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Background: Since the establishment of the International Health Promotion Hospitals (HPH) in 2006, standards have been designed to evaluate this network. Based on the request of the General Assembly of HPH, the new standards have been revised in 2020 to be in harmony with the new global strategy of HPH for the years 2021-2025. The present study was conducted to translate the original version of the self-evaluation form of HPH and to determine its validity and reliability in Iranian society. Methods: The standard process of forward and backward translation was followed after that to determine the face validity of the Persian version of HPH standards, fifteen experts from ten hospitals in five major cities in Iran (Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Shiraz and Hamadan) gave their opinions about 86 standard statements based on a five-point Likert scale, and the impact score was calculated. For determining content validity, both the content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were used. Results: All 86 standard statements of the five main standards had an impact score higher than 1.5. Also, regarding CVR, all 86 standard statements had a score higher than 0.49 (the minimum plausible score based on Lawshe's table). Finally, after calculating the CVI, all the standard statements had a CVI higher than 0.8, which indicated a very good content validity index for all the items. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, the Persian form of the 2020 HPH standards is valid enough to be used in Iranian hospitals and health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Self-care of adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the challenges of the health care system. CHD is a common chronic disease that affects the quality of life (QoL) and self-efficacy of adolescents. This study compares the effectiveness of self-care education by face-to-face method and video clip (VC) on self-efficacy and QoL in late adolescents with CHD. Methods: This research was a non-randomized clinical trial. A total of 111 late adolescents aged 18 to 21 years with CHD referred to Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical, and Research Center in Tehran, Iran, were recruited by convenience sampling and non-randomly assigned to either control, face-to-face (F2F), or VC groups (37 subjects in each group). The F2F group participated in two educational sessions (each lasted 35-45 minutes) with an interval of one week, and the VC group received a 90-minute video to watch at home. The study data were collected before (T1) and two months after the intervention (T2), using the Generalized Self-Efficacy (GSE) scale and World Health Organization's Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and analyzed in SPSS version 19 software using the Chi-square test, Fisher test, paired t test, Scheffé test, and ANOVA. The significance level was set at P<0.05. Results: Before the intervention, demographic variables, self-efficacy, and QoL were not significantly different in the three groups. The self-efficacy significantly increased in the F2F (P<0.004) and VC groups (P<0.031) at T2. Furthermore, QoL dimensions significantly improved in the F2F and VC groups (P<0.05), except for the environment dimension (P>0.05). Conclusion: Self-care education through F2F and VC significantly affects the self-efficacy and QoL of late adolescents. Such educational programs can greatly reduce the possible complications of the disease by empowering this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has presented unique challenges to healthcare systems the world over. The management of the current pandemic places a huge strain on healthcare sectors and demands new strategies on a global level. We herein review the latest epidemiologic data on the COVID‐19 pandemic, the Iranian healthcare system's response, and the impact on cardiac surgery practice in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Since the establishment of the International Health Promotion Hospitals (HPH) in 2006, standards have been designed to evaluate this network. Based on the request of the General Assembly of HPH, the new standards have been revised in 2020 to be in harmony with the new global strategy of HPH for the years 2021-2025. The present study was conducted to translate the original version of the self-evaluation form of HPH and to determine its validity and reliability in Iranian society., Methods: The standard process of forward and backward translation was followed after that to determine the face validity of the Persian version of HPH standards, fifteen experts from ten hospitals in five major cities in Iran (Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Shiraz and Hamadan) gave their opinions about 86 standard statements based on a five-point Likert scale, and the impact score was calculated. For determining content validity, both the content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were used., Results: All 86 standard statements of the five main standards had an impact score higher than 1.5. Also, regarding CVR, all 86 standard statements had a score higher than 0.49 (the minimum plausible score based on Lawshe's table). Finally, after calculating the CVI, all the standard statements had a CVI higher than 0.8, which indicated a very good content validity index for all the items., Conclusions: According to the results of this study, the Persian form of the 2020 HPH standards is valid enough to be used in Iranian hospitals and health services., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2023 International Journal of Preventive Medicine.)

Background: The superior type of sinus venosus atrial septal defect (SVASD) is a rare form of the atrial septal defect (ASD) in which the upper part of the atrial septum does not exist. The presence of other cardiac anomalies such as anomalous pulmonary venous connections has been reported in this type of congenital heart disease. This study aimed to assess the presence of the patent foramen ovale (PFO) in patients with the superior type of SVASD. Methods: This retrospective case-control study on 387 patients, consisting of 187 patients with a definite SVASD and 200 patients with problems other than the ASD, was conducted in Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center between February 2005 and July 2014. Seven patients with inadequate data were excluded from the analysis. The presence/absence of the PFO was also evaluated in the case and control groups. Results: The analyses were performed on 182 male and 198 female patients at a mean age of 39.07±14.41 and 51.01±15.80 years in the case and control groups, respectively. The PFO was significantly more frequent in the patients with the superior type of SVASD than in those without the condition (P<0.001). The persistence of the left superior vena cava was seen in 34 out of 180 patients with SVASD and in 1 out of 200 patients without the condition (18.9% vs 0.5%; P<0.001). Conclusion: This study was the first to highlight the coexistence of the PFO and the superior type of SVASD. Physiological, genetic, or fetal factors may play an important role in the association between the PFO and the SVASD., (Copyright © 2020 Tehran University of Medical Sciences.)

Background: According to the World Health Organization, hospitals should assess their internal wards to improve health promotion services using self-assessment tools. To achieve this goal, standards of health promoting hospitals have been developed by the World Health Organization, and measurable elements and indicators have been defined to facilitate the practical application of these standards in planning, implementation, and evaluation of health promotion in hospitals. Moreover, a form has been developed for this self-assessment. Considering linguistic and cultural differences in various countries, standards must be written in equivalent texts and, then, their content and face validity should be examined. Performing this process in a systemic and scientific way can guarantee that the same tools have been used, and thus the results obtained from different hospitals are comparable. Methods: After the preparation phase (considering research aim, obtaining permission from the original designers, and determining the time), the following activities were done: translating the form from its original language to the target language, combining and compiling initial translations to a single translation, reversing the final version of the translation from the target language to the original language, obtaining cognitive information, revising and concluding, and determining the content and face validity of the translated form and final report. After filling in the form, face validity was calculated using impact score formula. Content validity was measured using content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI). Results: After calculating the impact score, all 40 items showed a high impact score greater than 1.5, representing the fact that all items are important. The minimum value of CVR for each of the 40 items was estimated to be 0.64; CVI of all items was greater than 0.79. Conclusion: Given the input of the standards of health promoting hospitals affiliated to the World Health Organization in National Accreditation of Iranian hospitals, the form was translated and found to be valid according to content and face validity and is available in Persian to be used in Iranian hospitals (Appendix 1).