unsoiled water; therefore, predators could have nonlethal effects on salamander populations. Our results also show additional factors influenced salamander foraging activity. Salamander foraging activity and responsiveness to chemical cues do not appear to have been affected by sex or food deprivation. Salamander foraging activity does appear to have been influenced by activity biorhythms. Foraging activity of animals in both treatments showed a bimodal periodicity that is consistent with natural activity patterns controlled by internal biorhythms. Exposure to snake-soiled water significantly reduced foraging activity during periods of peak foraging activity, but had a subtler effect on foraging activity during natural lulls in activity. We suggest that both activity biorhythms and exposure to chemical cues are important factors affecting salamander foraging behavior.
Published: 2001

19. Antivenom

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

20. Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis (IAD)

Author: G. Citerio, C. Giussani, Hugo Sax, Didier Pittet, Xiaoyan Wen, John A. Kellum, Angela M. Mills, Nova L. Panebianco, Stuart M. Flechner, Jean Carlet, Andie S. Lee, Stephan Jürgen Harbarth, Jason Ferries, Christian Sandrock, Daniel Scheurich, Hilary M. Babcock, Katherine Mandell, Gregory J. Jurkovich, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Philip F. Stahel, Michael A. Flierl, Christoph E. Heyde, L. D. Britt, Howard R. Champion, Russ Hewson, Rupert M. Pearse, Martin Damm, Marcelo Gama de Abreu, Kevin W. Finkel, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Lewis J. Kaplan, J. Claude Hemphill, Jacob Freeman, Andrew M. Bauer, Daniel K. Resnick, Thomas Luecke, Jonathan I. Fischer, Anthony J. Dean, Christiane S. Hartog, Konrad Reinhart, Ryan P. Morrissey, and Lewis S. Nelson
Published: 2012

21. Immunosuppression

Author: G. Citerio, C. Giussani, Hugo Sax, Didier Pittet, Xiaoyan Wen, John A. Kellum, Angela M. Mills, Nova L. Panebianco, Stuart M. Flechner, Jean Carlet, Andie S. Lee, Stephan Jürgen Harbarth, Jason Ferries, Christian Sandrock, Daniel Scheurich, Hilary M. Babcock, Katherine Mandell, Gregory J. Jurkovich, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Philip F. Stahel, Michael A. Flierl, Christoph E. Heyde, L. D. Britt, Howard R. Champion, Russ Hewson, Rupert M. Pearse, Martin Damm, Marcelo Gama de Abreu, Kevin W. Finkel, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Lewis J. Kaplan, J. Claude Hemphill, Jacob Freeman, Andrew M. Bauer, Daniel K. Resnick, Thomas Luecke, Jonathan I. Fischer, Anthony J. Dean, Christiane S. Hartog, Konrad Reinhart, Ryan P. Morrissey, and Lewis S. Nelson
Published: 2012

22. Acinetobacter Bacteremia

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

23. AKI, Epidemiology of

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

24. Angiotensin II

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

25. Anti-glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Disease

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

26. Antibiotics: Resistance Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

27. Acute Calculous Cholecystitis

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

28. Acinetobacter Urosepsis

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

29. Anti-arrhythmic Therapy

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

30. Acinetobacter Skin Infection

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

31. Acinetobacter ICU-Acquired Infection

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

32. Intracranial Decompression

Author: G. Citerio, C. Giussani, Hugo Sax, Didier Pittet, Xiaoyan Wen, John A. Kellum, Angela M. Mills, Nova L. Panebianco, Stuart M. Flechner, Jean Carlet, Andie S. Lee, Stephan Jürgen Harbarth, Jason Ferries, Christian Sandrock, Daniel Scheurich, Hilary M. Babcock, Katherine Mandell, Gregory J. Jurkovich, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Philip F. Stahel, Michael A. Flierl, Christoph E. Heyde, L. D. Britt, Howard R. Champion, Russ Hewson, Rupert M. Pearse, Martin Damm, Marcelo Gama de Abreu, Kevin W. Finkel, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Lewis J. Kaplan, J. Claude Hemphill, Jacob Freeman, Andrew M. Bauer, Daniel K. Resnick, Thomas Luecke, Jonathan I. Fischer, Anthony J. Dean, Christiane S. Hartog, Konrad Reinhart, Ryan P. Morrissey, and Lewis S. Nelson
Published: 2012

