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1. Gaps in biomedical research in frontotemporal dementia: A call for diversity and disparities focused research

Author

Nuytemans, Karen, Franzen, Sanne, Broce, Iris J, Caramelli, Paulo, Ellajosyula, Ratnavalli, Finger, Elizabeth, Gupta, Veer, Gupta, Vivek, Illán‐Gala, Ignacio, Loi, Samantha M, Morhardt, Darby, Pijnenburg, Yolande, Rascovsky, Katya, Williams, Monique M, Yokoyama, Jennifer S, Acosta‐Uribe, Juliana, Akinyemi, Rufus, Alladi, Suvarna, Ayele, Biniyam A, Ayhan, Yavuz, Bourdage, Renelle, Castro‐Suarez, Sheila, de Souza, Leonardo Cruz, Dacks, Penny, de Boer, Sterre CM, de Leon, Jessica, Dodge, Shana, Grasso, Stephanie, Ghoshal, Nupur, Kamath, Vidyulata, Kumfor, Fiona, Matias‐Guiu, Jordi A, Narme, Pauline, Nielsen, T Rune, Okhuevbie, Daniel, Piña‐Escudero, Stefanie, Ruiz‐Garcia, Ramiro, Ryan, Brigid, Scarioni, Marta, Slachevsky, Andrea, Suarez‐Gonzalez, Aida, Tee, Boon Lead, Tsoy, Elena, Ulugut, Hulya, Onyike, Chiadi U, Babulal, Ganesh M, and PIA, ISTAART Diversity and Disparities PIA ISTAART Frontotemporal Dementia and Related Disorders

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Psychology, Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Psychology, Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), Dementia, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Neurodegenerative, Brain Disorders, Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD), Rare Diseases, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's Disease, Aphasia, Aging, Behavioral and Social Science, Neurological, Humans, Frontotemporal Dementia, Biomedical Research, Healthcare Disparities, Cultural Diversity, biomarkers, cultural diversity, epidemiology, ethnicity, frontotemporal dementia, genetics, infrastructure, ISTAART Frontotemporal Dementia and Related Disorders PIA, ISTAART Diversity and Disparities PIA, Geriatrics, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is one of the leading causes of young-onset dementia before age 65, typically manifesting as abnormal behavior (in behavioral variant FTD) or language impairment (in primary progressive aphasia). Although FTD affects all populations across the globe, knowledge regarding the pathophysiology and genetics derives primarily from studies conducted in North America and Western Europe. Globally, biomedical research for FTD is hindered by variable access to diagnosis, discussed in this group's earlier article, and by reduced access to expertise, funding, and infrastructure. This perspective paper was produced by two professional interest areas of the Alzheimer's Association International Society to Advance Alzheimer's Research and Treatment (ISTAART) and discusses the field's current status on the cross-cultural aspects of basic and translational research in FTD (including that focused on epidemiology, genetics, biomarkers, and treatment). It subsequently provides a summary of gaps and needs to address the disparities and advance global FTD biomedical research.

Published
2024

3. Gaps in clinical research in frontotemporal dementia: A call for diversity and disparities–focused research

Author

Franzen, Sanne, Nuytemans, Karen, Bourdage, Renelle, Caramelli, Paulo, Ellajosyula, Ratnavalli, Finger, Elizabeth, Illán‐Gala, Ignacio, Loi, Samantha M, Morhardt, Darby, Pijnenburg, Yolande, Rascovsky, Katya, Williams, Monique M, Yokoyama, Jennifer S, Alladi, Suvarna, Ayhan, Yavuz, Broce, Iris, Castro‐Suarez, Sheila, Coleman, Kristy, de Souza, Leonardo Cruz, Dacks, Penny A, de Boer, Sterre CM, de Leon, Jessica, Dodge, Shana, Grasso, Stephanie, Gupta, Veer, Gupta, Vivek, Ghoshal, Nupur, Kamath, Vidyulata, Kumfor, Fiona, Matias‐Guiu, Jordi A, Narme, Pauline, Nielsen, T Rune, Okhuevbie, Daniel, Piña‐Escudero, Stefanie D, Garcia, Ramiro Ruiz, Scarioni, Marta, Slachevsky, Andrea, Suarez‐Gonzalez, Aida, Tee, Boon Lead, Tsoy, Elena, Ulugut, Hülya, Babulal, Ganesh M, Onyike, Chiadi U, and PIA, for the ISTAART FTD PIA and ISTAART Diversity and Disparities

