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RIVM rapport:This paper has been drafted within the framework of a joint international project (Austria, France, Malta, Sweden, Switzerland and the Netherlands). The aim of this project is to describe the state of the art on transport related health impacts, highlight (if possible) costs and benefits, identify methodological aspects and develop directions for policy measures and strategies, with a special focus on children. A synthesis report of the overall results is available at www.herry.at/the-pep. This topic paper on transport noise is one of the products of this joint project. It provides an overview of the state of the art regarding traffic noise-related health impacts and guidance for the assessment of noise exposures, its health impacts and costs. In Europe, transport (road, rail and air traffic) is the most important source of community noise. Noise exposure at community levels can produce various health effects including annoyance and sleep disturbance. A small effect on blood pressure is also deemed plausible. The limited number of epidemiological studies in children indicates that noise exposure affects children's learning (cognition), motivation and annoyance. The benefits of implementing source-measures for noise abatement may well exceed the costs of these measures, as some cost-benefit analyses clearly indicate. A large variety of policies and measures are available which can reduce the noise-related health impacts. A number or priority options have been identified in joint discussions with researchers and policymakers. Methodological and research recommendations to improve health impact assessments and cost-benefit analyses, as well as some examples, are presented.

RIVM rapport:Het zicht op eenduidige regelgeving voor en heldere internationale afspraken over geluid en geluidbeleid wordt nog te vaak vertroebeld door het feit dat verschillende landen op verschillende wijze en met verschillende maten meten en rekenen. Hierdoor is het moeilijk om gegevens over geluidhinder van verschillende landen met elkaar te vergelijken. In dit rapport worden de wettelijk voorgeschreven geluidmaten van een groot aantal Europese landen voor het geluid van weg-, trein en vliegverkeer met elkaar vergeleken. Hieruit blijkt de grote verscheidenheid aan gehanteerde geluidmaten, met name bij het vliegverkeer. Dit rapport gaat tevens in op de consequenties van op handen zijnde veranderingen van dosismaten voor de Nederlandse situatie. Ook in de wijze waarop gerekend wordt volgens de verschillende vigerende nationale reken- en meetvoorschriften voor verkeerslawaai (en waarvan de resultaten in de slecht vergelijkbare geluidmaten worden uitgedrukt) blijken grote verschillen te bestaan, vooral in het emissiegedeelte van de berekeningen. Tenslotte wordt een vereenvoudigd overzicht van de normstelling voor de verschillende Europese landen gegeven. Ook hieruit blijkt weer de grote verscheidenheid aan normen, zowel in hoogte als in dosismaat waarin deze zijn uitgedrukt., Clear, unambiguous legislation and international agreements on noise and noise policy are often hampered by the different ways different countries deal with measures and calculations.This obstructs the comparison of international data on annoyance by noise.This report describes the legal indices of road, railway and aircraft noise of different European countries. It shows the diversity of current indices, especially in the area of aircraft noise.This report also describes the consequences of changes due in noise indices for the Dutch situation. The way of calculating traffic noise differs a lot between different European countries. Biggest differences occur in calcultating the emission. Finally, noise standards in different European countries are compared. Again, it shows a big diversity, as well in the height of the standards as in the noise indices used.

RIVM rapport:Dit rapport geeft de achtergronden van hetgeen in de Vijfde Milieuverkenning (MV5) is berekend ten aanzien van de ontwikkeling van de omvang en effecten van transportgeluid in de periode 1995-2030. Het hoofddoel is het reproduceerbaar maken van de berekeningsresultaten. Daartoe wordt de totstandkoming van de resultaten geschetst aan de hand van een gedetailleerde beschrijving van het gehele proces van gegevensverwerking en geluidberekening., In this report details on, and background to a study on the extent and effects of exposure to noise from road, rail and air traffic in the framework of the fifth National Environmental Outlook are given as they are expected to develop from 1995 to 2030. The results have indicated environmental noise to be among the persistent environmental problems in the Netherlands. The whole process, from the basic data collection and processing to the application of a computer model for noise mapping and the analysis of its results has been described. The most comprehensive description is dedicated to the starting points and assumptions in line with the methodological approach. Special focus has also been placed on the way the effects of existing policy and measures to reduce noise (annoyance) in the Netherlands are estimated and taken into account. The reproducibility of the figures and conclusions given in this fifth Environmental Outlook have been adequately handled in this way, while providing the interested reader with all the necessary background information.

RIVM rapport:Abstract niet beschikbaar, The Second Environmental Outlook of the Netherlands integrates data, knowledge and model output about the current and future state of the environment. The present report analyses data flows between a selection of calculation models used for the Environmental Outlook. The status of improvements already initiated is listed and recommendations for future improvements are given. Data flow diagrams and specifications of models and data flows have been published separately, as report 481502003.

RIVM rapport:Abstract niet beschikbaar, The second Environmental Outlook of the Netherlands integrates data, knowledge and model output about the current and future state of the environment. The present study analyses data flows between a selection of calculation models used for the Environmental Outlook. The status of improvements already initiated is listed and recommendations for future improvements are given. It contains data flow diagrams and specifications of models and data flows.

RIVM rapport:Abstract niet beschikbaar, The objective of this study is to prepare the realisation of an information system which contains data about the waste-disposal and -treatment in the Netherlands. This information is essential for decision making in the national waste-policy. This report describes the deficiencies of a first prototype version of the system and the supplemental conditions on the realisation of an improved definitive second version.