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173 results on '"Noor, M. M."'

3. Emission Characteristics Effect on Rice Bran Oil Enriched with Diesel Fuel on Compression Ignition Engine

Author

Norhafana, M., Ihsan, C. K., Noor, M. M., Hairuddin, A. A., Kadirgama, K., Ramasamy, D., Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Editorial Board Member, Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, di Mare, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Editorial Board Member, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Kwon, Young W., Editorial Board Member, Trojanowska, Justyna, Editorial Board Member, Ismail, Muhammad Yusri, editor, Mohd Sani, Mohd Shahrir, editor, Kumarasamy, Sudhakar, editor, Hamidi, Mohd Adnin, editor, and Shaari, Mohd Shamil, editor

Published
2023
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6. Stress and Strain Analysis of the Traditional Boat Jaloe Kayoh Made of Composite Materials with Centered Loading Using the Finite Element Method

Author

Tamlicha, Akram, Rizal, Samsul, Hasanuddin, Iskandar, Pahlevi, Adhittya, Nazaruddin, Noor, M. M., Setiawan, Ichsan, Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Series Editor, Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Series Editor, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Kwon, Young W., Series Editor, Trojanowska, Justyna, Series Editor, di Mare, Francesca, Series Editor, and Akhyar, editor

Published
2021
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7. Analysis of Non-dimensional Numbers of Fluid Flowing Inside Tubes of Flat Plate Solar Collector

Author

Farhana, K., Kadirgama, K., Noor, M. M., Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Series Editor, Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Series Editor, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Kwon, Young W., Series Editor, Trojanowska, Justyna, Series Editor, Zakaria, Muhammad Aizzat, editor, Abdul Majeed, Anwar P. P., editor, and Hassan, Mohd Hasnun Arif, editor

Published
2021
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9. Design of NPID controller for nonlinear trajectory tracking of robotic 3D printer system manipulator.

Author

Saxena, Aditi, Sharma, Kamal, Kadirgama, K., Devarajan, R., and Noor, M. M.

Subjects
3-D printers, TIME delay systems, MANIPULATORS (Machinery), ROBOTICS, PID controllers, MANUFACTURING processes
Abstract

Model-based controllers must be created by modelling the system to be controlled. This is because, regardless of how well-tuned the controller's settings are based on this model, good control performance cannot be predicted without first picking the suitable model for the process. The vast majority of industrial processes are overdamped, time-delayed steady-state systems. Designing a non-linear controller has always been difficult for researchers and control professionals. The robotic manipulators have numerous inputs and outputs. A Nonlinear PID Controller has been designed in this paper. This controller combines the Proportional Integral and Derivative controllers, as well as a nonlinear factor that multiplies with the integral controller. After Simulink modelling the controller, it was discovered that its performance is superior to that of other current controllers, and that its application is ubiquitous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Comparative performance evaluation of PID and fuzzy PID controller using genetic algorithm for a robotic manipulator system.

Author

Saxena, Aditi, Sharma, Kamal, Kadirgama, K., Devarajan, R., and Noor, M. M.

Subjects
PID controllers, GENETIC algorithms, OPTIMIZATION algorithms, ERROR functions, MATHEMATICAL optimization, SIMULATED annealing, ADAPTIVE fuzzy control, ROBOTICS
Abstract

The robotic manipulator system has demonstrated its efficacy in a variety of fields. As a result, it is essential to design an efficient controller for managing the end position of a robotic arm. Due to the rising nonlinearity and complexity of robotic manipulator systems, a typical proportional-integral-derivative controller has proven ineffective. In recent years, intelligent techniques such as fuzzy logic, neural networks, and optimization algorithms have emerged as a potent tool for managing extremely complex nonlinear processes with uncertain dynamics. In this study, a PID Controller and a Fuzzy Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller with parameters generated by a Genetic Algorithm using Absolute Error Integral as the goal function are created. In this paper, simulated output results of plants controlled by a Fuzzy ProportionalIntegralDerivative controller are presented, and the superiority of the implemented controller is demonstrated through a comparison with a conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller using the Genetic Algorithm optimization technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Investigation on Thermophysical Properties of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Enhanced Salt Hydrate Phase Change Material.

