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3. Biomarkers of aHSCT (BIO-MS)

Author

Sheffield Hospitals Charity, Nottingham Trent University, and University of Sheffield

Published
2024

4. Understanding Gut Symptoms in People With Cystic Fibrosis (GRAMPUS-CF SRC)

Author

Cystic Fibrosis Trust, Motilent, Nottingham Trent University, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, University of Leeds, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, University of Glasgow, National Institute for Health Research, United Kingdom, University of Birmingham, Northumbria University, and Imperial College London

Published
2023

11. Quality-of-Service-Centric Design and Analysis of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Author

Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Politécnica Superior de Gandia - Escola Politècnica Superior de Gandia, Nottingham Trent University, Jha, Sudhanshu Kumar, Prakash, Shiv, Rathore, Rajkumar Singh, Mahmud, Mufti, Kaiwartya, Omprakash, Lloret, Jaime, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Politécnica Superior de Gandia - Escola Politècnica Superior de Gandia, Nottingham Trent University, Jha, Sudhanshu Kumar, Prakash, Shiv, Rathore, Rajkumar Singh, Mahmud, Mufti, Kaiwartya, Omprakash, and Lloret, Jaime

Abstract

[EN] Recent years have witnessed rapid development and great indignation burgeoning in the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) field. This growth of UAV-related research contributes to several challenges, including inter-communication from vehicle to vehicle, transportation coverage, network information gathering, network interworking effectiveness, etc. Due to ease of usage, UAVs have found novel applications in various areas such as agriculture, defence, security, medicine, and observation for traffic-monitoring applications. This paper presents an innovative drone system by designing and developing a blended-wing-body (BWB)-based configuration for next-generation drone use cases. The proposed method has several benefits, including a very low interference drag, evenly distributed load inside the body, and less radar signature compared to the state-of-the-art configurations. During the entire procedure, a standard design approach was followed to optimise the BWB framework for next-generation use cases by considering the typically associated parameters such as vertical take-off and landing and drag and stability of the BWB. Extensive simulation experiments were performed to carry out a performance analysis of the proposed model in a software-based environment. To further confirm that the model design of the BWB-UAV is fit to execute the targeted missions, the real-time working environments were tested through advanced numerical simulation and focused on avoiding cost and unwanted wastages. To enhance the trustworthiness of this said computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis, grid convergence test-based validation was also conducted. Two different grid convergence tests were conducted on the induced velocity of the Version I UAV and equivalent stress of the Version II UAV. Finite element analysis-based computations were involved in estimating structural outcomes. Finally, the mesh quality was obtained as 0.984 out of 1. The proposed model is very cost-effective for perf

Published
2022

12. Histamine signaling and metabolism identify potential biomarkers and therapies for lymphangioleiomyomatosis

Author

Asociación Española de Linfangioleiomiomatosis, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Università di Pisa, Nottingham Trent University, Herranz, Carmen, Mateo, Francesca, Baiges, Alexandra, Ruiz de Garibay, Gorka, Junza, Alexandra, Johnson, Simon R., Miller, Suzanne, García, Nadia, Capellades, Jordi, Gómez, Antonio, Vidal, August, Palomero, Luis, Espín, Roderic, Extremera, Ana I., Blommaert, Eline, Revilla-López, Eva, Sáez, Berta, Gómez-Ollés, Susana, Ancochea, Julio, Valenzuela, Claudia, Alonso, Tamara, Ussetti, Piedad, Laporta, Rosalía, Xaubet, Antoni, Rodríguez-Portal, José A., Montes-Worboys, Ana, Machahua, Carlos, Bordas, Jaume, Menéndez, Javier A., Cruzado, Josep M., Guiteras, Roser, Bontoux, Christophe, La Motta, Concettina, Noguera-Castells, Aleix, Mancino, Mario, Lastra, Enrique, Rigo-Bonnin, Raúl, Perales, José C., Viñals, Francesc, Lahiguera, Álvaro, Zhang, Xiaohu, Cuadras, Daniel, Moorsel, Coline H. M. van, Vis, Joanne J. van der, Quanjel, Marian J. R., Filippakis, Harilaos, Hakem, Razq, Gorrini, Chiara, Ferrer, Marc, Ugun-Klusek, Aslihan, Billett, Ellen, Radzikowska, Elżbieta, Casanova, Álvaro, Molina-Molina, María, Román, Antonio, Yanes, Óscar, Pujana, Miguel Ángel, Asociación Española de Linfangioleiomiomatosis, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Università di Pisa, Nottingham Trent University, Herranz, Carmen, Mateo, Francesca, Baiges, Alexandra, Ruiz de Garibay, Gorka, Junza, Alexandra, Johnson, Simon R., Miller, Suzanne, García, Nadia, Capellades, Jordi, Gómez, Antonio, Vidal, August, Palomero, Luis, Espín, Roderic, Extremera, Ana I., Blommaert, Eline, Revilla-López, Eva, Sáez, Berta, Gómez-Ollés, Susana, Ancochea, Julio, Valenzuela, Claudia, Alonso, Tamara, Ussetti, Piedad, Laporta, Rosalía, Xaubet, Antoni, Rodríguez-Portal, José A., Montes-Worboys, Ana, Machahua, Carlos, Bordas, Jaume, Menéndez, Javier A., Cruzado, Josep M., Guiteras, Roser, Bontoux, Christophe, La Motta, Concettina, Noguera-Castells, Aleix, Mancino, Mario, Lastra, Enrique, Rigo-Bonnin, Raúl, Perales, José C., Viñals, Francesc, Lahiguera, Álvaro, Zhang, Xiaohu, Cuadras, Daniel, Moorsel, Coline H. M. van, Vis, Joanne J. van der, Quanjel, Marian J. R., Filippakis, Harilaos, Hakem, Razq, Gorrini, Chiara, Ferrer, Marc, Ugun-Klusek, Aslihan, Billett, Ellen, Radzikowska, Elżbieta, Casanova, Álvaro, Molina-Molina, María, Román, Antonio, Yanes, Óscar, and Pujana, Miguel Ángel

Abstract

Inhibition of mTOR is the standard of care for lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). However, this therapy has variable tolerability and some patients show progressive decline of lung function despite treatment. LAM diagnosis and monitoring can also be challenging due to the heterogeneity of symptoms and insufficiency of non-invasive tests. Here, we propose monoamine-derived biomarkers that provide preclinical evidence for novel therapeutic approaches. The major histamine-derived metabolite methylimidazoleacetic acid (MIAA) is relatively more abundant in LAM plasma, and MIAA values are independent of VEGF-D. Higher levels of histamine are associated with poorer lung function and greater disease burden. Molecular and cellular analyses, and metabolic profiling confirmed active histamine signaling and metabolism. LAM tumorigenesis is reduced using approved drugs targeting monoamine oxidases A/B (clorgyline and rasagiline) or histamine H1 receptor (loratadine), and loratadine synergizes with rapamycin. Depletion of Maoa or Hrh1 expression, and administration of an L-histidine analog, or a low L-histidine diet, also reduce LAM tumorigenesis. These findings extend our knowledge of LAM biology and suggest possible ways of improving disease management.

Published
2021

13. Spectral unmixing and anomaly detection for hyperspectral images

Author

Yahampath, Pradeepa (Electrical and Computer Engineering) Paliwal, Jitendra (Biosystems Engineering) Liang, Haida (School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University), Sherif, Sherif (Electrical and Computer Engineering), Elrewainy, Ahmed, Yahampath, Pradeepa (Electrical and Computer Engineering) Paliwal, Jitendra (Biosystems Engineering) Liang, Haida (School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University), Sherif, Sherif (Electrical and Computer Engineering), and Elrewainy, Ahmed

Abstract

Least Angle Regression (LARS) solves the basis pursuit optimization problem, as a sparse signal recovery algorithm, for all relevant regularization parameter values simultaneously. However, despite this efficiency of LARS, it has not been applied to the spectral unmixing problem yet as large multichannel data could be very challenging in practice, due to the need for generation and storage of extremely large arrays (~ 1010 bytes for a relatively small spectral unmixing problem). In this thesis, we extend the standard LARS algorithm, using Kronecker products, to make it practical, i.e., without the need to construct or process very large arrays, for efficient recovery of sparse signals from large multichannel data. This thesis also presents a new recursive Kronecker LARS (K-LARS) algorithm based on a homotopy formulation, similar to recursive methods, to update the basis pursuit optimization problem. Instead of completely solving a new basis pursuit problem that is slightly different from the previous known problem solution, we use it as the starting point to solve the new problem in a more computationally efficient, thereby faster way. Afterward, we apply our new Kronecker LARS (K-LARS) algorithm and our new Kronecker homotopy algorithm to successfully unmix both synthetic and AVIRIS hyperspectral images. We compare our results to ones obtained using an earlier basis pursuit-based spectral unmixing algorithm, Generalized Morphological Component Analysis (GMCA), that uses a thresholding-based proximal optimization method. We show that the results are similar, albeit our results were obtained without any trial and error, or arbitrary choices, in specifying the needed regularization parameter. The spectral unmixing problem requires a sparse endmembers constraint in an appropriate basis known as a dictionary. In this thesis, we explored and compared the use of some standard, e.g., wavelets, Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), and custom online learned dictionaries to promo

Published
2020

14. Intelligent recycling bin

Author

Nottingham Trent University, Su, Daizhong, Peng, Wenjie, Hampshire, Alex, Henry, Maëva, Barlová, Dominika, Woelfel, Nicole, García Cerezo, Adrià, Nottingham Trent University, Su, Daizhong, Peng, Wenjie, Hampshire, Alex, Henry, Maëva, Barlová, Dominika, Woelfel, Nicole, and García Cerezo, Adrià

