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1. Arbuscular mycorrhizal trees influence the latitudinal beta-diversity gradient of tree communities in forests worldwide

Author

Yonglin Zhong, Chengjin Chu, Jonathan A. Myers, Gregory S. Gilbert, James A. Lutz, Jonas Stillhard, Kai Zhu, Jill Thompson, Jennifer L. Baltzer, Fangliang He, Joseph A. LaManna, Stuart J. Davies, Kristina J. Aderson-Teixeira, David F.R.P. Burslem, Alfonso Alonso, Kuo-Jung Chao, Xugao Wang, Lianming Gao, David A. Orwig, Xue Yin, Xinghua Sui, Zhiyao Su, Iveren Abiem, Pulchérie Bissiengou, Norm Bourg, Nathalie Butt, Min Cao, Chia-Hao Chang-Yang, Wei-Chun Chao, Hazel Chapman, Yu-Yun Chen, David A. Coomes, Susan Cordell, Alexandre A. de Oliveira, Hu Du, Suqin Fang, Christian P. Giardina, Zhanqing Hao, Andrew Hector, Stephen P. Hubbell, David Janík, Patrick A. Jansen, Mingxi Jiang, Guangze Jin, David Kenfack, Kamil Král, Andrew J. Larson, Buhang Li, Xiankun Li, Yide Li, Juyu Lian, Luxiang Lin, Feng Liu, Yankun Liu, Yu Liu, Fuchen Luan, Yahuang Luo, Keping Ma, Yadvinder Malhi, Sean M. McMahon, William McShea, Hervé Memiaghe, Xiangcheng Mi, Mike Morecroft, Vojtech Novotny, Michael J. O’Brien, Jan den Ouden, Geoffrey G. Parker, Xiujuan Qiao, Haibao Ren, Glen Reynolds, Pavel Samonil, Weiguo Sang, Guochun Shen, Zhiqiang Shen, Guo-Zhang Michael Song, I-Fang Sun, Hui Tang, Songyan Tian, Amanda L. Uowolo, María Uriarte, Bin Wang, Xihua Wang, Youshi Wang, George D. Weiblen, Zhihong Wu, Nianxun Xi, Wusheng Xiang, Han Xu, Kun Xu, Wanhui Ye, Mingjian Yu, Fuping Zeng, Minhua Zhang, Yingming Zhang, Li Zhu, and Jess K. Zimmerman

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The relationship of mycorrhizal associations with latitudinal gradients in tree beta-diversity is unexplored. Using a global dataset approach, this study examines how trees with arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal associations contribute to latitudinal beta-diversity patterns and the environmental controls of these patterns.

Published
2021
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2. Patterns of nitrogen‐fixing tree abundance in forests across Asia and America

Author

Renato Valencia, Duncan N. L. Menge, Guochun Shen, I. A. U. Nimal Gunatilleke, Keith Clay, Anuttara Nathalang, Rebecca Ostertag, Xiankun Li, Patrick A. Jansen, Mauricio Alvarez, Pagi S. Toko, Ana Andrade, Keping Ma, Stephen P. Hubbell, Christine Fletcher, Norm Bourg, Tomáš Vrška, Geoffrey G. Parker, Yide Li, Bin Wang, Li Zhu, Richard P. Phillips, Michael D. Morecroft, Luxiang Lin, Sean M. McMahon, João Batista da Silva, Stuart J. Davies, David Allen, Lee Sing Kong, William J. McShea, Weiguo Sang, Jan den Ouden, Sean C. Thomas, Sheng-Hsin Su, Billy C.H. Hau, Robert W. Howe, Jonathan Myers, Michael Drescher, James A. Lutz, Han Xu, Ankur Shringi, Daniel J. Johnson, Chang-Fu Hsieh, Min Cao, C. V. Savitri Gunatilleke, Alberto Vicentini, Lawren Sack, H. S. Suresh, Xihua Wang, Vojtech Novotny, Christian P. Giardina, George D. Weiblen, H. S. Dattaraja, Sandra L. Yap, Amy Wolf, Raman Sukumar, Tak Fung, Sylvester Tan, Nathalie Butt, Richard Condit, Warren Y. Brockelman, Sarayudh Bunyavejchewin, Yiching Lin, Yadvinder Malhi, Susan Cordell, I-Fang Sun, Faith Inman-Narahari, Shirong Liu, Fangliang He, Kassim Abd Rahman, Wei-Chun Chao, Jessica Shue, Martha Isabel Vallejo, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Kamariah Abu Salim, Jiangshan Lai, Ryan A. Chisholm, Chen-Chia Ku, Wirong Chanthorn, David A. Orwig, Andrew J. Larson, Perry S. Ong, Kamil Král, Xiangcheng Mi, and Shawn K. Y. Lum

