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Bei nichtinfektiosem Versagen von Kniegelenkendoprothesen mit Metall-Polyethylen-Gleitpaarung liegen Fallbeschreibungen mit ausgepragten periimplantaren entzundlichen Reaktionen und Nekrosenbildungen vor. Aufgrund der histopathologischen Ahnlichkeiten zu den dysfunktionellen Metall-auf-Metall(MoM)-Huftgelenkendoprothesen wird der Typus einer MoM-ahnlichen-Reaktion bei Kniegelenkendoprothesen (ARMD-KEP) vorgeschlagen und ein histopathologischer Vergleich durchgefuhrt. Die vorliegende Analyse bewertet 5 ARMD-KEP-Falle anhand der „Synovial-like interface membrane“(SLIM)-Konsensusklassifikation, des Partikelalgorithmus, des CD3-Focus-Scores und des ALVAL-Scores. Als Vergleichsgruppen dienten 11 Falle von MoM-Huftendoprothese mit adverser und 20 Kniegelenkendoprothesenfalle ohne adverse Reaktion. Bei den ARMD-KEP-Fallen lag durchweg ein SLIM Typ VI vor. Der ALVAL-Score betrug im Median 10. Mittels CD3-Focus-Score konnte bei allen Fallen der Gruppe eine adverse Reaktion bestatigt werden. Partikelkorrosionen liesen sich bei 2 von 5 Fallen finden. In seltenen Fallen kann auch im Knie eine MoM-ahnliche adverse Reaktion vorliegen, wobei die entzundlichen und immunologischen Auspragungen denen der adversen-MoM-Reaktion in der Hufte ahneln. Als Pathogenesemechanismen konnen diskutiert werden: sekundarer Metall-Metall-Kontakt, Belastung des Kopplungsmechanismus und Korrosion der Metallkomponenten. Analog zur „trunnionosis“ in der Hufte wird der Begriff „Hingiose“ fur Korrosionserscheinungen in dysfunktionellen Situationen bei gekoppelten KEP-Systemen vorgeschlagen.

Here, we describe immuno-Cerenkov luminescence imaging (immuno-CLI) with a specific monoclonal antibody-based tracer for the detection of prostate tumors, which is used in preclinical positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. As PET isotopes generate a continuous spectrum of light in the ultraviolet/visible (UV/vis) wavelength range (Cerenkov luminescence, CL) in dielectric materials and consequently inside living tissues, these isotopes can also be detected by luminescence imaging performed with optical imaging (OI) systems. Imaging tumors with tracers that are specifically binding to a tumor-associated antigen can increase diagnostic accuracy, enables monitoring of treatment efficacy, and can be advantageous compared to radiolabeled small molecules used in PET-oncology such as 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG; glucose metabolism) or [11C]choline (membrane synthesis) which was used to image prostate cancer. In this study, we compared on three consecutive days immuno-CLI and -PET of the applied 64Cu-labeled and well described monoclonal antibody 3/F11 in prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positive (C4-2, PSMA+) and -negative (DU 145, PSMA-) prostate tumor xenografts, inoculated in SCID mice. In vivo immuno-CLI and -PET measurements demonstrated linear correlation of both modalities, in line with ex vivo analysis performed with CLI and γ-counting. As CLI is also able to trace radioisotopes used for theranostic approaches, immuno-CLI could be an interesting, low-cost imaging alternative to immuno-PET.

There are case descriptions of pronounced peri-implant inflammatory reactions and necrosis in non-infectious knee joint replacements with metal-polyethylene pairing.Due to the histopathological similarities to the dysfunctional metal-on-metal (MoM) hip joint replacement, MoM-like reactions in knee joint arthroplasty ("ARMD-KEP") are proposed and a histopathological comparison is made.This analysis evaluates five cases of "ARMD-KEP" using: (1) the SLIM consensus classification, (2) the particle algorithm, (3) the CD3 focus score and (4) the AVAL score. The comparison groups consist of 11 adverse cases of MoM hip and 20 cases of knee joint arthroplasty without adverse reaction.The ARMD-KEP cases were identified as SLIM type VI. Their median ALVAL score was 10. The CD3 focus score confirmed an adverse reaction. Particle corrosion was found in two of five cases.This data indicates that, in rare cases, an adverse MoM-like reaction may be present in knee replacements, with inflammatory and immunological expression similar to that of the adverse MoM reaction in the hip. The pathomechanisms can be discussed as follows: (1) secondary metal-metal contact, (2) dysfunctional loading of the coupling mechanism and (3) corrosion of the metal components. Much like trunnionosis in the hip, the term "hingiosis" is proposed for corrosion phenomena in dysfunctional conditions of coupled knee endoprosthetic systems.