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Indonesia is a country which has a different altitude within the landscape. Indonesian lowland altitude is fewer than 200 MASL which in turn makes those places prone to flooding. This problem becomes a scourge for rice farmers; therefore, it is urged to take action to maintain food security in Indonesia. Indonesia has many local rice varieties. Based on their morphological and anatomical studies, some of those varieties predicted to have some capability stand over inundations. Submergence-1A (Sub1A) has been reported to be responsible for inundation tolerance. The expression of the Sub1A gene let the rice to survive up to 14 days under inundation stress. The purpose of this study was to look up the presence of the Sub1A gene in Indonesian local rice varieties to find inundation tolerant rice variety. Sub1A gene amplified using PCR with gene-specific primers followed by electrophoresis on 1% agarose. The result of this study has found the Sub1A gene in some rice varieties proved by the presence of specific DNA fragment band.

Indonesia home of abundant indigenous and hybrid rice varieties. The phenomenon of phenotipic-plasticity allows varieties or even the same species to exhibit different phenotypic characteristics when planted in different locations. Thus, the identification based on phenotypic characters is needed to be supported by genetic data. The aim of this research was to unveil the relationship between local rice varieties provided from East Java, Banten, and Samarinda based on matK and rbcL genes. Total DNA from leaves were used as template for amplification of both genes. Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using Neighbour-Joining (NJ) models in Kimura-2 parameters with 1000 bootstraps. The phylogenetic analysis using matK proved that rice varieties from East Java were closely related to rice varieties from Banten rather than to rice varieties from Samarinda. Meanwhile the same study using the rbcL gave inconsistent results

Indonesia possesses vast coastal agricultural land areas with high salinity. This high salinity is a threat to rice productivity which may decrease to 79.8%. Banten province of Indonesia houses many local rice varieties which have salinity tolerance potency based on its agronomical characters. The adaptability of rice plant in high salinity soil can be affected by OsDREB2A gene, which encodes transcription factors from several salt-tolerant signaling pathway genes. The aims of this study were to find out the possible polymorphism of OsDREB2A gene from Banten local rice varieties. The polymorphism of OsDREB2A analyzed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) and possible molecular structure. OsDREB2A gene was amplified using DNA from Tambleng, Bulu Putih, and Pare Caok varieties as templates through PCR method with a pair of specific primers. DNA fragments obtained were analyzed by means of series of analysis software. From those analysis we obtained 840 bp, 836 bp, and 850 bp gene fragments from Tambleng, Bulu Putih, and Pare Caok varieties, respectively. There is polymorphism of OsDREB2A due to some mutation yet does not massively alter its protein structure. From this study, we suggest that Tambleng, Bulu Putih, and Pare Caok varieties potential for salinity stress resistance genetically.