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Plant Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Latitude, Basal area, forest, Abundance (ecology), Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Ecosystem, Precipitation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, nutrient limitation, Ecology, Tropics, legume, PE&RC, Smithsonian ForestGEO, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, symbiosis, Fixation (population genetics), Geography, nitrogen fixation, Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Nitrogen fixation, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Symbiotic nitrogen (N)-fixing trees can provide large quantities of new N to ecosystems, but only if they are sufficiently abundant. The overall abundance and latitudinal abundance distributions of N-fixing trees are well characterised in the Americas, but less well outside the Americas. Here, we characterised the abundance of N-fixing trees in a network of forest plots spanning five continents, ~5,000 tree species and ~4 million trees. The majority of the plots (86%) were in America or Asia. In addition, we examined whether the observed pattern of abundance of N-fixing trees was correlated with mean annual temperature and precipitation. Outside the tropics, N-fixing trees were consistently rare in the forest plots we examined. Within the tropics, N-fixing trees were abundant in American but not Asian forest plots (~7% versus ~1% of basal area and stems). This disparity was not explained by mean annual temperature or precipitation. Our finding of low N-fixing tree abundance in the Asian tropics casts some doubt on recent high estimates of N fixation rates in this region, which do not account for disparities in N-fixing tree abundance between the Asian and American tropics. Synthesis. Inputs of nitrogen to forests depend on symbiotic nitrogen fixation, which is constrained by the abundance of N-fixing trees. By analysing a large dataset of ~4 million trees, we found that N-fixing trees were consistently rare in the Asian tropics as well as across higher latitudes in Asia, America and Europe. The rarity of N-fixing trees in the Asian tropics compared with the American tropics might stem from lower intrinsic N limitation in Asian tropical forests, although direct support for any mechanism is lacking. The paucity of N-fixing trees throughout Asian forests suggests that N inputs to the Asian tropics might be lower than previously thought.

Published
2019
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3. Arbuscular mycorrhizal trees influence the latitudinal beta-diversity gradient of tree communities in forests worldwide

