Search

Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV) is one of the most serious pathogens harming M. salmoides juvenile, which had brought huge economic losses to farming industry. Studies involving candidate genes to the clinical diseases, however, are limited. In this study, the viral target and clinical manifestation of MSRV on M. salmoides juvenile were analyzed, and the protective effects of a single immune enhancer and a compound immune enhancer were evaluated. The results showed that the brain, liver, intestine and muscle of M. salmoides showed obvious lesions after infection with MSRV. The relative expression levels of nucleoprotein (N) and matrix protein (M) genes showed a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing and reached the peak in each tissue at 36 h post-infection. The mortality rate of M. salmoides was over 90% after 7 days of MSRV infection. The immune enhancers containing free nucleotides and Astragalus polysaccharide added to the diet effectively inhibited the replication of N and M genes in M. salmoides and increased the survival rate by 25% to 28%. This study provided basic data and theoretical reference for the analysis of the pathological mechanism and prevention and treatment of MSRV.

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is one of the key instruments on the recently launched NOAA-21 (previously known as JPSS-2) satellite. The VIIRS, like its predecessors on the SNPP and NOAA-20 satellites, provides daily global coverage in 22 spectral bands from 412 nm to 12 μm. The geometrically and radiometrically calibrated observations are the basis for many operational applications and scientific research studies. A total of 14 of the 22 bands are reflective solar bands (RSBs), covering photon wavelengths from 412 nm to 2.25 μm. The RSBs were radiometrically calibrated prelaunch and have been regularly calibrated on orbit through the onboard solar diffuser (SD) and scheduled lunar observations. The on-orbit SD’s reflectance change is determined by the onboard solar diffuser stability monitor (SDSM). We review the calibration algorithms and present the early mission performance of the NASA N21 VIIRS RSBs. Using the calibration data collected at both the yaw maneuver and regular times, we derive the screen transmittance functions. The visible and near-infrared bands’ radiometric gains have been stable, nearly independent of time, and so were the radiometric gains of the shortwave-infrared bands after the second mid-mission outgassing. Further, we assess the Earth-view striping observed in the immediate prior collection (Collection 2.0) and apply a previously developed algorithm to mitigate the striping. The N21 VIIRS RSB detector signal-to-noise ratios are all above the design values with large margins. Finally, the uncertainties of the retrieved Earth-view top-of-the-atmosphere spectral reflectance factors at the respective typical spectral radiance levels are estimated to be less than 1.5% for all the RSBs, except band M11 whose reflectance factor uncertainty is 2.2%.

Summary: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors have essential roles in neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Previously, we identified an evolutionarily conserved protein, NRAP-1, that is required for NMDA receptor (NMDAR) function in C. elegans. Here, we demonstrate that NRAP-1 was sufficient to gate NMDARs and greatly enhanced glutamate-mediated NMDAR gating, thus conferring coincident activation properties to the NMDAR. Intriguingly, vertebrate NMDARs—and chimeric NMDARs where the amino-terminal domain (ATD) of C. elegans NMDARs was replaced by the ATD from vertebrate receptors—were spontaneously active when ectopically expressed in C. elegans neurons. Thus, the ATD is a primary determinant of NRAP-1- and glutamate-mediated gating of NMDARs. We determined the crystal structure of NRAP-1 at 1.9-Å resolution, which revealed two distinct domains positioned around a central low-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain. The NRAP-1 structure, combined with chimeric and mutational analyses, suggests a model where the three NRAP-1 domains work cooperatively to modify the gating of NMDARs.

The surface of nano-TiO2 was modified by a silane coupling agent KH570, and the photosensitive resin was modified by blending the modified nano-TiO2 with three-dimensional (3D) printing light-curing resin. The modified nano-TiO2 powder was characterized by infrared spectrum, X-ray diffraction, contact angle test, and scanning electron microscope. The effects of different content of modified TiO2 on the viscosity, curing shrinkage, tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness, thermal stability, and cross-section morphology of 3D printing photosensitive resin were studied. The results showed that the mechanical properties of epoxy resin were improved obviously after surface modification with a silane coupling agent. When the mass fraction of TiO2 was 1.5%, the mechanical properties of the molded parts were the best. The tensile strength, impact strength, and elongation at break were increased by 51.1, 43.8, and 10.8%, respectively, and the hardness value was maintained at 81–83 HD. The addition of modified TiO2 can improve the heat resistance of the epoxy resin. When the amount of TiO2 is 1.5%, the T 50%, T max, and carbon residue rate of the epoxy resin are increased by 3.44°C, 6.34°C, and 25.3%, respectively.

