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1. Analysis of the Health and Budgetary Impact of Chondroitin Sulfate Prescription in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis Compared to NSAIDs and COXIBs

Author

Rubio-Terrés C, Bernad Pineda M, Herrero M, Nieto C, and Rubio-Rodríguez D

Subjects
osteoarthritis, chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine, budgetary impact, health impact., Medicine (General), R5-920, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Carlos Rubio-Terrés,1 Miguel Bernad Pineda,2 Marta Herrero,3 Carlos Nieto,3 Darío Rubio-Rodríguez1 1Health Value, Madrid, Spain; 2Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain; 3Reig Jofre, Barcelona, SpainCorrespondence: Darío Rubio-RodríguezHealth Value, C/ Virgen de Aránzazu, 21, Madrid 28034, SpainEmail drubiorodriguez@healthvalue.orgBackground: Chondroitin sulfate, alone or associated with glucosamine (CS), is an effective treatment of osteoarthritis, better tolerated than non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors (COXIBs) at gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and renal levels.Objective: To estimate the health impact (toxicity by NSAIDs/COXIBs avoided with CS with or without glucosamine) and economic impact (savings due to avoided toxicities) of treatment of knee osteoarthritis with CS compared to NSAIDs/COXIBs, as a consequence of the avoidance of mild-moderate or severe gastrointestinal adverse effects (GIAE), ischaemic heart disease (IHD), acute kidney insufficiency (AKI) and chronic kidney failure (CKF).Methods: We compared the current situation (available reimbursed prescription with CS) with a hypothetical situation without CS (treatment only with NSAIDs/COXIBs). The frequency of GIAE, IHD, AKI and CKF with CS and NSAIDs/COXIBs was obtained from published ad hoc studies. The cost of AE management and of the drugs (180 days of treatment) was obtained from Spanish sources. A probabilistic economic model was made for a 3-year period, both at national (NHS) and regional levels. Sensitivity analyses were performed for different durations of treatment (90 and 240 days).Results: In Spain, it is estimated that 519,130, 513,616 and 507,377 patients with knee osteoarthritis will be treated with NSAIDs/COXIBs and 112,775, 114,963 and 117,262 with CS in 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively. Due to better CS tolerability, 55,098 mild-moderate GIAE, 3060 severe GIAE, 204 IHD, 1089 AKI and 733 CKF would be avoided in 3 years. Discounting the cost of the drugs, the three-year savings for the NHS would be 21.8 (12.7– 29.5) million euros.Conclusion: Due to its better tolerability profile, CS treatment is expected to prevent thousands of AEs over the next 3 years, some of which may be life-threatening for patients, while generating considerable savings for the NHS.Keywords: osteoarthritis, chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine, budgetary impact, health impact

Published
2020

3. An asymptotically safe SU(5) GUT

Author

Fabbrichesi, M., Nieto, C. M., Tonero, A., and Ugolotti, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We minimally extend the Standard Model field content by adding new vector-like fermions at the TeV scale to allow gauge coupling unification at a realistic scale. We embed the model into a $SU(5)$ grand unified theory that is asymptotically safe and features an interacting fixed point for the gauge coupling. There are no Landau poles of the $U(1)$ gauge and Higgs couplings. Gauge, Yukawa and Higgs couplings are retraced from the fixed point and matched at the grand unification scale to those of the Standard Model rescaled up to the same energy. All couplings, their fixed point values and critical exponents always remain in the perturbative regime., Comment: 25 pages, 3 figures, 6 tables

Published
2020
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4. Impact of universal use of the McGrath videolaryngoscope as the first option for all intubations in the operating room: The multicentre prospective before-after VIDEOLAR-SURGERY study protocol

Author

Taboada, M., Estany-Gestal, A., Rama-Maceiras, P., Orallo, M.A., Bermúdez, M., Barreiro, C., Gómez, L., Amor, M., Otero, F., Fernández, J., Molins, N., Amate, J.J., Bascuas, B., Rey, R., Alonso, M.C., Castro, M.J., Sarmiento, A., dos Santos, L., Nieto, C., Paredes, S., Velasco, A., Taboada, C., Martín, L., Campaña, D., Mosquera, E., Novoa, C., Varela, S., da Silva, L., Domínguez, E., Bedoya, A., Gómez, A.I., Estévez, M., Martínez, P., Sotojove, R., Naveiro, A., Díaz, C., Ruido, R., Mirón, P., González, M., Francisco, C., Regueira, J., Peiteado, M., Eiras, M., and Paz, E.