33. Anterior Scalene Syndrome

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

34. Alkaline Phosphatase

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

35. Acute Care Surgery

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

36. Acute Ischemic Stroke

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

37. Initial Trauma Management, Spine Precautions

Author: G. Citerio, C. Giussani, Hugo Sax, Didier Pittet, Xiaoyan Wen, John A. Kellum, Angela M. Mills, Nova L. Panebianco, Stuart M. Flechner, Jean Carlet, Andie S. Lee, Stephan Jürgen Harbarth, Jason Ferries, Christian Sandrock, Daniel Scheurich, Hilary M. Babcock, Katherine Mandell, Gregory J. Jurkovich, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Philip F. Stahel, Michael A. Flierl, Christoph E. Heyde, L. D. Britt, Howard R. Champion, Russ Hewson, Rupert M. Pearse, Martin Damm, Marcelo Gama de Abreu, Kevin W. Finkel, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Lewis J. Kaplan, J. Claude Hemphill, Jacob Freeman, Andrew M. Bauer, Daniel K. Resnick, Thomas Luecke, Jonathan I. Fischer, Anthony J. Dean, Christiane S. Hartog, Konrad Reinhart, Ryan P. Morrissey, and Lewis S. Nelson
Published: 2012

38. Acute Quadriplegic Myopathy

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

39. Intensive Care Unit Acquired Paresis (ICUAP)

Author: G. Citerio, C. Giussani, Hugo Sax, Didier Pittet, Xiaoyan Wen, John A. Kellum, Angela M. Mills, Nova L. Panebianco, Stuart M. Flechner, Jean Carlet, Andie S. Lee, Stephan Jürgen Harbarth, Jason Ferries, Christian Sandrock, Daniel Scheurich, Hilary M. Babcock, Katherine Mandell, Gregory J. Jurkovich, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Philip F. Stahel, Michael A. Flierl, Christoph E. Heyde, L. D. Britt, Howard R. Champion, Russ Hewson, Rupert M. Pearse, Martin Damm, Marcelo Gama de Abreu, Kevin W. Finkel, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Lewis J. Kaplan, J. Claude Hemphill, Jacob Freeman, Andrew M. Bauer, Daniel K. Resnick, Thomas Luecke, Jonathan I. Fischer, Anthony J. Dean, Christiane S. Hartog, Konrad Reinhart, Ryan P. Morrissey, and Lewis S. Nelson
Published: 2012

40. Arterial Blood Gas Analysis

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

41. Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Author: G. Citerio, C. Giussani, Hugo Sax, Didier Pittet, Xiaoyan Wen, John A. Kellum, Angela M. Mills, Nova L. Panebianco, Stuart M. Flechner, Jean Carlet, Andie S. Lee, Stephan Jürgen Harbarth, Jason Ferries, Christian Sandrock, Daniel Scheurich, Hilary M. Babcock, Katherine Mandell, Gregory J. Jurkovich, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Philip F. Stahel, Michael A. Flierl, Christoph E. Heyde, L. D. Britt, Howard R. Champion, Russ Hewson, Rupert M. Pearse, Martin Damm, Marcelo Gama de Abreu, Kevin W. Finkel, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Lewis J. Kaplan, J. Claude Hemphill, Jacob Freeman, Andrew M. Bauer, Daniel K. Resnick, Thomas Luecke, Jonathan I. Fischer, Anthony J. Dean, Christiane S. Hartog, Konrad Reinhart, Ryan P. Morrissey, and Lewis S. Nelson
Published: 2012

42. Arterial Hypoxemia

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

43. Acute Coronary Syndrome: Risk Stratification

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

44. Acute Respiratory Failure, Mechanisms of

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

45. Ionizing Radiation Exposure

Author: G. Citerio, C. Giussani, Hugo Sax, Didier Pittet, Xiaoyan Wen, John A. Kellum, Angela M. Mills, Nova L. Panebianco, Stuart M. Flechner, Jean Carlet, Andie S. Lee, Stephan Jürgen Harbarth, Jason Ferries, Christian Sandrock, Daniel Scheurich, Hilary M. Babcock, Katherine Mandell, Gregory J. Jurkovich, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Philip F. Stahel, Michael A. Flierl, Christoph E. Heyde, L. D. Britt, Howard R. Champion, Russ Hewson, Rupert M. Pearse, Martin Damm, Marcelo Gama de Abreu, Kevin W. Finkel, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Lewis J. Kaplan, J. Claude Hemphill, Jacob Freeman, Andrew M. Bauer, Daniel K. Resnick, Thomas Luecke, Jonathan I. Fischer, Anthony J. Dean, Christiane S. Hartog, Konrad Reinhart, Ryan P. Morrissey, and Lewis S. Nelson
Published: 2012