With the continuous development of science and technology, the information age has arrived, and people have fully entered the information age. In this new era, Internet technology has achieved unprecedented development, and many innovative technologies have also been proposed. The competition in the logistics industry is becoming more and more fierce. Someone proposed the concept of intelligent logistics. This concept has been continuously expanded and the requirements have become higher and higher. Finally, an intelligent logistics management supported by the Internet of Things technology has emerged. technology. In our school's research, we mainly proposed an intelligent distribution model based on the Internet of Things. This model not only optimizes the distribution process, but also proposes an efficient distribution strategy when faced with a large amount of data. This technology mainly uses the information interaction technology in the Internet of Things, which can ensure that the average delivery speed is the fastest, the average transportation distance is the shortest, and the time consumed in the logistics transmission process is the shortest. In the decision-making process of this intelligent distribution model, we must first establish some intelligent distribution models controlled by multiple indicators. During the experiment, we built a logistics perception system and used heuristic algorithms to solve the packing problem. Answered. The mainstream solution algorithm we use genetic algorithm, a large number of experiments and data show that this algorithm is scientifically based, and it has also exerted its due effect in application. This article mainly analyzes the impact of the intelligent logistics system provided by the Internet of Things technology, and then looks forward to the future development trend of the system. We hope that through the analysis of the status quo, we can promote the further development of my country's Internet of Things technology, and also promote the further development and optimization of my country's intelligent logistics system technology.

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs) are paid much attention due to simple preparation and high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Carbon nanofiber films(CNFs) prepared by electrospinning have high specific surface area, electrical properties and chemical stability, but the application in PSCs is limited due to their brittleness. The flexible and conductive Ag/ZrO2/C composite nanofiber films were prepared by electrospinning and hydrothermal method. After that, it was applied as the counter electrode of flexible PSCs and the effect of Ag nanoparticles with different concentrations on the performance of the composite nanofiber films and the PSCs were studied. The results show that when the concentration of precursor solution rises from 0 g/mL to 0.030 g/mL, the coating effect of Ag nanoparticles on the Ag/ZrO2/C composite nanofiber improves obviously and all the composite nanofiber films display the excellent flexibility and modulus of elasticity (0.479 MPa), meanwhile, the conductivity of the films increases from 866 S/m to 4862 S/m, so as to enhance the hole-electron transport capacity of the films and the performance of flexible PSCs. When the solution concentration is 0.030 g/mL, the PSCs have best photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE) of 6.05% and optimal current density (18.44 mA/cm2). It is of great significance to further improve the performance of flexible PSCs and the application of flexible carbon nanofiber films.

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) has successfully operated on-orbit for nearly ten years since its launch in October 2011, continuously making global observations and improving studies of changes in the Earth’s climate and environment. VIIRS has 22 spectral bands, among which 14 are reflective solar bands (RSBs) covering a spectral range from 0.41 to 2.25 μm. The SNPP VIIRS RSBs are primarily calibrated by the onboard solar diffuser (SD), with its on-orbit degradation tracked by an onboard SD stability monitor (SDSM). The near-monthly scheduled lunar observations, together with the sensor responses over stable ground targets, have contributed to the sensor’s mission-long on-orbit calibration and characterization. Numerous improvements have been made in the RSB calibration methodology since SNPP VIIRS was launched, and the RSB calibration has reached a mature stage after almost ten years of on-orbit operation. SNPP is a joint NASA/NOAA mission and there are two teams, the NASA VIIRS Calibration Support Team (VCST) and the NOAA VIIRS Sensor Data Record Team, which are dedicated to SNPP VIIRS on-orbit calibration. In this paper, we focus on the calibration performed by the NASA VCST. The SNPP VIIRS RSB calibration methodologies used to produce the calibration coefficient look up tables for the latest NASA Level 1B Collection 2 products are reviewed and the calibration improvements incorporated in this collection are described. Recent calibration changes include the removal of image striping caused by non-uniform degradation of the SD, improvements to the method for combining lunar and SD data, mitigation of the effects due a recent anomaly in the SD measurements, estimation of the SD degradation beyond 935 nm, and fitting strategy improvements for look-up table delivery. Overall, the SNPP VIIRS RSBs have performed well since its launch and continue to meet design specifications.

