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2. Erratum for Sazed et al., “Direct Nasal Swab for Rapid Test and Saliva as an Alternative Biological Sample for RT-PCR in COVID-19 Diagnosis”

Author

Sazed, Saiful Arefeen, primary, Kibria, Mohammad Golam, additional, Zamil, Md Fahad, additional, Hossain, Mohammad Sharif, additional, Khan, Jeba Zaman, additional, Juthi, Rifat Tasnim, additional, Hossain, Mohammad Enayet, additional, Ahmed, Dilruba, additional, Noor, Zannatun, additional, Haque, Rashidul, additional, and Alam, Mohammad Shafiul, additional

Published
2024
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5. Immune modulation by nutritional intervention in malnourished children: identifying the phenotypic distribution and functional responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Author

Noor, Zannatun, primary, Hasan, Md. Mehedi, additional, Gazi, Md. Amran, additional, Hossaini, Farzana, additional, Shahedul Haque, Nur Muhammad, additional, Palit, Parag, additional, Fahim, Shah Mohammad, additional, Das, Subhasish, additional, Mahfuz, Mustafa, additional, Marie, Chelsea, additional, Petri, William A., additional, Haque, Rashidul, additional, and Ahmed, Tahmeed, additional

Published
2023
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7. Direct Nasal Swab for Rapid Test and Saliva as an Alternative Biological Sample for RT-PCR in COVID-19 Diagnosis

Author

Sazed, Saiful Arefeen, primary, Kibria, Mohammad Golam, additional, Zamil, Md Fahad, additional, Hossain, Mohammad Sharif, additional, Khan, Jeba Zaman, additional, Juthi, Rifat Tasnim, additional, Hossain, Mohammad Enayet, additional, Ahmed, Dilruba, additional, Noor, Zannatun, additional, Haque, Rashidul, additional, and Alam, Mohammad Shafiul, additional

Published
2022
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8. Exploratory Analysis of Selected Components of the mTOR Pathway Reveals Potentially Crucial Associations with Childhood Malnutrition

Author

Palit, Parag, primary, Gazi, Md Amran, additional, Das, Subhasish, additional, Hasan, Md Mehedi, additional, Noor, Zannatun, additional, Ferdous, Jafrin, additional, Alam, Md Ashraful, additional, Nuzhat, Sharika, additional, Islam, Md Ridwan, additional, Mahfuz, Mustafa, additional, Haque, Rashidul, additional, and Ahmed, Tahmeed, additional

Published
2022
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10. A Comprehensive Computational Investigation into the Conserved Virulent Proteins of Shigella species Unveils Potential Small-Interfering RNA Candidates as a New Therapeutic Strategy against Shigellosis

Author

Palit, Parag, primary, Chowdhury, Farhana Tasnim, additional, Baruah, Namrata, additional, Sarkar, Bonoshree, additional, Mou, Sadia Noor, additional, Kamal, Mehnaz, additional, Siddiqua, Towfida Jahan, additional, Noor, Zannatun, additional, and Ahmed, Tahmeed, additional

Published
2022
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12. A mutation in the leptin receptor is associated with Entamoeba histolytica infection in children

Author

Duggal, Priya, Guo, Xiaoti, Haque, Rashidul, Peterson, Kristine M., Ricklefs, Stacy, Mondal, Dinesh, Alam, Faisal, Noor, Zannatun, Verkerke, Hans P., Marie, Chelsea, Leduc, Charles A., Myers, Martin G. Jr., Leibel, Rudolph L., Houpt, Eric, Gilchrist, Carol A., Sher, Alan, Porcella, Stephen F., and Petri, William A. Jr.

Subjects
Gene mutations -- Health aspects -- Research -- Genetic aspects -- Physiological aspects, Hormone receptors -- Physiological aspects -- Genetic aspects -- Research -- Health aspects, Children -- Health aspects -- Genetic aspects -- Physiological aspects -- Research, Entamoeba histolytica -- Health aspects -- Genetic aspects -- Research -- Physiological aspects, Health care industry
Abstract

