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912 results on '"Nir, Y"'

1. Extending the blended generalized extreme value distribution

Author

Krakauer, Nir Y.

Subjects
Statistics - Applications, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

The generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution is commonly employed to help estimate the likelihood of extreme events in many geophysical and other application areas. The recently proposed blended generalized extreme value (bGEV) distribution modifies the GEV with positive shape parameter to avoid a hard lower bound that complicates fitting and inference. Here, the bGEV is extended to the GEV with negative shape parameter, avoiding a hard upper bound that is unrealistic in many applications. This extended bGEV is shown to improve on the GEV for forecasting heat and sea level extremes based on past data. Software implementing this bGEV and applying it to the example temperature and sea level data is provided.

Published
2024

4. Statistical Analysis for the Detection of Change Points and the Evaluation of Monthly Mean Temperature Trends of the Moulouya Basin (Morocco)

Author

Rachid Addou, Khalid Obda, Nir Y. Krakauer, Mohamed Hanchane, Ridouane Kessabi, Bouchta El Khazzan, and Imad Eddine Achir

Subjects
Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract

This study examines the spatiotemporal variability of mean monthly temperature in the Moulouya watershed of northeastern Morocco, highlighting associated trends. To this end, statistical methods widely recommended by climate researchers were adopted. We used monthly mean temperature data for the period 1980–2020 from 9 measuring stations belonging to the Moulouya Watershed Agency (ABHM). These stations were rigorously selected, taking into account their reliability, the length of their records, and their geographical position in the basin. In addition, a quality test and homogenization of the temperature series were carried out using the Climatol tool. The results obtained show a significant upward trend in mean monthly temperature, mainly pronounced during the summer months, in the Moulouya watershed. In fact, Z values generally exceeded the 0.05 significance level at all stations during April, May, June, July, August, and October. According to the results of Sen’s slope test, mean monthly temperatures show an annual increase ranging from 0 to 0.13°C. The maximum magnitude of warming is recorded in July, specifically at Oujda Station. On an overall watershed scale, May, August, and July show a rapid warming trend, with average rates of 0.093, 0.086, and 0.08°C per year, respectively. By contrast, the series for the other months show no significant trend. Significant trend change points were also identified at watershed and station scales, mainly around 2000, primarily for accelerated warming of the summer months.

Published
2024
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6. Opportunities in Flavour Physics at the HL-LHC and HE-LHC

Author

Cerri, A., Gligorov, V. V., Malvezzi, S., Camalich, J. Martin, Zupan, J., Akar, S., Alimena, J., Allanach, B. C., Altmannshofer, W., Anderlini, L., Archilli, F., Azzi, P., Banerjee, S., Barter, W., Barton, A. E., Bauer, M., Belyaev, I., Benson, S., Bettler, M., Bhattacharya, R., Bifani, S., Birnkraut, A., Bishara, F., Blake, T., Blusk, S., Boos, E., Borsato, M., Bozzi, C., Bragagnolo, A., Brod, J., Brodzicka, J., Buras, A. J., Cadamuro, L., Carbone, A., Carena, M., Carli, I., Carmona, A., Cavallo, F. R., Celis, A., Cepeda, M., Chahal, G. S., Chala, M., Charles, J., Charles, M., Chen, K. F., Chobanova, V., Chrzaszcz, M., Ciezarek, G., Cirigliano, V., Ciuchini, M., Cliff, H., Cogan, J., Colangelo, G., Contu, A., Covarelli, R., Cowan, G., Crivellin, A., D'Ambrosio, G., D'Onofrio, M., Dang, N. P., Davis, A., Francisco, O. A. De Aguiar, De Bruyn, K., De Sanctis, U., De la Torre, H., Dekens, W., Deliot, F., Della Morte, M., Demers, S., Derkach, D., Deschamps, O., Descotes-Genon, S., Dettori, F., Di Canto, A., Dinardo, M., Dini, P., Dordei, F., Dorigo, M., Reis, A. dos, Dudko, L., Dufour, L., Durieux, G., Dutta, S., Dziurda, A., Eitschberger, U., Esposito, A., Estevez, M., Fajfer, S., Falkowski, A., Faroughy, D. A., Fedi, G., Fiorendi, S., Fiori, F., Fitzpatrick, C., Fleischer, R., Fontana, M., Fox, P. J., Freytsis, M., Gámiz, E., Gabriel, E., Gambino, P., Pardiñas, J. García, Geng, L. S., Gersabeck, E., Gersabeck, M., Gershon, T., Gilbert, A., Gonzalez-Alonso, M., Govoni, P., Graziani, G., Greljo, A., Grillo, L., Grinstein, B., Grohsjean, A., Grossman, Y., Guadagnoli, D., Guo, F. -K., Guzzi, L., Haller, J., Hamilton, B., Han, T., Harnik, R., Hill, D., Hiller, G., Hoepfner, K., Hogan, J. M., Hurth, T., Igonkina, O., Ilten, P., Isidori, G., Jain, Sa., John, M., Johnson, D., Jung, M., Jurik, N., Jäger, S., Kado, M., Kagan, A. L., Kamenik, J. F., Karliner, M., Kenzie, M., Khanji, B., Kieseler, J., Kitahara, T., Klijnsma, T., Knecht, M., Košnik, N., Kogler, R., Koppenburg, P., Korytov, A., Kreps, M., Langenbruch, C., Langenegger, U., Latham, T., Lebed, R. F., Lenz, A. J., Leonardo, N., Leroy, O., Li, Q., Li, T., Ligabue, F., Ligeti, Z., Long, K., Lunghi, E., Mahmoudi, F., Mancinelli, G., Mandrik, P., Mannel, T., Marcano, X., Marchand, J. F., Santos, D. Martínez, Martin, A., Martinelli, M., Vidal, F. Martinez, Marzocca, D., Matias, J., Cuevas, P. Matorras, Matsedonskyi, O., Mauri, A., Mazumdar, K., Merk, M., Meyer, A. B., Michielin, E., Mitselmakher, G., Mittnacht, L., Monteil, S., Morello, M. J., Morgenstern, M., Narain, M., Nardecchia, M., Needham, M., Neri, N., Neubert, M., Neubert, S., Nierste, U., Nieves, J., Nir, Y., Nisati, A., O'Hanlon, D. P., Oset, E., Owen, P., Ozcelik, O., Griso, S. Pagan, Cortezon, E. Palencia, Palla, F., Palutan, M., Pappagallo, M., Parkes, C., Pascoli, S., Passaleva, G., Passemar, E., Patel, M., Pearce, A., Pedro, K., Perazzini, S., Perfilov, M., Perrozzi, L., Pescatore, L., Petersen, B. A., Petrov, A. A., Pich, A., Pilloni, A., Polci, F., Polosa, A. D., Prelovsek, S., Navarro, A. Puig, Punzi, G., Rademacker, J., Rama, M., Reboud, M., Reimers, A., Reznicek, P., Robinson, D. J., Rosner, J. L., Ruiz, R., Saito, S., Sarkar, S., Savin, A., Sawant, S., Schacht, S., Schlaffer, M., Schmidt, A., Schneider, B., Schopper, A., Schune, M. H., Segovia, J., Selvaggi, M., Serra, N., Servant, G., Sestini, L., Shih, D., Coutinho, R. Silva, Silvestrini, L., Skovpen, K., Skwarnicki, T., Smizanska, M., Soni, A., Soreq, Y., Spannowsky, M., Spradlin, P., Stamou, E., Stone, S., Stracka, S., Straub, D. M., Szczepaniak, A. P, T'Jampens, S., Takahashi, Y., Teubert, F., Thomas, E., Tisserand, V., Torre, R., Tresoldi, F., Tsiakkouri, D., Turchikhin, S., Ulmer, K. A., Vagnoni, V., van Dyk, D., van Tilburg, J., Vecchi, S., Venditti, R., Vesterinen, M., Virto, J., Volkov, P., Vorotnikov, G., Vryonidou, E., Walder, J., Walkowiak, W., Wang, J., Wang, W., Weiland, C., Whitehead, M., Wilkinson, G., Williams, J. M., Williams, M. R. J., Wilson, F., Xie, Y., Yang, Z., Yazgan, E., You, T., Yu, F., Zhang, C., Zhang, L., and Zhang, W.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Motivated by the success of the flavour physics programme carried out over the last decade at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), we characterize in detail the physics potential of its High-Luminosity and High-Energy upgrades in this domain of physics. We document the extraordinary breadth of the HL/HE-LHC programme enabled by a putative Upgrade II of the dedicated flavour physics experiment LHCb and the evolution of the established flavour physics role of the ATLAS and CMS general purpose experiments. We connect the dedicated flavour physics programme to studies of the top quark, Higgs boson, and direct high-$p_T$ searches for new particles and force carriers. We discuss the complementarity of their discovery potential for physics beyond the Standard Model, affirming the necessity to fully exploit the LHC's flavour physics potential throughout its upgrade eras., Comment: Report from Working Group 4 on the Physics of the HL-LHC, and Perspectives at the HE-LHC, 292 pages

