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Amphiphilic molecules having a tendency to decrease the surface tension of the aqueous medium and those are widely used in the industrial and domestic sector. Nowadays they are in high demand to replace synthetic surfactants by naturally based molecules to reduce the environmental problem. Approx. more than 60% materials which are of surfactants-based enter into the marine water which dangerous for aquatic lives. We propose novel material which is a natural based surfactant which is biodegradable and eco-friendly alternatives. Here we are focused on tea saponin and investigated properties like surface tension, foaming, skin mildness, cleaning ability. This is maybe the first reporting a surfactant activity of tea based surfactant. Natural originated surfactants display well emulsion making capacity at the large amount as compared to synthetic. Tea is acidic in nature and it reduces surface tension to 31.4 mN/m, and greater foam, ultra-mildness, with excellent cleaning ability. The consequences suggest that tea have outstanding surface-activity which can be used as a green replacement for synthetic surfactants.

Amphiphilic molecules reduce the surface tension of the aqueous medium and are widely used in industrial and domestic applications due to this property. Nowadays, amphiphilic molecules on a natural basis are in great demand to replace synthetic surfactants and thus contribute to the reduction of environmental problems. Approximately 60% of the material based on surfactants end up in seawater, which is dangerous for aquatic life. We are proposing a new type of material, which is a surfactant on a natural basis, biodegradable and an environmentally friendly alternative. Here we focus on tea saponin and study its properties such as surface tension, foaming, skin mildness, cleanability. Tea is naturally acidic, reduces the surface tension to 31.4 mN/m, has a greater foaming power, is ultra-mild to skin, and has excellent cleaning properties. The results show that tea has excellent surface activity, which is why tea can be used as a green substitute for synthetic surfactants.

Simple spontaneous and eco-friendly green synthesis method for ultra-stable and catalytic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized through Polyoxyethylene cholesteryl ether (ChEO10) and sodium tetrachloroaurate (III) dihydrate (Na [AuCl4]-2H2O) were prepared at 27 °C (AuNPs were formed in < 2 h). Here the creation of distinct AuNPs is supported by reductive ChEO10 surfactant solution via complexation and in-situ reduction of AuCl4− ions in which ChEO10 acts as self-reducing and stabilising agent. This method is considered as simple and green. The positive development of colloidal AuNPs was monitored by simple UV-Vis spectroscopy. The complete characterization of synthesizing AuNPs was done in the previous part. The resulting AuNPs reveal outstanding catalytic properties for degradation of Methyl Blue (MB) to Leucomethylene blue (LMB) in the presence of NaBH4. We further comment on challenges and future direction of this exciting and rapidly expanding area of research.

The micellization and foam studies of binary surfactant mixtures assembled of nonionic polyoxyethylene cholesteryl ether (ChEOn; where n = 30), cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and anionic sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) was investigated by surface tension, foaming behavior and viscosity measurements. As an exceptional outcome it was observed that foam stability and foamability of nonionic surfactant ChEO30 in mixtures with ionic surfactants is much superior to the individual ChEO30, CTAB or SDBS components. Moreover, the mixed surfactant systems (ChEO30+CTAB) and (ChEO30+SDBS) have much lower critical micellar concentrations (CMCs) than corresponding sole surfactants. The negative values of interaction parameter (β) estimated from Rubingh’s theory specify synergism amongst mixed ChEO30+CTAB and ChEO30+SDBS surfactants systems.

Hemiesters and Hemiamides of maleic and succinic acid viz. sodium lauryl succinate (C12SE), sodium lauryl maleate (C12ME), sodium lauryl succinamide (C12SA), sodium lauryl maleamide (C12MA), sodium hexadecyl succinate (C16SE) and sodium hexadecyl maleate (C16ME) were synthesized and investigated as surfactants in the pure water and aqueous hydrotrope [sodium p-toluene sulfonate (NaPTs)] solution. The chemical structures of the prepared surfactants were established by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The surface tension measurements depicted low CMC and a high adsorption efficiency (pC20) which is highly beneficial for creating personal care formulations. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique indicated the formation of larger micelles which was important for skin care as larger micelles cannot penetrate the skin layer. Moreover, these surfactants depicted good foamability and stability attributed to faster monomer adsorption and small bubble size which was preferred for cleansing application. Additionally, low protein/lipid solubilization by these surfactants indicated its mild behaviour on skin as compared to other commonly used conventional anionic [sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)], zwitterionic [cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB)] and nonionic [decyl glucoside (DG)] surfactants. Viscosity measurements suggested decent thickening ability of surfactants in the presence of co-surfactant like lauramine oxide. Basis of all the properties discussed, these novel hemiesters and hemiamides seem promising as surfactants for improving various characteristics in potential personal care formulations.

We report a simple and spontaneous method for creation of extremely stable and catalytically active gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from polyoxyethylene cholesteryl ether (ChEO15) and sodium tetrachloroaurate (III) dihydrate (Na[AuCl₄] · 2H₂O). AuNPs with uniform size and distribution were prepared at 27 °C (AuNPs were formed in

In aqueous anionic sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) solution, presence of nonionic cocamide monoethanolamine (CMEA) depicts intriguing interfacial and bulk properties. CMEA has poor water solubility but can be readily solubilized in SLES solution to form mixed micellar aggregates as revealed by surface tension measurements. Sphere-to-rod micellar transition in aqueous SLES-CMEA binary mixtures occurs at higher surfactant concentration (total surfactant concentration beyond 15 wt%), inducing a sharp growth in the viscosity (>1000 cP). Nevertheless, adding NaCl in SLES-CMEA mixtures, substantial growth in viscosity is perceived at much lower surfactant concentration (~5–10 wt%) attributed to the formation of intertwined worm-like micelles. Micellar sizes were obtained by dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) investigations is used to determine micellar shapes and aggregation number for SLES-CMEA mixtures. Furthermore, it is observed that foaming behavior of SLES can be modulated by CMEA ascribed to the change in foam film rigidity. Corresponding experiments were also performed with nonethoxylated counterpart sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) under analogous condition for comparison. The study reported here may prove to be an appropriate tactic to alter not only the rheology or foaming behavior of SLES-CMEA mixed surfactant system but also provide pre-solubilized composition of CMEA which could be highly beneficial for personal care products enabling CMEA blending at room temperature, which otherwise needs high temperature mixing.