Terra and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) have successfully operated since their launches in 1999 and 2002, respectively, and generated various data products to support the Earth remote sensing disciplines and users worldwide for their research activities and applications, including studies of the Earth system, and its changes over time and geographic regions. The MODIS data have also significantly contributed to the continuity of multi-decadal satellite data records and led to major advances in the Earth remote sensing field. The long-term data records from MODIS observations have been and will continue to be extended by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instruments, currently operated aboard the Suomi-National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (NPP) and NOAA-20 satellites. The data quality of satellite instruments strongly depends on their calibration accuracy and stability. In order to help scientists and users gain a better understanding of MODIS and VIIRS data quality, this paper provides an overview of their on-orbit calibration methodologies, approaches, and results derived from instrument on-board calibrators and lunar observations, as well as select Earth view targets. What is also discussed is the calibration consistency between MODIS and VIIRS and its potential impact on producing multi-sensor long-term data records. As illustrated, the overall performance of both MODIS and VIIRS continues to meet their design requirements.

The chemical composition of the essential oil of Etlingera yunnanensis rhizomes and its contact and repellent activities against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Liposcelis bostrychophila (Badonnel) were investigated. The essential oil obtained from E. yunnanensis rhizomes with hydrodistillation was performed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The main components of the essential oil were identified to be estragole (65.2%), β-caryophyllene (6.4%), 1,8-cineole (6.4%), limonene (5.2%), and α-pinene (2.4%). It was found that the essential oil of E. yunnanensis rhizomes possessed contact toxicity against T. castaneum and L. bostrychophila (LD50 = 23.33 μg/adult and LD50 = 47.38 μg/cm2, respectively). Estragole, 1,8-cineole, and limonene exhibited stronger contact toxicity (LD50 values of 20.41, 18.86, and 13.40 μg/adult, respectively) than β-caryophyllene (LD50 = 41.72 μg/adult) against T. castaneum adults. Estragole possessed stronger contact toxicity (LD50 = 30.22 µg/cm2) than β-caryophyllene, 1,8-cineole, and limonene (LD50 values of 74.11, 321.20, and 239.62 μg/adult, respectively) against L. bostrychophila adults. Repellency of the crude oil was also evaluated. The essential oil and constituents possessed strong repellent activity against T. castaneum adults. The four individual constituents showed weaker repellent activity than the essential oil against L. bostrychophila adults. The results indicated that the essential oil of E. yunnanensis rhizomes and the individual constituents had the potential to be developed as a natural insecticide and repellent for the control of T. castaneum and L. bostrychophila.

Sixteen compounds were isolated from the leaves and stems of Murraya tetramera Huang. Based on the NMR and MS spectral results, the structures were determined. It was confirmed that the isolated compounds included three new compounds (9, 10 and 13) and one new natural product (8), which were identified asmurratetra A (9), murratetra B (10), murratetra C (13) and [2-(7-methoxy-2-oxochromen-8-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enyl]3-methylbut-2-enoate (8), respectively. Meanwhile, the repellent activity against Tribolium castaneum was investigated for 13 of these isolated compounds. The results showed that the tested compounds had various levels of repellent activity against T. castaneum. Among them, compounds 1 (4(15)-eudesmene-1β,6α-diol), 11 (isoferulic acid) and 16 (2,3-dihydroxypropyl hexadecanoate) showed fair repellent activity against T. castaneum. They might be considered as potential leading compounds for the development of natural repellents.

During our screening program for agrochemicals from Chinese medicinal herbs and wild plants, the essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora leaves was found to possess strong fumigant and contact toxicity against Lasioderma serricorne adults with LC50/LD50 values of 2.5 mg/L air and 21.25 μg/adult, respectively. The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation was investigated by GC and GC-MS. The main components of the essential oil were identified to be D-camphor (40.54%), linalool (22.92%), cineole (11.26%), and 3,7,11-trimethyl-3-hydroxy-6,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate (4.50%). Bioactivity-directed chromatographic separation on repeated silica gel columns led to the isolation of D-camphor and linalool. D-camphor and linalool showed strong fumigant toxicity (LC50 = 2.36 and 18.04 mg/L air, resp.) and contact toxicity (LD50 = 13.44 and 12.74 μg/adult, resp.) against L. serricorne. The results indicate that the essential oil of C. camphora and its active compounds had the potential to be developed as natural fumigants and insecticides for control of L. serricorne.