Published
2018

11. Flavour Physics and CP Violation

Author

Nir, Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We explain the many reasons for the interest in flavor physics. We describe flavor physics and the related CP violation within the Standard Model, and explain how the B-factories proved that the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism dominates the CP violation that is observed in meson decays. We explain the implications of flavor physics for new physics, with emphasis on the "new physics flavor puzzle", and present the idea of minimal flavor violation as a possible solution. We explain why the values flavor parameters of the Standard Model are puzzling, present the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism as a possible solution, and describe how measurements of neutrino parameters are interpreted in the context of this puzzle. We show that the recently discovered Higgslike boson may provide new opportunities for making progress on the various flavor puzzles., Comment: 34 pages, contribution to the 2013 CERN - Latin-American School of High-Energy Physics, Arequipa, Peru, 6-19 Mar 2013. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1010.2666, arXiv:0708.1872

Published
2016
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12. Connecting the smart village: a switch towards smart and sustainable rural-urban linkages in Spain

Author

Desconocidos, Krakauer Nir Y, Ros-McDonnell Lorenzo, Cristina García Fernández, Daniël Peek, Desconocidos, Krakauer Nir Y, Ros-McDonnell Lorenzo, Cristina García Fernández, and Daniël Peek

Abstract

Decades of massive urbanization, combined with spontaneous and unsustainable urban planning efforts, have brought about the deterioration of natural ecosystems around the globe. The chasm between rural depopulation and urban concentration is only expected to widen even further, as it is anticipated that this trend will continue throughout the twenty-first century, an era frequently labelled as the century of cities., This research focuses on the dimensions of the Smart Village concept to understand to what extent smart development in the countryside could contribute to reducing disparities between rural and urban realities. Population imbalances and intensifying climate impacts are prime challenges for rural areas, which also need to counter diminishing infrastructure and the lack of digital competencies to enhance their attractiveness. Cities, in turn, face their own set of challenges, such as contamination, natural resources exploitation, and high population densities. Local governments have been embracing the Smart City approach to accomplish sustainable development, which might also benefit the revitalization of rural areas if conducted through a tailored regional approach. Enhanced connectivity between rural and urban realities through smartness is, therefore, becoming an important element for the shaping of adaptive, energy-efficient, and resilient communities., Desconocidas, Depto. de Economía Aplicada, Pública y Política, Fac. de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, TRUE, pub

Published
2024

20. Grand Challenges of Hydrologic Modeling for Food-Energy-Water Nexus Security in High Mountain Asia

Author

Shruti K. Mishra, Summer Rupper, Sarah Kapnick, Kimberly Casey, Hoi Ga Chan, Enrico Ciraci', Umesh Haritashya, John Hayse, Jeffrey S. Kargel, Rijan B. Kayastha, Nir Y. Krakauer, Sujay V. Kumar, Richard B. Lammers, Viviana Maggioni, Steven A. Margulis, Mathew Olson, Batuhan Osmanoglu, Yun Qian, Sasha McLarty, Karl Rittger, David R. Rounce, David Shean, Isabella Velicogna, Thomas D. Veselka, and Anthony Arendt

Subjects
hydrology, cryosphere, climate–impact of, high Mountain Asia (HMA), water resources, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066
Abstract

Climate-influenced changes in hydrology affect water-food-energy security that may impact up to two billion people downstream of the High Mountain Asia (HMA) region. Changes in water supply affect energy, industry, transportation, and ecosystems (agriculture, fisheries) and as a result, also affect the region's social, environmental, and economic fabrics. Sustaining the highly interconnected food-energy-water nexus (FEWN) will be a fundamental and increasing challenge under a changing climate regime. High variability in topography and distribution of glaciated and snow-covered areas in the HMA region, and scarcity of high resolution (in-situ) data make it difficult to model and project climate change impacts on individual watersheds. We lack basic understanding of the spatial and temporal variations in climate, surface impurities in snow and ice such as black carbon and dust that alter surface albedo, and glacier mass balance and dynamics. These knowledge gaps create challenges in predicting where and when the impact of changes in river flow will be the most significant economically and ecologically. In response to these challenges, the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) established the High Mountain Asia Team (HiMAT) in 2016 to conduct research to address knowledge gaps. This paper summarizes some of the advances HiMAT made over the past 5 years, highlights the scientific challenges in improving our understanding of the hydrology of the HMA region, and introduces an integrated assessment framework to assess the impacts of climate changes on the FEWN for the HMA region. The framework, developed under a NASA HMA project, links climate models, hydrology, hydropower, fish biology, and economic analysis. The framework could be applied to develop scientific understanding of spatio-temporal variability in water availability and the resultant downstream impacts on the FEWN to support water resource management under a changing climate regime.

Published
2021
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21. Implications of LHCb measurements and future prospects