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Dementia, Brain Disorders, Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), Neurosciences, Aging, Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD), Rare Diseases, Neurodegenerative, Aphasia, Alzheimer's Disease, Behavioral and Social Science, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Neurological, Humans, Aged, Frontotemporal Dementia, Alzheimer Disease, Neuropsychological Tests, Language, Europe, cultural diversity, diagnosis, ethnicity, frontotemporal dementia, language, literacy, neuropsychological tests, primary progressive aphasia, ISTAART FTD PIA and ISTAART Diversity and Disparities PIA, Clinical Sciences, Geriatrics, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is one of the leading causes of dementia before age 65 and often manifests as abnormal behavior (in behavioral variant FTD) or language impairment (in primary progressive aphasia). FTD's exact clinical presentation varies by culture, language, education, social norms, and other socioeconomic factors; current research and clinical practice, however, is mainly based on studies conducted in North America and Western Europe. Changes in diagnostic criteria and procedures as well as new or adapted cognitive tests are likely needed to take into consideration global diversity. This perspective paper by two professional interest areas of the Alzheimer's Association International Society to Advance Alzheimer's Research and Treatment examines how increasing global diversity impacts the clinical presentation, screening, assessment, and diagnosis of FTD and its treatment and care. It subsequently provides recommendations to address immediate needs to advance global FTD research and clinical practice.

Published
2023

6. Microscopic theory of phonon-induced effects on semiconductor quantum dot decay dynamics in cavity QED

Author

Kaer, P., Nielsen, T. R., Lodahl, P., Jauho, A. -P., and Mork, J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

We investigate the influence of the electron-phonon interaction on the decay dynamics of a quantum dot coupled to an optical microcavity. We show that the electron-phonon interaction has important consequences on the dynamics, especially when the quantum dot and cavity are tuned out of resonance, in which case the phonons may add or remove energy leading to an effective non-resonant coupling between quantum dot and cavity. The system is investigated using two different theoretical approaches: (i) a second-order expansion in the bare phonon coupling constant, and (ii) an expansion in a polaron-photon coupling constant, arising from the polaron transformation which allows an accurate description at high temperatures. In the low temperature regime we find excellent agreement between the two approaches. An extensive study of the quantum dot decay dynamics is performed, where important parameter dependencies are covered. We find that in general the electron-phonon interaction gives rise to a greatly increased bandwidth of the coupling between quantum dot and cavity. At low temperature an asymmetry in the quantum dot decay rate is observed, leading to a faster decay when the quantum dot has a larger energy than to the cavity. We explain this as due to the absence of phonon absorption processes. Furthermore, we derive approximate analytical expressions for the quantum dot decay rate, applicable when the cavity can be adiabatically eliminated. The expressions lead to a clear interpretation of the physics and emphasizes the important role played by the effective phonon density, describing the availability of phonons for scattering, in quantum dot decay dynamics. Based on the analytical expressions we present the parameter regimes where phonon effects are expected to be important. Also, we include all technical developments in appendices., Comment: published PRB version, comments are very welcome

Published
2012
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7. Analysis of optical properties of strained semiconductor quantum dots for electromagnetically induced transparency

Author

Barettin, D., Houmark, J., Lassen, B., Willatzen, M., Nielsen, T. R., Mork, J., and Jauho, A. -P.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Using multiband k*p theory we study the size and geometry dependence on the slow light properties of conical semiconductor quantum dots. We find the V-type scheme for electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to be most favorable, and identify an optimal height and size for efficient EIT operation. In case of the ladder scheme, the existence of additional dipole allowed intraband transitions along with an almost equidistant energy level spacing adds additional decay pathways, which significantly impairs the EIT effect. We further study the influence of strain and band mixing comparing four different k*p band structure models. In addition to the separation of the heavy and light holes due to the biaxial strain component, we observe a general reduction in the transition strengths due to energy crossings in the valence bands caused by strain and band mixing effects. We furthermore find a non-trivial quantum dot size dependence of the dipole moments directly related to the biaxial strain component. Due to the separation of the heavy and light holes the optical transition strengths between the lower conduction and upper most valence-band states computed using one-band model and eight-band model show general qualitative agreement, with exceptions relevant for EIT operation., Comment: 9 pages, 12 figures