Malnutrition substantially increases susceptibility to Entamoeba histolytica in children. Leptin is a hormone produced by adipocytes that inhibits food intake, influences the immune system, and is suppressed in malnourished children. Therefore we hypothesized that diminished leptin function may increase susceptibility to E. histolytica infection. We prospectively observed a cohort of children, beginning at preschool age, for infection by the parasite E. histolytica every other day over 9 years and evaluated them for genetic variants in leptin (LEP) and the leptin receptor (LEPR). We found increased susceptibility to intestinal infection by this parasite associated with an amino acid substitution in the cytokine receptor homology domain 1 of LEPR. Children carrying the allele for arginine (223R) were nearly 4 times more likely to have an infection compared with those homozygous for the ancestral glutamine allele (223Q). An association of this allele with amebic liver abscess was also determined in an independent cohort of adult patients. In addition, mice carrying at least 1 copy of the R allele of Lepr were more susceptible to infection and exhibited greater levels of mucosal destruction and intestinal epithelial apoptosis after amebic infection. These findings suggest that leptin signaling is important in mucosal defense against amebiasis and that polymorphisms in the leptin receptor explain differences in susceptibility of children in the Bangladesh cohort to amebiasis., Introduction The biological mechanisms by which malnutrition contributes to an estimated one-third of all deaths among children (1) and 60% of deaths due to diarrhea (2) are poorly understood (1). [...]

Published
2011
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13. A comprehensive computational investigation into the conserved virulent proteins of Shigella sp unveils potential siRNA candidates as a new therapeutic strategy against shigellosis

Author

Palit, Parag, primary, Chowdhury, Farhana Tasnim, additional, Baruah, Namrata, additional, Sarkar, Bonoshree, additional, Mou, Sadia Noor, additional, Kamal, Mehnaz, additional, Siddiqua, Towfida Jahan, additional, Noor, Zannatun, additional, and Ahmed, Tahmeed, additional

Published
2021
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14. Plasma Kynurenine to Tryptophan Ratio Is Negatively Associated with Linear Growth of Children Living in a Slum of Bangladesh: Results from a Community-Based Intervention Study

Author

Gazi, Md. Amran, primary, Das, Subhasish, additional, Siddique, Md. Abdullah, additional, Alam, Md. Ashraful, additional, Fahim, Shah Mohammad, additional, Hasan, Md. Mehedi, additional, Hossaini, Farzana, additional, Kabir, Md. Mamun, additional, Noor, Zannatun, additional, Haque, Rashidul, additional, Mahfuz, Mustafa, additional, and Ahmed, Tahmeed, additional

Published
2021
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17. Screening for coeliac disease in children and adults living in a slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Author

Gazi, Md. Amran, primary, Das, Subhasish, additional, Mahfuz, Mustafa, additional, Hasan, Md. Mehedi, additional, Hossain, Md. Shabab, additional, Fahim, Shah Mohammad, additional, Alam, Md. Ashraful, additional, Noor, Zannatun, additional, Gilchrist, Carol A, additional, Petri, William A, additional, Rahman, M Masudur, additional, Mazumder, Ramendra Nath, additional, Haque, Rashidul, additional, Sarker, Shafiqul Alam, additional, and Ahmed, Tahmeed, additional

Published
2019
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18. Microbiome-mediated neutrophil recruitment via CXCR2 and protection from amebic colitis

Author

Watanabe, Koji, primary, Gilchrist, Carol A., additional, Uddin, Md Jashim, additional, Burgess, Stacey L., additional, Abhyankar, Mayuresh M., additional, Moonah, Shannon N., additional, Noor, Zannatun, additional, Donowitz, Jeffrey R., additional, Schneider, Brittany N., additional, Arju, Tuhinur, additional, Ahmed, Emtiaz, additional, Kabir, Mamun, additional, Alam, Masud, additional, Haque, Rashidul, additional, Pramoonjago, Patcharin, additional, Mehrad, Borna, additional, and Petri, William A., additional

Published
2017
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20. Role of Serum Amyloid A, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, and Bone Marrow Granulocyte-Monocyte Precursor Expansion in Segmented Filamentous Bacterium-Mediated Protection from Entamoeba histolytica

Author

Burgess, Stacey L., primary, Saleh, Mahmoud, additional, Cowardin, Carrie A., additional, Buonomo, Erica, additional, Noor, Zannatun, additional, Watanabe, Koji, additional, Abhyankar, Mayuresh, additional, Lajoie, Stephane, additional, Wills-Karp, Marsha, additional, and Petri, William A., additional

Published
2016
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24. Role of Leptin-Mediated Colonic Inflammation in Defense against Clostridium difficile Colitis