Published
2024
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6. Husimi function and phase-space analysis of bilayer quantum Hall systems at $\nu=2/\lambda$

Author

Calixto, M. and Peón-Nieto, C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Quantum Physics, 81V70, 81R30
Abstract

We propose localization measures in phase space of the ground state of bilayer quantum Hall (BLQH) systems at fractional filling factors $\nu=2/\lambda$, to characterize the three quantum phases (shortly denoted by spin, canted and ppin) for arbitrary $U(4)$-isospin $\lambda$. We use a coherent state (Bargmann) representation of quantum states, as holomorphic functions in the 8-dimensional Grassmannian phase-space $\mathbb{G}^4_{2}=U(4)/[U(2)\times U(2)]$ (a higher-dimensional generalization of the Haldane's 2-dimensional sphere $\mathbb{S}^2=U(2)/[U(1)\times U(1)]$). We quantify the localization (inverse volume) of the ground state wave function in phase-space throughout the phase diagram (i.e., as a function of Zeeman, tunneling, layer distance, etc, control parameters) with the Husimi function second moment, a kind of inverse participation ratio that behaves as an order parameter. Then we visualize the different ground state structure in phase space of the three quantum phases, the canted phase displaying a much higher delocalization (a Schr\"odinger cat structure) than the spin and ppin phases, where the ground state is highly coherent. We find a good agreement between analytic (variational) and numeric diagonalization results., Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures. New section added. Novel results and insights further highlighted

Published
2017
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7. Hilbert space and ground state structure of bilayer quantum Hall systems at $\nu=2/\lambda$

Author

Calixto, M., Peón-Nieto, C., and Perez-Romero, E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Quantum Physics, 81V70, 81R30
Abstract

We analyze the Hilbert space and ground state structure of bilayer quantum Hall (BLQH) systems at fractional filling factors $\nu=2/\lambda$ ($\lambda$ odd) and we also study the large $SU(4)$ isospin-$\lambda$ limit. The model Hamiltonian is an adaptation of the $\nu=2$ case [Z.F. Ezawa {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. {B71} (2005) 125318] to the many-body situation (arbitrary $\lambda$ flux quanta per electron). The semiclassical regime and quantum phase diagram (in terms of layer distance, Zeeeman, tunneling, etc, control parameters) is obtained by using previously introduced Grassmannian $\mathbb{G}^4_{2}=U(4)/[U(2)\times U(2)]$ coherent states as variational states. The existence of three quantum phases (spin, canted and ppin) is common to any $\lambda$, but the phase transition points depend on $\lambda$, and the instance $\lambda=1$ is recovered as a particular case. We also analyze the quantum case through a numerical diagonalization of the Hamiltonian and compare with the mean-field results, which give a good approximation in the spin and ppin phases but not in the canted phase, where we detect exactly $\lambda$ energy level crossings between the ground and first excited state for given values of the tunneling gap. An energy band structure at low and high interlayer tunneling (spin and ppin phases, respectively) also appears depending on angular momentum and layer population imbalance quantum numbers., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures. Several paragraphs included at the beginning of Section III, introducing the model Hamiltonian from first principles, and a new section V with some comments about experimental issues

Published
2017
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11. Low dimensional nanocarbons – chemistry and energy/electron transfer reactions

Author

Dirian, K., Herranz Astudillo, María Ángeles, Katsukis, G., Malig, J., Rodríguez Pérez, Laura, Romero-Nieto, C., Strauss, V., Martín León, Nazario, Guldi, D. M., Dirian, K., Herranz Astudillo, María Ángeles, Katsukis, G., Malig, J., Rodríguez Pérez, Laura, Romero-Nieto, C., Strauss, V., Martín León, Nazario, and Guldi, D. M.

Abstract

This Minireview sheds light onto the electronic communication between, on one hand, low dimensional nanocarbons – single and multiwalled 1D carbon nanotubes and 2D graphene – and, on the other hand, a variety of electroactive species en-route to novel electron donor–acceptor conjugates and hybrids in relation to their covalent and non-covalent chemistry, respectively. A common denominator to any of the highlighted conjugates/hybrids is charge transport across different scales, that is, from individual molecular conjugates/hybrids to morphologically controlled devices., Depto. de Química Orgánica, Fac. de Ciencias Químicas, TRUE, pub

Published
2024

22. 6ER-031 Knowledge about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in people living with HIV in antiretroviral therapy

Author

López García, Á, primary, Martín-Zaragoza, L, additional, Rubio-Ruiz, L, additional, Martínez-Nieto, C, additional, Velez-Diaz-Pallares, M, additional, Sanmartin-Fenollera, P, additional, Peña-Pedrosa, JA, additional, Onteniente-González, A, additional, Bedoya-del-Olmo, LM, additional, Iglesias-Peinado, I, additional, and Sánchez-Rubio-Ferrández, J, additional