Published
2010

8. Non-Markovian model of photon-assisted dephasing by electron-phonon interactions in a coupled quantum-dot-cavity system

Author

Kaer, P., Nielsen, T. R., Lodahl, P., Jauho, A. -P., and Mork, J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We investigate the influence of electron-phonon interactions on the dynamical properties of a quantum-dot-cavity QED system. We show that non-Markovian effects in the phonon reservoir lead to strong changes in the dynamics, arising from photon-assisted dephasing processes, not present in Markovian treatments. A pronounced consequence is the emergence of a phonon induced spectral asymmetry when detuning the cavity from the quantum-dot resonance. The asymmetry can only be explained when considering the polaritonic quasi-particle nature of the quantum-dot-cavity system. Furthermore, a temperature induced reduction of the light-matter coupling strength is found to be relevant in interpreting experimental data, especially in the strong coupling regime., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, published in Physical Review Letters, changes according to referees comments, comments are welcome

Published
2009
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9. Comparison of EIT schemes in semiconductor quantum dot structures: Impact of many-body interactions

Author

Houmark, J., Nielsen, T. R., Mork, J., and Jauho, A. -P.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We investigate the impact of many-body interactions on group-velocity slowdown achieved via electromagnetically induced transparency in quantum dots using three different coupling-probe schemes (ladder, V, and Lambda, respectively). We find that for all schemes many-body interactions have an important impact on the slow light properties. In the case of the Lambda and V schemes, the minimum required coupling power to achieve slow light is significantly reduced by many-body interactions. V type schemes are found to be generally preferable due to a favorable redistribution of carriers in energy space.

Published
2009
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10. Massive B-type pulsators in low-metallicity environments

Author

Karoff, C., Arentoft, T., Glowienka, L., Coutures, C., Nielsen, T. B., Dogan, G., Grundahl, F., and Kjeldsen, H.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

Massive B type pulsators such as beta Cep and slowly pulsating B (SPB) stars pulsate due to layers of increased opacity caused by partial ionization. The increased opacity blocks the energy flux to the surface of the stars which causes the layers to rise and the opacity to drop. This cyclical behavior makes the star act as a heat engine and the star will thus pulsate. For beta Cep and SPB stars the increased opacity is believed to be caused by partial ionization of iron and these stars should therefore contain non-insignificant quantities of the metal. A good test of this theory is to search for beta Cep and SPB stars in low-metallicity environments. If no stars are found the theory is supported, but on the other hand if a substantial number of beta Cep and SPB stars are found in these environments then the theory is not supported and a solutions needed. With a growing number of identified beta Cep and SPB stars in the low-metallicity Magellanic Clouds we seem to be left with the second case. We will in this context discuss recent findings of beta Cep and SPB stars in the Magellanic Clouds and some possible solutions to the discrepancy between these observations and the theory. We also describe an ambitious project that we have initiated on the Small Magellanic Cloud open cluster NGC 371 which will help to evaluate these solutions., Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Comm. in Asteroseismology, Proceedings of the 38th LIAC/HELAS-ESTA/BAG, 2008

Published
2008

11. SPB stars in the open SMC cluster NGC 371

Author

Karoff, C., Arentoft, T., Glowienka, L., Coutures, C., Nielsen, T. B., Dogan, G., Grundahl, F., and Kjeldsen, H.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