Abstract

Treball desenvolupat en el marc del programa "European Project Semester"., The project was to develop an intelligent recycling bin for consumers to recycle electronic and electrical products (e-waste) which reach their end of life (Eol) stage or to repurpose them. When a consumer recycles a product via the intelligent bin, he/she gets rewarded by some incentives. These incentives are calculated via the assessment of the environmental impact and residue state of the product. The incentives could be cash or equivalent such as vouchers or trade off new goods that the consumer purchases in the store., Outgoing

Published
2020

16. Domestic solar cooker

Author

Nottingham Trent University, Enst, Bastian, Heimans, Isabelle, Castaño Vicente, Cesar, Nottingham Trent University, Enst, Bastian, Heimans, Isabelle, and Castaño Vicente, Cesar

Abstract

Treball desenvolupat en el marc del programa "European Project Semester"., This report is about the development of the domestic solar cooker from ideation to the final prototype. It will take you through the processes and problems, the group has met during the project. The designed product is a solar cooker unit which can be installed within homes to prepare and cook food in a more economic and sustainable way. Beginning with conducting research within markets in western and developing countries, we finally focussed mainly on markets within Africa in which the operation of a solar powered system is the most beneficial. Based on these insights, we then design and manufacture a prototype version which does not only prove that the concept works, but also provides information on its general performance rates. Furthermore, we design and render a fully developed and final version of the domestic solar cooker deployed in a home of one of our customers, which supports how we plan on changing the designs for a non-prototype version. Lastly, we created a short business case around the solar cooker unit considering market research, a business model and financial aspects., Outgoing

Published
2018

17. Timber fabrication project

Author

Nottingham Trent University, Baker, Grant, Devarajan, Clemens, Lagoni, Malene, García Caro, Andrea, Serné, Pauline, Nottingham Trent University, Baker, Grant, Devarajan, Clemens, Lagoni, Malene, García Caro, Andrea, and Serné, Pauline

Abstract

Treball desenvolupat en el marc del programa "European Project Semester"., Este proyecto ilustra el desarrollo de una lámpara de madera para niños pequeños, des de la creación del concepto inicial, hasta el diseño final de ésta, incluyendo también la fabricación i producción. El producto en cuestión es una lamparita infantil hecha de madera prácticamente en su totalidad. Ésta pretende establecer una rutina nocturna para conciliar el sueño de forma sencilla y didáctica, además consigue crear un vínculo entre el producto, el/la niño/a y los padres. Primeramente, antes de empezar con el proceso de diseño, es importante tener en cuenta la investigación del sector donde se va a enfocar el producto, realizando investigación primaria y secundaria. Una vez está claro el camino que se va a tomar en cuanto al estilo del producto, se puede proceder con la siguiente fase. El proceso de diseño empieza con la ideación del concepto, para conseguir desarrollar en profundidad aquellos aspectos que cumplen con todos los objetivos establecidos des del principio. A continuación, se realiza un primer diseño del producto y a su vez, se fabrica un prototipo para poder testearlo con el usuario. Tras realizar varias veces la fase de testeado, se consigue diseñar el producto final y definitivo, para finalmente producirlo. A su vez, se ha hecho un estudio de los materiales y elementos que lo componen. Para finalizar con este proyecto, se ha creado un cuento infantil que acompañará al producto en todo momento para potenciar aún más el vínculo entre la lamparita y el/la niño/a.

Published
2018

18. LED desk lamp development supported by big data, LCA and eco-design

Author

Nottingham Trent University, Daizhong, Su, Hoevenaars, Saphira, Steenberg, Nicholas, Macià, Joan, Nottingham Trent University, Daizhong, Su, Hoevenaars, Saphira, Steenberg, Nicholas, and Macià, Joan

Abstract

Treball desenvolupat en el marc del programa "European Project Semester"., This report shows the early stages of a large project briefed as Sustainable product development supported by big data, lifecycle assessment and Eco-design. Research methods have been analyzed to find those which apply to the project and early research has been developed. Literature review about Lifecycle assessment and Eco-design has been produced, pointing key elements of such fields and relating them the project. Data mining research has been also done from primary sources and has produced quantitative data. Product Design Specifications have been produced per results from Data Analysis to design new desk lamps. Eco-design principles have been applied in the design process., Outgoing

Published
2017

19. Shelving 6 pack crisps

Author

Escola Politècnica Superior d'Enginyeria de Vilanova i la Geltrú, PepsiCo, Nottingham Trent University, Garriga Torrecillas, Núria, Otrubova, Natalie, Worm, Robert, Larroque, Thibaut, Escola Politècnica Superior d'Enginyeria de Vilanova i la Geltrú, PepsiCo, Nottingham Trent University, Garriga Torrecillas, Núria, Otrubova, Natalie, Worm, Robert, and Larroque, Thibaut

Abstract

Treball desenvolupat dins el marc del programa 'European Project Semester'., 6-Pack crisps are one of the main products sold by PepsiCo using the standard shelf storage options offered by Tesco PLC. While presenting specific packaging involves a multitude of variables. This report focusses on cognitive recognition, brand confusion and product attractiveness. PepsiCo asked the research team to investigate innovative ways of presenting the crisp 6-pack variant on instore displays. research shows that attraction is crucial in the form of expected rewards. The combination of cognitive recognition and customer attraction relates to brand confusion in the loss or increase of sales in an increasingly competitive market. The problem as portrait is a situation where the product is no longer in the shelf due to consumption patterns. Therefore, the research group decided that there must be a multitude of variables at play. The option to solve the problem using technology in the standard Tesco shelves was dismissed as the construction was not flexible enough to incorporate this kind of complexity needed for the upgrade to be viable. The decision was made to design a shelving solution that would be upgradable with modern technology’s. Deciding what kind of mechanisms would be available generated 4 basic principles mill, pulley, gravity and facing. After carefully selecting a multitude of criteria and weighing factors the design matrix was used to select the most suitable design. The 4 options displayed in appendix VI were rated and the results were put into the matrix (see appendix II). The pulley system clearly preformed best in the most important criteria like enhanced visual appearance, increased amount of kg/ shelf and consumer access. The availability of including smart technologies on a relatively easy basis is a pre-for future sustainability of the product making this design the overall the most suitable choice. The whole shape and appearance of the body-design was meant to be as simple and minimalistic as possible to highlight the crisps. The hei

Published
2017

20. The Impact of the Economic Crisis upon Human Resource Development (HRD): Evidence from two Greek Banks

Author

Mitsakis, Fotios V., Aravopoulou, Eleni, Nottingham Trent University, and St Mary’s University

Abstract

This study investigates the nature and changes of Human Resource Development (HRD) in two Greek banks under the challenging context of the economic crisis. It examines the latter’s impact upon HRD as it was perceived from different stakeholders and through a pre and ongoing-crisis assessment approach. \ud \ud The study draws upon qualitative research data from two case study banking organisations in Greece, reporting on 76 semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders (HR staff, Bank Managers, employees) undertaken in 2014, six (6) years after the fall of Lehman Brothers. \ud The study contributes to academic knowledge as being the first empirical research offering a unique perspective through examining changes of HRD within a specific industry and national context (Greek banks) against a backdrop of an economic downturn. Its findings also raise important questions for HRD professionals, in both academia and practice in relation to claims and aspirations which prevail in respect of HRD and organisational change and business transformation.

Published
2016

21. Untangled Web : Developing Teaching on the Internet

Author

David Graham, Diane Mcneil, Lloyd (All Of Nottingham Trent University) Pettiford, David Graham, Diane Mcneil, and Lloyd (All Of Nottingham Trent University) Pettiford

Subjects
LB1044.87
Abstract

The internet and world wide web are revolutionizing many aspects of our lives, and have become an accepted part of socioeconomic experience in developed countries. For entertainment, shopping, banking, establishing friendships, seeking information, and so on, the web is the first port of call for an increasing number of people. A few in education have been quick to see the potential of the web as a platform for delivering a variety of teaching and learning materials. Many more, however, would like to make use of the web, but lack either the time or the skills, or both. Untangled Web provides a guide for those wishing to develop their own teaching and learning resources on the web, whether for local, open or distance learning. By using this book, potential web educators can acquire some of these basic skills and save time by drawing on the experiences of the authors and avoiding the pitfalls and problems that they have encountered. The authors have gained considerable expertise in devising, designing, constructing, testing, adapting and evaluating their own web-based instruction packages which have been developed over a number of years and involve a variety of subject areas. Untangled web is therefore very much focused on practical experience, and while it is primarily aimed at teachers in further and higher education, schoolteachers interested in using the web as a teaching and learning medium will find it useful. Untangled Web has been written by an experienced team from the Department of International Studies at the Nottingham Trent University. David Graham teaches geography and information technology; Jane McNeil is Faculty webmaster and teaches medieval history and information technology; Lloyd Pettiford teaches international relations.Innovative guide to using the web in teaching and learning, providing practical advice for lecturers and teachers on using the web as more than just a support tool

Published
2014

22. Design for aluminium extrusion

Author

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Enginyeria Metal·lúrgica, Nottingham Trent University, Rego Navarro, Aitor, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Enginyeria Metal·lúrgica, Nottingham Trent University, and Rego Navarro, Aitor

Abstract

This report is about the design of an aluminium extruded product. The chosen product is an aluminium handrail which incorporates LED technology in order to light a space, as well to display interactive icons or colours according to the situation to help and guide the user. A research on the field of extrusion process and the uses of aluminium was made to explore all the design possibilities. A marketing research was done as well, in order to know what are the companies selling and the current stage of the industry. Material selection was also one of the main points of this report. A comparison between different aluminium alloys was done using graphics provided by SAPA, Ashby Diagrams for different properties and a Finite Element Analysis of the model. After that work, was proved that the design accomplished all the requirements. The design process ends with realistic renders from a 3D CAD model of the product. the report ends by assessing the benefits of the product, the viability of manufacturing and the further work.