Published
2023
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23. 4CPS-196 Potentially inappropiate medications and potentially prescribing omissions in older people living with HIV

Author

Fernández Fradejas, J, primary, Vélez-Díaz-Pallarés, M, additional, Delgado-Silveira, E, additional, Guijarro-Martínez, P, additional, Rodríguez-Tierno, S, additional, Rodríguez-González, C, additional, Martínez-De la Torre, F, additional, Martínez-Nieto, C, additional, González-Burgos, E, additional, and Alvarez Diaz, AM, additional

Published
2023
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25. The global EPTO database:worldwide occurrences of aquatic insects

Author

Grigoropoulou, A. (Afroditi), Ab Hamid, S. (Suhaila), Acosta, R. (Raúl), Akindele, E. O. (Emmanuel Olusegun), Al-Shami, S. A. (Salman A.), Altermatt, F. (Florian), Amatulli, G. (Giuseppe), Angeler, D. G. (David G.), Arimoro, F. O. (Francis O.), Aroviita, J. (Jukka), Astorga-Roine, A. (Anna), Bastos, R. C. (Rafael Costa), Bonada, N. (Núria), Boukas, N. (Nikos), Brand, C. (Cecilia), Bremerich, V. (Vanessa), Bush, A. (Alex), Cai, Q. (Qinghua), Callisto, M. (Marcos), Chen, K. (Kai), Cruz, P. V. (Paulo Vilela), Dangles, O. (Olivier), Death, R. (Russell), Deng, X. (Xiling), Domínguez, E. (Eduardo), Dudgeon, D. (David), Eriksen, T. E. (Tor Erik), Faria, A. P. (Ana Paula J.), Feio, M. J. (Maria João), Fernández-Aláez, C. (Camino), Floury, M. (Mathieu), García-Criado, F. (Francisco), García-Girón, J. (Jorge), Graf, W. (Wolfram), Grönroos, M. (Mira), Haase, P. (Peter), Hamada, N. (Neusa), He, F. (Fengzhi), Heino, J. (Jani), Holzenthal, R. (Ralph), Huttunen, K.-L. (Kaisa-Leena), Jacobsen, D. (Dean), Jähnig, S. C. (Sonja C.), Jetz, W. (Walter), Johnson, R. K. (Richard K.), Juen, L. (Leandro), Kalkman, V. (Vincent), Kati, V. (Vassiliki), Keke, U. N. (Unique N.), Koroiva, R. (Ricardo), Kuemmerlen, M. (Mathias), Langhans, S. D. (Simone Daniela), Ligeiro, R. (Raphael), Van Looy, K. (Kris), Maasri, A. (Alain), Marchant, R. (Richard), Garcia Marquez, J. R. (Jaime Ricardo), Martins, R. T. (Renato T.), Melo, A. S. (Adriano S.), Metzeling, L. (Leon), Miserendino, M. L. (Maria Laura), Moe, S. J. (S. Jannicke), Molineri, C. (Carlos), Muotka, T. (Timo), Mustonen, K.-R. (Kaisa-Riikka), Mykrä, H. (Heikki), Cavalcante Do Nascimento, J. M. (Jeane Marcelle), Valente-Neto, F. (Francisco), Neu, P. J. (Peter J.), Nieto, C. (Carolina), Pauls, S. U. (Steffen U.), Paulson, D. R. (Dennis R.), Rios-Touma, B. (Blanca), Rodrigues, M. E. (Marciel Elio), de Oliveira Roque, F. (Fabio), Salazar Salina, J. C. (Juan Carlos), Schmera, D. (Dénes), Schmidt-Kloiber, A. (Astrid), Shah, D. N. (Deep Narayan), Simaika, J. P. (John P.), Siqueira, T. (Tadeu), Tachamo-Shah, R. D. (Ram Devi), Theischinger, G. (Günther), Thompson, R. (Ross), Tonkin, J. D. (Jonathan D.), Torres-Cambas, Y. (Yusdiel), Townsend, C. (Colin), Turak, E. (Eren), Twardochleb, L. (Laura), Wang, B. (Beixin), Yanygina, L. (Liubov), Zamora-Muñoz, C. (Carmen), Domisch, S. (Sami), Grigoropoulou, A. (Afroditi), Ab Hamid, S. (Suhaila), Acosta, R. (Raúl), Akindele, E. O. (Emmanuel Olusegun), Al-Shami, S. A. (Salman A.), Altermatt, F. (Florian), Amatulli, G. (Giuseppe), Angeler, D. G. (David G.), Arimoro, F. O. (Francis O.), Aroviita, J. (Jukka), Astorga-Roine, A. (Anna), Bastos, R. C. (Rafael Costa), Bonada, N. (Núria), Boukas, N. (Nikos), Brand, C. (Cecilia), Bremerich, V. (Vanessa), Bush, A. (Alex), Cai, Q. (Qinghua), Callisto, M. (Marcos), Chen, K. (Kai), Cruz, P. V. (Paulo Vilela), Dangles, O. (Olivier), Death, R. (Russell), Deng, X. (Xiling), Domínguez, E. (Eduardo), Dudgeon, D. (David), Eriksen, T. E. (Tor Erik), Faria, A. P. (Ana Paula J.), Feio, M. J. (Maria João), Fernández-Aláez, C. (Camino), Floury, M. (Mathieu), García-Criado, F. (Francisco), García-Girón, J. (Jorge), Graf, W. (Wolfram), Grönroos, M. (Mira), Haase, P. (Peter), Hamada, N. (Neusa), He, F. (Fengzhi), Heino, J. (Jani), Holzenthal, R. (Ralph), Huttunen, K.-L. (Kaisa-Leena), Jacobsen, D. (Dean), Jähnig, S. C. (Sonja C.), Jetz, W. (Walter), Johnson, R. K. (Richard K.), Juen, L. (Leandro), Kalkman, V. (Vincent), Kati, V. (Vassiliki), Keke, U. N. (Unique N.), Koroiva, R. (Ricardo), Kuemmerlen, M. (Mathias), Langhans, S. D. (Simone Daniela), Ligeiro, R. (Raphael), Van Looy, K. (Kris), Maasri, A. (Alain), Marchant, R. (Richard), Garcia Marquez, J. R. (Jaime Ricardo), Martins, R. T. (Renato T.), Melo, A. S. (Adriano S.), Metzeling, L. (Leon), Miserendino, M. L. (Maria Laura), Moe, S. J. (S. Jannicke), Molineri, C. (Carlos), Muotka, T. (Timo), Mustonen, K.-R. (Kaisa-Riikka), Mykrä, H. (Heikki), Cavalcante Do Nascimento, J. M. (Jeane Marcelle), Valente-Neto, F. (Francisco), Neu, P. J. (Peter J.), Nieto, C. (Carolina), Pauls, S. U. (Steffen U.), Paulson, D. R. (Dennis R.), Rios-Touma, B. (Blanca), Rodrigues, M. E. (Marciel Elio), de Oliveira Roque, F. (Fabio), Salazar Salina, J. C. (Juan Carlos), Schmera, D. (Dénes), Schmidt-Kloiber, A. (Astrid), Shah, D. N. (Deep Narayan), Simaika, J. P. (John P.), Siqueira, T. (Tadeu), Tachamo-Shah, R. D. (Ram Devi), Theischinger, G. (Günther), Thompson, R. (Ross), Tonkin, J. D. (Jonathan D.), Torres-Cambas, Y. (Yusdiel), Townsend, C. (Colin), Turak, E. (Eren), Twardochleb, L. (Laura), Wang, B. (Beixin), Yanygina, L. (Liubov), Zamora-Muñoz, C. (Carmen), and Domisch, S. (Sami)