Author

Rajamony, R. K., Samykano, M., Pandey, A. K., Babu, S. Ramesh, Noor, M. M., Ramasamy, D., Paw, J. K. Siaw, and Natarajan, S. K.

Subjects
MULTIWALLED carbon nanotubes, CARBON nanotubes, PHASE change materials, HEAT storage, THERMOPHYSICAL properties, FIELD emission electron microscopes, FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
Abstract

Thermal Energy Storage (TES) is a valuable tool for improving the energy efficiency of renewable energy conversion systems. One of the most effective methods for harnessing thermal energy from solar sources is through energy storage using phase change materials (PCMs). However, the thermal performance of PCMs is hindered by their low thermal conductivity. This research focuses on enhancing the thermal performance of salt hydrate PCM using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and surfactants. Through experimental investigations, a salt hydrate PCM with varying concentrations of MWCNTs (ranging from 0.1% to 0.9%) was prepared using a two-step technique and their thermophysical properties were thoroughly characterized. Various techniques such as field emission scanning electron microscope, thermal conductivity analyzer, ultraviolet-visible spectrum, thermogravimetric analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were utilized to study the effect of surfactant on the nanocomposites and examine their morphology, thermal conductivity, optical properties, thermal stability, and chemical stability. The results indicated that the inclusion of MWCNTs with salt hydrate significantly improved the thermal conductivity by 68.09% at a concentration of 0.7 wt %, compared to pure salt hydrate. However, this enhancement in thermal performance was accompanied by a reduction in optical transmittance in the developed nanocomposite PCM. Additionally, the formulated nanocomposite demonstrated excellent thermal and chemical stability up to temperatures as high as 468 °C. As a result, this nanocomposite shows great promise as a potential candidate for solar TES applications, offering favourable characteristics for efficient energy storage from solar sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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18. Methods of preparing internal combustion engine cylinder bore surfaces for frictional improvement

Author

Chung Hwa Kong, Ramasamy D., Kadirgama K., Noor M. M., Rahman M. M., and Samykano M.

Subjects
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

Frictional losses piston to cylinder bore contact is a major sources of mechanical losses in an internal combustion engine (ICE). Traditional plateau honing produces a relatively rough cylinder bore surface with many valleys for oil retention and plateau surfaces that are usually has micro roughness's that causes mechanical friction to act as a bearing surface. A smooth polished dimpled surface is more ideal to achieve low friction and wear in an ICE. Alternative methods to create a smooth dimpled surface on a hypereutectic aluminum ADC12 substrate for frictional improvements are evaluated in this study using an oscillating wear tester (OWT). The methods include casting in the dimples in the aluminum matrix, sandblasting as well as embossing the pits. The texture samples are evaluated by examining the surface properties, measuring frictional coefficient as well as wear characteristics. It was found that the samples embossed with #320 grit sandpaper and sandblasted with #240 sieve sand samples had a reduced coefficient of friction (μ) of 23% at low sliding speeds before hydrodynamic lubrication mode and 6.9% in the fully hydrodynamic lubrication region.

Published
2017
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19. Transient modelling of heat loading of phase change material for energy storage