Pulsation in beta Cep and SPB stars are driven by the kappa mechanism which depends critically on the metallicity. It has therefore been suggested that beta Cep and SPB stars should be rare in the Magellanic Clouds which have lower metallicities than the solar neighborhood. To test this prediction we have observed the open SMC cluster NGC 371 for 12 nights in order to search for beta Cep and SPB stars. Surprisingly, we find 29 short-period B-type variables in the upper part of the main sequence, many of which are probably SPB stars. This result indicates that pulsation is still driven by the kappa mechanism even in low metallicity environments. All the identified variables have periods longer than the fundamental radial period which means that they cannot be beta Cep stars. Within an amplitude detection limit of 5 mmag no stars in the top of the HR-diagram show variability with periods shorter than the fundamental radial period. So if beta Cep stars are present in the cluster they oscillate with amplitudes below 5 mmag, which is significantly lower than the mean amplitude of beta Cep stars in the Galaxy. We see evidence that multimode pulsation is more common in the upper part of the main sequence than in the lower. We have also identified 5 eclipsing binaries and 3 periodic pulsating Be stars in the cluster field., Comment: 8 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2008
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12. A giant outburst two years before the core-collapse of a massive star

Author

Pastorello, A., Smartt, S. J., Mattila, S., Eldridge, J. J., Young, D., Itagaki, K., Yamaoka, H., Navasardyan, H., Valenti, S., Patat, F., Agnoletto, I., Augusteijn, T., Benetti, S., Cappellaro, E., Boles, T., Bonnet-Bidaud, J. -M., Botticella, M. T., Bufano, F., Cao, C., Deng, J., Dennefeld, M., Elias-Rosa, N., Harutyunyan, A., Keenan, F. P., Iijima, T., Lorenzi, V., Mazzali, P. A., Meng, X., Nakano, S., Nielsen, T. B., Smoker, J. V., Stanishev, V., Turatto, M., Xu, D., and Zampieri, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The death of massive stars produces a variety of supernovae, which are linked to the structure of the exploding stars. The detection of several precursor stars of Type II supernovae have been reported, however we do not yet have direct information on the progenitors of the hydrogen deficient Type Ib and Ic supernovae. Here we report that the peculiar Type Ib supernova SN2006jc is spatially coincident with a bright optical transient that occurred in 2004. Spectroscopic and photometric monitoring of the supernova leads us to suggest that the progenitor was a carbon-oxygen Wolf-Rayet star embedded within a helium-rich circumstellar medium. There are different possible explanations for this pre-explosion transient. It appears similar to the giant outbursts of Luminous Blue Variables (LBV) of 60-100 solar mass stars, however the progenitor of SN2006jc was helium and hydrogen deficient. An LBV-like outburst of a Wolf-Rayet star could be invoked, but this would be the first observational evidence of such a phenomenon. Alternatively a massive binary system composed of an LBV which erupted in 2004, and a Wolf-Rayet star exploding as SN2006jc, could explain the observations., Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures (supplementary information included). Originally submitted on Nov. 24, 2006; twice revised. Final version submitted to Nature

Published
2007
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13. Supernova 2006aj and the associated X-Ray Flash 060218

Author

Sollerman, J., Jaunsen, A. O., Fynbo, J. P. U., Hjorth, J., Jakobsson, P., Stritzinger, M., Feron, C., Laursen, P., Ovaldsen, J. -E., Selj, J., Thöne, C. C., Xu, D., Davis, T., Gorosabel, J., Watson, D., Duro, R., Ilyin, I., Jensen, B. L., Lysfjord, N., Marquart, T., Nielsen, T. B., Näränen, J., Schwarz, H. E., Walch, S., Wold, M., and Östlin, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We have studied the afterglow of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) of February 18, 2006. This is a nearby long GRB, with a very low peak energy, and is therefore classified as an X-ray Flash (XRF). XRF 060218 is clearly associated with a supernova -- dubbed SN 2006aj. We present early spectra for SN 2006aj as well as optical lightcurves reaching out to 50 days past explosion. Our optical lightcurves define the rise times, the lightcurve shapes and the absolute magnitudes in the U, V and R bands, and we compare these data with data for other relevant supernovae. SN 2006aj evolved quite fast, somewhat similarly to SN 2002ap, but not as fast as SN 1994I. Our spectra show the evolution of the supernova over the peak, when the U-band portion of the spectrum rapidly fades due to extensive line blanketing. We compare to similar spectra of very energetic Type Ic supernovae. Our first spectra are earlier than spectra for any other GRB-SN. The spectrum taken 12 days after burst in the rest frame is similar to somewhat later spectra of both SN 1998bw and SN 2003dh, implying a rapid early evolution. This is consistent with the fast lightcurve. From the narrow emission lines from the host galaxy we derive a redshift of z=0.0331+-0.0007. This makes XRF 060218 the second closest gamma-ray burst detected. The flux of these emission lines indicate a high-excitation state, and a modest metallicity and star formation rate of the host galaxy., Comment: Accepted by A&A. Replaced with revised version. More observations added