Published
2016

23. Clothing Longevity Protocol: final

Author

Cooper, T, Claxton, S, Hill, H, Holbrook, K, Hughes, M, Knox, A, Oxborrow, L, and Nottingham Trent University

Abstract

The Clothing Longevity Protocol offers guidelines for good practice in order to aid moves towards garments that will last longer and thus to help protect brand value, screen out garments which fail prematurely and reduce the environmental impact of the clothing sector.

Published
2014

24. Quantification of MRI sensitivity for mono-disperse microbubbles to measure subatmospheric fluid pressure changes

Author

Nottingham Trent University, Universität Leipzig, Alrwaili, Amgad, Bencsik, Martin, Nottingham Trent University, Universität Leipzig, Alrwaili, Amgad, and Bencsik, Martin

Abstract

It would be very beneficial to perform MRI of fluids and sense the fluid pressure changes. Our aim is to demonstrate a contrast agent capable of MR sensitivity to sub-atmospheric pressure changes. To achieve this, monodisperse microbubbles were prepared with an optically measured mean radius of 1.4 ± 0.8 μm. A repeated pressure change cycle was applied on the microbubble contrast agent, until it produced an MR signal change solely due to the bubble radius change. The bubbles’ contribution to the relaxation rate before and after applying sub-atmospheric pressure changes was estimated and its echo time dependence modelled, so as to inform the mean radius change. The periodic subatmospheric pressure change was further applied until the MR signal change was only due to the bubble radius change. An excellent MR sensitivity of 28 % bar-1 is demonstrated, bubble radii of 2.4 and 1.8 μm are numerically estimated before and after the application of pressure, and the simulations are further used to estimate the optimum bubble radius maximising the MR sensitivity to a small change in radius.

Published
2015

25. Magnetic resonance relaxation measurements using open-geometry sensors to assess the clog state of constructed wetlands

Author

Nottingham Trent University, University of Kent, Universität Leipzig, Hughes-Riley, Theodore, Webber, John Beau, Newton, Michael Ian, Morris, Robert H., Nottingham Trent University, University of Kent, Universität Leipzig, Hughes-Riley, Theodore, Webber, John Beau, Newton, Michael Ian, and Morris, Robert H.

Abstract

Monitoring the T1 relaxation of wetland clog matter has previously been identified as a gauge of its clogged state [1]. Magnetic resonance (MR) sensors explored in other work have typically been of a bore-whole configuration, which may not be ideal in a wetland environment where the sensitive volume of the sensor may become physically clogged and therefore inoperable. This work investigates two open-geometry sensor designs and a short study is presented to determine the suitability of the sensors for monitoring the clog state of wetlands. It was shown that a bar magnet geometry has a higher stray field than that of the four magnet surface sensor also presented, leading to a prohibitively short T2 eff. This means that the T1 values collected are notably shorter and not useful for distinguishing between clog state for the single magnet sensor. By contrast the four magnet surface sensor has a longer T2 eff, making it more suitable for T1 measurements; where T1= 915 ± 212 ms for a very thinly clogged sample, and T1= 127 ± 27 ms for a heavily clogged sample. This offers a clearly resolvable difference in the T1 values allowing the clogging state to be easily determined and making this sensor the desirable choice for long-term embedding.

Published
2015

26. Determining the clog state of constructed wetlands using an embeddable Earth’s Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance probe

Author

Nottingham Trent University, Universität Leipzig, Hill-Casey, Fraser, Hughes-Riley, Theodore, Bradley, C. R., Newton, Michael Ian, Morris, Robert H., Nottingham Trent University, Universität Leipzig, Hill-Casey, Fraser, Hughes-Riley, Theodore, Bradley, C. R., Newton, Michael Ian, and Morris, Robert H.

Abstract

The recent rise in interest of green technologies has led to significant adoption of the constructed wetland as a waste water treatment technique. This increased popularity has only been mired by the decline in operational lifetime of wetland units, leading to the need for more regular, time consuming, and expensive rejuvenation techniques to be performed than initially anticipated. To extend operational lifetimes and increase efficiency of wetland units, it is crucial to have an accurate method to determine the internal state of the wetland system. The most important parameter to measure within the reed bed is the clog state of the system, which is representative of the overall system health. In previous work, magnetic resonance (MR) measurements, parameters of T1 and T2 eff, have been demonstrated as extremely powerful tools to determine the internal clog state of a wetland [1, 2]. Measurements have been performed in a laboratory setting, using low field permanent magnet arrangements. This work presents an Earth’s Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (EFNMR) probe suitable for in situ measurements within constructed wetlands. We show T2eff and T1 measurements using the EFNMR probe. T1 values are shown to be sensitive to the change in the clog state with 1498 ms for the thickly clogged sample and 2728 ms for the thinly clogged sample. T2eff values are shown to be marginally more sensitive to clog state with 630 ms for a thickly clogged sample and 1212 ms for the thinly clogged sample. This gives distinguishable variation within both parameters suggesting that this probe is suitable for embedding into an operational constructed wetland. This work was conducted as part of an EU FP7 project to construct an Automated Reed Bed Installation, “ARBI”.

Published
2015

27. Aluminium Extrusion and Tooling Design: design of a Multifunctional Highchair for Kids

Author

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Enginyeria Metal·lúrgica, Nottingham Trent University, Sapa Building System UK, Fernández Saavedra, Marta, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Enginyeria Metal·lúrgica, Nottingham Trent University, Sapa Building System UK, and Fernández Saavedra, Marta

Abstract

This report embraces the technical and conceptual design process carried out within the Modern Manufacturing module brief, which requires the development of a product which had been manufactured by aluminium extrusion. A further research has been made through different technical and informational resources as a visit to Sapa UK Ltd., one of the most important companies of aluminium solutions, so as to establish the design requirements and restrictions that had been taken into account when the final concept was selected. This selection had been done by a analysis of different criteria related to aluminium extrusion requirements and the general product design process, a baby highchair was the most suitable concept, due to its versatility and the ease of use Aluminium for its manufacture. The election of the final concept had been followed by the analysis of the suitable Aluminium alloy and the posterior finishing and machining processes given to the product. The concept had been developed in order to get a technical and commercial viability, were taken into account the environmental impact and the lifecycle of the product.

Published
2015

29. Urban accessibility ramp

Author

Escola Politècnica Superior d'Enginyeria de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Nottingham Trent University, Roca Pujades, Ariadna, Escola Politècnica Superior d'Enginyeria de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Nottingham Trent University, and Roca Pujades, Ariadna

Abstract

From the competition "Power of Aluminium" this documents a solution based on using aluminium and the extrusion process to achieve a final viable product. Accessibility has been one of the topics that people is most concerned, although it is sometimes difficult for people with reduced mobility to move freely around the urban spaces. The work described in the report addresses the problems with the urban environment barriers, such as intended to show how these barriers can be removed or at least reduced. An initial research was conducted in user ergonomic meadurements and limitations as well as a market study of existing products. This report covers the development of the design for an urban accessibility ramp for disbled people and other potential users. The ramp is intended to be placed in small places of existing buildings, providing both stairs and a ramp is automatically when it is needed.

Published
2014

30. Water lens solar heater

Author

Nottingham Trent University, Delgado Caceres, Sergio, Puig Sabaté, Jordi, Nottingham Trent University, Delgado Caceres, Sergio, and Puig Sabaté, Jordi

Published
2013

31. Algorithms for swarm robotics on mobile robotic station : pushing and connecting

Author

Escola Politècnica Superior d'Enginyeria de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Nottingham Trent University, Cárdenas Álvarez, Pedro Pablo, Escola Politècnica Superior d'Enginyeria de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Nottingham Trent University, and Cárdenas Álvarez, Pedro Pablo

Abstract

Swarm robots are constrained in their long-term due to a limited power supply. Normally, rechargeable batteries are utilized that may only provide a few hours. A mobile charging station is required. Also, algorithms are required also for the swarm behaviours for pushing and connecting to the mobile charging station. A model mobile charging station is presented in this document.

Published
2012

32. The flexibility of the companies that use outsourcing services to adapt to the changing market

Author

Nottingham Trent University, Vladimirova Damyanova, Elitsa, Nottingham Trent University, and Vladimirova Damyanova, Elitsa

Abstract

Projecte del programa Erasmus elaborat a Nottingham Trent University, The project aims to develop a guide to help outsourcing services through the study of the flexibility of companies employing outsourcing services to adapt to constantly changing market. The first part is a brief description of the objectives, methodologies used and their main applications, and project scope. The second part focuses on the current state of companies in Spain that use outsourcing services, the main problems they face. Reference is also made of this phenomenon in the European context. It gives a detailed description of the legal procedures that apply to the recruitment of outsourcing services, referring to the two parties (contractor and supplier). The third part refers to improvement tools applied. Business intelligence trying to get a new design, based on collaboration, ethics and corporate responsibility of all parts involved (supplier and costumer). The legal tool itself is a benchmarking to set general conditions and regulations regarding the hiring that is done in different European countries. Finally, this study is to achieve an outsourcing model that combines different types of contracts, examines the possibility of sharing resources with other companies, etc. It will also analyze the use of outsourced services flexibly to meet the basic needs (core-semi core), how to keep independent organizations, with the physical transfer of the activity. Increase the flexibility of external services to satisfy the needs of production and market fluctuations.