Author

Asyraf W.M., Vasu Anusuiah, Hagos Ftwi Y., Noor M. M., and Mamat Rizalman

Subjects
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

As the development of solar energy is getting advance from time to time, the concentration solar technology also get the similar attention from the researchers all around the globe. This technology concentrate a large amount of energy into main spot. To collect all the available energy harvest from the solar panel, a thermal energy storage is required to convert the heat energy to one of the purpose such as electrical energy. With the idea of energy storage application that can be narrow down to commercial application such as cooking stove. Using latent heat type energy storage seem to be appropriate with the usage of phase change material (PCM) that can release and absorb heat energy at nearly constant temperature by changing its state. Sodium nitrate (NaNO3) and potassium nitrate (KNO3) was selected to use as PCM in this project. This paper focus on the heat loading process and the melting process of the PCM in the energy storage using a computer simulation. The model of the energy storage was created as solid three dimensional modelling using computer aided software and the geometry size of it depend on how much it can apply to boil 1 kg of water in cooking application. The materials used in the tank, heat exchanger and the heat transfer fluid are stainless steel, copper and XCELTHERM MK1, respectively. The analysis was performed using a commercial simulation software in a transient state. The simulation run on different value of velocity but kept controlled under laminar state only, then the relationship of velocity and heat distribution was studied and the melting process of the PCM also has been analyzed. On the effect of heat transfer fluid velocity, the higher the velocity resulted in higher the rate of heat transfer. The comparison between the melting percentages of the PCMs under test conditions show that NaNO3 melts quite faster than KNO3.

Published
2017
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28. Titanium oxide with nanocoolant for heat exchanger application

Author

A. Kottasamy, Noor M. M., Kadirgama K., Annamalai Keeran, Ramasamy D., Rahman M. M., K. Mohanesan, and Hanipah Mohd Razali

Subjects
Materials science, 020209 energy, Mechanical Engineering, Nanofluids in solar collectors, Metallurgy, Computational Mechanics, Oxide, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, Heat transfer coefficient, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Titanium oxide, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fuel Technology, Vegetable oil, Thermal conductivity, Nanofluid, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Heat transfer, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
Abstract

The objective of this paper is to investigate the properties of oil-based nanofluids and produce stable and biodegradable oil-based nanofluids by metal oxide nanoparticles. The cooking oil was used as a base for the nanofluid preparation. Titanium oxide was embedded as the nanoparticles, mixed with cooking oil volume concentration of nanofluids specimens, and labelled as 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, and 0.09. The study explained the analysis techniques applied to determine the enhancement of thermal properties of nanofluids. The thermal conductivity of nanofluids was studied by heat transfer rate and the overall heat transfer coefficient gained. The metal oxide nanomaterials were mixed with the oil-based fluids in order to prepare the specimens. This research focused on the usage of vegetable oil and titanium oxide nanoparticles mixture to form nanofluids. The results obtained indicated that the nanofluid gave better thermal conductivity than oil-based fluids. The results significantly increased the thermal properties limitation and improved the product reliability. The enhancement of heat transfer rate for 0.09% of nanofluid volume concentration was increased by 36.25%

Published
2017

29. Investigation of thermal-hydraulic performance in flat tube heat exchangers at various tube inclination angles

Author

Noor M. M., Alias Azri, Oumer A. N., Ishak M., and Adam A. Y.

Subjects
Pressure drop, Materials science, 020209 energy, Mechanical Engineering, Drop (liquid), Reynolds number, 02 engineering and technology, Heat transfer coefficient, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Nusselt number, Thermal hydraulics, symbols.namesake, Automotive Engineering, Heat transfer, Heat exchanger, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, symbols, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

The performance of compact fin-and-flat tube heat exchangers (HE) can be affected by many geometrical and processing factors and one of them is tube inclination angle. However, the effect of flat tube inclination angle on the thermal-hydraulic performance of the HE is not fully examined. This paper investigates the effects of flat tube inclination angles on heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of fined flat tube HE when the tubes are deployed in in-line and staggered arrangements. A symmetric numerical method based on FLUENT software was carried out with six different tube inclination angles (0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 150°) in moderately high Reynolds number. From the results, it was observed that heat transfer coefficient increased with the augmentation of the tube inclination angle from 0o to 90o and decreased for 120o and 150o. With the increase of tube inclination angle, the average Nusselt number rose by 36.3%. This might be due to the reason that the tube surface area increases with the inclination angle, which also results in the largest increment of the pressure drop by 42.0%. Overall, the 90o tube inclination angle showed the highest enhancement in heat transfer for both inline and staggered configurations with a maximum enhancement of 41.2% for in-line and 32.2% for staggered arrangements. However, the heat transfer enhancements were accompanied by high-pressure drop penalties of up to 44.2% and 42.6% for in-line and staggered arrangements, respectively. Therefore, inclining the tubes at 90o is recommended where high heat transfer is required. On the other hand, 0o tube inclination angle is recommended where pumping power is a crucial issue.