Author

Madan, Rajat, primary, Guo, Xiaoti, additional, Naylor, Caitlin, additional, Buonomo, Erica L., additional, Mackay, Donald, additional, Noor, Zannatun, additional, Concannon, Patrick, additional, Scully, Kenneth W., additional, Pramoonjago, Patcharin, additional, Kolling, Glynis L., additional, Warren, Cirle A., additional, Duggal, Priya, additional, and Petri, William A., additional

Published
2014
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29. Glucosylation Drives the Innate Inflammatory Response to Clostridium difficileToxin A

Author

Cowardin, Carrie A., Jackman, Brianna M., Noor, Zannatun, Burgess, Stacey L., Feig, Andrew L., and Petri, William A.

Abstract

ABSTRACTClostridium difficileis a major, life-threatening hospital-acquired pathogen that causes mild to severe colitis in infected individuals. The tissue destruction and inflammation which characterize C. difficileinfection (CDI) are primarily due to the Rho-glucosylating toxins A and B. These toxins cause epithelial cell death and induce robust inflammatory signaling by activating the transcription factor NF-κB, leading to chemokine and cytokine secretion. The toxins also activate the inflammasome complex, which leads to secretion of the pyrogenic cytokine IL-1β. In this study, we utilized glucosylation-deficient toxin A to show that activation of the inflammasome by this toxin is dependent on Rho glucosylation, confirming similar findings reported for toxin B. We also demonstrated that tissue destruction and in vivoinflammatory cytokine production are critically dependent on the enzymatic activity of toxin A, suggesting that inhibiting toxin glucosyltransferase activity may be effective in combating this refractory disease.

Published
2016
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30. Role of Leptin-Mediated Colonic Inflammation in Defense against Clostridium difficileColitis

Author

Madan, Rajat, Guo, Xiaoti, Naylor, Caitlin, Buonomo, Erica L., Mackay, Donald, Noor, Zannatun, Concannon, Patrick, Scully, Kenneth W., Pramoonjago, Patcharin, Kolling, Glynis L., Warren, Cirle A., Duggal, Priya, and Petri, William A.

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe role of leptin in the mucosal immune response to Clostridium difficilecolitis, a leading cause of nosocomial infection, was studied in humans and in a murine model. Previously, a mutation in the receptor for leptin (LEPR) was shown to be associated with susceptibility to infectious colitis and liver abscess due to Entamoeba histolyticaas well as to bacterial peritonitis. Here we discovered that European Americans homozygous for the same LEPRQ223R mutation (rs1137101), known to result in decreased STAT3 signaling, were at increased risk of C. difficileinfection (odds ratio, 3.03; P= 0.015). The mechanism of increased susceptibility was studied in a murine model. Mice lacking a functional leptin receptor (db/db) had decreased clearance of C. difficilefrom the gut lumen and diminished inflammation. Mutation of tyrosine 1138 in the intracellular domain of LepRb that mediates signaling through the STAT3/SOCS3 pathway also resulted in decreased mucosal chemokine and cell recruitment. Collectively, these data support a protective mucosal immune function for leptin in C. difficilecolitis partially mediated by a leptin-STAT3 inflammatory pathway that is defective in the LEPRQ223R mutation. Identification of the role of leptin in protection from C. difficileoffers the potential for host-directed therapy and demonstrates a connection between metabolism and immunity.

Published
2013
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31. Diagnosis of Amebic Liver Abscess and Amebic Colitis by Detection of Entamoeba histolyticaDNA in Blood, Urine, and Saliva by a Real-Time PCR Assay

Author

Haque, Rashidul, Kabir, Mamun, Noor, Zannatun, Rahman, S. M. Mazidur, Mondal, Dinesh, Alam, Faisal, Rahman, Intekhab, Al Mahmood, Abdullh, Ahmed, Nooruddin, and Petri, William A.

