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The aim of this study to analyses the investor sentiment, attentions and types of risk which are incurred after specific event like scam etc. This study used monthly dataset of prices from 2006 to 2022 due to availability of data. The event approach is used for data analysis with different data segregation like affected or unaffected datasets of firms. Firm-specific sentiment and attention increased slightly after the scam, indicating market interest and better firm perceptions. Political, noise trader, arbitrage, sovereign, and realised volatility increased during events. The perception of instability and uncertainty suggests scams increase market fears and risk aversion while attracting attention. A detailed comparison between scammed and unaffected firms showed stark differences. Financial scams lowered market confidence and firm stability, causing negative sentiment, lower attention, and higher risks across multiple dimensions. The differential impact suggests that scams' reputational and operational damage can cripple a firm's finances and investor perceptions. The study affects financial economics and market behaviour theory. The study shows how firm-specific sentiment and attention affect risk measures, explaining market dynamics' psychological and behavioural underpinnings. Financial anomalies like scams affect market outcomes due to investor sentiment and attention. Sentiment can force through risk perceptions, so integrated financial analysis models must account for behavioural and psychological factors. Financial scandals affect firm-specific and market-wide variables, according to event studies. With the insights, investors, regulators, and corporate managers can improve market and regulatory practices. This study examines how financial scams affect firm-specific and market-wide variables using theory and practice during and after event.

This study aims to examine the relationship between work conflict and family conflict against stress among civil servants at the South Klang District Police Headquarters, Selangor, Malaysia. The survey questions used were Perceived Stress Scale -10 (PSS-10) andWork-Family Conflict. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative relationship between work conflict and family conflict with stress. This study has confirmed that work conflicts and family conflicts can influence stress among respondents coinciding with the results of a significant relationship between work conflicts and family conflicts with stress. The results of the study also found significant differences between work conflicts on gender, work conflicts and stress on income. Meanwhile, the family conflict shows a significant difference in the total number of children. Based on the findings of the study, researchers have discussed some suggestions for future research.

Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games or MMORPG is a real-time game that requires a strong internet connection and interaction with millions of players. Youths use MMORPG for leisure, stress relief, or to escape their lonely lives by interacting with people in a virtual world. This systematic literature review aimed to study the negative impact of MMORPG addiction among Malaysian youths. Systematic searches of Scopus, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Dimension database were conducted according to PRISMA guidelines which resulted in more than 13,000 articles, of which seven journal articles met the inclusion criteria. This study identifies negative impacts of MMORPG addiction among Malaysian youths such as psychological distress, depression, poor time management and reducing sense of empathy. We discuss and categorise the findings into two sub-themes: (1) Proactive Action Effects (PAE) and (2) Reactive Action Effects (RAE). We also suggest that each negative impact causes a short- or long-term effect which provides an in-depth understanding of the prediction of aggressive behaviour. This study ends with recommendations for future research.

Any purulent discharge from a closed surgical incision, after surgery, together with signs of inflammation of the surrounding tissue should be considered as Post operative (post-op) wound infection. There are two types of wounds in elective laparotomy: clean and contaminated wound Objective:  To find out most causative microorganism involved in post-op wound infection in elective laparotomy cases at the Children Hospital and The Institute of Child Health Sciences, Lahore Pakistan. Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted on patients who developed wound infection after elective laparotomy. This study was conducted in the surgical Units I and II of Children Hospital Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. The duration of the study was 11 months from January 2019 to November 2019. 150 patients were included in this study. Data was collected by convenient sampling technique. It was a hospital-based study in which patients from both genders were included. Data was obtained by a questionnaire. Patients were asked for wound condition and surgery details were taken to find out the reasons of wound infection. The data selected was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: Out of total 150 patients who underwent elective laparotomy, 40% patients were identified with Escherichia Coli, 13.3% patients identified with Pseudomonas species, 13.3% patients had klebsiella, 6.7% patients had Pseudomonas Florescence, 6.7% people had Acinetobacter, 6.7% had Staphylococcus aureus, 13.3% did not show any growth. Conclusions: It was concluded that most abundant microorganism isolated from patients who underwent elective laparotomy was Escherichia coli. The most common reasons for wound infection were increase in number of surgeons and increase in duration of illness.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to analyze the first hand data regarding intimacies between government entities and government audit institution of Pakistan, to see its impact on the quality. Design/Methodology/Approach: Qualitative research design is used to explore the concept base on theoretical saturation technique. Findings: The results revealed by default presence of social ties among interactive agents. It further explores indirect relationship between audit quality and social interactions in the presence of petty corruption due to familiarity, unwarranted mutual trust and favoritism however this relationship is shifted toward direct relationship in the presence of material corruption due to fear of losing good reputation, loss of job, fear of departmental inquiry, threat of floating your weaknesses before your rival clique. Implications/Originality/Value: The results presented in this paper should therefore be of great interest to government, regulators and standard-setters charged with developing accounting standards to improve the audit quality of reporting information related to existing government auditing setup.