Author

LHCb collaboration, Bharucha, A., Bigi, I. I., Bobeth, C., Bobrowski, M., Brod, J., Buras, A. J., Davies, C. T. H., Datta, A., Delaunay, C., Descotes-Genon, S., Ellis, J., Feldmann, T., Fleischer, R., Gedalia, O., Girrbach, J., Guadagnoli, D., Hiller, G., Hochberg, Y., Hurth, T., Isidori, G., Jaeger, S., Jung, M., Kagan, A., Kamenik, J. F., Lenz, A., Ligeti, Z., London, D., Mahmoudi, F., Matias, J., Nandi, S., Nir, Y., Paradisi, P., Perez, G., Petrov, A. A., Rattazzi, R., Sharpe, S. R., Silvestrini, L., Soni, A., Straub, D. M., van Dyk, D., Virto, J., Wang, Y. -M., Weiler, A., collaboration, J. Zupan. LHCb, Aaij, R., Beteta, C. Abellan, Adametz, A., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Adrover, C., Affolder, A., Ajaltouni, Z., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Ali, S., Alkhazov, G., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Alves Jr, A. A., Amato, S., Amhis, Y., Anderlini, L., Anderson, J., Andreassen, R., Anelli, M., Appleby, R. B., Gutierrez, O. Aquines, Archilli, F., Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Aslanides, E., Auriemma, G., Bachmann, S., Back, J. J., Baesso, C., Baldini, W., Band, H., Barlow, R. J., Barschel, C., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bates, A., Bauer, Th., Bay, A., Beddow, J., Bediaga, I., Beigbeder-Beau, C., Belogurov, S., Belous, K., Belyaev, I., Ben-Haim, E., Benayoun, M., Bencivenni, G., Benson, S., Benton, J., Berezhnoy, A., Bernard, F., Bernet, R., Bettler, M. -O., van Beuzekom, M., van Beveren, V., Bien, A., Bifani, S., Bird, T., Bizzeti, A., Bjørnstad, P. M., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blanks, C., Blouw, J., Blusk, S., Bobrov, A., Bocci, V., Bochin, B., Rookhuizen, H. Boer, Bogdanova, G., Bonaccorsi, E., Bondar, A., Bondar, N., Bonivento, W., Borghi, S., Borgia, A., Bowcock, T. J. V., Bowen, E., Bozzi, C., Brambach, T., Brand, J. van den, Brarda, L., Bressieux, J., Brett, D., Britsch, M., Britton, T., Brook, N. H., Brown, H., Büchler-Germann, A., Burducea, I., Bursche, A., Buytaert, J., Cacérès, T., Cachemiche, J. -P., Cadeddu, S., Callot, O., Calvi, M., Gomez, M. Calvo, Camboni, A., Campana, P., Carbone, A., Carboni, G., Cardinale, R., Cardini, A., Carranza-Mejia, H., Carson, L., Akiba, K. Carvalho, Ramo, A. Casajus, Casse, G., Cattaneo, M., Cauet, Ch., Ceelie, L., Chadaj, B., Chanal, H., Charles, M., Charlet, D., Charpentier, Ph., Chebbi, M., Chen, P., Chiapolini, N., Chrzaszcz, M., Ciambrone, P., Ciba, K., Vidal, X. Cid, Ciezarek, G., Clarke, P. E. L., Clemencic, M., Cliff, H. V., Closier, J., Coca, C., Coco, V., Cogan, J., Cogneras, E., Collins, P., Comerma-Montells, A., Contu, A., Cook, A., Coombes, M., Corajod, B., Corti, G., Couturier, B., Cowan, G. A., Craik, D., Cunliffe, S., Currie, R., D'Ambrosio, C., D'Antone, I., David, P., David, P. N. Y., De Bonis, I., De Bruyn, K., De Capua, S., De Cian, M., De Groen, P., De Miranda, J. M., De Paula, L., De Simone, P., Decamp, D., Deckenhoff, M., Decreuse, G., Degaudenzi, H., Del Buono, L., Deplano, C., Derkach, D., Deschamps, O., Dettori, F., Di Canto, A., Dickens, J., Dijkstra, H., Batista, P. Diniz, Dogaru, M., Bonal, F. Domingo, Domke, M., Donleavy, S., Dordei, F., Suárez, A. Dosil, Dossett, D., Dovbnya, A., Drancourt, C., Duarte, O., Dumps, R., Dupertuis, F., Duval, P. -Y., Dzhelyadin, R., Dziurda, A., Dzyuba, A., Easo, S., Egede, U., Egorychev, V., Eidelman, S., van Eijk, D., Eisenhardt, S., Ekelhof, R., Eklund, L., Rifai, I. El, Elsasser, Ch., Elsby, D., Evangelisti, F., Falabella, A., Färber, C., Fardell, G., Farinelli, C., Farry, S., Faulkner, P. J. W., Fave, V., Felici, G., Albor, V. Fernandez, Rodrigues, F. Ferreira, Ferro-Luzzi, M., Filippov, S., Fitzpatrick, C., Föhr, C., Fontana, M., Fontanelli, F., Forty, R., Fournier, C., Francisco, O., Frank, M., Frei, C., Frei, R., Frosini, M., Fuchs, H., Furcas, S., Torreira, A. Gallas, Galli, D., Gandelman, M., Gandini, P., Gao, Y., Garofoli, J., Garosi, P., Tico, J. Garra, Garrido, L., Gascon, D., Gaspar, C., Gauld, R., Gersabeck, E., Gersabeck, M., Gershon, T., Gets, S., Ghez, Ph., Giachero, A., Gibson, V., Gligorov, V. V., Göbel, C., Golovtsov, V., Golubkov, D., Golutvin, A., Gomes, A., Gong, G., Gong, H., Gordon, H., Gotti, C., Gándara, M. Grabalosa, Diaz, R. Graciani, Cardoso, L. A. Granado, Graugés, E., Graziani, G., Grecu, A., Greening, E., Gregson, S., Gromov, V., Grünberg, O., Gui, B., Gushchin, E., Guz, Yu., Guzik, Z., Gys, T., Hachon, F., Hadjivasiliou, C., Haefeli, G., Haen, C., Haines, S. C., Hall, S., Hampson, T., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Harnew, N., Harnew, S. T., Harrison, J., Harrison, P. F., Hartmann, T., He, J., van der Heijden, B., Heijne, V., Hennessy, K., Henrard, P., Morata, J. A. Hernando, van Herwijnen, E., Hicks, E., Hill, D., Hoballah, M., Hofmann, W., Hombach, C., Hopchev, P., Hulsbergen, W., Hunt, P., Huse, T., Hussain, N., Hutchcroft, D., Hynds, D., Iakovenko, V., Ilten, P., Imong, J., Jacobsson, R., Jaeger, A., Jamet, O., Jans, E., Jansen, F., Jansen, L., Jansweijer, P., Jaton, P., Jing, F., John, M., Johnson, D., Jones, C. R., Jost, B., Kaballo, M., Kandybei, S., Karacson, M., Karavichev, O., Karbach, T. M., Kashchuk, A., Kechadi, T., Kenyon, I. R., Kerzel, U., Ketel, T., Keune, A., Khanji, B., Kihm, T., Kluit, R., Kochebina, O., Komarov, V., Koopman, R. F., Koppenburg, P., Korolev, M., Kos, J., Kozlinskiy, A., Kravchuk, L., Kreplin, K., Kreps, M., Kristic, R., Krocker, G., Krokovny, P., Kruse, F., Kucharczyk, M., Kudenko, Y., Kudryavtsev, V., Kvaratskheliya, T., La Thi, V. N., Lacarrere, D., Lafferty, G., Lai, A., Lambert, D., Lambert, R. W., Lanciotti, E., Landi, L., Lanfranchi, G., Langenbruch, C., Laptev, S., Latham, T., Lax, I., Lazzeroni, C., Gac, R. Le, van Leerdam, J., Lees, J. -P., Lefèvre, R., Leflat, A., Lefrançois, J., Leroy, O., Lesiak, T., Li, Y., Gioi, L. Li, Likhoded, A., Liles, M., Lindner, R., Linn, C., Liu, B., Liu, G., von Loeben, J., Lopes, J. H., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lopez-March, N., Lu, H., Luisier, J., Luo, H., Mac Raighne, A., Machefert, F., Machikhiliyan, I. V., Maciuc, F., Maev, O., Maino, M., Malde, S., Manca, G., Mancinelli, G., Mangiafave, N., Marconi, U., Märki, R., Marks, J., Martellotti, G., Martens, A., Sánchez, A. Martín, Martinelli, M., Santos, D. Martinez, Tostes, D. Martins, Massafferri, A., Matev, R., Mathe, Z., Matteuzzi, C., Matveev, M., Maurice, E., Mauricio, J., Mazurov, A., McCarthy, J., McNulty, R., Meadows, B., Meissner, M., Mejia, H., Mendez-Munoz, V., Merk, M., Milanes, D. A., Minard, M. -N., Rodriguez, J. Molina, Monteil, S., Moran, D., Morawski, P., Mountain, R., Mous, I., Muheim, F., Mul, F., Müller, K., Munneke, B., Muresan, R., Muryn, B., Muster, B., Naik, P., Nakada, T., Nandakumar, R., Nasteva, I., Nawrot, A., Needham, M., Neufeld, N., Nguyen, A. D., Nguyen, T. D., Nguyen-Mau, C., Nicol, M., Niess, V., Nikitin, N., Nikodem, T., Nikolaiko, Y., Nisar, S., Nomerotski, A., Novoselov, A., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Obraztsov, V., Oggero, S., Ogilvy, S., Okhrimenko, O., Oldeman, R., Orlandea, M., Ostankov, A., Goicochea, J. M. Otalora, van Overbeek, M., Owen, P., Pal, B. K., Palano, A., Palutan, M., Panman, J., Papanestis, A., Pappagallo, M., Parkes, C., Parkinson, C. J., Passaleva, G., Patel, G. D., Patel, M., Patrick, G. N., Patrignani, C., Pavel-Nicorescu, C., Alvarez, A. Pazos, Pellegrino, A., Penso, G., Altarelli, M. Pepe, Perazzini, S., Perego, D. L., Trigo, E. Perez, Yzquierdo, A. Pérez-Calero, Perret, P., Perrin-Terrin, M., Pessina, G., Petridis, K., Petrolini, A., van Petten, O., Phan, A., Olloqui, E. Picatoste, Piedigrossi, D., Pietrzyk, B., Pilař, T., Pinci, D., Playfer, S., Casasus, M. Plo, Polci, F., Polok, G., Poluektov, A., Polycarpo, E., Popov, D., Popovici, B., Potterat, C., Powell, A., Prisciandaro, J., Pugatch, M., Pugatch, V., Navarro, A. Puig, Qian, W., Rademacker, J. H., Rakotomiaramanana, B., Rangel, M. S., Raniuk, I., Rauschmayr, N., Raven, G., Redford, S., Reid, M. M., Reis, A. C. dos, Rethore, F., Ricciardi, S., Richards, A., Rinnert, K., Molina, V. Rives, Romero, D. A. Roa, Robbe, P., Rodrigues, E., Perez, P. Rodriguez, Roeland, E., Rogers, G. J., Roiser, S., Romanovsky, V., Vidal, A. Romero, de Roo, K., Rouvinet, J., Roy, L., Rudloff, K., Ruf, T., Ruiz, H., Sabatino, G., Silva, J. J. Saborido, Sagidova, N., Sail, P., Saitta, B., Salzmann, C., Sedes, B. Sanmartin, Santacesaria, R., Rios, C. Santamarina, Santovetti, E., Gamarra, S. Saornil, Sapunov, M., Saputi, A., Sarti, A., Satriano, C., Satta, A., Savidge, T., Savrie, M., Schaack, P., Schiller, M., Schimmel, A., Schindler, H., Schleich, S., Schlupp, M., Schmelling, M., Schmidt, B., Schneider, O., Schneider, T., Schopper, A., Schuijlenburg, H., Schune, M. -H., Schwemmer, R., Sciascia, B., Sciubba, A., Seco, M., Semennikov, A., Senderowska, K., Sepp, I., Serra, N., Serrano, J., Seyfert, P., Shao, B., Shapkin, M., Shapoval, I., Shatalov, P., Shcheglov, Y., Shears, T., Shekhtman, L., Shevchenko, O., Shevchenko, V., Shires, A., Sigurdsson, S., Coutinho, R. Silva, Skwarnicki, T., Slater, M. W., Sluijk, T., Smith, N. A., Smith, E., Smith, M., Sobczak, K., Sokoloff, M. D., Soler, F. J. P., Soomro, F., Souza, D., De Paula, B. Souza, Spaan, B., Sparkes, A., Spradlin, P., Squerzanti, S., Stagni, F., Stahl, S., Steinkamp, O., Stenyakin, O., Stoica, S., Stone, S., Storaci, B., Straticiuc, M., Straumann, U., Subbiah, V. K., Swientek, S., Szczekowski, M., Szczypka, P., Szumlak, T., T'Jampens, S., Teklishyn, M., Teodorescu, E., Teubert, F., Thomas, C., Thomas, E., Tikhonov, A., van Tilburg, J., Tisserand, V., Tobin, M., Tocut, V., Tolk, S., Tonelli, D., Topp-Joergensen, S., Torr, N., Tournefier, E., Tourneur, S., Tran, M. T., Tresch, M., Tsaregorodtsev, A., Tsopelas, P., Tuning, N., Garcia, M. Ubeda, Ukleja, A., Ullaland, O., Urner, D., Uwer, U., Vagnoni, V., Valenti, G., Gomez, R. Vazquez, Regueiro, P. Vazquez, Vecchi, S., Velthuis, J. J., Veltri, M., Veneziano, G., Vesterinen, M., Viaud, B., Vieira, D., Vilasis-Cardona, X., Vink, W., Volkov, S., Volkov, V., Vollhardt, A., Volyanskyy, D., Voong, D., Vorobyev, A., Vorobyev, V., Voß, C., Voss, H., Vouters, G., Waldi, R., Wallace, R., Wandernoth, S., Wang, J., Ward, D. R., Warda, K., Watson, N. K., Webber, A. D., Websdale, D., Wenerke, P., Whitehead, M., Wicht, J., Wiedner, D., Wiggers, L., Wilkinson, G., Williams, M. P., Williams, M., Wilson, F. F., Wishahi, J., Witek, M., Witzeling, W., Wotton, S. A., Wright, S., Wu, S., Wyllie, K., Xie, Y., Xing, Z., Xue, T., Yang, Z., Young, R., Yuan, X., Yushchenko, O., Zangoli, M., Zappon, F., Zavertyaev, M., Zeng, M., Zhang, F., Zhang, L., Zhang, W. C., Zhang, Y., Zhelezov, A., Zhong, L., Zverev, E., Zvyagin, A., and Zwart, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

