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2. On the Use of Growth Models to Study Normal Cognitive Aging

Author

Ghisletta, Paolo, Mason, Fabio, von Oertzen, Timo, Hertzog, Christopher, Nilsson, Lars-Göran, and Lindenberger, Ulman

Abstract

Growth models (GM) of the mixed-effects and latent curve varieties have become popular methodological tools in lifespan research. One of the major advantages of GM is their flexibility in studying individual differences in change. We scrutinized the change functions of GM used in five years of publications on cognitive aging. Of the 162 publications that we identified, 88% test linear or quadratic polynomials, and fewer than 5% apply functions that are nonlinear in their parameters, such as exponential decline. This apparent bias in favor of polynomial decomposition calls for exploring what conclusions about individual differences in change are likely to be drawn if one applies linear or quadratic GMs to data simulated under a conceptually and empirically plausible model of exponential cognitive decline from adulthood to old age. Hence, we set up a simulation that manipulated the rate of exponential decline, measurement reliability, number of occasions, interval width, and sample size. True rate of decline and interval width influenced results strongly, number of occasions and measurement reliability exerted a moderate effect, and the effects of sample size appeared relatively minor. Critically, our results show that fit statistics generally do not differentiate misspecified linear or quadratic models from the true exponential model. Moreover, power to detect variance in change for the linear and quadratic GMs is low, and estimates of individual differences in level and change can be highly biased by model misspecification. We encourage researchers to also consider plausible nonlinear change functions when studying behavioral development across the lifespan.

Published
2020
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6. The Multifold Relationship between Memory and Decision Making: An Individual-Differences Study

Author

Del Missier, Fabio, Mäntylä, Timo, Hansson, Patrik, Bruine de Bruin, Wändi, Parker, Andrew M., and Nilsson, Lars-Göran

Abstract

Several judgment and decision-making tasks are assumed to involve memory functions, but significant knowledge gaps on the memory processes underlying these tasks remain. In a study on 568 adults between 25 and 80 years of age, hypotheses were tested on the specific relationships between individual differences in working memory, episodic memory, and semantic memory, respectively, and 6 main components of decision-making competence. In line with the hypotheses, working memory was positively related with the more cognitively demanding tasks (Resistance to Framing, Applying Decision Rules, and Under/Overconfidence), whereas episodic memory was positively associated with a more experience-based judgment task (Recognizing Social Norms). Furthermore, semantic memory was positively related with 2 more knowledge-based decision-making tasks (Consistency in Risk Perception and Resistance to Sunk Costs). Finally, the age-related decline observed in some of the decision-making tasks was (partially or totally) mediated by the age-related decline in working memory or episodic memory. These findings are discussed in relation to the functional roles fulfilled by different memory processes in judgment and decision-making tasks.

Published
2013
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11. The ENIGMA Consortium: large-scale collaborative analyses of neuroimaging and genetic data