Abstract

Motivation: Aquatic insects comprise 64% of freshwater animal diversity and are widely used as bioindicators to assess water quality impairment and freshwater ecosystem health, as well as to test ecological hypotheses. Despite their importance, a comprehensive, global database of aquatic insect occurrences for mapping freshwater biodiversity in macroecological studies and applied freshwater research is missing. We aim to fill this gap and present the Global EPTO Database, which includes worldwide geo-referenced aquatic insect occurrence records for four major taxa groups: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata (EPTO). Main type of variables contained: A total of 8,368,467 occurrence records globally, of which 8,319,689 (99%) are publicly available. The records are attributed to the corresponding drainage basin and sub-catchment based on the Hydrography90m dataset and are accompanied by the elevation value, the freshwater ecoregion and the protection status of their location. Spatial location and grain: The database covers the global extent, with 86% of the observation records having coordinates with at least four decimal digits (11.1 m precision at the equator) in the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) coordinate reference system. Time period and grain: Sampling years span from 1951 to 2021. Ninety-nine percent of the records have information on the year of the observation, 95% on the year and month, while 94% have a complete date. In the case of seven sub-datasets, exact dates can be retrieved upon communication with the data contributors. Major taxa and level of measurement: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata, standardized at the genus taxonomic level. We provide species names for 7,727,980 (93%) records without further taxonomic verification. Software format: The entire tab-separated value (.csv) database can be downloaded and visualized at https://glowabio.org/project/epto_database/. Fifty individual datasets are also availab