During 2011 the LHCb experiment at CERN collected 1.0 fb-1 of sqrt{s} = 7 TeV pp collisions. Due to the large heavy quark production cross-sections, these data provide unprecedented samples of heavy flavoured hadrons. The first results from LHCb have made a significant impact on the flavour physics landscape and have definitively proved the concept of a dedicated experiment in the forward region at a hadron collider. This document discusses the implications of these first measurements on classes of extensions to the Standard Model, bearing in mind the interplay with the results of searches for on-shell production of new particles at ATLAS and CMS. The physics potential of an upgrade to the LHCb detector, which would allow an order of magnitude more data to be collected, is emphasised., Comment: v2: 180 pages; many figures. Updated for submission to EPJC; v3: published version

Published
2012
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22. Flavour physics and CP violation

Author

Nir, Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

This is a written version of a series of lectures aimed at graduate students in particle theory/string theory/particle experiment familiar with the basics of the Standard Model. We explain the many reasons for the interest in flavour physics. We describe flavour physics and the related CP violation within the Standard Model, and explain how the B-factories proved that the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism dominates the CP violation that is observed in meson decays. We explain the implications of flavour physics for new physics. We emphasize the "new physics flavour puzzle". As an explicit example, we explain how the recent measurements of D0-D0 mixing constrain the supersymmetric flavour structure. We explain how the ATLAS and CMS experiments can solve the new physics flavour puzzle and perhaps shed light on the standard model flavour puzzle. Finally, we describe various interpretations of the neutrino flavour data and their impact on flavour models., Comment: 36 pages, Lectures given at the 5th CERN-Latin-American School of High-Energy Physics, Recinto Quirama, Colombia, 15 - 28 Mar 2009

Published
2010

23. Working Group Report: Neutrino and Astroparticle Physics

Author

Goswami, Srubabati, Rangarajan, Raghavan, Agashe, K., Bandyopadhyay, A., Bhattacharya, K., Brahmachari, B., Burgess, C., Chun, E. J., Choudhury, D., Das, P. K., Dighe, A., Godbole, R., Gupta, N., Kaplinghat, M., Indumathi, D., Forshaw, J., Keum, Y. Y., Layek, B., Majumdar, D., Mahajan, N., Mehta, P., Mohapatra, R. N., Mondal, N., More, S., Nir, Y., Pakvasa, S., Parida, M. K., Ravikumar, M., Rajasekaran, G., Ramadevi, P., Rindani, S. D., Roy, D. P., Roy, P., Sahu, N., Samanta, A., Shadmi, Y., Srivastava, A. M., Sankar, S. Uma, Vaidya, R., and Yajnik, U.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

This is the report of neutrino and astroparticle physics working group at WHEPP-8. We present the discussions carried out during the workshop on selected topics in the above fields and also indicate progress made subsequently. The neutrino physics subgroup studied the possibilites of constraining neutrino masses, mixing and CPT violation in lepton sector from future experiments. Neutrino mass models in the context of abelian horizontal symmetries, warped extra dimensions and in presence of triplet Higgs were studied. Effect of threshold corrections on radiative magnification of mixing angles was investigated. The astroparticle physics subgroup focused on how various particle physics inputs affect the CMBR fluctuation spectrum, and on brane cosmology. This report also contains an introduction on how to use the publicly available code CMBFAST to calculate the CMBR fluctuations., Comment: Prepared for the 8th Workshop on High-Energy Physics Phenomenology (WHEPP-8), IIT Mumbai, India, 5-16 Jan 2004

Published
2004
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25. Implications of LHCb measurements and future prospects