Published
2011

33. Design and build a mechanical finger actuated by shape memory alloy

Author

Nottingham Trent University, Martínez Navarro, Xavier, Nottingham Trent University, and Martínez Navarro, Xavier

Abstract

PFC del programa Erasmus elaborat a Nottingham Trent University, From the beginning of Humanity the society has tried to find a solution to any kind of necessity. Because of that the technology was invented. Technology was invented to satisfy the people necessities. In the twenty-first century, has been trying to mix the medicine with technology to produce, through the interaction of the technological and medical advances, unexpected solutions for the human being in the following years. Through the technology has reached to develop a new type of material with a kind of special features, the Shape Memory Alloy. These materials have characteristics which make them very special. Their shape can be changed or deformed but, when heat is applied to them, they come back to their original shape. This property is so interesting which has made think about the possibility of using these materials for medical innovations. The main objective of the project described below is making a mechanical finger to be actuated by these materials. In this way, being performed for the Shape Memory Alloy, is not necessary having electronic components inside the finger because it is actuated by mechanical principles of tension. Therefore, the project cost drops dramatically and in the near future is possible the mechanical finger could be used for current people who need it. In this project is also interesting to see the entire process of design and product development, from the approach of the idea until the final assembly of the project, including design and production of the model.

Published
2011

34. Developing and testing an amplifier system for piezoelectric sensors

Author

Nottingham Trent University, Enseñat Porcel, Jaume, Nottingham Trent University, and Enseñat Porcel, Jaume

Abstract

PFC del programa Erasmus EPS elaborat a Nottingham Trent Univesity, Treball desenvolupat dins el marc del programa 'European Project Semester'., Piezoelectric sensors are used in condition monitoring system to monitor forces, vibration, strain, acoustic emission and for other applications. The sensors produce a small electric charge which needs to be amplified using a charge amplifier. Then a voltage amplifier will be used to increase the level of the voltage to a suitable level for data capturing using a digital acquisition system. The task to be performed is to build and test a charge amplifier that could be used with piezoelectric sensors re-using an old PC for the power supply and recycle the casing of the computer for the device to be built. Nowadays recycling is very important when you manufacture any product given the fact that we can get economic and environmental benefits without affecting the product quality. Specifically in this project an old computer which was going to be doomed, has been used to make the casing for our device and also to feed the charge amplifier through its power supply. The amplifier has been manufactured by the welding of integrated circuits. It has taken three stages of amplification which highlights the operational amplifiers LF 356 and LF 351. We should add that this is not a conventional project of design, but a project mainly based on electronics and recycling. The most important thing is the proper functioning of the device and it complies with the requirements of the market, given that it is mostly a product that it has been recycled and reused.

Published
2011

35. Cooperative agents identifying angles using swarm intelligence

Author

Nottingham Trent University. School of Architecture, Design and the Built Environment, Pascual Valero, Arantxa, Nottingham Trent University. School of Architecture, Design and the Built Environment, and Pascual Valero, Arantxa

Abstract

Projecte del programa Erasmus elaborat a Nottingham Trent University, Intelligence; said of the human being’s capacity to process information from the environment, as well as collect it from the outside. Until some time ago, as it can be seen from the definition above, it was thought that intelligence was something that belonged exclusively to the human being as it was believed that intelligence was something that depended on the internal structures of the brain and its interaction with the outside world. Now, the way to interpret this concept is quite wide. Thanks to various studies conducted by various branches of science has established the definition of intelligence as the ability to relate acquired knowledge to solve a specific situation and/or problem. Thus, a human being can be as smart as a rational agent non-alive. This definition, though, is still incomplete because it implies that intelligence is unitary, but can an agent be “dumb” by itself but be intelligent in an upper hierarchical level? Could it be that an agent owns intelligence in a group environment? The answer is yes and it is called swarm intelligence. Thanks to this type of intelligence, this project deals with the problem where several independent agents collaborate together to identify a wide variety of angles. Thus this project describes the analysis and design of the algorithm, by means of swarm intelligence, identifies the angular relationship of a geometric shape.

Published
2011

36. Developing and testing an amplifier system for piezoelectric sensors

Author

Escola Politècnica Superior d'Enginyeria de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Nottingham Trent University. School of Architecture, Design and the Built Environment, Breedon, Phil, Al-Habaibeh, Amin, Enseñat Porcel, Jaume, Escola Politècnica Superior d'Enginyeria de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Nottingham Trent University. School of Architecture, Design and the Built Environment, Breedon, Phil, Al-Habaibeh, Amin, and Enseñat Porcel, Jaume

Abstract

Projecte del programa Erasmus elaborat a Nottingham Trent University, Piezoelectric sensors are used in condition monitoring system to monitor forces, vibration, strain, acoustic emission and for other applications. The sensors produce a small electric charge which needs to be amplified using a charge amplifier. Then a voltage amplifier will be used to increase the level of the voltage to a suitable level for data capturing using a digital acquisition system. The task to be performed is to build and test a charge amplifier that could be used with piezoelectric sensors re-using an old PC for the power supply and recycle the casing of the computer for the device to be built. Nowadays recycling is very important when you manufacture any product given the fact that we can get economic and environmental benefits without affecting the product quality. Specifically in this project an old computer which was going to be doomed, has been used to make the casing for our device and also to feed the charge amplifier through its power supply. The amplifier has been manufactured by the welding of integrated circuits. It has taken three stages of amplification which highlights the operational amplifiers LF 356 and LF 351. We should add that this is not a conventional project of design, but a project mainly based on electronics and recycling. The most important thing is the proper functioning of the device and it complies with the requirements of the market, given that it is mostly a product that it has been recycled and reused.

Published
2011

37. Michar: charge station

Author

Nottingham Trent University. School of Architecture, Design and the Built Environment, Sole Martin, Jacob, Nottingham Trent University. School of Architecture, Design and the Built Environment, and Sole Martin, Jacob

Abstract

PFC del programa Erasmus elaborat a Nottingham Trent University, Merlin System Robotics has given the Nottingham Trent University the opportunity to conduct research projects working with the Miabots. Firstly investigating artificial swarm intelligence and for a portable charging station for the Miabots. This report considers the latter. The aim of the principal project is design a new system for the Miabots. They are controlled with Artificial Intelligent, this means that you can order a task and the Miabots complete it without any further instructions. The other part of the project is develop a portable charge station, make a prototype, check its functionality, ease of assembly and the design. This kind of portable charge station is not current on the market. The function of it is to charge the Miabots when away from the main power supply. This is in order to allow them to continue the task without returning to the main charging point. This charge station should not have a wire to a power supply because the robots need to carry it in a stage so they can charge anywhere. The results of this report will give indication to the best options for making a portable charge station considering materials, design, batteries, costs and marketing the final product.

Published
2010

40. Nano-dimensions for the pyrogallol[4]arene cavity .

Author

Gareth W. V. CaveCurrent address: School of Biomedical & Natural Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, UK NG11 8NS., Matthew C. Ferrarelli, and Jerry L. Atwood

Published
2005

41. Perceptions Underlying Addictive Technology Use Patterns: Insights for Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy

Author

Olatz Lopez-Fernandez, Lucia Romo, Laurence Kern, Amélie Rousseau, Pierluigi Graziani, Lucien Rochat, Sophia Achab, Daniele Zullino, Nils Inge Landrø, Juan José Zacarés, Emilia Serra, Mariano Chóliz, Halley M. Pontes, Mark D. Griffiths, Daria J. Kuss, IIS Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé (CERPPS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale (LPS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université de Nîmes (UNIMES), Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), University of Oslo (UiO), Universitat de València (UV), University of London [London], Nottingham Trent University, Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest except Mark D. Griffiths (M.D.G). M.D.G’s university currently receives research funding from Norsk Tipping (the gambling operator owned by the Norwegian Government). M.D.G has also received funding for a number of research projects in the area of gambling education for young people, social responsibility in gambling and gambling treatment from GambleAware (formerly the Responsible Gambling Trust), a charitable body which funds its research program based on donations from the gambling industry. M.D.G regularly undertakes consultancy for various gaming companies in the area of social responsibility in gambling., Acknowledgments: Tech Use Disorders (FP7-PEOPLE-627999) awarded to O.L-F. Psychology Department QR Funding at Nottingham Trent University, Kickstarter bid grant (2017) awarded to O.L-F. It is also acknowledged to those who contributed to the Tech Use Disorders project as a supervisor (Joël Billieux) and a co-investigator (Yannick Morvan)., European Project: 627999,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF,TECH USE DISORDERS(2014), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, HAL UVSQ, Équipe, and Technological use disorders: European cross-cultural longitudinal and experimental studies for Internet and smartphone problem uses - TECH USE DISORDERS - - EC:FP7:PEOPLE2014-09-01 - 2016-08-31 - 627999 - VALID