Published
2023

26. The global EPTO database: Worldwide occurrences of aquatic insects

Author

Grigoropoulou, A. Hamid, S. A. Acosta, R. Akindele, E. O. Al-Shami, S. A. Altermatt, F. Amatulli, G. Angeler, D. G. Arimoro, F. O. Aroviita, J. Astorga-Roine, A. Bastos, R. C. Bonada, N. Boukas, N. Brand, C. Bremerich, V. Bush, A. Cai, Q. Callisto, M. Chen, K. Cruz, P. V. Dangles, O. Death, R. Deng, X. Domínguez, E. Dudgeon, D. Eriksen, T. E. Faria, A. P. J. Feio, M. J. Fernández-Aláez, C. Floury, M. García-Criado, F. García-Girón, J. Graf, W. Grönroos, M. Haase, P. Hamada, N. He, F. Heino, J. Holzenthal, R. Huttunen, K. L. Jacobsen, D. Jähnig, S. C. Jetz, W. Johnson, R. K. Juen, L. Kalkman, V. Kati, V. Keke, U. N. Koroiva, R. Kuemmerlen, M. Langhans, S. D. Ligeiro, R. Van Looy, K. Maasri, A. Marchant, R. Garcia Marquez, J. R. Martins, R. T. Melo, A. S. Metzeling, L. Miserendino, M. L. Moe, S. J. Molineri, C. Muotka, T. Mustonen, K. R. Mykrä, H. Cavalcante do Nascimento, J. M. Valente-Neto, F. Neu, P. J. Nieto, C. Pauls, S. U. Paulson, D. R. Rios-Touma, B. Rodrigues, M. E. de Oliveira Roque, F. Salazar Salina, J. Schmera, D. Schmidt-Kloiber, A. Shah, D. Simaika, J. P. Siqueira, T. Tachamo-Shah, R. D. Theischinger, G. Thompson, R. Tonkin, J. D. Torres-Cambas, Y. Townsend, C. Turak, E. Twardochleb, L. Wang, B. Yanygina, L. Zamora-Muñoz, C. Domisch, S. and Grigoropoulou, A. Hamid, S. A. Acosta, R. Akindele, E. O. Al-Shami, S. A. Altermatt, F. Amatulli, G. Angeler, D. G. Arimoro, F. O. Aroviita, J. Astorga-Roine, A. Bastos, R. C. Bonada, N. Boukas, N. Brand, C. Bremerich, V. Bush, A. Cai, Q. Callisto, M. Chen, K. Cruz, P. V. Dangles, O. Death, R. Deng, X. Domínguez, E. Dudgeon, D. Eriksen, T. E. Faria, A. P. J. Feio, M. J. Fernández-Aláez, C. Floury, M. García-Criado, F. García-Girón, J. Graf, W. Grönroos, M. Haase, P. Hamada, N. He, F. Heino, J. Holzenthal, R. Huttunen, K. L. Jacobsen, D. Jähnig, S. C. Jetz, W. Johnson, R. K. Juen, L. Kalkman, V. Kati, V. Keke, U. N. Koroiva, R. Kuemmerlen, M. Langhans, S. D. Ligeiro, R. Van Looy, K. Maasri, A. Marchant, R. Garcia Marquez, J. R. Martins, R. T. Melo, A. S. Metzeling, L. Miserendino, M. L. Moe, S. J. Molineri, C. Muotka, T. Mustonen, K. R. Mykrä, H. Cavalcante do Nascimento, J. M. Valente-Neto, F. Neu, P. J. Nieto, C. Pauls, S. U. Paulson, D. R. Rios-Touma, B. Rodrigues, M. E. de Oliveira Roque, F. Salazar Salina, J. Schmera, D. Schmidt-Kloiber, A. Shah, D. Simaika, J. P. Siqueira, T. Tachamo-Shah, R. D. Theischinger, G. Thompson, R. Tonkin, J. D. Torres-Cambas, Y. Townsend, C. Turak, E. Twardochleb, L. Wang, B. Yanygina, L. Zamora-Muñoz, C. Domisch, S.