Published
2006
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14. Quantum kinetic theory of phonon-assisted carrier transitions in nitride-based quantum-dot systems

Author

Seebeck, J., Nielsen, T. R., Gartner, P., and Jahnke, F.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

A microscopic theory for the interaction of carriers with LO phonons is used to study the ultrafast carrier dynamics in nitride-based semiconductor quantum dots. It is shown that the efficiency of scattering processes is directly linked to quasi-particle renormalizations. The electronic states of the interacting system are strongly modified by the combined influence of quantum confinement and polar coupling. Inherent electrostatic fields, typical for InGaN/GaN quantum dots, do not limit the fast scattering channels., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in EPJ B

Published
2005
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15. Influence of carrier-carrier and carrier-phonon correlations on optical absorption and gain in quantum-dot systems

Author

Lorke, M., Nielsen, T. R., Seebeck, J., Gartner, P., and Jahnke, F.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

A microscopic theory is used to study the optical properties of semiconductor quantum dots. The dephasing of a coherent excitation and line-shifts of the interband transitions due to carrier-carrier Coulomb interaction and carrier-phonon interaction are determined from a quantum kinetic treatment of correlation processes. We investigate the density dependence of both mechanisms and clarify the importance of various dephasing channels involving the localized and delocalized states of the system., Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures

Published
2005
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16. Gender Fairness in Self-Efficacy? A Rasch-Based Validity Study of the General Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (GASE)

Author

Nielsen, T., Dammeyer, J., Vang, M. L., and Makransky, G.

Abstract

Studies have reported gender differences in academic self-efficacy. However, how and if academic self-efficacy questionnaires are gender-biased has not been psychometrically investigated. The psychometric properties of a general version of The Physics Self-Efficacy Questionnaire -- the General Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (GASE) -- were analyzed using Rasch measurement models, with data from 1018 Danish university students (psychology and technical), focusing on gender invariance and the sufficiency of the score. The short 4-item GASE scale was found to be essentially objective and construct valid and satisfactorily reliable, though differential item functioning was found relative to gender and academic discipline, and can be used to assess students' general academic self-efficacy. Research on gender and self-efficacy needs to take gender into account and equate scores appropriately for unbiased analysis within academic disciplines.

Published
2018
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17. Polarons in semiconductor quantum-dots and their role in the quantum kinetics of carrier relaxation

Author

Seebeck, J., Nielsen, T. R., Gartner, P., and Jahnke, F.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

While time-dependent perturbation theory shows inefficient carrier-phonon scattering in semiconductor quantum dots, we demonstrate that a quantum kinetic description of carrier-phonon interaction predicts fast carrier capture and relaxation. The considered processes do not fulfill energy conservation in terms of free-carrier energies because polar coupling of localized quantum-dot states strongly modifies this picture., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.B

Published
2004
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18. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa Type III Translocon Is Required for Biofilm Formation at the Epithelial Barrier

Author

Engel, Joanne, Tran, CS, Rangel, SM, Almblad, H, Kierbel, A, Givskov, M, Tolker-Nielsen, T, Hauser, AR, and Engel, JN

Abstract

© 2014 Tran et al.Clinical infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a deadly Gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen of immunocompromised hosts, often involve the formation of antibiotic-resistant biofilms. Although biofilm formation has been extensively studie

Published
2014

22. Pseudomonas aeruginosa fimL regulates multiple virulence functions by intersecting with Vfr-modulated pathways

Author

Whitchurch, C B, Beatson, S A, Comolli, J C, Jakobsen, T, Sargent, J L, Bertrand, J J, West, J, Klausen, M, Waite, L L, Kang, P J, Tolker-Nielsen, T, Mattick, J S, and Engel, J N