Subjects
Adult, Technology, Preoccupied attachment style, Internet addiction, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], education, Behaviours, manop, cognitive-behavioural therapy, cognition, behaviours, internet addiction, compulsive internet use, internet use-related addiction, adults, preoccupied attachment style, mixed-methods, Article, Social Networking, 03 medical and health sciences, ddc:616.89, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, mental disorders, Cognitive-behavioural therapy, Humans, Adults, Internet, Mixed-methods, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Behavior, Addictive, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Compulsive internet use, Video Games, Medicine, Internet use-related addiction, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is considered the ‘gold standard’ in the treatment of addictive disorders related to excessive technology use. However, the cognitive components of problematic internet use are not yet well-known. The aim of the present study was to explore the cognitive components, that according to problematic users, can lead to potential internet addiction. A total of 854 European adults completed an online survey using a mixed-methods design. Internet problems and attachment styles were assessed, prevalence rates estimated, correlations, chi-squared automatic interaction detection, and content analysis were performed. Self-reported addictions to social networking, internet, and gaming had a prevalence between 1.2% (gaming) to 2.7% (social networking). Self-perception of the addiction problem and preoccupied attachment style were discriminative factors for internet addiction. In an analysis of qualitative responses from self-identified compulsive internet users, a sense of not belonging and feeling of disconnection during life events were perceived as causes for internet addiction. The development depended on a cycle of mixed feelings associated with negative thoughts, compensated by a positive online identity. The severity of this behaviour pattern produced significant impairment in various areas of the participants’ functioning, suggesting a possible addiction problem. It is suggested that health professionals administering CBT should target unhealthy preoccupations and monitor mixed feelings and thoughts related to internet use to support coping with cognitive distortions.

Published
2022
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42. Unlocking our understanding of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams with genomic tools

Author

Thibault Datry, Rachel Stubbington, Alexander Weigand, Arnaud Foulquier, Florian Leese, Agnès Bouchez, Rosetta C. Blackman, Tristan Lefébure, Florian Altermatt, Maïlys Gauthier, University of Zurich, Blackman, Rosetta C, Department of Aquatic Ecology Eawag : Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Tecnology, Institut of Integrative Biology, Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Équipe 3 - Écologie, Évolution, Écosystemes Souterrains (E3S), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Riverly (Riverly), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRAE, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY NOTTINGHAM TRENT UNIVERSITY GBR, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), National Museum of Natural History [Luxembourg], Aquatic Ecosystem Research Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Mathematics, Essen, Germany, EU COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) program : CA15113, CA15219, H2020 European Research and Innovation action : 869226, Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) : 31003A_173074, European Commission : PP00P3_179089, University of Zurich Research Priority Programme 'URPP Global Change and Biodiversity', Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RiverLy - Fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes (RiverLy), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Nottingham Trent University, Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Department of Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), European Project: CA15219,DNAqua-Net, European Project: CA15113,SMIRES, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)-Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), University of Duisburg-Essen, and Universität Duisburg-Essen [Essen]

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Metacommunity, UFSP13-8 Global Change and Biodiversity, Evolution, Population, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, 03 medical and health sciences, 10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Behavior and Systematics, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Ecology, Global warming, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, 1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Fresh water, Habitat, 13. Climate action, Ephemeral streams, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, 570 Life sciences, biology, 590 Animals (Zoology), [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 2303 Ecology, Biologie
Abstract

International audience; Intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES) – waterways in which flow ceases periodically or that dry completely – are found worldwide, and their frequency and extent are expected to increase in the future in response to global climate change and growing anthropogenic demand for fresh water. Repeated wet–dry cycles generate highly dynamic settings within river networks composed of aquatic and terrestrial habitats, which act as evolutionary triggers for aquatic and terrestrial biota. Drying also alters functions and processes within river networks, with consequences for ecosystem services. Despite the emergence of promising conceptual and methodological developments, our understanding of the occurrence and diversity of organisms in these ecosystems is limited primarily due to their coupled aquatic–terrestrial characteristics. Novel genomic tools based on high-throughput sequencing have the potential to tackle unanswered questions of pivotal importance to predict future change in IRES. Here, we outline why genomic tools are needed to assess these dynamic ecosystems from the population to the metacommunity scale, and their potential role in bridging ecological–evolutionary dynamics.

Published
2021
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43. Iron status influences non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obesity through the gut microbiome

Author

Josep Puig, Sarah Butcher, Xavier Fernández-Real, Rémy Burcelin, Massimo Federici, James Abbott, Elaine Holmes, Donald Mc Clain, José María Moreno-Navarrete, Christopher Tomlinson, José Manuel Fernández-Real, Andrés Moya, Wifredo Ricart, Matteo Serino, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Lesley Hoyles, Paolo Gentileschi, Richard H. Barton, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Francesca Davato, Jèssica Latorre, Marina Cardellini, Marc-Emmanuel Dumas, Mark Woodbridge, María Arnoriaga-Rodríguez, Vicente Pérez-Brocal, Medical Research Council (MRC), European Commission, National Institutes of Health (US), National Institute for Health Research (UK), NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (UK), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Haut Conseil pour la Science et la Technologie (France), Métropole Européenne de Lille, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat Valenciana, Hospital Dr Josep Trueta de Girona, Universitat de Girona (UdG), Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], Nottingham Trent University, Imperial College London, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), University of Rome TorVergata, Universitat de València (UV), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Wake Forest School of Medicine [Winston-Salem], Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (EGENODIA (GI3M)), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Lille, ANR-16-IDEX-0004,ULNE,ULNE(2016), ANR-18-IBHU-0001,PreciDIAB,PreciDIAB Institute, the holistic approach of personal diabets care(2018), Universitat de Girona [Girona], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (GI3M), Institut Català de la Salut, [Mayneris-Perxachs J, Latorre J, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Arnoriaga-Rodríguez M, Puig J, Ricart W, Fernández-Real JM] Departament de Diabetis, Endocrinologia i Nutrició, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Girona, Spain. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques, Universitat de Girona, Girona. Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGi), Salt, Spain. CIBERobn Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Girona, Spain. [Cardellini M, Davato F] Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Hoyles L] Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, UK. Department of Bioscience, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK, and Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr Josep Trueta

Subjects
Settore MED/09, Fetge -- Malalties, compuestos inorgánicos::compuestos de hierro::hierro dietético [COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS], drugs, Microbial ecology, Mice, Fetge, 0302 clinical medicine, nash, 1108 Medical Microbiology, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, glucose, Esteatosi hepàtica, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, alcohol, QR100-130, Fatty liver, Digestive System Diseases::Liver Diseases::Fatty Liver::Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease [DISEASES], [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, 3. Good health, Systems medicine, Obesitat, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, 0605 Microbiology, enfermedades del sistema digestivo::enfermedades hepáticas::hígado graso::esteatosis hepática no alcohólica [ENFERMEDADES], Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, Iron, steatohepatitis, digestive system, Microbiology, Inorganic Chemicals::Iron Compounds::Iron, Dietary [CHEMICALS AND DRUGS], 03 medical and health sciences, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Microbiome, Obesity, 030304 developmental biology, Ferritin, Gut microbiome, 0602 Ecology, Histidine transport, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Overnutrition::Obesity [DISEASES], Research, Iron status, Fatty acid, Metabolism, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Shotgun sequencing, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Transplantation, Liver -- Diseases, Endocrinology, chemistry, enfermedades nutricionales y metabólicas::trastornos nutricionales::hipernutrición::obesidad [ENFERMEDADES], biology.protein, Metagenomics, Bacteroides, metabolism, Ferro, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Abstract

[Background]: The gut microbiome and iron status are known to play a role in the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), although their complex interaction remains unclear., [Results]: Here, we applied an integrative systems medicine approach (faecal metagenomics, plasma and urine metabolomics, hepatic transcriptomics) in 2 well-characterised human cohorts of subjects with obesity (discovery n = 49 and validation n = 628) and an independent cohort formed by both individuals with and without obesity (n = 130), combined with in vitro and animal models. Serum ferritin levels, as a markers of liver iron stores, were positively associated with liver fat accumulation in parallel with lower gut microbial gene richness, composition and functionality. Specifically, ferritin had strong negative associations with the Pasteurellaceae, Leuconostocaceae and Micrococcaea families. It also had consistent negative associations with several Veillonella, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species, but positive associations with Bacteroides and Prevotella spp. Notably, the ferritin-associated bacterial families had a strong correlation with iron-related liver genes. In addition, several bacterial functions related to iron metabolism (transport, chelation, heme and siderophore biosynthesis) and NAFLD (fatty acid and glutathione biosynthesis) were also associated with the host serum ferritin levels. This iron-related microbiome signature was linked to a transcriptomic and metabolomic signature associated to the degree of liver fat accumulation through hepatic glucose metabolism. In particular, we found a consistent association among serum ferritin, Pasteurellaceae and Micrococcacea families, bacterial functions involved in histidine transport, the host circulating histidine levels and the liver expression of GYS2 and SEC24B. Serum ferritin was also related to bacterial glycine transporters, the host glycine serum levels and the liver expression of glycine transporters. The transcriptomic findings were replicated in human primary hepatocytes, where iron supplementation also led to triglycerides accumulation and induced the expression of lipid and iron metabolism genes in synergy with palmitic acid. We further explored the direct impact of the microbiome on iron metabolism and liver fact accumulation through transplantation of faecal microbiota into recipient’s mice. In line with the results in humans, transplantation from ‘high ferritin donors’ resulted in alterations in several genes related to iron metabolism and fatty acid accumulation in recipient’s mice., [Conclusions]: Altogether, a significant interplay among the gut microbiome, iron status and liver fat accumulation is revealed, with potential significance for target therapies., This work was supported by EU-FP7 FLORINASH (Health-F2-2009-241913) to R.B., M.F., J.M.F.R., E.H. and J.K.N. Infrastructure support was provided by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). L.H. was in receipt of an MRC Intermediate Research Fellowship in Data Science (grant number MR/L01632X/1, UK Med-Bio). This work was also partly supported by funding to M.-E.D. (EU METACARDIS under agreement HEALTH-F4-2012-305312, Neuron II under agreement 291840 and the MRC MR/M501797/1) and by grants from the French National Research Agency (ANR-10-LABX-46 [European Genomics Institute for Diabetes]), from the National Center for Precision Diabetic Medicine – PreciDIAB, which is jointly supported by the French National Agency for Research (ANR-18-IBHU-0001), by the European Union (FEDER), by the Hauts-de-France Regional Council (Agreement 20001891/NP0025517) and by the European Metropolis of Lille (MEL, Agreement 2019_ESR_11) and by Isite ULNE (R-002-20-TALENT-DUMAS), also jointly funded by ANR (ANR-16-IDEX-0004-ULNE) the Hauts-de-France Regional Council (Agreement 20002045) and by the European Metropolis of Lille (MEL). J.M.-P. is funded by the Miguel Servet Program from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII CP18/00009), co-funded by the European Social Fund ‘Investing in your future’. María Arnoriaga Rodríguez is funded by a predoctoral Río Hortega contract (CM19/00190, co-funded by European Social Fund ‘Investing in your future’) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain. This work was supported by grants to AM from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-105969GB-I00) and Generalitat Valenciana (project Prometeo/2018/133).