Abstract

Motivation Aquatic insects comprise 64% of freshwater animal diversity and are widely used as bioindicators to assess water quality impairment and freshwater ecosystem health, as well as to test ecological hypotheses. Despite their importance, a comprehensive, global database of aquatic insect occurrences for mapping freshwater biodiversity in macroecological studies and applied freshwater research is missing. We aim to fill this gap and present the Global EPTO Database, which includes worldwide geo-referenced aquatic insect occurrence records for four major taxa groups: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata (EPTO). Main type of variables contained A total of 8,368,467 occurrence records globally, of which 8,319,689 (99%) are publicly available. The records are attributed to the corresponding drainage basin and sub-catchment based on the Hydrography90m dataset and are accompanied by the elevation value, the freshwater ecoregion and the protection status of their location. Spatial location and grain The database covers the global extent, with 86% of the observation records having coordinates with at least four decimal digits (11.1 m precision at the equator) in the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) coordinate reference system. Time period and grain Sampling years span from 1951 to 2021. Ninety-nine percent of the records have information on the year of the observation, 95% on the year and month, while 94% have a complete date. In the case of seven sub-datasets, exact dates can be retrieved upon communication with the data contributors. Major taxa and level of measurement Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata, standardized at the genus taxonomic level. We provide species names for 7,727,980 (93%) records without further taxonomic verification. Software format The entire tab-separated value (.csv) database can be downloaded and visualized at https://glowabio.org/project/epto_database/. Fifty individual datasets are also available at https://f

Published
2023
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32. Vitamin D deficiency and SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: Big-data analysis from March 2020 to March 2021. D-COVID study

Author

Álvarez M Neira, Jiménez G Navarro, Sánchez N Anguita, Olano M.M Bermejo, R Queipó, Nuñez M Benavent, Jimenez A Parralejo, Yepes G López, and Nieto C Sáez

Abstract

BackgroundVitamin D has been proposed to have immunomodulatory functions and therefore play a role in coronavirus infection (COVID-19). However, there is no conclusive evidence on its impact on COVID-19 infection and evolution.ObjectiveTo study the association between COVID-19 infection and vitamin D deficiency in patients of a terciary university hospital. To investigate the clinical evolution and prognosis of patients with COVID-19 and vitamin D deficiency.MethodsUsing big-data analytics and artificial intelligence through the SAVANA Manager clinical platform, we analysed clinical data from patients with COVID-19 atended in a terciary university hospital from March 2020 to March 2021.ResultsOf the 143.157 analysed patients, 36.261 subjects had COVID-19 infection (25.33%); during this period; of these 2588 had vitamin D deficiency (7.14%). Among subjects with COVID-19 and vitamin D deficiency, there was a higher proportion of women OR 1.45 [95% CI 1.33-1.57], adults older than 80 years OR 2.63 [95%CI 2.38-2.91], people living in nursing homes OR 2.88 [95%CI 2.95-3.45] and walking dependence OR 3.45 [95%CI 2.85-4.26]. Regarding clinical course, a higher number of subjects with COVID-19 and vitamin D deficiency required hospitalitation OR 2.41 [95%CI 2.22-2-61], intensive unit care (ICU) OR 2.22 [95% CI 1.64-3.02], had a longer mean hospital stay 3.94 (2.29) p=0.02 and higher mortality OR 1.82 [95%CI 1.66-2.01].)ConclusionLow serum 25 (OH) Vitamin-D level was significantly associated with a worse clinical evolution and prognosis of COVID-19 infection. We found a higher proportion of institutionalised and dependent people over 80 years of age among patients with COVID-19 and vitamin D deficiency.

Published
2022

41. Intake of Spineless Cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica During Late Pregnancy Improves Progeny Performance in Underfed Sheep

Author

Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (México), Cuevas Reyes, Venancio [0000-0001-9946-3942], Flores, Manuel de Jesús [0000-0002-2862-1672], Vázquez-García, Juan Manuel [0000-0003-4874-8512], Urrutia-Morales, J. [0000-0003-2722-6299], Hosseini-Ghaffari, Morteza [0000-0002-5811-3492], Chay-Canul, Alfonso J. [0000-0003-4412-4972], Meza-Herrera, C. A. [0000-0003-0289-2009], González De Bulnes, Antonio [0000-0002-0917-4475], Martin, Graeme Bruce [0000-0002-1905-7934], Rosales-Nieto, C. A. [0000-0002-3414-338X], Cuevas Reyes, Venancio, Hernandez, Francisco Santiago, Flores, Manuel de Jesús, Vázquez-García, Juan Manuel, Urrutia-Morales, J., Hosseini-Ghaffari, Morteza, Chay-Canul, Alfonso J., Meza-Herrera, C. A., González De Bulnes, Antonio, Martin, Graeme Bruce, Rosales-Nieto, C. A., Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (México), Cuevas Reyes, Venancio [0000-0001-9946-3942], Flores, Manuel de Jesús [0000-0002-2862-1672], Vázquez-García, Juan Manuel [0000-0003-4874-8512], Urrutia-Morales, J. [0000-0003-2722-6299], Hosseini-Ghaffari, Morteza [0000-0002-5811-3492], Chay-Canul, Alfonso J. [0000-0003-4412-4972], Meza-Herrera, C. A. [0000-0003-0289-2009], González De Bulnes, Antonio [0000-0002-0917-4475], Martin, Graeme Bruce [0000-0002-1905-7934], Rosales-Nieto, C. A. [0000-0002-3414-338X], Cuevas Reyes, Venancio, Hernandez, Francisco Santiago, Flores, Manuel de Jesús, Vázquez-García, Juan Manuel, Urrutia-Morales, J., Hosseini-Ghaffari, Morteza, Chay-Canul, Alfonso J., Meza-Herrera, C. A., González De Bulnes, Antonio, Martin, Graeme Bruce, and Rosales-Nieto, C. A.