In this study, the observations from S-NPP VIIRS Day-Night band (DNB) and Moderate resolution bands (M bands) of Libya 4 and Dome C over the first four years of the mission are used to assess the DNB low gain calibration stability. The Sensor Data Records produced by NASA Land Product Evaluation and Algorithm Testing Element (PEATE) are acquired from nearly nadir overpasses for Libya 4 desert and Dome C snow surfaces. A kernel-driven bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) correction model is used for both Libya 4 and Dome C sites to correct the surface BRDF influence. At both sites, the simulated top-of-atmosphere (TOA) DNB reflectances based on SCIAMACHY spectral data are compared with Land PEATE TOA reflectances based on modulated Relative Spectral Response (RSR). In the Libya 4 site, the results indicate a decrease of 1.03% in Land PEATE TOA reflectance and a decrease of 1.01% in SCIAMACHY derived TOA reflectance over the period from April 2012 to January 2016. In the Dome C site, the decreases are 0.29% and 0.14%, respectively. The consistency between SCIAMACHY and Land PEATE data trends is good. The small difference between SCIAMACHY and Land PEATE derived TOA reflectances could be caused by changes in the surface targets, atmosphere status, and on-orbit calibration. The reflectances and radiances of Land PEATE DNB are also compared with matching M bands and the integral M bands based on M4, M5, and M7. The fitting trends of the DNB to integral M bands ratios indicate a 0.75% decrease at the Libya 4 site and a 1.89% decrease at the Dome C site. Part of the difference is due to an insufficient number of sampled bands available within the DNB wavelength range. The above results indicate that the Land PEATE VIIRS DNB product is accurate and stable. The methods used in this study can be used on other satellite instruments to provide quantitative assessments for calibration stability.

The VIIRS instrument on board the S-NPP spacecraft has successfully operated for more than four years since its launch in October 2011. Many VIIRS environmental data records (EDR) have been continuously generated from its sensor data records (SDR) with improved quality, enabling a wide range of applications in support of users in both the operational and research communities. This paper provides a brief review of sensor on-orbit calibration methodologies for both the reflective solar bands (RSB) and the thermal emissive bands (TEB) and an overall assessment of their on-orbit radiometric performance using measurements from instrument on-board calibrators (OBC), as well as regularly scheduled lunar observations. It describes and illustrates changes made and to be made for calibration and data quality improvements. Throughout the mission, all of the OBC have continued to operate and function normally, allowing critical calibration parameters used in the data production systems to be derived and updated. The temperatures of the on-board blackbody (BB) and the cold focal plane assemblies are controlled with excellent stability. Despite large optical throughput degradation discovered shortly after launch in several near- and short-wave infrared spectral bands and strong wavelength-dependent solar diffuser degradation, the VIIRS overall performance has continued to meet its design requirements. Also discussed in this paper are challenging issues identified and efforts to be made to further enhance the sensor calibration and characterization, thereby maintaining or improving data quality.

Affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the international development pattern, the international environment has undergone profound changes. Enterprises, as the main body of activities on the front line of production and operation and the main battlefield of market competition, are facing various risk challenges. In both domestic and international markets, these challenges are becoming increasingly complex for businesses to navigate. For theoretical research, the impact of organizational change on employee innovation performance has become a key issue in organizational behavior and human resource management research. However, the influence mechanism of organizational change on employee innovation performance is still unclear. In this study, we examine whether, how, and when organizational change increases employee innovation performance in accordance with job demands-resource theory, as well as the effect of work pressure and work engagement on employee innovation performance. Data from 289 employees at three time points are examined. The results show that: (1) Organizational change negatively affects employee innovation performance through work pressure, i.e., work pressure mediates the impact of organizational change on employee innovation performance. (2) Organizational change positively affects employee innovation performance through work engagement, i.e., work engagement mediates the impact of organizational change on employee innovation performance. (3) Organizational identity plays a moderating role between organizational change and work pressure and work engagement, respectively, and there is a moderating effect in the process of mediation of work pressure and work engagement. The findings of this study provide important insights into how and when organizational change influences employee innovation performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]