Author

Bharucha, A, Bigi, II, Bobeth, C, Bobrowski, M, Brod, J, Buras, AJ, Davies, CTH, Datta, A, Delaunay, C, Descotes-Genon, S, Ellis, J, Feldmann, T, Fleischer, R, Gedalia, O, Girrbach, J, Guadagnoli, D, Hiller, G, Hochberg, Y, Hurth, T, Isidori, G, Jäger, S, Jung, M, Kagan, A, Kamenik, JF, Lenz, A, Ligeti, Z, London, D, Mahmoudi, F, Matias, J, Nandi, S, Nir, Y, Paradisi, P, Perez, G, Petrov, AA, Rattazzi, R, Sharpe, SR, Silvestrini, L, Soni, A, Straub, DM, Van Dyk, D, Virto, J, Wang, YM, Weiler, A, Zupan, J, Aaij, R, Beteta, CA, Adametz, A, Adeva, B, Adinolfi, M, Adrover, C, Affolder, A, Ajaltouni, Z, Albrecht, J, Alessio, F, Alexander, M, Ali, S, Alkhazov, G, Cartelle, PA, Alves, AA, Amato, S, Amhis, Y, Anderlini, L, Anderson, J, Andreassen, R, Anelli, M, Appleby, RB, Gutierrez, OA, Archilli, F, Artamonov, A, Artuso, M, Aslanides, E, Auriemma, G, Bachmann, S, Back, JJ, Baesso, C, Baldini, W, Band, H, Barlow, RJ, Barschel, C, Barsuk, S, Barter, W, Bates, A, Bauer, T, Bay, A, Beddow, J, Bediaga, I, Beigbeder-Beau, C, Belogurov, S, Belous, K, Belyaev, I, Ben-Haim, E, Benayoun, M, Bencivenni, G, Benson, S, Benton, J, Berezhnoy, A, Bernard, F, Bernet, R, and Bettler, MO

Subjects
hep-ex, hep-ph, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

During 2011 the LHCb experiment at CERN collected 1.0 fb−1 of √s = 7 TeV pp collisions. Due to the large heavy quark production cross-sections, these data provide unprecedented samples of heavy flavoured hadrons. The first results from LHCb have made a significant impact on the flavour physics landscape and have definitively proved the concept of a dedicated experiment in the forwardregion at a hadron collider. This document discusses the implications of these first measurements on classes of extensions to the Standard Model, bearing in mind the interplay with the results of searches for on-shell production of new particles at ATLAS and CMS. The physics potential of an upgrade to the LHCb detector, which would allow an order of magnitude more data to be collected, is emphasised.

Published
2013

26. Implications of LHCb measurements and future prospects

Author

The LHCb Collaboration, Bharucha, A, Bigi, II, Bobeth, C, Bobrowski, M, Brod, J, Buras, AJ, Davies, CTH, Datta, A, Delaunay, C, Descotes-Genon, S, Ellis, J, Feldmann, T, Fleischer, R, Gedalia, O, Girrbach, J, Guadagnoli, D, Hiller, G, Hochberg, Y, Hurth, T, Isidori, G, Jäger, S, Jung, M, Kagan, A, Kamenik, JF, Lenz, A, Ligeti, Z, London, D, Mahmoudi, F, Matias, J, Nandi, S, Nir, Y, Paradisi, P, Perez, G, Petrov, AA, Rattazzi, R, Sharpe, SR, Silvestrini, L, Soni, A, Straub, DM, van Dyk, D, Virto, J, Wang, Y-M, Weiler, A, Zupan, J, Aaij, R, Abellan Beteta, C, Adametz, A, Adeva, B, Adinolfi, M, Adrover, C, Affolder, A, Ajaltouni, Z, Albrecht, J, Alessio, F, Alexander, M, Ali, S, Alkhazov, G, Alvarez Cartelle, P, Alves, AA, Amato, S, Amhis, Y, Anderlini, L, Anderson, J, Andreassen, R, Anelli, M, Appleby, RB, Aquines Gutierrez, O, Archilli, F, Artamonov, A, Artuso, M, Aslanides, E, Auriemma, G, Bachmann, S, Back, JJ, Baesso, C, Baldini, W, Band, H, Barlow, RJ, Barschel, C, Barsuk, S, Barter, W, Bates, A, Bauer, Th, Bay, A, Beddow, J, Bediaga, I, Beigbeder-Beau, C, Belogurov, S, Belous, K, Belyaev, I, Ben-Haim, E, Benayoun, M, Bencivenni, G, Benson, S, Benton, J, Berezhnoy, A, Bernard, F, Bernet, R, and Bettler, M-O

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, hep-ex, hep-ph, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

During 2011 the LHCb experiment at CERN collected 1.0 fb−1 of √s = 7 TeV pp collisions. Due to the large heavy quark production cross-sections, these data provide unprecedented samples of heavy flavoured hadrons. The first results from LHCb have made a significant impact on the flavour physics landscape and have definitively proved the concept of a dedicated experiment in the forwardregion at a hadron collider. This document discusses the implications of these first measurements on classes of extensions to the Standard Model, bearing in mind the interplay with the results of searches for on-shell production of new particles at ATLAS and CMS. The physics potential of an upgrade to the LHCb detector, which would allow an order of magnitude more data to be collected, is emphasised.

Published
2013

27. Neutrino Masses and Mixing: Evidence and Implications

Author

Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C. and Nir, Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

Measurements of various features of the fluxes of atmospheric and solar neutrinos have provided evidence for neutrino oscillations and therefore for neutrino masses and mixing. We review the phenomenology of neutrino oscillations in vacuum and in matter. We present the existing evidence from solar and atmospheric neutrinos as well as the results from laboratory searches, including the final status of the LSND experiment. We describe the theoretical inputs that are used to interpret the experimental results in terms of neutrino oscillations. We derive the allowed ranges for the mass and mixing parameters in three frameworks: First, each set of observations is analyzed separately in a two-neutrino framework; Second, the data from solar and atmospheric neutrinos are analyzed in a three active neutrino framework; Third, the LSND results are added, and the status of accommodating all three signals in the framework of three active and one sterile light neutrinos is presented. We review the theoretical implications of these results: the existence of new physics, the estimate of the scale of this new physics and the lessons for grand unified theories, for supersymmetric models with R-parity violation, for models of extra dimensions and singlet fermions in the bulk, and for flavor models., Comment: Added note on the effects of KamLAND results. Two new figures

Published
2002
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28. B Physics at the Tevatron: Run II and Beyond

Author

Anikeev, K., Atwood, D., Azfar, F., Bailey, S., Bauer, C. W., Bell, W., Bodwin, G., Braaten, E., Burdman, G., Butler, J. N., Byrum, K., Cason, N., Cerri, A., Cheung, H. W. K., Dighe, A., Donati, S., Ellis, R. K., Falk, A., Feild, G., Fleming, S., Furic, I., Gardner, S., Grossman, Y., Gutierrez, G., Hao, W., Harris, B. W., Hewett, J., Hiller, G., Jesik, R., Jones, M., Kasper, P. A., El-Khadra, A., Kirk, M., Kiselev, V. V., Kroll, J., Kronfeld, A. S., Kutschke, R., Kuznetsov, V. E., Laenen, E., Lee, Jungil, Leibovich, A. K., Lewis, J. D., Ligeti, Z., Likhoded, A. K., Logan, H. E., Luke, M., Maciel, A., Majumder, G., Maksimovic, P., Martin, M., Menary, S., Nason, P., Nierste, U., Nir, Y., Nogach, L., Norrbin, E., Oleari, C., Papadimitriou, V., Paulini, M., Paus, C., Petteni, M., Poling, R., Procario, M., Punzi, G., Quinn, H., Rakitine, A., Ridolfi, G., Shestermanov, K., Signorelli, G., Silva, J. P., Skwarnicki, T., Smith, A., Speakman, B., Stenson, K., Stichelbaut, F., Stone, S., Sumorok, K., Tanaka, M., Taylor, W., Trischuk, W., Tseng, J., Van Kooten, R., Vasiliev, A., Voloshin, M., Wang, J. C., Wicklund, A. B., Wurthwein, F., Xuan, N., Yarba, J., Yip, K., and Zieminski, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This report provides a comprehensive overview of the prospects for B physics at the Tevatron. The work was carried out during a series of workshops starting in September 1999. There were four working groups: 1) CP Violation, 2) Rare and Semileptonic Decays, 3) Mixing and Lifetimes, 4) Production, Fragmentation and Spectroscopy. The report also includes introductory chapters on theoretical and experimental tools emphasizing aspects of B physics specific to hadron colliders, as well as overviews of the CDF, D0, and BTeV detectors, and a Summary., Comment: 583 pages. Further information on the workshops, including transparencies, can be found at the workshop's homepage: http://www-theory.lbl.gov/Brun2/. The report is also available in 2-up http://www-theory.lbl.gov/Brun2/report/report2.ps.gz or chapter-by-chapter http://www-theory.lbl.gov/Brun2/report/