Abstract

The present study tested whether feeding ewes during the last third of pregnancy with cladodes of Opuntia (untreated or protein-enriched), as an alternative to alfalfa hay, would improve milk yield as well as the pre- and post-natal growth of their lambs. Sixty mature Rambouillet ewes and their progeny were randomly allocated among three nutritional treatments: (i) Control, fed alfalfa; (ii) Opuntia, fed untreated cladodes; (iii) E-Opuntia, fed protein-enriched cladodes (pre-treated with urea and ammonium sulphate). Birth weight did not differ among treatments (p > 0.05) but Control ewes produced more milk than both groups of Opuntia-fed ewes (p < 0.05). However, milk yield was not related to the growth of the progeny (p > 0.05) because lambs from E-Opuntia-fed ewes grew faster (p < 0.01) and were heavier at weaning (p < 0.05) than lambs from the other two groups. We conclude that Opuntia (with or without protein enrichment) can be used as an alternative to alfalfa hay for feeding ewes during the last third of pregnancy and therefore reduce production costs under extensive conditions in arid and semiarid regions. Moreover, protein-enriched Opuntia appears to improve postnatal lamb growth.

Published
2020

42. Perceived Availability of Healthy and Unhealthy Foods in the Community, Work, and Higher Education Settings across Five Countries: Findings from the International Food Policy Study 2018

Author

Contreras-Manzano, A, Nieto, C, Jáuregui, A, Perez Ferrer, C, Vanderlee, L, Barquera, S, Sacks, Gary, Adams, J, Thrasher, JF, Hammond, D, Contreras-Manzano, A, Nieto, C, Jáuregui, A, Perez Ferrer, C, Vanderlee, L, Barquera, S, Sacks, Gary, Adams, J, Thrasher, JF, and Hammond, D

Abstract

Background: Food environments play a key role in dietary behavior and vary due to different contexts, regulations, and policies. Objectives: This study aimed to characterize the perceived availability of healthy and unhealthy foods in 3 different settings in 5 countries. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2018 International Food Policy Study, a cross-sectional survey of adults (18-100 y, n = 22,824) from Australia, Canada, Mexico, the United Kingdom (UK), and the USA. Perceived availability of unhealthy (junk food and sugary drinks) and healthy foods (fruit or vegetables, healthy snacks, and water) in the community, workplace, and university settings were measured (i.e. not available, available for purchase, or available for free). Differences in perceived availability across countries were tested using adjusted multinomial logistic regression models. Results: Across countries, unhealthy foods were perceived as highly available in all settings; in university and work settings unhealthy foods were perceived as more available than healthy foods. Australia and Canada had the highest perceived availability of unhealthy foods (range 87.5-90.6% between categories), and the UK had the highest perceived availability of fruits and vegetables for purchase (89.3%) in the community. In university and work settings, Mexico had the highest perceived availability for purchase of unhealthy foods (range 69.9-84.9%). The USA and the UK had the highest perceived availability of fruits and vegetables for purchase (65.3-66.3%) or for free (21.2-22.8%) in the university. In the workplace, the UK had high perceived availability of fruits and vegetables for purchase (40.2%) or for free (18.5%), and the USA had the highest perceived availability of junk food for free (17.3%). Conclusions: Across countries, unhealthy foods were perceived as highly available in all settings. Variability between countries may reflect differences in policies and regulations. Results underscore the need for the

Published
2022

43. Evaluation of a Colombian oregano oil (Lippia origanoides Kunth) and a novel yeast product from Pichia guilliermondii, alone or in combination, on rumen fermentation, methanogenesis and the microbiome in the rumen simulation technique

Author

British Council, Ramos-Morales, E., Bolton, E., Lyons, L., Carreño, D., Jones, E., Mayorga, O., Ariza-Nieto, C., Newbold, C.J., British Council, Ramos-Morales, E., Bolton, E., Lyons, L., Carreño, D., Jones, E., Mayorga, O., Ariza-Nieto, C., and Newbold, C.J.