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe noninvasive diagnosis of amebic liver abscess is challenging, as most patients at the time of diagnosis do not have a concurrent intestinal infection with Entamoeba histolytica. Fecal testing for E. histolyticaparasite antigen or DNA is negative in most patients. A real-time PCR assay was evaluated for detection of E. histolyticaDNA in blood, urine, and saliva samples from amebic liver abscess as well as amebic colitis patients in Bangladesh. A total of 98 amebic liver abscess and 28 amebic colitis patients and 43 control subjects were examined. The real-time PCR assay detected E. histolyticaDNA in 49%, 77%, and 69% of blood, urine, and saliva specimens from the amebic liver abscess patients. For amebic colitis the sensitivity of the real-time PCR assay for detection of E. histolyticaDNA in blood, urine, and saliva was 36%, 61%, and 64%, respectively. All blood, urine, and saliva samples from control subjects were negative by the real-time PCR assay for E. histolyticaDNA. When the real-time PCR assay results of the urine and saliva specimens were taken together (positive either in urine or saliva), the real-time PCR assay was 97% and 89% sensitive for detection of E. histolyticaDNA in liver abscess and intestinal infection, respectively. We conclude that the detection of E. histolyticaDNA in saliva and urine could be used as a diagnostic tool for amebic liver abscess.

Published
2010
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32. In-Situ Generation of Hydrogen Polysulfides (H 2 S n ) with Thioglucose, Glucose Oxidase, and Chloroperoxidase.

Author

Noor Z, Ni X, and Xian M

Subjects
Hydrogen Sulfide metabolism, Hydrogen Sulfide chemistry, Aspergillus niger enzymology, Glucose Oxidase metabolism, Glucose Oxidase chemistry, Chloride Peroxidase metabolism, Chloride Peroxidase chemistry, Sulfides chemistry, Sulfides metabolism
Abstract

Hydrogen polysulfides (H 2 S n ) have emerged as critical physiological mediators that are closely associated with hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) signaling. H 2 S n exhibit greater nucleophilicity than H 2 S while also having electrophilic characteristics, enabling unique activities such as protein S-persulfidation. Despite their physiological importance, mechanisms and reactivities of H 2 S n remain inadequately explored due to their inherent instability in aqueous environments. Consequently, there is a need to develop biocompatible methods for controlled H 2 S n generation to elucidate their behaviors in biological contexts. Herein, we present a dual enzyme system (containing glucose oxidase (GOx) and chloroperoxidase (CPO)) with thioglucose as the substrate to facilitate the controlled release of H 2 S n . Fluorescence measurements with SSP4 and the trapping studies allowed us to confirm the production of H 2 S n . Such a method may be useful in elucidating the reactivity of hydrogen polysulfides in biological systems as well as provide a potential delivery of H 2 S n to target sites for biological applications., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Published
2024
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33. Targeting hepatitis B vaccine escape using immunogenetics in Bangladeshi infants.

Author

Butler-Laporte G, Auckland K, Noor Z, Kabir M, Alam M, Carstensen T, Wojcik GL, Chong AY, Pomilla C, Noble JA, McDevitt SL, Smits G, Wareing S, van der Klis FR, Jeffery K, Kirkpatrick BD, Sirima S, Madhi S, Elliott A, Richards JB, Hill AV, Duggal P, Sandhu MS, Haque R, Petri WA Jr, and Mentzer AJ

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine escape mutants (VEM) are increasingly described, threatening progress in control of this virus worldwide. Here we studied the relationship between host genetic variation, vaccine immunogenicity and viral sequences implicating VEM emergence. In a cohort of 1,096 Bangladeshi children, we identified human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants associated with response vaccine antigens. Using an HLA imputation panel with 9,448 south Asian individuals DPB1*04:01 was associated with higher HBV antibody responses (p=4.5×10 -30 ). The underlying mechanism is a result of higher affinity binding of HBV surface antigen epitopes to DPB1*04:01 dimers. This is likely a result of evolutionary pressure at the HBV surface antigen 'a-determinant' segment incurring VEM specific to HBV. Prioritizing pre-S isoform HBV vaccines may tackle the rise of HBV vaccine evasion., Competing Interests: Competing interests: JBR’s institution has received investigator-initiated grant funding from Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline and Biogen for projects unrelated to this research. He is the CEO of 5 Prime Sciences Inc (www.5primesciences.com).

Published
2023
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34. Plasma Kynurenine to Tryptophan Ratio Is Negatively Associated with Linear Growth of Children Living in a Slum of Bangladesh: Results from a Community-Based Intervention Study.