Author

Thompson, Paul M., Stein, Jason L., Medland, Sarah E., Hibar, Derrek P., Vasquez, Alejandro Arias, Renteria, Miguel E., Toro, Roberto, Jahanshad, Neda, Schumann, Gunter, Franke, Barbara, Wright, Margaret J., Martin, Nicholas G., Agartz, Ingrid, Alda, Martin, Alhusaini, Saud, Almasy, Laura, Almeida, Jorge, Alpert, Kathryn, Andreasen, Nancy C., Andreassen, Ole A., Apostolova, Liana G., Appel, Katja, Armstrong, Nicola J., Aribisala, Benjamin, Bastin, Mark E., Bauer, Michael, Bearden, Carrie E., Bergmann, Ørjan, Binder, Elisabeth B., Blangero, John, Bockholt, Henry J., Bøen, Erlend, Bois, Catherine, Boomsma, Dorret I., Booth, Tom, Bowman, Ian J., Bralten, Janita, Brouwer, Rachel M., Brunner, Han G., Brohawn, David G., Buckner, Randy L., Buitelaar, Jan, Bulayeva, Kazima, Bustillo, Juan R., Calhoun, Vince D., Cannon, Dara M., Cantor, Rita M., Carless, Melanie A., Caseras, Xavier, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Chakravarty, M. Mallar, Chang, Kiki D., Ching, Christopher R. K., Christoforou, Andrea, Cichon, Sven, Clark, Vincent P., Conrod, Patricia, Coppola, Giovanni, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Curran, Joanne E., Czisch, Michael, Deary, Ian J., de Geus, Eco J. C., den Braber, Anouk, Delvecchio, Giuseppe, Depondt, Chantal, de Haan, Lieuwe, de Zubicaray, Greig I., Dima, Danai, Dimitrova, Rali, Djurovic, Srdjan, Dong, Hongwei, Donohoe, Gary, Duggirala, Ravindranath, Dyer, Thomas D., Ehrlich, Stefan, Ekman, Carl Johan, Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn, Emsell, Louise, Erk, Susanne, Espeseth, Thomas, Fagerness, Jesen, Fears, Scott, Fedko, Iryna, Fernández, Guillén, Fisher, Simon E., Foroud, Tatiana, Fox, Peter T., Francks, Clyde, Frangou, Sophia, Frey, Eva Maria, Frodl, Thomas, Frouin, Vincent, Garavan, Hugh, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Glahn, David C., Godlewska, Beata, Goldstein, Rita Z., Gollub, Randy L., Grabe, Hans J., Grimm, Oliver, Gruber, Oliver, Guadalupe, Tulio, Gur, Raquel E., Gur, Ruben C., Göring, Harald H. H., Hagenaars, Saskia, Hajek, Tomas, Hall, Geoffrey B., Hall, Jeremy, Hardy, John, Hartman, Catharina A., Hass, Johanna, Hatton, Sean N., Haukvik, Unn K., Hegenscheid, Katrin, Heinz, Andreas, Hickie, Ian B., Ho, Beng-Choon, Hoehn, David, Hoekstra, Pieter J., Hollinshead, Marisa, Holmes, Avram J., Homuth, Georg, Hoogman, Martine, Hong, L. Elliot, Hosten, Norbert, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E., Hwang, Kristy S., Jack, Jr, Clifford R., Jenkinson, Mark, Johnston, Caroline, Jönsson, Erik G., Kahn, René S., Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Kelly, Sinead, Kim, Sungeun, Kochunov, Peter, Koenders, Laura, Krämer, Bernd, Kwok, John B. J., Lagopoulos, Jim, Laje, Gonzalo, Landen, Mikael, Landman, Bennett A., Lauriello, John, Lawrie, Stephen M., Lee, Phil H., Le Hellard, Stephanie, Lemaître, Herve, Leonardo, Cassandra D., Li, Chiang-shan, Liberg, Benny, Liewald, David C., Liu, Xinmin, Lopez, Lorna M., Loth, Eva, Lourdusamy, Anbarasu, Luciano, Michelle, Macciardi, Fabio, Machielsen, Marise W. J., MacQueen, Glenda M., Malt, Ulrik F., Mandl, René, Manoach, Dara S., Martinot, Jean-Luc, Matarin, Mar, Mather, Karen A., Mattheisen, Manuel, Mattingsdal, Morten, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, McDonald, Colm, McIntosh, Andrew M., McMahon, Francis J., McMahon, Katie L., Meisenzahl, Eva, Melle, Ingrid, Milaneschi, Yuri, Mohnke, Sebastian, Montgomery, Grant W., Morris, Derek W., Moses, Eric K., Mueller, Bryon A., Muñoz Maniega, Susana, Mühleisen, Thomas W., Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Mwangi, Benson, Nauck, Matthias, Nho, Kwangsik, Nichols, Thomas E., Nilsson, Lars-Göran, Nugent, Allison C., Nyberg, Lars, Olvera, Rene L., Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ophoff, Roel A., Pandolfo, Massimo, Papalampropoulou-Tsiridou, Melina, Papmeyer, Martina, Paus, Tomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Pearlson, Godfrey D., Penninx, Brenda W., Peterson, Charles P., Pfennig, Andrea, Phillips, Mary, Pike, G. Bruce, Poline, Jean-Baptiste, Potkin, Steven G., Pütz, Benno, Ramasamy, Adaikalavan, Rasmussen, Jerod, Rietschel, Marcella, Rijpkema, Mark, Risacher, Shannon L., Roffman, Joshua L., Roiz-Santiañez, Roberto, Romanczuk-Seiferth, Nina, Rose, Emma J., Royle, Natalie A., Rujescu, Dan, Ryten, Mina, Sachdev, Perminder S., Salami, Alireza, Satterthwaite, Theodore D., Savitz, Jonathan, Saykin, Andrew J., Scanlon, Cathy, Schmaal, Lianne, Schnack, Hugo G., Schork, Andrew J., Schulz, S. Charles, Schür, Remmelt, Seidman, Larry, Shen, Li, Shoemaker, Jody M., Simmons, Andrew, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smith, Colin, Smoller, Jordan W., Soares, Jair C., Sponheim, Scott R., Sprooten, Emma, Starr, John M., Steen, Vidar M., Strakowski, Stephen, Strike, Lachlan, Sussmann, Jessika, Sämann, Philipp G., Teumer, Alexander, Toga, Arthur W., Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Diana, Trabzuni, Daniah, Trost, Sarah, Turner, Jessica, Van den Heuvel, Martijn, van der Wee, Nic J., van Eijk, Kristel, van Erp, Theo G. M., van Haren, Neeltje E. M., van ‘t Ent, Dennis, van Tol, Marie-Jose, Valdés Hernández, Maria C., Veltman, Dick J., Versace, Amelia, Völzke, Henry, Walker, Robert, Walter, Henrik, Wang, Lei, Wardlaw, Joanna M., Weale, Michael E., Weiner, Michael W., Wen, Wei, Westlye, Lars T., Whalley, Heather C., Whelan, Christopher D., White, Tonya, Winkler, Anderson M., Wittfeld, Katharina, Woldehawariat, Girma, Wolf, Christiane, Zilles, David, Zwiers, Marcel P., Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Schofield, Peter R., Freimer, Nelson B., Lawrence, Natalia S., Drevets, Wayne, and the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, EPIGEN Consortium, IMAGEN Consortium, Saguenay Youth Study (SYS) Group