Published
2020
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44. Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements

Author

Wiebke Ullmann, Abdullahi H. Ali, Flávia Koch, Marlee A. Tucker, Rogério Cunha de Paula, Alexander M. Moßbrucker, Adam T. Ford, Scott D. LaPoint, Agnieszka Sergiel, Koji Yamazaki, Peter M. Kappeler, Christina Fischer, David H. O’Connor, Nucharin Songsasen, Dustin H. Ranglack, Matthew J. Kauffman, Pamela Castro Antunes, Bruce D. Patterson, Jerrold L. Belant, Abhijeet Kulkarni, Katherine Mertes, Jenna Stacy-Dawes, Christopher E. Moorman, Anjan Katna, Melissa Songer, J. Antonio de la Torre, Nuria Selva, Randall B. Boone, Julian Fennessy, Ben T. Hirsch, A. Catherine Markham, Niels Blaum, Christopher S. DePerno, Morgan B. Swingen, Rasmus Worsøe Havmøller, Richard W. Yarnell, Autumn-Lynn Harrison, Roland Kays, Briana Abrahms, Yayoi Kaneko, Nina Attias, Abi Tamim Vanak, Maria Thaker, Michael J. Noonan, Damien Caillaud, René Janssen, Claudia Fichtel, Guilherme Mourão, Florian Jeltsch, Susan C. Alberts, Ronaldo Gonçalves Morato, Filip Zięba, J.J.A. Dekker, David W. Macdonald, Tomasz Zwijacz-Kozica, Thomas Mueller, Laura R. Bidner, Laura A. McMahon, John W. Wilson, Jeanne Altmann, Mohammad S. Farhadinia, Lynne A. Isbell, Jennifer Pastorini, Jacob R. Goheen, David M. Scantlebury, Jared A. Stabach, Neil Reid, Luiz Gustavo R. Oliveira-Santos, Dean E. Beyer, Janet L. Rachlow, Christen H. Fleming, Margaret C. Crofoot, Peter Leimgruber, William F. Fagan, Dawn M. Scott, Petra Kaczensky, Jeffrey J. Thompson, Justin M. Calabrese, Cindy M. Hurtado, MICHAEL J. NOONAN, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, CHRISTEN H. FLEMING, University of Maryland, MARLEE A. TUCKER, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, ROLAND KAYS, Museum of Natural Sciences, Biodiversity Lab, Raleigh, AUTUMN-LYNN HARRISON, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, D.C, MARGARET C. CROFOOT, University of California, Davis, BRIANA ABRAHMS, NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, SUSAN C. ALBERTS, Duke University, Durham, ABDULLAHI H. ALI, Hirola Conservation Programme, Garissa, JEANNE ALTMANN, Princeton University, PAMELA CASTRO ANTUNES, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, NINA ATTIAS, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, JERROLD L. BELANT, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, DEAN E. BEYER JUNIOR, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, LAURA R. BIDNER, Mpala Research Centre, Nanyuki, NIELS BLAUM, University of Potsdam, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, RANDALL B. BOONE, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, DAMIEN CAILLAUD, Colorado State University, ROGERIO CUNHA DE PAULA, Chico Mendes Institute for the Conservation of Biodiversity, J. ANTONIO DE LA TORRE, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico and CONACyT, JASJA DEKKER, Jasja Dekker Dierecologie, CHRISTOPHER S. DEPERNO, University of Oxford, Tubney House, MOHAMMAD FARHADINIA, Future4Leopards Foundation, Tehran, JULIAN FENNESSY, Giraffe Conservation Foundation, PO, CLAUDIA FICHTEL, German Primate Center, Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology Unit, CHRISTINA FISCHER, Restoration Ecology, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, ADAM FORD, The University of British Columbia, JACOB R. GOHEEN, University of Wyoming, Laramie, RASMUS W. HAVMØLLER, University of California, Davis, BEN T. HIRSCH, James Cook University, Townsville, CINDY HURTADO, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, LYNNE A. ISBELL, Mpala Research Centre, Nanyuki, RENÉ JANSSEN, 6Bionet Natuuronderzoek, Valderstraat, FLORIAN JELTSCH, University of Potsdam, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, PETRA KACZENSKY, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research - NINA, YAYOI KANEKO, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, PETER KAPPELER, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), ANJAN KATNA, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Bangalore, MATTHEW KAUFFMAN, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, FLAVIA KOCH, German Primate Center, Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology Unit, ABHIJEET KULKARNI, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), SCOTT LAPOINT, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, PETER LEIMGRUBER, University of Wyoming, DAVID W. MACDONALD, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, A. CATHERINE MARKHAM, Black Rock Forest, LAURA MCMAHON, Office of Applied Science, Department of Natural Resources, KATHERINE MERTES, Institute for the Conservation of Neotropical Carnivores, CHRISTOPHER E. MOORMAN, Frankfurt Zoological Society, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee, RONALDO G. MORATO, National Research Center for Carnivores Conservation, ALEXANDER M. MOßBRUCKER, Frankfurt Zoological Society, Bernhard-Grzimek-Allee, GUILHERME DE MIRANDA MOURAO, CPAP, DAVID O'CONNOR, San Diego Zoo Institute of Conservation Research, LUIZ GUSTAVO R. OLIVEIRA-SANTOS, National Geographic Partners, JENNIFER PASTORINI, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, BRUCE D. PATTERSON, Centre for Conservation and Research, Sri Lanka, JANET RACHLOW, Anthropologisches Institut, Switzerland, DUSTIN H. RANGLACK, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NEIL REID, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, DAVID M. SCANTLEBURY, Queen's University Belfast, DAWN M. SCOTT, Keele University, Keele, NURIA SELVA, Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, AGNIESZKA SERGIEL, Treaty Authority, Duluth, MELISSA SONGER, Asociación Guyra Paraguay-CONACYT, NUCHARIN SONGSASEN, Instituto Saite, Paraguay, JARED A. STABACH, Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance, Hyderabad, India, JENNA STACY-DAWES, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, MORGAN B. SWINGEN, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, JEFFREY J. THOMPSON, University of Pretoria, WIEBKE ULLMANN, Ibaraki Nature Museum, Osaki, ABI TAMIM VANAK, University of Agriculture, Tokyo, MARIA THAKER, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, JOHN W. WILSON, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, KOJI YAMAZAKI, Ibaraki Nature Museum, Osaki, RICHARD W. YARNELL, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, FILIP ZIEBA, Tatra National Park, Zakopane, TOMASZ ZWIJACZ-KOZICA, Tatra National Park, Zakopane, WILLIAM F. FAGAN, University of Maryland, College Park, THOMAS MUELLER, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt, and JUSTIN M. CALABRESE, National Zoological Park, Front Royal.

Subjects
Basic medical, dental and veterinary sciences: 710 [VDP], 0106 biological sciences, conservación basada en áreas, autocorrelation, distribución local, home range, Magnitude (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Homing Behavior, 核密度估计, Statistics, 保护区设计, Body Size, 标度, SDG 15 - Life on Land, Mammals, area‐based conservation, 家域, Ecology, diseño de reserva, Conservação, scaling, 自相关, Biological Sciences, ddc, Comportamento Animal, Reserve design, 动物移动, Global Positioning System, kernel density estimation, Animal behavior, 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie, Conservation of Natural Resources, Conservation status, Life on Land, Home range, Kernel density estimation, movimiento de mamíferos, 010603 evolutionary biology, ddc:570, Space use, allometry, Animals, Humans, SF, Basale medisinske, odontologiske og veterinærmedisinske fag: 710 [VDP], area-based conservation, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, alometría, QL, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, allometry, animal movement, area-based conservation, autocorrelation, home range, kernel density estimation, reserve design, scaling, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Autocorrelation, Endangered Species, escalamiento, Ranging, 异速增长, Conservation Methods, animal movement, 区域保护, estimación de densidad del núcleo, autocorrelación, Environmental science, Mamífero, Allometry, Generic health relevance, business, reserve design, Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Accurately quantifying species’ area requirements is a prerequisite for effective area‐based conservation. This typically involves collecting tracking data on species of interest and then conducting home‐range analyses. Problematically, autocorrelation in tracking data can result in space needs being severely underestimated. Based on the previous work, we hypothesized the magnitude of underestimation varies with body mass, a relationship that could have serious conservation implications. To evaluate this hypothesis for terrestrial mammals, we estimated home‐range areas with global positioning system (GPS) locations from 757 individuals across 61 globally distributed mammalian species with body masses ranging from 0.4 to 4000 kg. We then applied block cross‐validation to quantify bias in empirical home‐range estimates. Area requirements of mammals 1, meaning the scaling of the relationship changed substantially at the upper end of the mass spectrum., Article impact statement: Due to autocorrelation‐induced bias, conventional methods severely underestimate the area requirements of GPS‐tracked large mammals.