Author

Gazi MA, Das S, Siddique MA, Alam MA, Fahim SM, Hasan MM, Hossaini F, Kabir MM, Noor Z, Haque R, Mahfuz M, and Ahmed T

Subjects
Bangladesh, Biomarkers blood, Chromatography, Liquid, Cohort Studies, Female, Growth Disorders blood, Growth Disorders diagnosis, Humans, Infant, Inflammation, Male, Plasma, Growth and Development, Kynurenine blood, Poverty Areas, Tryptophan blood
Abstract

Chronic exposure to infectious agents results in environmental enteric dysfunction-a significant contributor to childhood stunting. Low plasma tryptophan (TRP), increased kynurenine (KYN), and KYN-TRP (KT) ratio are associated with infections and chronic immune activation. We postulated that both these conditions are interlinked, and therefore aimed to identify the association between KT ratio and the linear growth of Bangladeshi children. A total of 480 stunted and at risk of being stunted children aged 12-18 months were enrolled and provided nutrition intervention for 90 days. Plasma samples were assessed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to measure TRP and KYN concentrations. Multivariable linear regression with generalized estimating equations was applied to analyze association between the KT ratio and linear growth. Tryptophan, KYN, and KT ratio were significantly higher in stunted children than in children at risk of being stunted both at baseline and at the end of nutrition intervention. Following intervention, the median (interquartile range [IQR]) KYN concentration was significantly reduced from 4.6 (3.6, 5.4) µmol/L to 3.9 (0.3, 7.6) µmol/L, and median (IQR) KT ratio decreased from 104 (80.9, 131) to 92.8 (6.6, 247) in stunted children. We also found KT ratio to be negatively associated (coefficient = -0.7; 95% CI = -1.13, -0.26; P-value = 0.002) with linear growth. In addition, KYN and KT ratio were positively correlated with fecal neopterin and plasma C-reactive protein, whereas TRP was negatively correlated with both of these biomarkers and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. Our findings imply that KT ratio is associated in the pathophysiology of stunting as well as with biomarkers of inflammation in Bangladeshi children.

Published
2020
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35. Malnutrition and helminth infection affect performance of an interferon gamma-release assay.

Author

Thomas TA, Mondal D, Noor Z, Liu L, Alam M, Haque R, Banu S, Sun H, and Peterson KM

Subjects
Adolescent, Animals, Bangladesh epidemiology, Carrier State, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Feces parasitology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Helminthiasis blood, Helminthiasis epidemiology, Helminths isolation & purification, Humans, Incidence, Interferon-gamma blood, Male, Malnutrition blood, Malnutrition epidemiology, Mass Screening, Reproducibility of Results, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Tuberculin Test methods, Tuberculosis blood, Tuberculosis complications, Tuberculosis epidemiology, Helminthiasis complications, Interferon-gamma metabolism, Malnutrition etiology
Abstract

Objective: We sought to compare the tuberculin skin test (TST) to the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube assay (QFT-IT) and assess the effects of malnourishment and intestinal helminth infection on QFT-IT results., Methods: In this population-based cross-sectional study from Dhaka, Bangladesh, we screened children for latent tuberculosis infection with the QFT-IT and TST. We assess the agreement between the TST and QFT-IT, risk factors associated with indeterminate QFT-IT results, and magnitude of interferon γ (IFN-γ) production., Results: Three hundred and two children (aged 11-15.3 years) were enrolled, including 93 (30.8%) who were malnourished. Of 251 participants who provided stool samples, 117 (46.6%) were infected with Ascaris lumbricoides and/or Trichuris trichiura. TST results were positive (≥10 mm) for 101 (33.4%) children and negative for 201 (66.6%) children. QFT-IT results were positive for 107 (35.4%) children, negative for 121 (40.1%) children, and indeterminate for 74 (24.5%) children. Agreement between the tests was moderate (κ = 0.55 [95% confidence interval: 0.44-0.65]; P < .0001) when excluding indeterminate results. Children with indeterminate QFT-IT results were separately compared with children with positive and negative QFT-IT results; malnutrition (P = .0006 and .0003), and helminth infection (P = .05 and .02), and the statistical interaction between these 2 terms (P = .03 and .004) were associated with indeterminate results. Higher levels of IFN-γ in response to tuberculosis antigens were associated with positive TST results (P < .0001); lower levels were associated with malnutrition (P = .02)., Conclusions: Malnutrition and helminth infections were associated with indeterminate QFT-IT results. Therefore, the presence of such conditions may limit the interpretability of QFT-IT results in children.

Published
2010
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