Abstract

Virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves the co-ordinate expression of a range of factors including type IV pili (tfp), the type III secretion system (TTSS) and quorum sensing. Tfp are required for twitching motility, efficient biofilm formation, and for adhesion and type III secretion (TTS)-mediated damage to mammalian cells. We describe a novel gene (fimL) that is required for tfp biogenesis and function, for TTS and for normal biofilm development in P. aeruginosa. The predicted product of fimL is homologous to the N-terminal domain of ChpA, except that its putative histidine and threonine phosphotransfer sites have been replaced with glutamine. fimL mutants resemble vfr mutants in many aspects including increased autolysis, reduced levels of surface-assembled tfp and diminished production of type III secreted effectors. Expression of vfr in trans can complement fimL mutants. vfr transcription and production is reduced in fimL mutants whereas cAMP levels are unaffected. Deletion and insertion mutants of fimL frequently revert to wild-type phenotypes suggesting that an extragenic suppressor mutation is able to overcome the loss of fimL. vfr transcription and production, as well as cAMP levels, are elevated in these revertants, while Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) production is reduced. These results suggest that the site(s) of spontaneous mutation is in a gene(s) which lies upstream of vfr transcription, cAMP, production, and PQS synthesis. Our studies indicate that Vfr and FimL are components of intersecting pathways that control twitching motility, TTSS and autolysis in P. aeruginosa.

Published
2005

26. Potential for prevention of dementia in Denmark.

Author

Jørgensen, Kasper, Nielsen, T. Rune, Nielsen, Ann, and Waldemar, Gunhild

Abstract

Introduction: According to previous estimates, 40% of dementia cases globally may be attributed to 12 potentially modifiable risk factors. Methods: We calculated national population attributable fractions (PAFs) for each risk factor and modeled the effects of proportional reductions in risk factor prevalence on dementia prevalence by calculating potential impact fractions (PIFs) for each factor. Results: The overall adjusted PAF for all risk factors was 35.2%. Physical inactivity, hearing loss, hypertension, and obesity accounted for 64% of the total prevention potential. The overall adjusted PIF was 4.1% at 10% risk factor prevalence reduction and 8.1% at 20% risk factor reduction. Discussion: Estimates of the potential for the prevention of dementia should be based on country‐specific data on risk factor prevalence, as estimates based on global risk factor prevalence have limited relevance from a national perspective. Physical inactivity, hearing loss, hypertension, and obesity could be primary targets for prevention of dementia in Denmark. Highlights: Overall adjusted PAF for potentially modifiable dementia risk factors was 35%.Physical inactivity, hearing loss, hypertension, and obesity had the largest prevention potential.Estimates of prevention potential should be based on national risk factor prevalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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28. Prediction of non-recovery from ventilator-demanding acute respiratory failure, ARDS and death using lung damage biomarkers: data from a 1200-patient critical care randomized trial