This study aims to determine the stock selection ability and market timing ability of mutual fund managers, focusing on conventional funds and Islamic funds in Pakistan.  Although there has been significant growth in the number and assets of mutual funds in recent years, few studies measure the performance of mutual funds managers. The scarcity of existing literature motivates this study. In this study, two models are used to measure the stock selection and market timing on a sample of conventional mutual funds and Islamic mutual funds over 2010 and 2019 using annual returns. Overall, the results indicate that the performance study of conventional mutual funds and Islamic mutual funds indicates that manager performance is not superior in all three portfolios, i.e., conventional funds, Islamic funds, and overall funds in over sample period. This also indicates that both Conventional and Islamic fund managers do not outperform the market (KSE 100 index). Thus, there is a lack of market timing ability. Using Tranoy and mazuy and Jansen models found a lack of stock selection and market timing ability of mutual fund managers in Pakistani mutual funds. In this study, I have applied only two models to examine both the timing and selection ability of conventional and Islamic Pakistani equity funds. For future possibilities, the study suggests adopting several methods and approaches like the TMFF3 model and HM-FF3 model, making the study more comprehensive and accurate than this research.

A total of 400 student with disciplinary problem aged 13 to 18 years old from eight secondary schools in the state of Selangor were chosen using multi-stage cluster sampling. A set of questionnaires which are consists of social demographic background, family Relationship Characteristics scale, Peer Deviancy Scale, Self-concept scale and Aggression Scale were used to collect the data. Findings revealed that majority of respondents show the moderate level of self-concept, family relationship, and aggressive behavior and low level of deviant peer socialization. The results of t-test showed that there were significant differences in family beliefs, family structure and deviant peers socialization based on gender and age. There were significant differences in aggressive behavior based on gender, while self-concept has significant differences based on age. Findings also indicated that family relationship, self-concept, deviant peer socialization have a significant relationship with the aggressive behavior. The multiple regression analysis showed that sex, deviant peer socialization, family structure and self-concept have significantly predicted aggressive behavior and socialization of deviant peers was the most important predictor, followed by family structure, self-concept, and sex. The results of this study have important implications for those involved in school and adolescents’ systems.

The aim of the present study is to determine the level of self-concept, school culture and school climate among students in Selangor. This study involved 400 adolescents aged 14 and 16 years old from eight secondary schools in the state of Selangor. Respondents were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires through a self-administered procedure which are consists of social demographic background, school climate and school culture (Inventory of Parents and Peer Attachment (IPPA), Questions of Teacher’s Interaction (QTI),School Self-Review Tools (SSRT), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social SupportZimet) and self-concept (Self Concept—Individual Protective Factors Index). Overall, the level of self-concept, school culture and school climate are moderate among students in Selangor. The awareness of the influence and impact of self-concept, school culture and school climate involved in the adolescent development system is imperative. As a conclusion, adolescents' involvement in various self-development programs preventing them from engaging in delinquency activities thus safeguarding students’ psychosocial well-being. Suggested recommendations were discussed for future research of the present study.