Published
2017

30. Hybrid electric vehicle car body drag analysis using computational fluid dynamics

Author

Rahman M. M., Ramasamy D., Noor M. M., K. Mohanesan, and Kadirgama K.

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Drag coefficient, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Flow (psychology), 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, Aerodynamics, Computational fluid dynamics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Boundary layer, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Drag, 0103 physical sciences, Automotive Engineering, Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines, business, Geology, Wind tunnel
Abstract

Aerodynamics drag was considered for giving better efficiency for a car on the road. The development of drag on a vehicle body was studied. The main objective was to determine the maximum drag occurring on the car body drag of the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). The analysis was conducted on the car speed ranging between 40 km/h to 110 km/h using pressure points at various parts of the car. The car body was modelled in CAD using the mass and momentum equations discretized for an analysis. The technique to estimate the drag used was input of car body-drag (CFD) and exporting it to finite element analysis (FEA) to find the value of aerodynamics drag in terms of drag forces and drag coefficient. The values were validated with actual pressure reading from pressure probes on the car body. The result showed that contour and trajectories plots were also used to analyse the characteristics of streamlines flow or boundary layer occurred on the body of this model, especially for the forebody, upper body and rear body. The maximum rise of aerodynamics drag occurred between velocities of 80 km/h and 90 km/h which was about 5.04 % increase of drag coefficient. Further analysis is required with wind tunnels.

Published
2017

31. Heat transfer enhancement using hybrid nanoparticles in ethylene glycol through a horizontal heated tube

Author

Ramasamy D., Rahman M. M., Noor M. M., Kadirgama K., and Hussein Adnan Mohammed

Subjects
Materials science, Aluminium nitride, 020209 energy, Mechanical Engineering, Heat transfer enhancement, 02 engineering and technology, Nitride, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nanofluid, Heat flux, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Automotive Engineering, Heat transfer, Volume fraction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Ethylene glycol
Abstract

Heating hybrid nanofluids by the mixing of solid nanoparticles suspended in liquid represents a new class of heat transfer enhancement. To enhance heat transfer for many industrial applications, a computational fluid dynamics modelling simulation using the finite volume method and adopting the SIMPLE algorithm was performed. The mixture of aluminium nitride nanoparticles into ethylene glycol which acts as a base fluid is considered as a new concept of hybrid nanofluids that can increase heat transfer. The hybrid nanofluid was prepared experimentally with a volume fraction range of 1% to 4%. The size diameter of nanoparticles, heat flux around a horizontal straight tube, and Reynolds number is approximately 30 nm, 5000 w/m2 and 5,000 to 17,000, respectively. The computational method had been successfully validated using available experimental data reported in the literature. It was found that 1% to 3% Aluminum nitride hybrid nanofluids can significantly affect efficiency, while more than 3% volume fraction are insignificant as they obtain less than one efficiency. Results show that a combination of aluminium nitride nanoparticles with the EG base fluid tends to augment heat transfer performance significantly.

Published
2017

32. Nano Gas Bubbles Dissolve in Gasoline Fuel and Its Influence on Engine Combustion Performance

Author

Sharif, P. M., Aziz, Hairuddin, A., As'Arry, A., Rezali, K. A. M., Noor, M. M., Norhafana, M., Shareef, S. M., Sharif, P. M., Aziz, Hairuddin, A., As'Arry, A., Rezali, K. A. M., Noor, M. M., Norhafana, M., and Shareef, S. M.