Author

Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, George D. Weiblen, Feng Liu, Xugao Wang, Juyu Lian, Han Xu, Amanda Uowolo, Michael O'Brien, Keping Ma, Xue Yin, Nianxun Xi, Hu Du, Xiangcheng Mi, Min Cao, Vojtech Novotny, Guangze Jin, Pavel Šamonil, Youshi Wang, Xiankun Li, Kristina J. Aderson-Teixeira, Fangliang He, Pulchérie Bissiengou, Kun Xu, Jill Thompson, Weiguo Sang, Norm Bourg, Luxiang Lin, Fuping Zeng, Gregory S. Gilbert, Mingjian Yu, Mingxi Jiang, Hervé Memiaghe, Haibao Ren, Glen Reynolds, Buhang Li, Kuo-Jung Chao, Wei-Chun Chao, Yadvinder Malhi, Yu Liu, Yonglin Zhong, William J. McShea, David A. Orwig, Stephen P. Hubbell, Li Zhu, Hui Tang, Zhihong Wu, Jan den Ouden, Songyan Tian, Guochun Shen, Xihua Wang, Lian-Ming Gao, María Uriarte, Geoffrey G. Parker, Iveren Abiem, Michael D. Morecroft, Zhanqing Hao, Yu-Yun Chen, Xiujuan Qiao, Sean M. McMahon, Jess K. Zimmerman, Joseph A. LaManna, James A. Lutz, Wanhui Ye, David Janík, Chengjin Chu, Fuchen Luan, Xinghua Sui, Jonas Stillhard, David Kenfack, Bin Wang, Guo-Zhang Michael Song, Christian P. Giardina, Nathalie Butt, Yingming Zhang, Ya-Huang Luo, Zhiqiang Shen, Yankun Liu, Susan Cordell, I-Fang Sun, David A. Coomes, Chia-Hao Chang-Yang, Alfonso Alonso, Zhiyao Su, Andy Hector, David F. R. P. Burslem, Minhua Zhang, Patrick A. Jansen, Jonathan Myers, Jennifer L. Baltzer, Wusheng Xiang, Yide Li, Stuart J. Davies, Hazel M. Chapman, Kai Zhu, Andrew J. Larson, Suqin Fang, Kamil Král, Zhong, Yonglin [0000-0002-0521-4601], Chu, Chengjin [0000-0002-0606-449X], Myers, Jonathan A. [0000-0002-2058-8468], Gilbert, Gregory S. [0000-0002-5195-9903], Lutz, James A. [0000-0002-2560-0710], Stillhard, Jonas [0000-0001-8850-4817], Zhu, Kai [0000-0003-1587-3317], Thompson, Jill [0000-0002-4370-2593], Baltzer, Jennifer L. [0000-0001-7476-5928], He, Fangliang [0000-0003-0774-4849], LaManna, Joseph A. [0000-0002-8229-7973], Aderson-Teixeira, Kristina J. [0000-0001-8461-9713], Burslem, David F.R.P. [0000-0001-6033-0990], Alonso, Alfonso [0000-0001-6860-8432], Wang, Xugao [0000-0003-1207-8852], Gao, Lianming [0000-0001-9047-2658], Orwig, David A. [0000-0001-7822-3560], Abiem, Iveren [0000-0002-0925-0618], Butt, Nathalie [0000-0003-1517-6191], Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao [0000-0003-3635-4946], Chapman, Hazel [0000-0001-8509-703X], Fang, Suqin [0000-0002-1324-4640], Hector, Andrew [0000-0002-1309-7716], Jansen, Patrick A. [0000-0002-4660-0314], Kenfack, David [0000-0001-8208-3388], Liu, Yu [0000-0001-9869-2735], Luo, Yahuang [0000-0002-0073-419X], Ma, Keping [0000-0001-9112-5340], Malhi, Yadvinder [0000-0002-3503-4783], McMahon, Sean M. [0000-0001-8302-6908], Mi, Xiangcheng [0000-0002-2971-5881], Morecroft, Mike [0000-0002-7978-5554], Novotny, Vojtech [0000-0001-7918-8023], O’Brien, Michael J. [0000-0003-0943-8423], Ouden, Jan den [0000-0003-1518-2460], Ren, Haibao [0000-0002-8955-301X], Sang, Weiguo [0000-0002-7131-896X], Uriarte, María [0000-0002-0484-0758], Xi, Nianxun [0000-0002-1711-3875], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Myers, Jonathan A [0000-0002-2058-8468], Gilbert, Gregory S [0000-0002-5195-9903], Lutz, James A [0000-0002-2560-0710], Baltzer, Jennifer L [0000-0001-7476-5928], LaManna, Joseph A [0000-0002-8229-7973], Aderson-Teixeira, Kristina J [0000-0001-8461-9713], Burslem, David FRP [0000-0001-6033-0990], Orwig, David A [0000-0001-7822-3560], Jansen, Patrick A [0000-0002-4660-0314], McMahon, Sean M [0000-0001-8302-6908], and O'Brien, Michael J [0000-0003-0943-8423]