Published
2014
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13. Contributors

Author

Austin, James T., primary, Beas, B. Sofia, additional, Berg, Cynthia A., additional, Bizon, Jennifer L., additional, Bruckner, Rasmus, additional, Bruine de Bruin, Wändi, additional, Burns, Edith, additional, Carpenter, Stephanie M., additional, Chin, Jessie, additional, Del Missier, Fabio, additional, Denburg, Natalie L., additional, Diefenbach, Michael A., additional, Eppinger, Ben, additional, Gutierrez, Helen C., additional, Hanoch, Yaniv, additional, Hedgcock, William M., additional, Herold, Jenna, additional, Hershey, Douglas A., additional, Hess, Thomas M., additional, Johnson, Eric J., additional, Josef, Anika K., additional, Lemaire, Patrick, additional, Leventhal, Howard, additional, Leventhal, Elaine A., additional, Li, Ye, additional, Liu, Pi-Ju, additional, Löckenhoff, Corinna E., additional, Lowrance, William, additional, Mäntylä, Timo, additional, Mata, Rui, additional, Mikels, Joseph A., additional, Morrow, Daniel, additional, Nilsson, Lars-Göran, additional, Parker, Andrew M., additional, Queen, Tara L., additional, Rutt, Joshua L., additional, Samanez-Larkin, Gregory R., additional, Setlow, Barry, additional, Shuster, Michael M., additional, Strough, JoNell, additional, Thai, Sydney T., additional, Weber, Elke U., additional, Wood, Stacey, additional, Yoon, Carolyn, additional, and Zaval, Lisa, additional

Published
2015
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37. Expanded hemodialysis as effective alternative to on‐line hemodiafiltration: A randomized mid‐term clinical trial.

Author

Hadad‐Arrascue, Fernando, Nilsson, Lars‐Göran, Rivera, Angela S., Bernardo, Angelito A., and Cabezuelo Romero, Juan B.

Subjects
HEMODIAFILTRATION, CLINICAL trials, IMMUNOGLOBULIN light chains, ALBUMINS
Abstract

Expanded hemodialysis (HDx), using medium cut‐off membrane, is a novel therapy that effectively clears middle molecules (MMs). We aimed to compare HDx to hemodiafiltration (HDF) in an open randomized clinical study. Patients currently on HDF (age 18–80 years; on HDF >3 months) were randomized to switch to HDx (N = 21) or continue HDF (N = 22) with a 24‐week follow‐up. Pre‐ to post‐dialysis reduction ratios (RR) and changes in pre‐dialysis levels over time were evaluated for MMs and clinical biomarkers. Use of erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents (ESAs) was assessed. HDx showed greater RR for YKL‐40 while RR appeared similar between groups for beta2‐microglobulin, FGF‐23, and free light chains. Intradialytic changes in inflammatory biomarkers (IL‐6, CRP, PTX3) did not differ between therapies. Changes from baseline to 12 and 24 weeks did not differ between groups for MMs, inflammatory markers, albumin, fibrinogen, hemoglobin, PTH, and phosphorus. Use of ESAs tended to decrease in HDx arm while remaining stable in HDF arm. HDx appeared safe with similar clinical effectiveness as HDF. With fewer requirements and resource needs, HDx provides an attractive alternative to HDF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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41. TO012HOW DIFFERENT IS THE CLEARANCE OF LARGE MIDDLE MOLECULES AND INFLAMMATORY MARKERS FROM EXPANDED HEMODIALYSIS THERAPY COMPARED TO ONLINE HEMODIAFILTRATION?

Author

Hadad Arrascue, Fernando, primary, Nilsson, Lars-Göran, primary, Bernardo, Angelito, primary, Rivera, Angela, primary, Guardiola Belmonte,, Lourdes, primary, Rosique, Florentina, primary, Andreu Muñoz, Alberto, primary, Perez Perez, Antonio, primary, and Cabezuelo-Romero, Juan, primary

Published
2020
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