Search

The role of yes‑associated protein (YAP) in human prostate cancer DU145 cells and its underlying molecular mechanisms were explored in the present study. Initially, the expression levels of YAP were detected in DU145 cells, which revealed that YAP was highly expressed in these cells. To investigate the role of YAP in DU145 cells, a stable YAP‑silenced DU145 cell line was generated using YAP‑small interfering RNA. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed for mRNA and protein detection, respectively. An MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to investigate the proliferation and apoptosis of DU145 cells. The results demonstrated that YAP knockdown significantly decreased the proliferative ability of DU145 cells, whereas the percentage of apoptotic cells was markedly increased, compared with the control. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of connective tissue growth factor and cysteine‑rich angiogenic factor 61 were notably decreased, the ratio of B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2)/Bcl‑2‑associated X protein (Bax) was significantly reduced, and the expression levels of caspase 3 were significantly decreased within YAP‑silenced DU145 cells. In conclusion, YAP knockdown reduced the proliferation and induced apoptosis of DU145 cells. Therefore, the gene transcription and protein expression of YAP may be involved in the development of prostate cancer and may be considered a potential target for the treatment of such cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to explore the association between the parameters of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), including fractional anisotropy (FA) values, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and the diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) map, with the Gleason score of prostate cancer (PCa). A retrospective study of 50 cases of PCa confirmed by biopsy or surgical pathology was performed. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging and DTI scans were conducted in these cases. The 50 cases of PCa were divided into three groups, including low, intermediate and high grade, according to the Gleason score. Post-DTI processing was performed using Neuro 3D software, in order to measure the FA and ADC values, and map the prostate fibers. Differences in FA and ADC values among the various PCa groups were examined using analysis of variance, while the correlation of FA and ADC values with the Gleason score was studied using Pearson correlation analysis. The obtained DTT map clearly demonstrated the spatial structure of the prostate fibers. The fibers of the cancer area were dense without interruption in the low-grade group, sparse and disordered in the intermediate-grade group, and were disordered, sparse or even absent in the high-grade group. The FA values were 0.284±0.313, 0.293±0.347 and 0.369±0.347, respectively, with statistically significant differences observed among the three groups (F=234.533; P<0.05) and between each group (P<0.05). In addition, the FA value of PCa was positively correlated with the Gleason score (r=0.884; P<0.05). The ADC values of the low-, intermediate- and high-grade groups were 1.070±0.072x10-3, 0.961±0.081x10-3 and 0.821±0.048x10-3, respectively, which demonstrated statistically significant differences among the three groups (F=49.987; P<0.05) and between each group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the ADC values of PCa were negatively correlated with Gleason score (r=-0.810; P<0.05). In conclusion, there was an association between DTI parameters and Gleason score, which may be used to evaluate the grading and prognosis of PCa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel phosphrous–nitrogen-containing flame retardants (3) and (4) were successfully synthesized from two steps: condensation reaction between 4-aminopenol and 1,4-phthaladehyde (or 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde) and addition reaction between the above condensation compounds and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide. The structures of (3) and (4) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectroscopy methods. The results show that (3) and (4) can serve as co-curing agents of diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) for the curing reaction of epoxy resin. The epoxy thermosets-containing DDM and (3) or (4) exhibit moderate changes in glass transition temperature, thermal stability, and show improvement in flame retardancy: UL94 V-0 grade can be obtained when phosphorus content of the epoxy thermoset is only 1.0%; the limiting oxygen index of epoxy resin system containing (4) reaches 40.9 when phosphorus content is up to 1.5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been proven that NEAT1 as a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is highly expressed in bladder cancer (BC). Nevertheless, the oncogenic roles of NEAT1 in BC remain largely unknown. In the present study, we observed that the RNA level of NEAT1.1, one RNA variant of NEAT1, was reduced in cisplatin-sensitive T24 cells compared to cisplatin-resistant T24 (T24R) cells after both treated with cisplatin modulated through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway using RNA-seq. Furthermore, NEAT1.1 was knocked down within T24R cells and caused a phenotype of the compromised cell growth, invasion and enhanced apoptosis upon cisplatin treatment compared to untreated T24R cells. Finally, c-MYC, OCT4 and p53 were determined to contribute to the transcriptional regulation of NEAT1.1 under cisplatin using ChIP assay. Taken together, our results suggest that NEAT1.1 blocking can promote the effect of cisplatin for BC treatment., Competing Interests: None., (IJCEP Copyright © 2019.)