Published
2020
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45. Peripheral CD8 effector-memory type 1 T-cells correlate with outcome in ipilimumab-treated stage IV melanoma patients

Author

Christian U. Blank, Michele Maio, Michael A. Postow, Benjamin Weide, Phillip Wong, Dirk Schadendorf, Anna Maria Di Giacomo, Florian Heubach, Jianda Yuan, Paolo A. Ascierto, Amir Khammari, Marnix H Geukes Foppen, Brigitte Dréno, Graham Pawelec, Claus Garbe, Emanuela Romano, Domenico Mallardo, Bastian Schilling, Jedd D. Wolchok, Kilian Wistuba-Hamprecht, Alexander Martens, Department of Dermatology [Tubingen, Germany], University Medical Center [Tubingen, Germany], Department of Internal Medicine II [Tübingen, Germany], University Medical Center [Tübingen, Germany], Immunité et cancer (U932), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), The Netherlands Cancer Institute [Amsterdam, The Netherlands], Memorial Sloane Kettering Cancer Center [New York], Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York], Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione Pascale [Naples, Italy], Department of Dermatology [Essen, Germany], University Hospital [Essen, Germany]-West German Cancer Center [Essen, Germany]-University Duisburg-Essen [Germany], German Cancer Consortium [Heidelberg] (DKTK), Division of Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy [Siena, Italy], University Hospital of Siena, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers (CRCNA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Laennec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Faculté de Médecine d'Angers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), School of Science and Technology [Nottingham, U.K.], Nottingham Trent University, Division of Cancer Studies [London, UK], King‘s College London, Parts of this study were funded by Bristol-Myers Squibb (Munich, Germany) to B Weide. Parts of this study were funded by the EU Seventh Framework Program ‘PRIAT’ (Profiling Responders In Antibody Therapies) grant agreement no 305309 to C Garbe. Parts of this study were funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG PA 361-22/1 to G. Pawelec., European Project: 305309,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2012-INNOVATION-1,PRIAT(2012), Bernardo, Elizabeth, Profiling Responders In Antibody Therapies - PRIAT - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2012-11-01 - 2014-10-31 - 305309 - VALID, Immunité et cancer ( U932 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut Curie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center [New York, NY, USA], Weill Cornell Medical College [New York, NY, USA], German Cancer Consortium - DKTK [Heidelberg, Germany], Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie / Nantes - Angers ( CRCNA ), CHU Angers-Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Hôpital Laennec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Faculté de Médecine d'Angers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Nottingham Trent University [U.K.], European Project : 305309,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2012-INNOVATION-1,PRIAT ( 2012 ), and Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen]-University Hospital [Essen, Germany]-West German Cancer Center [Essen, Germany]

Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, Skin Neoplasms, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Medizin, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, [ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Biomarker, Effector memory cells, Ipilimumab, Melanoma, Prognosis, medicine.diagnostic_test, Effector, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Middle Aged, Flow Cytometry, Peripheral, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Biomarker (medicine), Female, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Antineoplastic Agents, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, Article, Flow cytometry, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Antigens, Neoplasm, Internal medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Humans, Aged, business.industry, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Immunology, business, Immunologic Memory, CD8
Abstract

International audience; The role of the assessment of peripheral T-cell phenotypes in predicting overall survival (OS) after ipilimumab treatment is unclear. Here, we analysed mononuclear cells in the blood before and at different time points during treatment with ipilimumab in 137 late-stage melanoma patients. The proportions of baseline naïve and memory T-cells were measured by flow cytometry and correlated with OS, with an emphasis on PD-1 expression. High frequencies (>13%) of CD8 effector-memory type 1 (EM1) T-cells at baseline correlated with longer OS (p = 0.029) and higher clinical response rates (p = 0.01). The frequency of these EM1 cells and the M category had independent impacts on OS (hazard ratio = 1.5, p = 0.033; and hazard ratio = 1.9, p = 0.007). In contrast, high baseline frequencies of late stage-differentiated effector memory CD8 cells (>23.8%) were negatively associated with OS (p = 0.034) but did not correlate with clinical response. Following treatment, a decrease of CD8 cells from baseline to the time of the second drug dose and at later time points was strongly and consistently correlated with a high clinical response rate. Our observations thus suggest an important predictive role of baseline CD8 EM1 cells and changes in CD8 cells for clinical response of ipilimumab. Further validation of these biomarker candidates is warranted.

Published
2017
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46. Probiotic yogurt and acidified milk similarly reduce postprandial inflammation and both alter the gut microbiota of healthy, young men

Author

Marta Rosikiewicz, Nathalie Vionnet, Philip G. McTernan, Guy Vergères, Antony Croxatto, Sébastien Aeby, Gilbert Greub, François P. Pralong, Grégory Pimentel, Marie-Jeanne Voirol, Jocelyne Drai, Ueli von Ah, Kathryn J Burton, Ueli Bütikofer, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne university hospital, Agroscope, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Nottingham Trent University, Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), and School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medicine (miscellaneous), Inflammation, Gut flora, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Double-Blind Method, Lactobacillus, medicine, Animals, Humans, Food science, Meals, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, Colony-forming unit, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, business.industry, Microbiota, Probiotics, Parallel study, food and beverages, Postprandial Period, Yogurt, biology.organism_classification, Dietary Fats, Gastrointestinal Tract, Milk, 030104 developmental biology, Streptococcus salivarius, Postprandial, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Probiotic yogurt and milk supplemented with probiotics have been investigated for their role in ‘low-grade’ inflammation but evidence for their efficacy is inconclusive. This study explores the impact of probiotic yogurt on metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, with a parallel study of gut microbiota dynamics. The randomised cross-over study was conducted in fourteen healthy, young men to test probiotic yogurt compared with milk acidified with 2 % d-(+)-glucono-δ-lactone during a 2-week intervention (400 g/d). Fasting assessments, a high-fat meal test (HFM) and microbiota analyses were used to assess the intervention effects. Baseline assessments for the HFM were carried out after a run-in during which normal milk was provided. No significant differences in the inflammatory response to the HFM were observed after probiotic yogurt compared with acidified milk intake; however, both products were associated with significant reductions in the inflammatory response to the HFM compared with the baseline tests (assessed by IL6, TNFα and chemokine ligand 5) (PBilophila wadsworthia after acidified milk (log 2-fold-change (FC)=–1·5, Padj=0·05) and probiotic yogurt intake (FC=–1·3, Padj=0·03), increased abundance of Bifidobacterium species after acidified milk intake (FC=1·4, Padj=0·04) and detection of Lactobacillus delbrueckii spp. bulgaricus (FC=7·0, PadjStreptococcus salivarius spp. thermophilus (FC=6·0, Padj

Published
2017
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47. Problematic internet use in adults: Cross-cultural study in 15 countries

Author

Olatz Lopez-Fernandez, Lucia Romo, Laurence Kern, Amélie Rousseau, Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta, Joanna Chwaszcz, Niko Männikkö, Hans-Jürgen Rumpf, Anja Bischof, Orsolya Király, Ann-Kathrin Gässler, Pierluigi Graziani, Maria Kääriäinen, Nils Inge Landrø, Juan José Zacarés, Mariano Chóliz, Magali Dufour, Lucien Rochat, Daniele Zullino, Sophia Achab, Zsolt Demetrovics, Mark D. Griffiths, Daria J. Kuss, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Université Francisco de Vitoria = Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz [Madrid, Spain], Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Adaptation, mesure et évaluation en santé. Approches interdisciplinaires (APEMAC), Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé (CERPPS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin (KUL), University of Oulu, Oulu University of Applied Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Université de Nîmes (UNIMES), Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale (LPS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), University of Oslo (UiO), Universitat de València (UV), Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospital of Geneva, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Neuroscience Center [University of Geneva], Hôpital Universitaire de Genève = University Hospitals of Geneva (HUG), Universität zu Lübeck = University of Lübeck [Lübeck], Oulu University Hospital [Oulu], Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), University of Gibraltar [Gibraltar] (UG), Nottingham Trent University, European Commission, EC: FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF-627999, Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal, NKFIH: KKP126835, This research was funded by the European Commission, grant title: Technological use disorders: European cross-cultural longitudinal and experimental studies for Internet and smartphone problem uses project, code: FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF-627999. It was also supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (KKP126835)., and European Project: 627999,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF,TECH USE DISORDERS(2014)

Subjects
problematic online shopping, problematic social networking, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], problematic online sex, cross-cultural research, impulsivity, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, General Medicine, problematic gaming, problematic gambling, psychopathology, internet addiction, [SCCO]Cognitive science, problematic internet use
Abstract

International audience; Background: The present study compared adult usage patterns of online activities, the frequency rate of problematic internet use (PIU), and risk factors (including the psychopathology associated with PIU, i.e., distress and impulsivity) among adults in 15 countries from Europe, America, and Asia. Methods: A total of 5130 adults from Belgium, Finland, Germany, Italy, Spain, France, Switzerland, Hungary, Poland, UK, Norway, Peru, Canada, US, and Indonesia completed an online survey assessing PIU and a number of psychological variables (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress, and impulsivity). The sample included more females, with a mean age of 24.71 years (SD = 8.70). Results: PIU was slightly lower in European countries (rates ranged from 1.1% in Finland to 10.1% in the UK, compared to 2.9% in Canada and 10.4% in the US). There were differences in specific PIU rates (e.g., problematic gaming ranged from 0.4% in Poland to 4.7% in Indonesia). Regression analyses showed that PIU was predicted by problematic social networking and gaming, lack of perseverance, positive urgency, and depression. Conclusions: The differences in PIU between countries were significant for those between continental regions (Europe versus non-European countries). One of the most interesting findings is that the specific PIU risks were generally low compared to contemporary literature. However, higher levels of PIU were present in countries outside of Europe, although intra-European differences existed.