Abstract

Nowadays, the issues of air pollution and global warming have become serious as the atmosphere contaminated with harmful gases from human daily life use of vehicles and industrial manufacturing process, leading to global warming and greenhouse effect. These had emphasised the need for better engines with higher performance and less emission level towards non-harmful and friendly environmental vehicle axillary. There are various techniques and methods used for such purposes. For instance, the nano gas dissolve technique can be used for fuel enhancement through a better combustion reaction by adding more oxidant gases molecular into combustion reaction. Dissolved gases can improve engine combustion performance for reducing the levels of harmful gas emission. The property of small nano particles helps to join or mix or transport interfacial within large molecules of fuels to mix up together and form new combination, introducing different chemical properties. Thus, this paper introduces a pre-design concept for fuel enhancement technique by dissolving nano gases such as air or oxygen into the gasoline fuel, taking advantage of hammer shock phenomena in fluid flow. It presents a case study for understanding combustion influence through use of gas dissolve technique with theoretical calculation validating the condition. The validating results obtained from the theoretical calculation and chemical theoretical results reactions theoretically expressed significant development in combustion mixture. Such technology can provide better fuel improvement for future recommended work by direct integration of the nano bubble generator hardware mobile size device on the fuel supply line. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Published
2019

33. International regulation of vehicle emissions control rules and its influence on academic engine development experimental study and vehicle manufacturing

Author

Sharif, P. M., Aziz, Hairuddin, A., As'Arry, A., Rezali, K. A. M., Noor, M. M., Norhafana, M., Mossa, M. A. A., Shareef, S. M., Sharif, P. M., Aziz, Hairuddin, A., As'Arry, A., Rezali, K. A. M., Noor, M. M., Norhafana, M., Mossa, M. A. A., and Shareef, S. M.

Abstract

In this century, global on-road passenger vehicles raised rapidly with concerns regarding of air pollutions, greenhouse, climate change, economical and human life safety. However, what are the new vehicles emission standards implementation regulation involved? How can new emission regulation impact vehicle performance and environment pollution reductions? What is (Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedure - WLTP)? How can (WLTP) regulation promote improvement to vehicle quality in reduction of emission to lower level possible and add more performance to the vehicles for open market? What is the real-world on-road (Real world Drive Emission- RDE) test new emission regulation and its demand? Why vehicle manufactures should present both emission level of laboratorial engine emission level and vehicle (RDE) emission level in EU? Presenting an accurate vehicle pollutant determination due to new EU regulation procedure of (WLTP) will help the consumer identifying the regulation cost fee and tax in registration the vehicle. Methodology based on comparative EU regulation assessment and (WLTP) regulation vehicle emission control technologies assessment. The paper focus on viewing, the potential of pollution regulation (WLTP) for vehicle emissions reductions. Provide an outline of the status of the EU vehicle pollution emission regulations information and identify priorities options and recommendations to the introduction of the (WLTP). Offering information gridline data for researchers in future study for the strict pollution regulation adopted by European countries and its impact on future academic study of vehicle emission experimental process in non-applicable countries, contribute the procedure process of (RDE) emission implementation test within (WLTP) to be familiar by researchers for future intended joining the regulation. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Published
2019

34. Development of evaporative intercooler heat exchanger for vehicle charge air enhancement using CFD simulation

Author

Sharif, P. M., Aziz, Hairuddin, A., As’arry, A., Md. , Rezali, K. A., Noor, M. M., Shareef, S. M., Sharif, P. M., Aziz, Hairuddin, A., As’arry, A., Md. , Rezali, K. A., Noor, M. M., and Shareef, S. M.

Abstract

Nowadays, the concern of vehicle manufacturers towards improving engine performance, reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions that can cause the pollution of the atmosphere, concerns of strict emission pollution control regulations. Intercooler heat exchanger devices are used for engine charge air temperature improving for engine performance and emissions reduction. This paper introduces a new add-on technology of intercooler heat exchanger- (IHE) developed for utilizing in intake charge air density enhancement in engine combustion for better performance. Presenting a challenge in contributing a framework process for geometry designing development procedure for accurate and reliable scale design size of an air-vapour gas shell-and-tube IHE type, used refrigerant coolant medium. The process presents effective IHE in design time consumption, accurate in scale with higher performance and reliability operation in all environment weather due to reversibility system. A selected design geometry of 60 bunches of tubes with 7.53 mm inner diameter and 150 mm long placed. Effectiveness and design parameter geometry calculation are conditions of the IHE dependent relations of the shell size to tube length in condition of engine space availability control. Pressure drop and cooling capacity of IHE configuration design are proportional to the availability of design space or pressure drop control by the engine. Numerical and simulation results expressed a significant ability of IHE of 2–13 kW cooling load and process applicability for qualified design geometry configuration for selected IHE type. The developments present significant geometry flexibility design with the ability of cooling load or heating effect if reversible system, which offered multipurpose use in widely all vehicle types. © Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia.

