1. A comprehensive health effects assessment of the use of sanitizers and disinfectants during COVID-19 pandemic: a global survey
- Author
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Fallah Hashemi, Lori Hoepner, FARAHNAZ Soleimani Hamidinejad, Daniela Haluza, Sima Afrashteh, Alireza Abbasi, Elma Omeragić, Belma Imamović, Narin A. Rasheed, Taqi Mohammed Jwad Taher, Fitri Kurniasari, Dhuha Youssef Wazqar, Özge Ceren Apalı, Ayca Demir Yildirim, Bo Zhao, Zaruhi Kalikyan, Cui Guo, Andrea Chong Valbuena, Magdalena Mititelu, Carolina Martínez Pando, Maria Saridi, Aikaterini Toska, Magalys Lopez Cuba, Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui, Niguse Tadele, Tohfa Nasibova, Stefanie Harsch, Luvsan Munkh-Erdene, Wafaa Menawi, Efi Evangelou, Antoniya Dimova, Dimitar Marinov, Teodora Dimitrova, Anna Shalimova, Howieda Fouly, Anna Suraya, Juliana Pereira da Silva Faquim, Bouadil Oumayma, Maria Antonieta Annunziato, Rezarta Lalo, Evridiki Papastavrou, Anju D. Ade, Susanna Caminada, Svetlana Stojkov, Carmen Gloria Narvaez, lutendo Sylvia Mudau, Ines Rassas, Daphnee Michel, Nur Sema Kaynar, Sehar Iqbal, Halla Elshwekh, Irin Hossain, Sadeq AL-Fayyadh, Aniuta Sydorchuk, Dua’a Mohammad Hasan Alnusairat, Asli Mohamed Abdullahi, Neelam Iqbal, Apsara Pandey, Brenda Gómez-Gómez, Aysenur Gunaydin Akyildiz, Elena Morosan, Daniella Dwarica, Gantuya Dorj, Sumaya Yusuf Hasan, Noha M. Alshdefat, Bojana Knezevic, Wendy Valladares, Cecilia Severi, Sofia Cuba Fuentes, Sofia Augusto, Elizaveta Sidorova, Anita Dewi Moelyaningrum, Tafaul Alawad, Atiqa Khalid, Elehamer Nafisa Mhna Kmbo, Anna Mihaylova, Oxana Tsigengagel, Aziza Menouni, Agnieszka Wojtecka, Rozita Hod, Yusuf Banke Idayat, khadija Othman, Rim M. Harfouch, Tsonco Paunov, Meruyert Omar, Nana Christine Benderli, Globila Nurika, Sana Amjad, Salma Elnoamany, Fatma Elesrigy, Marwa Mamdouh Shaban, Doménica Acevedo-López, Maria Kartashova, Atika Khalaf, Sabah Abdullah Jaafar, Taisir A. Kadhim, Nada Ab. Hweissa, Yulong Teng, Fatima Elbasri Abuelgasim Mohammed Yagoub, Thayahlini Sasikumar, Christabel Nangandu Hikaambo, Aditi Kharat, ulyana Lyamtseva, Maya Arfan Aldeeb, Natalia Pawlas, Lkhagvasuren Khorolsuren, Roopeshwaree Pallavi Koonjul, Halima Boubacar Maïnassara, Priyanka Chahal, Rose W Wangeci, Ainur B. Kumar, Irina Zamora-Corrales, Stella Gracy, Maimouna Mahamat, Jakub Adamczyk, Haliza Abdul Rahman, Lolita Matiashova, Omneya Ezzat Elsherif, Nazdar Ezzaddin Rasheed Alkhateeb, Yamilé Aleaga, Shima Bahrami, Shaimaa Rahem Al-salihy, Paula Cabrera-Galeana, Mladena Lalic-Popovic, Eugenie Brown-Myrie, Divya Bhandari, Cinderella Akbar Mayaboti, Svetlana Stanišić, Sanda Kreitmayer Pestic, Muhammed Yunus Bektay, Haleama Al Sabbah, Saber Hashemi, Bouchetara Assia, Anne-Sophie Merritt, Zhian Ramzi, Himawatee Baboolal, Juman Isstaif, Rula Shami, Rahma Saad, Temwanani Nyirongo, Mohammad Hoseini, and BEKTAY, MUHAMMED YUNUS
- Subjects
Desinfectantes ,Sanitizers and disinfectants ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Environmental Chemistry ,COVID-19 ,Efectos Colaterales y Reacciones Adversas Relacionados con Medicamentos ,General Medicine ,Health protocols ,Side effects ,Protocolos Clínicos ,Pollution - Abstract
COVID-19 has affected all aspects of human life so far. From the outset of the pandemic, preventing the spread of COVID-19 through the observance of health protocols, especially the use of sanitizers and disinfectants was given more attention. Despite the effectiveness of disinfection chemicals in controlling and preventing COVID-19, there are critical concerns about their adverse effects on human health. This study aims to assess the health effects of sanitizers and disinfectants on a global scale. A total of 91,056 participants from 154 countries participated in this cross-sectional study. Information on the use of sanitizers and disinfectants and health was collected using an electronic questionnaire, which was translated into 26 languages via web-based platforms. The findings of this study suggest that detergents, alcohol-based substances, and chlorinated compounds emerged as the most prevalent chemical agents compared to other sanitizers and disinfectants examined. Most frequently reported health issues include skin effects and respiratory effects. The Chi-square test showed a significant association between chlorinated compounds (sodium hypochlorite and per-chlorine) with all possible health effects under investigation (p-value
- Published
- 2023