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Bali cattle have a distinct coloration that indicates the sexual dimorphism of adult cattle. However, coat color deviations are found in bulls due to either genetic impurity or inbreeding. Furthermore, information is needed to determine whether there is a relationship between coat color and cattle performance. This study aimed to evaluate the potential association between coat color deviation and the growth traits of male Bali cattle. A total of 99 adult male Bali cattle from Livestock Breeding and Forage Centre (BPTU) Denpasar, Bali, were used in this study to assess the possible association between coat color and growth capacity. Animals were grouped according to color patterns into full black (FBL), faded black (FDB), black sorel (BSR), and sorel (SRL). Periodically, growth traits of body weight (BW), wither height (WH), body length (BL), and chest circumference (CC) were measured at birth, weaning, and 365 and 730 days of age. The repeated measurement Anova analysis was used to evaluate the relation between coat color and growth traits over time. This study showed no correlation for both traits in calves due to the absence of color deviation in age. However, it turned out to be a significantly positive correlation (p<0.05) when Bali cattle reached puberty at 365 and 730 days. The black adult bulls (FBL & FDB) were significantly larger in growth traits (p<0.05) than their brown (BSR and SRL) counterparts. The coat color of male adult Bali cattle was associated with their growth traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Heat shock protein plays an essential role in thermoregulatory during heat stress responses. This study aims to determine the association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) -69T>G in the promoter region of the heat shock protein 70 member 1A (HSPA1A) gene on heat tolerance in Bali cattle. One hundred and sixteen heads of Bali cattle were collected from different locations such as Pangyangan, Bali Island; Serading, Sumbawa Island; and Sembalun, Lombok Island. The SNP was analyzed by genotyping using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), which used BstUI enzyme restriction. Physiological responses including respiration rate (Rr), rectal temperature (Tr), heart rate (Hr), heat tolerance coefficient (HTC), and blood glucose level (Glu) were measured. Association analysis was conducted using a general linear model by setting genotype, altitude, and sex as factors. The SNP -69T>G variant of HSPA1A gene found in this study were wild type (TT) with 144 bp & 498 bp; GG with 144, 236, & 262 bp; and TG with 144, 236, 262, & 498 bp. Bali cattle with the GG genotype had lower (p<0.001) Rr and HTC compared to the other genotypes. It could be concluded that physiological performances were lower at high altitudes, and the SNP -69T>G HSPA1A was associated with the physiological performances of Bali cattle. SNP -69T>G of HSPA1A could be utilized for candidate marker-assisted selection of Bali cattle to improve the performance of heat tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Animal Production & Processing Technology / JurnalIlmu Produksi dan Teknologi Hasil Peternakan is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture is the property of Diponegoro University & Indonesian Society of Animal Agriculture, Faculty of Animal Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the Bali cattle genetic diversity and hybrid cattle using microsatellite markers. Blood samples (n=192) were collected from various cattle breed, i.e. Bali (n=96), Madura (n=48), and Peranakan Ongole (PO) Kebumen (n=48). The microsatellite locus used for assessing the genetic variation was INRA035, ILSTS006, ETH225, and HEL9, while the genetic profile was described using GenAlEX, Cervus, MEGA6, structure and R programs. As a result, 46 alleles were found at four microsatellite loci studied. The genetic diversity of Bali cattle from Bali island (Ho=0.337) and Nusa Penida island (Ho=0.375) were recorded lower than that of the hybrids, i.e. Madura (Ho=0.747) and PO Kebumen (Ho=0.567) cattle breeds. Specifically, we found 283 bp (locus ILSTS006), 194 bp (locus ETH225), 147 bp and 151 bp (locus HEL9) demonstrating the distinctive alleles for Bali cattle. Also, our experimental data showed that microsatellite markers used allowed us to produce an obvious differentiation of the cattle cluster between Bali cattle and the hybrids, which was meaningful for future cattle breeding program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is a soluble enzyme that converts cholesterol and lecithin to cholesteryl esters and lysolecithins on the surface of high density lipoprotein and plays an important role in lipoprotein metabolism. The research was aimed to explore single nucleotide polymorphisms of LCAT gene in Indonesian local sheep. A total of 118 genomic DNA of Indonesian local sheep were used in this research, consisted of Sumatera Thin Tail (43 heads), Garut (19 heads), Javanese Thin Tail (17 heads), Javanese Fat Tail (6 heads), Rote Island (7 heads), Kissar (7 heads), Sumbawa (10 heads), and Lembah Palu (9 heads). Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify genomic DNA for exon 6 (250 bp) and direct sequencing method was used to identify polymorphism sequences. The sequences were analyzed with BioEdit and MEGA 5.2 software. The BLAST sequence was obtained from Gene Bank GQ 150556.1. The results showed three novel SNPs, i.e. c.742C>T, c.770 T>A and c.882C>T. Substitution of cytosine to thymine c.742 is a synonymous mutation; thymine to adenine c.770 and cytosine to thymine c.882 are non-synonymous mutations. Polymorphisms of LCAT gene exon 6 was found in Sumatera Thin Tail, Javanese Thin Tail, Javanese Fat Tail, Garut, Lembah Palu, and Rote Island. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of this study were to identify the productivity and genetic diversity of local cattle in Ciamis West Java based on DNA microsatellite, in order to provide the basic information for its rearing, conservation and development. Eighteen of local cattle were kept for 58 days by feeding concentrates and rice straw. The measured parameters were weekly body weight as well as carcass percentage. The percentage of comparing carcass was taken from PO, Bali and crossbred cattle from local cattle with Limousin, Simmental, Brahman and Angus cattle. Data were analyzed using Excel software and SAS (2004). Blood samples were taken from two subpopulations i.e., 46 and 52 samples from Tambaksari and Cijulang areas, respectively. Other DNA samples were collected from Bali, PO, Limousin, Simental, Brahman and Angus cattle. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis were analyzed using 3 microsatellite loci, that were INRA35, HEL9 and BM2113. The genotyping data were analyzed using POPGENE.32 program, while phylogenetic trees were analyzed by MEGA 4. Average daily gain (ADG) of local cattle in Ciamis was 0.62±0.23 kg/head/day with a carcass percentage was 51.62±1.80%. The carcasses percentage of local cattle in Ciamis was not significantly different from those of Bali, PO, and crossbred cattle. The genetic diversity of local cattle in Ciamis was categorized in the medium level, the diversity of local cattle in Tambaksari subpopulation was higher than in Cijulang subpopulation. Local cattle in Ciamis had a closer genetic distance with the PO cattle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aims of this study were to obtain information on the mechanism of molting and the prolactin hormone levels affecting egg production. The study utilized AP (crossbred of Alabio ? with Peking ?) and PA (crossbred of Peking ? and Alabio ? ducks) with a total of 180 birds. The observed variables were the duration of cessation of egg production before and after molting, the prolactin hormone level in the period of molting, the egg production period before and after molting. The data was analyzed using ANOVA, regression and correlation. The results showed that AP crossbred had fewer molting (23.33%) compared to PA (50.00%). The mechanism of molting is always preceded by cessation of egg production, molting and relaying. The prolactin hormone concentrations of AP and PA in the period before and after molting were significantly higher than in the period of molting. At the egg production period before molting, the prolactin hormone concentration of AP ducks was higher than the PA ducks. So that the egg production of AP before molting (0-16 weeks) was higher than the PA. The egg production of AP was higher than PA, 256.66±6.00 vs 232.22±6.64 eggs for 48 weeks. So it can be concluded that the prolactin hormone affects the molting and egg production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The body weight records of 1221 heifers were used in this study collected from PT Taurus Dairy Farm Sukabumi from year 2001 until 2011. The records that could be used for analysis were 373 out of 1221 heifers, having completed data from birth to first mating period. Three different models i.e, Logistic, Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy were performed to analyze the growth rate of heifers. The results showed that the three models had different accuracy and heavily depend on age, environment and duration of recording. The body weights of sexual maturity and on certain ages were affected by the duration of recording. The Gompertz model was performed as the simpliest model in form of calculation. On the other hand, the Logistic was more difficult to calculate. All models indicated high accuracy with the determination coefficient (R2) more than 90%. Based on the comparison, the Gompertz and Logistic model are recommended for predicting the growth rate of heifers from birth to sexual maturity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bali cattle still represents 27% of the total cattle population in Indonesia, and it is considered the pillar breed for small farmers. Moreover, it is a breed of evolutionary importance regarding its direct ancestry from Banteng. However, there is a need for the establishment of a rational system for the evaluation of breeding soundness for indigenous Bali bulls to be used as sires for artificial insemination breeding programmes. Moreover, there is a need for cryobanking of well-identified genetic resources pertaining their use in evolutionary research and application as essential germplasm in breeding programmes., (© 2012 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.)

The present study reports the phenotypic variation of body weight and body size, the genetic variation of D-loop of mtDNA and microsatellite DNA allele in Aceh cattle in Indonesia within the frame of the design of a conservation programme for this indigenous species. Aceh cattle differ from Bali, Madura, Java-Ongole and Pesisir cattle, but its ancestry relates it closest to Pesisir, thus adding more information to its entry from the Indian sub-continent., (© 2012 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.)