Abstract

In this study, Lippia origanoides Kunth, native to the Alto Patía region in Southwest Colombia, and Pichia guilliermondii LV196, an inactivated yeast from the germplasm bank of Agrosavia (Colombian Agricultural Research Corporation), alone or combined, were tested for their long-term effect on rumen fermentation and methanogenesis whilst also characterising their effect on bacterial and methanogen communities. Whereas essential oils act through selective inhibition of microbial groups, yeasts are thought to work through the selective stimulation of key microbes in the rumen. We hypothesized that yeast supplementation could modulate the antimicrobial effect of a high thymol-containing oregano oil, allowing a more efficient feed utilization whilst decreasing methane production. When added to a rumen simulating fermentor (RUSITEC), L. origanoides Kunth at 132 µL/d had a detrimental effect on rumen fermentation which was accompanied by a reduction in the relative abundance of protozoa and fungi and a profound impact on the bacterial and archaeal communities. P. guilliermondii LV196 at 0.5 g/L, however, had no effect on fermentation parameters or nutrient utilization, and neither changes in microbial abundances or in the structure of bacterial and archaeal communities were observed. P. guilliermondii LV196 did not stimulate microbial numbers nor activity and, consequently we could not test whether it could have counterbalanced the antimicrobial effect of the essential oil. Future studies need to both investigate lower levels of essential oil addition, but also to re-examine the effects of P. guillermondii in the rumen and/or to replace it with other yeast of known biological activity when combined with oils extracted from L. origanoides Kunth.

Published
2022

47. 4CPS-239 Impact of knowledge about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission on the qualiy of life of people living with HIV

Author

López-García, Á, primary, Herranz-Muñoz, N, additional, Salvador-Llana, I, additional, Sanmartín-Fenollera, P, additional, Vélez-Díaz-Pallarés, M, additional, Peña-Pedrosa, JA, additional, Martínez-Nieto, C, additional, Onteniente-González, A, additional, Bedoya-Del-Olmo, LM, additional, Iglesias-Peinado, I, additional, and Sánchez-Rubio-Ferrández, J, additional

Published
2022
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48. 4CPS-237 Measuring adherence to antiretroviral treatment: correlation and concordance between two indirect methods

Author

López-García, Á, primary, Herranz-Muñoz, N, additional, Salvador-Llana, I, additional, Sanmartín-Fenollera, P, additional, Vélez-Díaz-Pallarés, M, additional, Peña-Pedrosa, JA, additional, Martínez-Nieto, C, additional, Onteniente-González, A, additional, Bedoya-Del-Olmo, LM, additional, Iglesias-Peinado, I, additional, and Sánchez-Rubio-Ferrández, J, additional

Published
2022
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49. Reduced humoral response 3 months following BNT162b2 vaccination in SARS-CoV-2 uninfected residents of long-term care facilities

Author

Trigueros, M, Pradenas, E, Palacin, D, Munoz-Lopez, F, Avila-Nieto, C, Trinite, B, Bonet-Simo, JM, Isnard, M, Moreno, N, Marfil, S, Rovirosa, C, Puig, T, Grau, E, Chamorro, A, Martinez, A, Toledo, R, Font, M, Ara, J, Carrillo, J, Mateu, L, Blanco, J, Clotet, B, Prat, N, and Massanella, M

Subjects
older people, BNT162b2 vaccine, SARS-CoV-2, nursing homes, long-term care facilities, humoral immune response
Abstract

Background SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is the most effective strategy to protect older residents of long-term care facilities (LTCF) against severe COVID-19, but primary vaccine responses are less effective in older adults. Here, we characterised the humoral responses of institutionalised seniors 3 months after they had received the mRNA/BNT162b2 vaccine. Methods plasma levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific total IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies were measured before and 3 months after vaccination in older residents of LTCF. Neutralisation capacity was assessed in a pseudovirus neutralisation assay against the original WH1 and later B.1.617.2/Delta variants. A group of younger adults was used as a reference group. Results three months after vaccination, uninfected older adults presented reduced SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG levels and a significantly lower neutralisation capacity against the WH1 and Delta variants compared with vaccinated uninfected younger individuals. In contrast, COVID-19-recovered older adults showed significantly higher SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG levels after vaccination than their younger counterparts, whereas showing similar neutralisation activity against the WH1 virus and an increased neutralisation capacity against the Delta variant. Although, similarly to younger individuals, previously infected older adults elicit potent cross-reactive immune responses, higher quantities of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies are required to reach the same neutralisation levels. Conclusions although hybrid immunity seems to be active in previously infected older adults 3 months after mRNA/BNT162b2 vaccination, humoral immune responses are diminished in COVID-19 uninfected but vaccinated older residents of LTCF. These results suggest that a vaccine booster dose should be prioritised for this particularly vulnerable population.

Published
2022

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