Published
2002

29. New CP Violation in Neutrino Oscillations

Author

Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C., Grossman, Y., Gusso, A., and Nir, Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Measurements of CP--violating observables in neutrino oscillation experiments have been studied in the literature as a way to determine the CP--violating phase in the mixing matrix for leptons. Here we show that such observables also probe new neutrino interactions in the production or detection processes. Genuine CP violation and fake CP violation due to matter effects are sensitive to the imaginary and real parts of new couplings. The dependence of the CP asymmetry on source--detector distance is different from the standard one and, in particular, enhanced at short distances. We estimate that future neutrino factories will be able to probe in this way new interactions that are up to four orders of magnitude weaker than the weak interactions. We discuss the possible implications for models of new physics., Comment: ReVTeX, 28 pages, 7 figues. v2: Modifications in section VIII to reflect the fact that some of the couplings that were discussed in this section are irrelevant to our analysis (as pointed out in hep-ph/0112329); Added a discussion in section IX of the relevance of other future experiments that will search for lepton flavor violation

Published
2001
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30. Phenomenology of Maximal and Near-Maximal Lepton Mixing

Author

Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C., Peña-Garay, C., Nir, Y., and Smirnov, A. Yu.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We study the phenomenological consequences of maximal and near-maximal mixing of the electron neutrino with other ($x$=tau and/or muon) neutrinos. We describe the deviations from maximal mixing in terms of a parameter $\epsilon\equiv1-2\sin^2\theta_{ex}$ and quantify the present experimental status for $|\epsilon|<0.3$. We find that the global analysis of solar neutrino data allows maximal mixing with confidence level better than 99% for $10^{-8}$ eV$^2\lsim\Delta m^2\lsim2\times10^{-7}$ eV$^2$. In the mass ranges $\Delta m^2\gsim 1.5\times10^{-5}$ eV$^2$ and $4\times10^{-10}$ eV$^2\lsim\Delta m^2\lsim2\times10^{-7}$ eV$^2$ the full interval $|\epsilon|<0.3$ is allowed within 4$\sigma$(99.995 % CL). We suggest ways to measure $\epsilon$ in future experiments. The observable that is most sensitive to $\epsilon$ is the rate [NC]/[CC] in combination with the Day-Night asymmetry in the SNO detector. With theoretical and statistical uncertainties, the expected accuracy after 5 years is $\Delta \epsilon\sim 0.07$. We also discuss the effects of maximal and near-maximal $\nu_e$-mixing in atmospheric neutrinos, supernova neutrinos, and neutrinoless double beta decay., Comment: 49 pages Latex file using RevTeX. 16 postscript figures included. ( Fig.2 and Fig.4 bitmapped for compression,better resolution at http://ific.uv.es/~pppac/). Improved presentation: some statements included and labels added in figures. Some misprint corrected. Final version to appear in Phys. Rev D. Report no: IFIC/00-40, IASSNS-HEP-00-51

Published
2000
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31. Probing Supersymmetric Flavor Models with $\epsilon'/\epsilon$

Author

Eyal, G., Masiero, A., Nir, Y., and Silvestrini, L.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We discuss the supersymmetric contribution to $\epsilon'/\epsilon$ in various supersymmetric flavor models. We find that in alignment models the supersymmetric contribution could be significant while in heavy squark models it is expected to be small. The situation is particularly interesting in models that solve the flavor problems by either of the above mechanisms and the remaining CP problems by means of approximate CP, that is, all CP violating phases are small. In such models, the standard model contributions cannot account for $\epsilon'/\epsilon$ and a failure of the supersymmetric contributions to do so would exclude the model. In models of alignment and approximate CP, the supersymmetric contributions can account for $\epsilon'/\epsilon$ only if both the supersymmetric model parameters and the hadronic parameters assume rather extreme values. Such models are then strongly disfavored by the $\epsilon'/\epsilon$ measurements. Models of heavy squarks and approximate CP are excluded., Comment: 16 pages, harvmac. v2: We added a discussion of the intriguing implications that would follow if a recent lattice result is confirmed

Published
1999
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32. Relationship between 'a body shape index (ABSI)' and body composition in obese patients with type 2 diabetes

Author

Fernando Gomez-Peralta, Cristina Abreu, Margarita Cruz-Bravo, Elvira Alcarria, Gala Gutierrez-Buey, Nir Y. Krakauer, and Jesse C. Krakauer

Subjects
A body shape index, Sarcopenic obesity, Type 2 diabetes, Obesity, Body composition, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, RC620-627
Abstract

Abstract Background Obesity is known to be related to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). The most commonly used anthropometric indicator (body mass index [BMI]) presents several limitations such as the lack of possibility to distinguish adipose tissue distribution. Thus, this study examines the suitability of a body shape index (ABSI) for prediction of body composition and sarcopenic obesity in obese or overweight T2D subjects. Methods Cross-sectional study in 199 overweight/obese T2D adults. Anthropometric (BMI, ABSI) and body composition (fat mass [FM], fat-free mass [FFM], fat mass index [FMI] and fat-free mass index, and the ratio FM/FFM as an index of sarcopenic obesity) data was collected, as well as metabolic parameters (glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c], mean blood glucose, fasting plasma glucose [FPG], high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL], low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglycerides [TG] levels; the ratio TG/HDL was also calculated as a surrogate marker for insulin resistance). Results ABSI was significantly associated with age and waist circumference. It showed a statistically significant correlation with BMI exclusively in women. Regarding body composition, in men, ABSI was associated with FM (%), while in women it was associated with both FM and FFM. Both males and females groups with high ABSI scores were significantly older (men: 59.3 ± 10.8 vs 54.6 ± 10.1, p ≤ 0.05; women: 65.1 ± 9.8 vs 58.1 ± 13.3, p ≤ 0.005) and showed lower FFM values (men: 62.3 ± 9.0 vs 66.2 ± 9.3, p ≤ 0.05; women: 48.7 ± 5.6 vs 54.5 ± 8.9, p ≤ 0.001) compared with low-ABSI groups. Multiple linear regression revealed that ABSI independently predict FMI and the FM/FFM ratio in women. Sarcopenic obesity was identified in 70 (36.5%) individuals according to the FM/FFM ratio. The AUROC of ABSI was 63.1% (95% CI 54.6–71.6%; p = 0.003) and an ABSI value of 0.083 m11/6 kg−2/3 was the optimal threshold in discriminating patients with sarcopenic obesity (sensitivity: 48%, specificity: 73%). Moreover, a significant association between ABSI and FPG was found in men. Conclusions ABSI could be useful to identify visceral and sarcopenic obesity in overweight/obese adults with T2D, adding some relevant clinical information to traditional anthropometric measures.