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Science, Biogeography, Beta diversity, Biodiversity, General Physics and Astronomy, Biology, Forests, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Ecology and Environment, Latitude, Trees, Mycorrhizae, FLORESTAS, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Plant Dispersal, Soil Microbiology, Multidisciplinary, Host Microbial Interactions, Ecology, General Chemistry, respiratory system, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, 631/158/852, Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Nestedness, Tree (set theory), Arbuscular mycorrhizal, human activities, 631/158/670, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) associations are critical for host-tree performance. However, how mycorrhizal associations correlate with the latitudinal tree beta-diversity remains untested. Using a global dataset of 45 forest plots representing 2,804,270 trees across 3840 species, we test how AM and EcM trees contribute to total beta-diversity and its components (turnover and nestedness) of all trees. We find AM rather than EcM trees predominantly contribute to decreasing total beta-diversity and turnover and increasing nestedness with increasing latitude, probably because wide distributions of EcM trees do not generate strong compositional differences among localities. Environmental variables, especially temperature and precipitation, are strongly correlated with beta-diversity patterns for both AM trees and all trees rather than EcM trees. Results support our hypotheses that latitudinal beta-diversity patterns and environmental effects on these patterns are highly dependent on mycorrhizal types. Our findings highlight the importance of AM-dominated forests for conserving global forest biodiversity., The relationship of mycorrhizal associations with latitudinal gradients in tree beta-diversity is unexplored. Using a global dataset approach, this study examines how trees with arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal associations contribute to latitudinal beta-diversity patterns and the environmental controls of these patterns.

Published
2021

4. Direct and indirect effects of climate on richness drive the latitudinal diversity gradient in forest trees

Author

Glen Reynolds, Guochun Shen, Shujun Wen, Billy C.H. Hau, Hervé Memiaghe, George D. Weiblen, David Storch, Keping Ma, Guangze Jin, Zhiyao Su, Fangliang He, Andy Hector, Jiangshan Lai, Bin Wang, Gary G. Mittelbach, William J. McShea, Weiguo Sang, Yingming Zhang, David A. Orwig, Ya-Huang Luo, Juyu Lian, David Kenfack, Xiujuan Qiao, Xihua Wang, Richard Condit, Ming Ni, Xiankun Li, Alfonso Alonso, Xiangcheng Mi, Jiaxin Zhang, Qing He, Xiaotong Zhang, Lian-Ming Gao, Wusheng Xiang, Stephen P. Hubbell, Kai Zhu, James A. Lutz, Geoffrey G. Parker, Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira, Suqin Fang, Kamil Král, Jess K. Zimmerman, Norm Bourg, Wanhui Ye, Xinghua Sui, Luxiang Lin, Zhanqin Hao, Bingwei Zhang, Yankun Liu, Han Xu, Yide Li, Min Cao, Buhang Li, Xugao Wang, Hazel M. Chapman, Haibao Ren, Xue Yin, Nianxun Xi, Michael O'Brien, Kun Xu, Iveren Abiem, Youshi Wang, Chengjin Chu, Gunter A. Fischer, Mingxi Jiang, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Yu Liu, Tomáš Vrška, David F. R. P. Burslem, I-Fang Sun, Jonathan Myers, Jennifer L. Baltzer, and Songyan Tian

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, BIODIVERSIDADE, Ecology, Climate, Niche differentiation, Biodiversity, Species diversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Basal area, Trees, 010601 ecology, Geography, Abundance (ecology), Species richness, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Diversity (business), Global biodiversity
Abstract

Climate is widely recognised as an important determinant of the latitudinal diversity gradient. However, most existing studies make no distinction between direct and indirect effects of climate, which substantially hinders our understanding of how climate constrains biodiversity globally. Using data from 35 large forest plots, we test hypothesised relationships amongst climate, topography, forest structural attributes (stem abundance, tree size variation and stand basal area) and tree species richness to better understand drivers of latitudinal tree diversity patterns. Climate influences tree richness both directly, with more species in warm, moist, aseasonal climates and indirectly, with more species at higher stem abundance. These results imply direct limitation of species diversity by climatic stress and more rapid (co-)evolution and narrower niche partitioning in warm climates. They also support the idea that increased numbers of individuals associated with high primary productivity are partitioned to support a greater number of species.

Published
2018

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