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This monograph is a comprehensive study of the Institute of restrictions of land turnover and prospects of its development in the Russian legislation. The book is addressed to students, undergraduates, graduate students, teachers of law schools and faculties, as well as practicing lawyers.

Introduction: Cardioplegic cardiac arrest with subsequent ischemic-reperfusion injuries can lead to the development of inflammation of the myocardium, leucocyte activation, and release of cardiac enzymes. Flow reduction to the bronchial arteries, causing low-flow lung ischemia, leads to the development of a pulmonary regional inflammatory response. Hypoventilation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is responsible for development of microatelectasis, hydrostatic pulmonary edema, poor compliance, and a higher incidence of infection. Based on these facts, prevention methods of these complications were developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate constant coronary perfusion (CCP) and the “beating heart” in combination with pulmonary artery perfusion (PAP) and “ventilated lungs” technique for heart and lung protection in cardiac surgery with CPB.Methods. After ethical approval and written informed consent, 80 patients undergoing cardiac surgery with normothermic CPB were randomized in three groups. In the first group (22 patients), the crystalloid cardioplegia without lung ventilation/perfusion techniques were used. In the second group (30 patients), the CCP and “beating heart” without lung ventilation/perfusion techniques were used. In the third group (28 patients), the CCP with PAP and lung ventilation techniques were used. Clinical, functional parameters, myocardial damage markers (CK MB level), oxygenation index, and lung compliance were investigated.Results. There were higher rates of spontaneous cardiac recovery and lower doses of inotrops in the second and third groups. Myocardial contractility function was better preserved in the second and third groups. The post-operative levels of CK-MB were lower than in control group. Three hours after surgery CK-MB levels in the second and third groups were lower by 38.1% and 33.3%, respectively. Eight hours after surgery, CK-MB levels were lower in the second and third groups by 45.9% and 47.7%, respectively. 24 hours after surgery, CK-MB levels were lower in the second and third groups by 42.0% and 42.6%, respectively, and lower by 29.7% and 27.4% 48 hours after surgery, respectively. Normalization of CK-MB levels were registered earlier in second and third groups (within 24 hours) than the control group. Oxygenation index and lung compliance were significantly higher in the third group after CPB.Conclusion. Our technique improved myocardial and lung function in patients, but larger prospective randomized trials are needed to definitively assess the protective effects of this technique.

Legal designs "purpose" and "allowed use" are present at all branches of the nature-resource right and reflect objectively existing requirement of establishment of the general and special legal regimes of natural resources. The general legal regime of lands is defined by means of division of land fund into categories. The special legal regime assumes establishment of features of use and protection of the land plots of this or that category of lands within additional legal regulation by means of institute of zoning of territories and institute of allowed use of the land plots. Definition of types of allowed use of the land plots can be considered as specifying in relation to a categorization and zoning a way of management and definition of a legal regime of lands and other natural resources. The similar principle takes place and in other nature-resource branches of the right where it is formulated legislatively.

Gaussian traffic models are widely used in the domain of network traffic modeling. The central assumption is that traffic aggregates are Gaussian distributed. Due to its importance, the Gaussian character of network traffic has been extensively assessed by researchers in the past years. In 2001, researchers showed that the property of Gaussianity can be disturbed by traffic bursts. However, assumptions on network infrastructure and traffic composition made by the authors back in 2001 are not consistent with those of today's networks. The goal of this paper is to study the impact of traffic bursts on the degree of Gaussianity of network traffic. We identify traffic bursts, uncover applications and hosts that generate them and, ultimately, relate these findings to the Gaussianity degree of the traffic expressed by a goodness-of-fit factor. In our analysis we use recent traffic captures from 2011 and 2012. Our results show that Gaussianity can be directly linked to the presence or absence of extreme traffic bursts. In addition, we also show that even in a more homogeneous network, where hosts have similar access speeds to the Internet, we can identify extreme traffic bursts that might compromise Gaussianity fit.

We demonstrate that in a future converged network scenario, it may be beneficial to allow selection of 802.11 variant based on application requirements. We analyse traces from the campus network from the University of Twente, comprising ~5000 users. We have evaluated a performance envelope derived from testbed experiments for individual IEEE 802.11 variants and compare these with the traffic patterns from the campus network. From our comparison, we find that specific IEEE 802.11 variants (e.g. 802.11g or 802.11n) may be better suited to specific applications, such as video streaming, rather than using a single WLAN standard for all traffic.

Telemetry is an important function of the Internet of Things as it is being developed and deployed today. Of particular interest within this area are energy monitoring services. In this paper we describe Watts App, a social telemetry gathering and comparison platform, which was built as a demonstrator that integrates technologies from embedded systems to mobile applications. We used the SNMP protocol stack developed for the Contiki embedded operating system to retrieve telemetry information from a hardware interface that reads data from S0 meters (e.g., power meters, fluid meters). A web interface and an Android mobile application lets users view this data. To ensure privacy of users' data, it is only stored at users' own premises and all communication takes place over encrypted connections. This paper provides an overview of the implementation of Watts App.

The IETF has developed several solutions that promote IPv4 and IPv6 co-existence, but they need to be thoroughly tested on a large scale, before they can actually be considered as viable solutions. In the following study we present an experimental evaluation of the two popular transitioning technologies: NAT64 and Dual-Stack Lite. Our first goal is to identify how well current applications, protocols and online services interoperate with these technologies and to detect their potential failures. Our second goal is to use a stream-oriented flow query language NFQL, to formulate queries that can find those failures by scanning through traces of NetFlow records. We identified several applications that fail under NAT64, and we analyze how to detect these failures in an automated fashion.

Network flow data is widely used to analyze the protocol mix forwarded by a router or to identify anomalies that may be caused by hardware and software failures, configuration errors, or intrusion attempts. The goal of our research is to find application signatures in network flow traces that can be used to pinpoint certain applications, such as specific web browsers, mail clients, or media-players. Our starting point is the hypothesis that popular applications generate application specific flow signatures. In order to verify our hypothesis, we recorded traffic traces of several applications and we subsequently analyzed the traces to identify flow signatures of these applications. The flow signatures were formalized as queries of a stream-based flow query language. The queries have been executed on several flow traces in order to evaluate our approach.

Internet traffic analysis via flow records is an important task for network operators. There is a variety of applications, targeted at identifying, filtering or aggregating flows based on certain criteria. Most of these applications exhibit certain limitations when it comes to the identification of complex network activities. To overcome some of these limitations, a new flow query language has been proposed recently, which allows to express complex time relationships between flows. In this paper, we describe a prototype implementation of this query language and we evaluate its performance.