Published
2018
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35. A-13 | Triage Blood Pressure, White Blood Cell Count, and History of Atrial Fibrillation Are Predictors of Mechanical Circulatory Support Use in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Author

Carey, Matthew R., primary, Brener, Michael, additional, Abrams, Madeline, additional, Fried, Justin, additional, Theodoropoulos, Kleanthis, additional, Rabbani, Leroy E., additional, Uriel, Nir Y., additional, Moses, Jeffrey W., additional, Kirtane, Ajay J., additional, and Prasad, Megha, additional

Published
2023
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36. A-12 | In-Hospital Mortality After ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Often Due to Withdrawal of Life Sustaining Measures or Transition to Comfort Measures Only, Though Rarely With Palliative Care Consultation

Author

Carey, Matthew R., primary, Abrams, Madeline, additional, Nakagawa, Shunichi, additional, Brener, Michael, additional, Fried, Justin, additional, Theodoropoulos, Kleanthis, additional, Rabbani, Leroy E., additional, Uriel, Nir Y., additional, Moses, Jeffrey W., additional, Kirtane, Ajay J., additional, and Prasad, Megha, additional

Published
2023
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37. C-5 | Use of Mechanical Circulatory Support in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Without Hypotension Is Associated With Increased In-Hospital Mortality

Author

Carey, Matthew R., primary, Brener, Michael, additional, Abrams, Madeline, additional, Fried, Justin, additional, Theodoropoulos, Kleanthis, additional, Rabbani, Leroy E., additional, Uriel, Nir Y., additional, Moses, Jeffrey W., additional, Kirtane, Ajay J., additional, and Prasad, Megha, additional

Published
2023
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38. Regional patterns of radiocarbon and fossil fuel-derived CO 2 in surface air across North America

Author

Hsueh, Diana Y, Krakauer, Nir Y, Randerson, James T, Xu, Xiaomei, Trumbore, Susan E, and Southon, John R

Subjects
Carbon, Carbon dioxide, Fossil fuels, Mathematical models, Plants (botany), Transport properties, Atmospheric mixing, Radiocarbon, Atmospheric composition, atmospheric pollution, atmospheric sink, carbon dioxide, estimation method, fossil fuel, pollutant source, pollutant transport, radioactive pollution, spatial distribution, Maryland, North America, Ohio, United States, Zea mays
Abstract

Radiocarbon levels in annual plants provide a means to map out regional and continental-scale fossil fuel plumes in surface air. We collected corn (Zea mays) across North America during the summer of 2004. Plants from mountain regions of western North America showed the smallest influence of fossil fuel-derived CO2 with a mean Δ14C of 66.3‰ ±1.7‰. Plants from eastern North America and from the Ohio-Maryland region showed a larger fossil fuel influence with a mean Δ14C of 58.8‰ ± 3.9‰ and 55.2‰ ± 2.3‰, respectively, corresponding to 2.7 ppm ± 1.5 ppm and 4.3 ppm ± 1.0 ppm of added fossil fuel CO2 relative to the mountain west. A model–data comparison suggests that surveys of annual plant Δ14C can provide a useful test of atmospheric mixing in transport models that are used to estimate the spatial distribution of carbon sources and sinks.

Published
2007

40. Contributors

Author

Álvarez Pérez, V., primary, Andrea, Lenzi, additional, Andreou, Eleni, additional, Ardern, Chris I., additional, Azushima, Kengo, additional, Baioumi, Alaa Youssef Ahmed Ahmed, additional, Baldari, Carlo, additional, Bell, Samantha, additional, Branco, Renato Chaves Souto, additional, Buendia, Richard, additional, Buendia Jaime, Andres Ricardo, additional, Carneiro, Everardo Magalhães, additional, Carvalho, Heráclito Barbosa, additional, Chen, Phoebe B., additional, Chiara, Marocco, additional, Chourdakis, Michael, additional, da Silva Lima, Natália, additional, De la Cruz Vigo, J.L., additional, de Matos-Neto, Emidio Marques, additional, De Moraes, Augusto César Ferreira, additional, Díaz-Güemes Martín-Portugués, I., additional, Edoardo, Mocini, additional, Greco, Emanuela A., additional, Emerenziani, Gian Pietro, additional, Fatyga, Edyta, additional, Fernandes, Renata C., additional, Figueiredo, Mariana Sarto, additional, Finch, Laura E., additional, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G., additional, Guidetti, Laura, additional, Gutierrez-Blanco, David, additional, Heianza, Yoriko, additional, Hernández Hurtado, L., additional, Ho, Suleen, additional, Hosokawa, Masashi, additional, Ilacqua, Alessandro, additional, Jane, Monica, additional, Janet Tomiyama, A., additional, Janssen-Aguilar, Reinhard, additional, Kanagasabai, Thirumagal, additional, Kang, Inhae, additional, Kerguelen, Alfonso, additional, Kichler, Kandace, additional, Kim, Yoona, additional, Kobayashi, Ryu, additional, Kokot, Teresa, additional, Krakauer, Nir Y., additional, Krakauer, Jesse C., additional, Laviada-Molina, Hugo, additional, Lee, Yunkyoung, additional, Lee, Myoungsook, additional, Llavero, Carolina, additional, Magriplis, Emmanuella, additional, Malczyk, Ewa, additional, Matikainen, Niina, additional, Matos-Azevedo, A.M., additional, McKay, Jenny, additional, Menzo, Emanuele Lo, additional, Micheletti, Thayana O., additional, Miyashita, Kazuo, additional, Molina-Segui, Fernanda, additional, Moreno, Luis A., additional, Muc-Wierzgoń, Małgorzata, additional, Nascimento-Ferreira, Marcus Vinicius, additional, Nawarycz, T., additional, Nehlig, Astrid, additional, Nuffer, Wesley, additional, Nuffer, Monika, additional, Ohki, Kohji, additional, Ostrowska-Nawarycz, L., additional, Pal, Sebely, additional, Park, Yeonhwa, additional, Pimentel, Gustavo D., additional, Pytel, K., additional, Qi, Lu, additional, Ramirez, Raquel, additional, Rendo-Urteaga, Tara, additional, Rosenthal, Raul J., additional, Ruiz-Tovar, Jaime, additional, Sánchez-Margallo, F.M., additional, Serrot, Federico, additional, Silvia, Migliaccio, additional, Söderlund, Sanni, additional, Suzuki, Toru, additional, Szomstein, Samuel, additional, Tamura, Kouichi, additional, Theodoridis, Xenophon, additional, Tiongco-Hofschneider, Lauren, additional, Torres-Leal, Francisco Leonardo, additional, Umuerri, Ejiroghene Martha, additional, Uneda, Kazushi, additional, Vettorazzi, Jean Francisco, additional, Vieira, Eduardo Emanuel Sátiro, additional, Wakui, Hiromichi, additional, Wilemska-Kucharzewska, Katarzyna, additional, Zambrano, Monica, additional, and Zampelas, Antonis, additional

Published
2019
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42. The Role of CP violation in D0 anti-D0 Mixing

Author

Blaylock, G., Seiden, Abe, and Nir, Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

In current searches for D0 anti-D0 mixing, the time evolution of ``wrong-sign'' decays is used to distinguish between a potential mixing signal and the dominant background from doubly-Cabibbo-suppressed decays. A term proportional to $\Delta Mt$ in the expression for the time evolution is often neglected in theoretical discussions and experimental analyses of these processes. We emphasize that, in general, this term does not vanish even in the case of CP invariance. Furthermore, CP invariance is likely to be violated if the rate of D0 anti-D0 mixing is close to the experimental bound. The consequence of either of these two facts is that the strongest existing measured bound is not applicable for constraining New Physics., Comment: 14 pages, uuencoded gzip-compressed postscript (84 kB)

Published
1995
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43. Using generalized cross-validation to select parameters in inversions for regional carbon fluxes

Author

Krakauer, Nir Y, Schneider, T., Randerson, J. T, and Olsen, S. C

Subjects
Atmospheric chemistry, Fluxes, Mathematical models, Optimization, Parameter estimation, Stabilization, Transport properties, Atmospheric transport models, Equatorial regions, Generalized cross-validation (GCV), TransCom 3 protocol, Carbon dioxide, atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric modeling, carbon dioxide, flux measurement, model validation
Abstract

Estimating CO2 fluxes from the pattern of atmospheric CO2 concentrations with atmospheric transport models is an ill-posed inverse problem, whose solution is stabilized using prior information. Weights assigned to prior information and to CO2 concentrations at different locations are quantified by parameters that are not well known, and differences in the choice of these parameters contribute to differences among published estimates of the regional partitioning of CO2 fluxes. Following the TransCom 3 protocol to estimate CO2 fluxes for 1992–1996, we find that the partitioning of the CO2 sink between land and oceans and between North America and Eurasia depends on parameters that quantify the relative weight given to prior flux estimates and the extent to which CO2 concentrations at different stations are differentially weighted. Parameter values that minimize an estimated prediction error can be chosen by generalized cross-validation (GCV). The GCV parameter values yield fluxes in northern regions similar to those obtained with the TransCom parameter values, but the GCV fluxes are smaller in the poorly constrained equatorial and southern regions.