Author

Jensen, Jens-Ulrik S., Itenov, Theis S., Thormar, Katrin M., Hein, Lars, Mohr, Thomas T., Andersen, Mads H., Løken, Jesper, Tousi, Hamid, Lundgren, Bettina, Boesen, Hans Christian, Johansen, Maria E., Ostrowski, Sisse R., Johansson, Pär I., Grarup, Jesper, Vestbo, Jørgen, Lundgren, Jens D., Steensen, M., Thornberg, K., Bestle, M., Strange, D., Lauritsen, A. Ø., Søe-Jensen, P., Reiter, N., Drenck, N. E., Fjeldborg, P., Fox, Z., Kjær, J., Kristensen, D., Rasmussen, M. B., Hallas, C. S.v., Zacho, M., Østergaard, C., Petersen, P. L., Hougaard, S., Mantoni, T., Nebrich, L., Bendtsen, A., Andersen, L. H., Bærentzen, F., Eversbusch, Andreas, Bømler, B., Martusevicius, R., Nielsen, T., Bådstøløkken, P. M., Grevstad, U., Hallas, P., Lindhardt, A., Galle, T., Graeser, K., Hohwu-Christensen, E., Gregersen, P., Pedersen, L. M., Rye, I., Cordtz, J., Madsen, K. R., Kirkegaard, P. R. C., Findsen, L., Nielsen, L. H., Pedersen, D. H., Andersen, J. H., Albrechtsen, C., Jacobsen, A., Jansen, T., Jensen, A. G., Jørgensen, H. H., Vazin, M., Lipsius, L., Skielboe, M., Thage, B., Thoft, C., Uldbjerg, M., Anderlo, E., Engsig, M., Hani, F., Jacobsen, R. B., Mulla, L., Skram, U., Waldau, T., Faber, T., Andersen, B., Gillesberg, I., Christensen, A., Hartmann, C., Albret, R., Dinesen, D. S., Gani, K., Ibsen, M., Petersen, J. A., Carl, P., Gade, E., Solevad, D., Heiring, C., Jørgensen, M., Ekelund, K., Afshari, A., Hammer, N., Bitsch, M., Hansen, J. S., Wamberg, C., Clausen, T. D., Winkel, R., Huusom, J., Buck, D. L., Grevstad, U., Lenz, K., Mellado, P., Karacan, H., Hidestål, J., Høgagard, J., Højbjerg, J., Højlund, J., Hestad, S., Østergaard, M., Wesche, N., Nielsen, S. A., Christensen, H., Blom, H., Jensen, C. H., Nielsen, K., Holler, N. G., Rossau, C. D., Glæemose, M., Wranér, M. B., Thomsen, C. B., Rasmussen, B., Lund-Rasmussen, C., Bech, B., Bjerregaard, K., Spliid, L., Nielsen, L. L. W., Larsen, K. M., Goldinger, M., Illum, D., Jessen, C., Christiansen, A., Berg, A., Elkmann, T., Pedersen, J. A. K., Simonsen, M., Joensen†, H., Alstrøm, H., Svane, C., Engquist, A., and For The Procalcitonin And Survival Study (PASS) Group

Published
2016
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35. Sublethal effects of microplastic and oil co-exposure on biological rates and lipid profiles of keystone Arctic copepods.

Author

Almeda, R., Rodriguez-Torres, R., Rist, S., Winding, M., Jonasdottir, S., and Nielsen, T. Gissel

Subjects
EMERGING contaminants, CALANUS finmarchicus, ANIMAL droppings, OIL spills, PETROLEUM
Abstract

Microplastics (MPs) and petroleum hydrocarbons are contaminants of emerging concern in the Arctic, but little is known about their co-exposure effects. In this study, we present the first assessment of the sublethal impacts resulting from combined exposure to microplastics and oil in three key Arctic copepod species. Specifically, we investigated the effects of a 5-day exposure to oil alone (1 μL L−1) and in combination with MPs (polyethylene microspheres, 20 μm, 20 MP mL−1) and dispersant (Corexit 9500, 0.05 μL L−1) on the biological functions and lipid profiles of the planktonic copepods Metridia longa , Calanus finmarchicus , and Calanus glacialis. Exposure to oil alone caused a significant reduction (34–58%) in fecal pellet production, but neither microplastics nor dispersant increased the negative effect of oil on fecal pellet production. C. glacialis and C. finmarchicus exposed to the studied pollutants for 5 days produced eggs with delayed hatching and lower hatching success. The highest hatching inhibition (50%) was observed in eggs of C. glacialis exposed to oil plus MPs and dispersant for five days. This indicates that maternal transfer of oil components to eggs negatively affects embryonic development and hatching. Lipid content and fatty acids profiles varied among the studied copepod species but were not affected by the tested pollutants after five days of exposure. By microscopical observation of fecal pellets, ingestion of small oil droplets and MPs was confirmed in all species, but the estimated ingestion of MPs was low (<25 MPs cop−1 d−1, <0.2% of total offered MPs) suggesting avoidance of MP consumption in copepods. Our results indicate that virgin MPs did not increase the toxicity of oil to the studied Arctic copepods under co-exposure conditions, and dispersants can slightly increase certain adverse effects of oil (hatching). However, environmentally relevant concentrations of oil alone can negatively impact Arctic keystone copepods and potentially the biological carbon pump. These findings emphasize the need to reduce petrogenic pollution and the risk of oil spills in the sensitive Arctic ecosystem. [Display omitted] • Low ingestion of polyethylene microplastics (20 μm) in Arctic copepods. • Environmentally relevant oil concentrations were toxic to Arctic copepods. • Fecal pellet production was highly sensitive to acute oil droplet exposure. • Microplastics did not increase oil toxicity to the studied copepod species. • Chemical dispersant increased the toxicity of oil on copepod hatching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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36. Posters display III clinical outcome and PET

