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Background Menopause, the absence of ovarian sex steroids, is frequently accompanied by emotional and physiological changes in a woman´s body, as well as oral health changes. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between the periodontal health status and emotional and physical well-being among postmenopausal women (PMW) in comparison with regularly menstruating premenopausal women (RMPW). Methods A total of 115 women (PMW, n = 56, mean age ± SD: 54 ± 5; RMPW, n = 59, mean age ± SD: 41 ± 4) received a comprehensive medical assessment and a full-mouth oral examination. All completed the Women’s Health Questionnaire (WHQ) to measure emotional and physical well-being. The corresponding bone mineral density (BMD) scores were obtained from participants´ medical records. Results Tooth loss was significantly higher in PMW than RMPW after adjusting for age (3.88 ± 2.41 vs 2.14 ± 2.43, p p > 0.05). The prevalence of periodontitis was associated with fewer daily brushing sessions in PMW (p = 0.021). Based on the WHQ, both PMW and RMPW with periodontitis had higher ‘’depressed mood’’ scores compared to periodontally healthy women (p = 0.06 and p = 0.038, respectively). The women who reported fewer daily toothbrushing sessions found to have higher depressive mood scores (p = 0.043). Conclusions Presence of periodontitis is associated with the emotional and physical well-being of women and reinforcement of oral healtcare is recommended at different stages of a woman’s life including menopause to reduce the risk for early tooth loss in women.

Anterior veya premolar bolgedeki dis kayiplarinin implant destekli restorasyonlarinda, dogal dis gorunumune benzer gorunum elde etmek icin yeterli sert ve yumusak doku hacmine ihtiyac duyulmaktadir. Cekim sonrasi gerceklesen demet kemik rezorpsiyonunun sebep oldugu boyutsal degisiklikleri onlemek veya gidermek amaciyla sert ve yumusak dokuyu korumaya ve artirmaya yonelik tanimlanmis bircok yontem mevcuttur. Bu makalede sunulan ust premolar dis eksikligi vakasi, cekim sonrasi gerceklesen alveol kemik rezorpsiyonunu sinirlamak amaciyla bukkal kok parcasinin sokette birakilmasi prensibine dayanan 'soket zirhi' yontemi ile beraber, ayni seans implant uygulamasi ile rehabilite edilmistir. Vakanin protetik yukleme sonrasi 6 aylik takibinde bolgede inflamasyonun olmadigi, optimal estetik sonucun elde edildigi stabil durum elde edilmis, soket zirhi yonteminin estetik gereksinimin yuksek oldugu bolgelerde uygulanabilecek bir tedavi secenegi oldugu sonucuna ulasilmistir. Anahtar kelimeler: Implant, soket koruma SOCKET SHIELD TECHNIQUE WITH IMMEDIATE IMPLANT PLACEMENT: A CASE REPORT ABSTRACT To achieve optimal esthetic results with implant rehabilitation of anterior and premolar regions, sufficient amounts of bone and soft tissue are requisite. This may be compramised as a result of alveolar bone remodelling following tooth extraction. One of the identified techniques that aim to preserve bundle bone resorption following extraction is 'socket shield'. This is a technique which is characterized by the retention of buccal fragment of the root in the socket. In this clinical case report, implant rehabilitation of an upper first premolar tooth deficiency with socket shield technique is presented. After 6 months follow-up period, stabilized results without inflammation and with optimal esthetics were achieved. Consequently, socket shield technique may be a reliable technique to perform with simultaneous implant placement in anterior region to obtain better esthetic results.

The combination of local and systemic factors play role in the pathogenesis of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Host-derived enzymes, cytokines and other proinflammatory mediators play an integral role in this destruction. The aim of this study is to evaluate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implant crevicular (PICF) fluid levels of sclerostin, TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-beta ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin OPG in periodontal and peri-implant tissues in disease and health conditions and also to assess the potential for use as biomarkers.The study population was consisted of 50 women and 41 men, in the total of 91 individuals, with a mean age of 51.84 ± 14.05. Periodontitis (n = 22), periodontal health (n = 17), peri-implantitis (n = 27) and peri-implant health (n = 25) groups were established according to clinical and radiographic examination results of 39 teeth and 52 implants restored with fixed prosthetic restorations. In all groups, periodontal and peri-implant parameters (probing depth, gingival recession, gingival bleeding time index, gingival index, and plaque index) were recorded and GCF and PICF samples were also collected. Sclerostin, TWEAK, RANKL and OPG levels in GCF and PICF were measured with ELISA tests.Peri-implantitis group presented significantly higher levels of Sclerostin (p = 0.002), TWEAK(p 0.0001), RANKL(p 0.0001), and OPG (p = 0.037) compared to peri-implant health group. Similarly, significantly higher levels of TWEAK (p = 0.001), RANKL(p 0.0001), and OPG(p = 0.025) were detected in periodontitis group when compared to periodontal health group. Statistically significant correlations were also noted between biochemical parameters and clinical parameters.Findings of this study evaluating four different bone metabolism related proteins at the same time, suggests levels of sclerostin may be a biomarker for peri-implant disease presenting significantly higher levels in the peri-implantitis group than in the peri-implant health group. Moreover, levels of TWEAK can be a good indicator for both periodontal and peri-implant disease, due to the correlations with periodontal clinical parameters and the higher levels of TWEAK in diseased sites compared to the healthy sites for both dental implants and teeth.