Published
2019

35. Numerical investigation of in-cylinder flow characteristics of hydrogen-fuelled internal combustion engine

Author

Rahman M. M., Noor M. M., Khalaf I. Hamada, Kadirgama K., and Ramasamy D.

Subjects
Volumetric efficiency, Engineering, Hydrogen, business.industry, 020209 energy, Mechanical Engineering, Homogeneous charge compression ignition, Computational Mechanics, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Mechanical engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, Computational fluid dynamics, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Fuel Technology, Integrated engine pressure ratio, chemistry, Internal combustion engine, Mechanics of Materials, Compression ratio, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Combustion chamber, business
Abstract

This paper addresses the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to investigate the in-cylinder flow characteristics of 2D combustion chamber for a hydrogen-fuelled four-stroke internal combustion engine. CFD simulation has been carried out using commercial CFD codes. The engine speed was varied from 1000 to 3000 rpm, the range of equivalent ratio from 0.6 to 1.0 and the crank angle from 0 to 720 degrees in this study. The effect of the engine speed and equivalence ratio on the flow-field characteristics and volumetric efficiency are investigated in the motoring condition. The increase of engine speed gives a more efficient diffusion process for hydrogen and gives a more homogeneous air–fuel mixture structure. The characteristics of the flow-field are represented by the in-cylinder pressure and temperature distribution as well as the contours of the hydrogen mass fraction for different engine speeds. The acquired results show the maximum in-cylinder temperature and pressure obtained of 650 K and 1.143 MPa at the engine speed of 3000 rpm respectively. It can be seen that the engine speed and equivalence ratio are strongly related to the volumetric efficiency. The results show that the volumetric efficiency increases linearly with increase of the engine speed, but decreases with increase of the equivalence ratio. The results obtained from the simulation can be employed to examine the homogeneity of the air–fuel mixture structure for a better combustion process and engine performance.

Published
2016

47. An Experimental Investigation On The Combustion And Performance Of An HCCI-DI Engine.

Author

Tobib, Hasyuzariza M., Hairuddin, A. Aziz, Aziz, Nuraini Abdul, Noor, M. M., Zulkiple, J., and Mossa, Muntasser A. A.

Subjects
DIESEL motor combustion, PERFORMANCE of diesel motors, FUEL injection systems in automobiles, COMBUSTION chambers, AIR-fuel ratio (Combustion)
Abstract

Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine is a relatively new mode of combustion and have challenges that need to be solved before it can be commercially used. Among the challenges are knocking, limited operating load and difficult to control of ignition timing. A combination of HCCI with direct injection (DI), which is called HCCI-DI in this study may help improve the engine combustion and performance. The aim of this study is to investigate a fundamental effect of an engine operating in an HCCI-DI mood. A single-cylinder compression ignition (CI) engine was modified by installing port fuel injection (PFI) in the intake manifold, where the engine can simultaneously run on DI and PFI. The fuel used in the study was a commercial grade EURO 5 Diesel. Based on the findings, the effect of PFI yields a high peak in-cylinder pressure. PFI enables the air-fuel mixture to enter the combustion chamber at a premixed condition and thus, enhances the combustion behaviour. The in-cylinder peak pressure rises as pulsewidth increased. Also, by decreasing the lambda (λ) results in a higher in-cylinder peak pressure and combustion is advanced with respect to crank angle. When the λ is rich, the heat release rate shows more energy is released at a higher amount of pulsewidth. For a higher pulsewidth, the brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) and brake power (BP), are decreasing, while fuel consumption slightly increases. The study reveals that there are optimal pulsewidth and λ to be used for a stable HCCI-DI engine operation, so that the combustion and engine performance can be fully utilised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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