Published
2004

44. Effect of Irrigation on Humid Heat Extremes

Author

Nir Y Krakauer, Benjamin I. Cook, and Michael J Puma

Subjects
Meteorology And Climatology
Abstract

Most studies of irrigation as an anthropogenic climate forcing focus on its cooling effects. However, irrigation also increases humidity, and so may not ameliorate humid heat and its extremes. We analyzed global climate model results over hot locations and seasons at high temporal resolution to estimate the impact of irrigation on humid heat extremes, quantified as different percentiles of wet-bulb temperature (T(sub w)), under contemporary conditions. We found that although irrigation reduced temperature, the median and higher percentiles of T(sub w) on average did not decrease. Increases in T(sub w) percentile values and increases in frequency of dangerous T(sub w) of several days per year due to irrigation were found in some densely populated regions, including the central United States and the Middle East, while the Ganges basin saw reduced T(sub w). Changes in T(sub w) were partly associated with the differential regional impacts of irrigation on moisture transport. These results underline the importance of considering impacts of climate forcings on humidity as well as temperature in evaluating associated effects on heat extremes.

Published
2020
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45. The Subleading Isgur-Wise Form Factor $\xi_3(v\cdot v')$ and its Implications for the Decays $\bar B\to D^{(*)}\ell\,\bar\nu$

Author

Ligeti, Z., Nir, Y., and Neubert, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We calculate, in the framework of QCD sum rules and to next-to-leading order in perturbation theory, the universal function $\xi_3(v\cdot v')$ which appears at order $1/m_Q$ in the heavy quark expansion of meson weak decay form factors. We find that radiative corrections of order $\alpha_s$ are very important. Over the kinematic range accessible in semileptonic decays, $\xi_3(v\cdot v')$ is proportional to the leading-order Isgur-Wise function $\xi(v\cdot v')$ to very good accuracy. Taking into account all sources of uncertainty, we estimate $\xi_3/\xi=(0.6\pm 0.2)$. This reduces the theoretical uncertainty in the extraction of $|\,V_{cb}|$ from $\bar B\to D\,\ell\, \bar\nu$ transitions. A measurement of the form factor ratio $A_2/A_1$ in $\bar B\to D^*\ell\,\bar\nu$ decays can be used to test our prediction., Comment: 14 pages (ReVTeX, 2 figures available), SLAC-PUB-6146, WIS-93/33/May-PH

Published
1993
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46. Do volcanic eruptions enhance or diminish net primary production? Evidence from tree rings

Author

Krakauer, Nir Y and Randerson, James T

Subjects
boreal forest, carbon sink, diffuse light, NPP, Pinatubo, tree rings, boreal forest, carbon sequestration, growth response, primary production, tree ring, volcanic eruption, Asia, Central Luzon, Eurasia, Mount Pinatubo, Philippines, Southeast Asia, Zambales, Pinatubo
Abstract

Low growth rates of atmospheric CO2 were observed following the 1991 Pinatubo (Luzon) volcanic eruption. One hypothesis for this CO2 anomaly is that since diffuse light is more efficiently used by forests than direct light, the increase in the diffuse fraction of sunlight due to scattering by volcanic sulfur aerosol in the years following the eruption substantially increased forest net primary production (NPP). However, other observations suggest a decrease in northern forest NPP because of the cooler conditions following the eruption. Here we used a global database of dated tree ring widths (which correlate with forest NPP) to test this hypothesis. Ice core records of sulfur deposition allowed us to identify the timing and magnitude of 23 Pinatubo-scale eruptions since 1000 CE. We found a significant decrease in ring width for trees in middle to high northern latitudes (north of 45°N) following eruption sulfur peaks. Decreases in tree ring widths were in the range of 2–8% and persisted for ∼8 years following sulfur peaks, with minima at around 4–6 years. Ring width changes at lower latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere (30°N to 45°N) and in the Southern Hemisphere (30°S to 56°S) were not significant. In the tropics (30°N to 30°S) the paucity of tree ring records did not permit the evaluation of NPP changes. Given that elevated aerosol levels and summer cooling last only ∼2–3 years after an eruption, the persistence of declines in northern tree growth for up to 8 years after eruptions implies some additional mechanism that links these shorter-lived global eruption effects to sustained changes in tree physiology, biogeochemistry, or microclimate. At least for this sample of trees, the beneficial effect of aerosol light scattering appears to be entirely offset by the deleterious effect of eruption-induced climate change.

Published
2003

47. Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Dry and Wet Spells in the Wadi Cheliff Basin, Algeria

Author

Mohammed Achite, Nir Y. Krakauer, Andrzej Wałęga, and Tommaso Caloiero

Subjects
drought, SPI, run theory, Sen’s estimator, Mann–Kendall, Wadi Cheliff Basin, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract

The Mediterranean Basin, located in a transition zone between the temperate and rainy climate of central Europe and the arid climate of North Africa, is considered a major hotspot of climate change, subject to water scarcity and drought. In this work, dry and wet spells have been analyzed in the Wadi Cheliff basin (Algeria) by means of annual precipitation observed at 150 rain gauges in the period 1970–2018. In particular, the characteristics of dry and wet spells (frequency, duration, severity, and intensity) have been evaluated by means of the run theory applied to the 12-month standardized precipitation index (SPI) values. Moreover, in order to detect possible tendencies in the SPI values, a trend analysis has been performed by means of two non-parametric tests, the Theil–Sen and Mann–Kendall test. The results indicated similar values of frequency, severity, duration, and intensity between the dry and the wet spells, although wet events showed higher values in the extreme. Moreover, the results of the trend analysis evidenced a different behavior between the northern side of the basin, characterized by a negative trend in the 12-month SPI values, and the southern side, in which positive trends were detected.

Published
2021
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48. Synoptic–Dynamic Patterns Affecting Iran’s Autumn Precipitation during ENSO Phase Transitions

Author

Faranak Bahrami, Abbas Ranjbar Saadatabadi, Nir Y. Krakauer, Tayyebeh Mesbahzadeh, and Farshad Soleimani Sardoo

Subjects
wave activity flux, Mediterranean storm track, Atlantic storm track, sea level pressure, precipitation anomaly, ENSO, Science
Abstract

We compared the effect on autumn (October, November, December) precipitation over Iran during two types of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phase transitions from the perspective of anomalies in wave activity flux and sea level pressure along the Atlantic–Mediterranean storm track, as well as precipitation. We used Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) to identify the transition phases of ENSO (El Niño to La Niña and also La Niña to El Niño, referred to as type 1 and type 2, respectively). Climate data during the period of 1950 to 2019 used in this study is derived from NCEP-NCAR reanalysis. In order to investigate the intensity and direction of Rossby wave trains in different ENSO transitions, we used the wave activity flux parameter, and to evaluate the statistical significance of values, we calculated Student’s t-test. The impact of the Atlantic storm track on the Mediterranean storm track was shown to be greater in type 2 transitions. Further, the existence of a stronger wave source region in the Mediterranean region during type 2 transitions was established. Results also showed the weakening of the Iceland low and Azores high pressure in type 1 transitions and the reinforcement of both in type 2, with the differences being significant at up to a 99% confidence level. Pressure values over Iran were at or below normal in type 1 years and below normal in type 2. Finally, the composite analysis of precipitation anomaly revealed that during ENSO type 1 transitions, most regions of Iran experienced low precipitation, while in type 2, the precipitation was more than average, statistically significant at 75% confidence level or higher over the northern half of the country.

Published
2021
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50. The Subleading Isgur-Wise Form Factor $\chi_3(v\cdot v')$ to Order $\alpha_s$ in QCD Sum Rules

Author

Neubert, M., Ligeti, Z., and Nir, Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We calculate the contributions arising at order $\alpha_s$ in the QCD sum rule for the spin-symmetry violating universal function $\chi_3(v\cdot v')$, which appears at order $1/m_Q$ in the heavy quark expansion of meson form factors. In particular, we derive the two-loop perturbative contribution to the sum rule. Over the kinematic range accessible in $B\to D^{(*)}\ell\,\nu$ decays, we find that $\chi_3(v\cdot v')$ does not exceed the level of $\sim 1\%$, indicating that power corrections induced by the chromo-magnetic operator in the heavy quark expansion are small., Comment: 12 pages ReVTeX, 3 figures available upon request, SLAC-PUB-6017, WIS-92/99/Dec-PH

Published
1992
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