Published
2023
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48. Remote assessment of ADHD in children and adolescents : recommendations from the European ADHD Guidelines Group following the clinical experience during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Santosh, P., Cortese, S., Hollis, C., Bölte, S., Daley, D., Coghill, David, Holtmann, M., Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S., Buitelaar, J., Banaschewski, Tobias, Stringaris, A., Döpfner, M., Van der Oord, S., Carucci, S., Brandeis, D., Nagy, P., Ferrin, M., Baeyens, D., van den Hoofdakker, B. J., Purper-Ouakil, D., Ramos-Quiroga, A., Romanos, M., Soutullo, C. A., Thapar, A., Wong, I. C. K., Zuddas, A., Galera, C., Simonoff, E., Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, University of Zurich, Institut Català de la Salut, [Santosh P] Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK. Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. HealthTracker Ltd, Gillingham, Kent, UK. [Cortese S] Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK. Hassenfeld Children’s Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York City, NY, USA. Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. [Hollis C] School of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) MindTech Mental Health MedTech Cooperative, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Mental Health, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. [Bölte S] Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden. Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia. [Daley D] NTU Psychology, School of Social Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK. [Coghill D] Departments of Paediatrics and Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. [Ramos-Quiroga A] Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, and Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus

Subjects
Pandemic, European ADHD Guidelines Group (EAGG), COVID-19, Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [DISEASES], 610 Medicine & health, Remote assessment, General Medicine, 10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Perinatology and Child Health, Adolescents, COVID-19 (Malaltia), Pediatrics, Psychiatry and Mental health, Trastorn per dèficit d'atenció amb hiperactivitat, Mental Disorders::Neurodevelopmental Disorders::Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders::Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity [PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOLOGY], Assistència sanitària, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, virosis::infecciones por virus ARN::infecciones por Nidovirales::infecciones por Coronaviridae::infecciones por Coronavirus [ENFERMEDADES], Developmental and Educational Psychology, ADHD, administración de los servicios de salud::gestión de la atención al paciente::prestación sanitaria [ATENCIÓN DE SALUD], trastornos mentales::trastornos del desarrollo neurológico::trastornos conductuales disruptivos y déficit de atención::trastornos de déficit de atención con hiperactividad [PSIQUIATRÍA Y PSICOLOGÍA], 10064 Neuroscience Center Zurich, Children, Health Services Administration::Patient Care Management::Delivery of Health Care [HEALTH CARE]
Abstract

Adolescents; COVID-19; Remote assessment Adolescents; COVID-19; Avaluació a distància Adolescentes; COVID-19; Evaluación a distancia The COVID-19 pandemic led ADHD services to modify the clinical practice to reduce in-person contact as much as possible to minimise viral spread. This had far-reaching effects on day-to-day clinical practice as remote assessments were widely adopted. Despite the attenuation of the acute threat from COVID, many clinical services are retaining some remote practices. The lack of clear evidence-based guidance about the most appropriate way to conduct remote assessments meant that these changes were typically implemented in a localised, ad hoc, and un-coordinated way. Here, the European ADHD Guidelines Group (EAGG) discusses the strengths and weaknesses of remote assessment methods of children and adolescents with ADHD in a narrative review based on available data and expert opinions to highlight key recommendations for future studies and clinical practice. We conclude that going forward, despite remote working in clinical services functioning adequately during the pandemic, all required components of ADHD assessment should still be completed following national/international guidelines; however, the process may need adaptation. Social restrictions, including changes in education provision, can either mask or exacerbate features associated with ADHD and therefore assessment should carefully chart symptom profile and impairment prior to, as well as during an ongoing pandemic. While remote assessments are valuable in allowing clinical services to continue despite restrictions and may have benefits for routine care in the post-pandemic world, particular attention must be paid to those who may be at high risk but not be able to use/access remote technologies and prioritize these groups for conventional face-to-face assessments.

Published
2023
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49. Community perceptions on the factors in the social food environment that influence dietary behaviour in cities of Kenya and Ghana: A Photovoice study

Author

Milkah N Wanjohi, Rebecca Pradeilles, Gershim Asiki, Michelle Holdsworth, Elizabeth W Kimani-Murage, Stella K Muthuri, Ana Irache, Amos Laar, Francis Zotor, Akua Tandoh, Senam Klomegah, Fiona Graham, Hibbah Araba Osei-Kwasi, Mark A Green, Nathaniel Coleman, Kobby Mensah, Robert Akparibo, Richmond Aryeteey, Emily K Rousham, Nicolas Bricas, Marco Bohr, Paula Griffiths, African Population and Health Research Center, Inc (APHRC Campus), Loughborough University, Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Warwick [Coventry], University of Ghana, University of Health and Allied Sciences [Ho] (UHAS), Newcastle University [Newcastle], University of Sheffield [Sheffield], University of Liverpool, Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Nottingham Trent University, University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), and This work was supported by two funders. The ‘Dietary transitions in Ghana’ project was funded by a grant from the Drivers of Food Choice Competitive Grants Programme [grant number OPP1110043], which is funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Seattle, WA and the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office, and managed by the University of South Carolina Arnold School of Public Health, USA. The TACLED project was funded by a Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) Foundation Award led by the MRC [grant number MR/P025153/1], and supported by Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC),Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research (BBSRC), Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) and Natural Environment Research Council (NERC).

Subjects
Food environment, Nutrition and Dietetics, Social factors, Africa, Photovoice, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Urban, Medicine (miscellaneous), Dietary behaviour, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

Objective:To explore communities’ perspectives on the factors in the social food environment that influence dietary behaviours in African cities.Design:A qualitative study using participatory photography (Photovoice). Participants took and discussed photographs representing factors in the social food environment that influence their dietary behaviours. Follow-up in-depth interviews allowed participants to tell the ‘stories’ of their photographs. Thematic analysis was conducted, using data-driven and theory-driven (based on the socio-ecological model) approaches.Setting:Three low-income areas of Nairobi (n 48) in Kenya and Accra (n 62) and Ho (n 32) in Ghana.Participants:Adolescents and adults, male and female aged ≥13 years.Results:The ‘people’ who were most commonly reported as influencers of dietary behaviours within the social food environment included family members, friends, health workers and food vendors. They mainly influenced food purchase, preparation and consumption, through (1) considerations for family members’ food preferences, (2) considerations for family members’ health and nutrition needs, (3) social support by family and friends, (4) provision of nutritional advice and modelling food behaviour by parents and health professionals, (5) food vendors’ services and social qualities.Conclusions:The family presents an opportunity for promoting healthy dietary behaviours among family members. Peer groups could be harnessed to promote healthy dietary behaviours among adolescents and youth. Empowering food vendors to provide healthier and safer food options could enhance healthier food sourcing, purchasing and consumption in African low-income urban communities.

Published
2022
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50. The eyes of the past: larger pupil size for autobiographical memories retrieved from field perspective

Author

Quentin Lenoble, Frederique Robin, Karim Gallouj, Mohamad El Haj, Steve M. J. Janssen, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR Lettres et Langages (UFRLL), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Nottingham Trent University, University of Lille, Université de Ngaoundéré/University of Ngaoundéré [Cameroun] (UN), Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, and Université de Nantes (UN)

Subjects
Autobiographical memory, media_common.quotation_subject, Field (Bourdieu), Perspective (graphical), ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Pupil size, Dermatology, General Medicine, Emotional intensity, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, 0302 clinical medicine, Pupillary response, Introspection, 030212 general & internal medicine, Neurology (clinical), Psychology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Mental image, Cognitive psychology, media_common
Abstract

Visual perspective during memory retrieval has mainly been evaluated with methodologies based on introspection and subjective reports. The current study investigates whether visual perspective can be evaluated with a physiological measurement: pupil dilation. While their pupil diameter was measured with an eye-tracker, forty-five participants retrieved one memory from a field perspective (i.e., as viewed through our own eyes) and one memory from an observer perspective (i.e., as viewed from a spectator’s standpoint). After retrieval, participants rated the emotional intensity of the memories. Analysis demonstrated larger pupils during the retrieval of memories from a field perspective and higher emotional intensity for memories retrieved from a field perspective. The larger pupils for memories recalled from a field perspective could, however, not be attributed to their higher emotional intensity. These findings suggest that pupil dilation could be used as a physiological assessment of visual perspective during memory retrieval.

Published
2021
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