46. Infection Control in the ICU: Gram-Negative Bacteria

Author: G. Citerio, C. Giussani, Hugo Sax, Didier Pittet, Xiaoyan Wen, John A. Kellum, Angela M. Mills, Nova L. Panebianco, Stuart M. Flechner, Jean Carlet, Andie S. Lee, Stephan Jürgen Harbarth, Jason Ferries, Christian Sandrock, Daniel Scheurich, Hilary M. Babcock, Katherine Mandell, Gregory J. Jurkovich, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Philip F. Stahel, Michael A. Flierl, Christoph E. Heyde, L. D. Britt, Howard R. Champion, Russ Hewson, Rupert M. Pearse, Martin Damm, Marcelo Gama de Abreu, Kevin W. Finkel, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Lewis J. Kaplan, J. Claude Hemphill, Jacob Freeman, Andrew M. Bauer, Daniel K. Resnick, Thomas Luecke, Jonathan I. Fischer, Anthony J. Dean, Christiane S. Hartog, Konrad Reinhart, Ryan P. Morrissey, and Lewis S. Nelson
Published: 2012

47. Interstitial Nephritis, Acute

Author: G. Citerio, C. Giussani, Hugo Sax, Didier Pittet, Xiaoyan Wen, John A. Kellum, Angela M. Mills, Nova L. Panebianco, Stuart M. Flechner, Jean Carlet, Andie S. Lee, Stephan Jürgen Harbarth, Jason Ferries, Christian Sandrock, Daniel Scheurich, Hilary M. Babcock, Katherine Mandell, Gregory J. Jurkovich, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Philip F. Stahel, Michael A. Flierl, Christoph E. Heyde, L. D. Britt, Howard R. Champion, Russ Hewson, Rupert M. Pearse, Martin Damm, Marcelo Gama de Abreu, Kevin W. Finkel, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Lewis J. Kaplan, J. Claude Hemphill, Jacob Freeman, Andrew M. Bauer, Daniel K. Resnick, Thomas Luecke, Jonathan I. Fischer, Anthony J. Dean, Christiane S. Hartog, Konrad Reinhart, Ryan P. Morrissey, and Lewis S. Nelson
Published: 2012

48. Acute Kidney Injury During Pregnancy

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

49. Acute Renal Dysfunction

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

50. Airway Assessment

Author: Howard R. Champion, Nova L. Panebianco, Jan J. De Waele, Lewis J. Kaplan, Manu L. N. G. Malbrain, Annie L. Slaughter, Walter L. Biffl, Clay Cothren Burlew, Ernest E. Moore, Parita Bhuva, Barnett R. Nathan, Michael E. Silverman, Richard D. Shih, Luciano Gattinoni, E. Carlesso, Pietro Caironi, Argyris Michalopoulos, Matthew E. Falagas, Angela M. Mills, Anthony J. Dean, Christopher R. Wyatt, Chadwick D. Miller, Karina M. Soto-Ruiz, Joseph Varon, W. Frank Peacock, Prasad Devarajan, Arun Jeyabalan, Joan R. Badia, José A. Lorente, Nicolás Nin, Ramsey J. Daher, Mark D. Okusa, Rui P. Moreno, Djillali Annane, Brenna M. Farmer, Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Jameel Ali, Richard D. Branson, Bryce R. H. Robinson, Lara Wijayasiri, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, Stuart F. Reynolds, Peter G. Brindley, John A. Kellum, Nattachai Srisawat, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle Baack, Eric A. J. Hoste, Edward T. Dickinson, Alexander L. Colonna, J. Wayne Meredith, Ali El-Solh, Brian H. Rowe, Howard L. Corwin, Joel M. Bartfield, Thomas M. Scalea, Kareem R. AbdelFattah, Joseph P. Minei, Patrick T. Murray, Caitlin W. Hicks, Peter Q. Eichacker, S. Uddin, Susanna Price, Joseph P. Lynch, Anne-Cornélie J. M. Pont, Tyler W. Barrett, Brett F. Bechtel, David F. Gaieski, Munish Goyal, Mette M. Berger, Lucas Liaudet, Pascal Vranckx, Marco Valgimigli, P. W. Serruys, Ian Loftus, Charles S. Brudney, Srini Pyati, Juan B. Ochoa, Mary K. Miranowski, Rebecca M. Dodson, Sandra L. Kavalukas, Adrian Barbul, Jonathan R. Egan, Marino S. Festa, Samir H. Haddad, Yaseen M. Arabi, David W. Collins, Yahya Shehabi, Steven E. Carsons, Wouter Meersseman, Daniel K. Resnick, Basheal M. Agrawal, and Griet Thielen
Published: 2012

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