Author

Baliño, N. Nestor Perez, Masoli, O., Traverso, S., Grynberg, L., Rappallo, C., Redruello, M., Rosa, D., Cragnolino, D., Meretta, A., Vidal, L., Graf, S., Khorsand, A. Aliasghar, Gyongyosi, M., Karanikas, G., Eidherr, H., Kletter, K., Porenta, G., Glogar, D., Sochor, H., Beheshti, M., Poetzi, C., Wadsak, W., Porenta, G., Maurer, G., Wolfram, J., Winter, O. Olivier De, Velghe, A., Veire, N. Van de, Bondt, P. De, Buyzere, M. De, Wiele, C. Van de, Backer, G. De, Gillebert, T. C., Dierckx, R. A., Sutter, J. De, Bernard, D., Langlois, M., Duarte, P. S. Paulo, Mastrocolla, L. E., Sampaio, C. R. E., Rossi, J. M., Smanio, P. E., Lima, E. V., Oliveira, C. A. R., Pereira, J. C. R., Smanio, P. Paola, Beraldo, P., Rodrigues, F., Thom, A., Yoshinaga, K. Keiichiro, Ukkonen, H., Burwash, I., DeKemp, R., Dafoe, W., Davies, R., Haddad, H., Ruddy, T., DaSilva, J., Beanlands, R., Chow, B., Williams, K., Garrard, L., Szeto, A., Aung, M., Sondergaard, H. Hanne, Bottcher, M., Madsen, M. M., Schmitz, O., Nielsen, T. T., Botker, H. E., Høilund-Carlsen, P. F. Poul F., Johansen, A., Christensen, H. W., Vach, W., Møldrup, M., Haghfelt, T., Johansen, A. Allan, Høilund-Carlsen, P. F., Christensen, H. W., Møldrup, M., Kristensen, J. Jens Hedega, Maeng, M., Mortensen, U. M., Berg, J. S., Rehling, M., Nielsen, T. T., Elsaban, K. Khaled, El-Kady, T., El-Gabaly, M., Yehia, A., El-Sayed, M., Naum, A. Alexandru, Laaksonen, M. S., Tuunanen, H., Oikonen, V., Kemppainen, J., Järvisalo, M. J., Nuutila, P., Knuuti, J., Vanzetto, G. Gerald, Jacon, P., Fagret, D., Machecourt, J., Lindner, O. Oliver, Vogt, J., Kammeier, A., Fricke, E., Wielepp, P., Baller, D., Lamp, B., Holzinger, J., Horstkotte, D., Burchert, W., Nekolla, S. G. Stephan, Souvatzoglou, M., Hausleiter, J., Henke, N., Kruschke, K., Bengel, F., Schwaiger, M., Sundaram, P. S. Palaniswamy Shanmuga, Padma, S., Haridas, K. K., Kumar, S., Zachariah, M., Livschitz, S. Shay, Zornitzki, T., Vered, S., Oettinger, M., Levy, R., Caspi, A., Faraggi, D., Knobler, H., Mats, I., Solodky, A., Ben-Gal, T., Battler, A., Zafrir, N. Nili, Varani, E. Elisabetta, Balducelli, M., Severi, S., Patroncini, A. L., Vecchi, G., Gatti, C., Corbelli, C., Casanova, R., Maresta, A., Cittanti, C. Corrado, Valgimigli, M., Giganti, M., Malagutti, P., Percoco, G., Bagatin, E., Panareo, S., Avigni, N., Ferrari, R., Feggi, L., Filardi, P. Pasquale Perrone, Cuocolo, A., Storto, G., Brevetti, G., Dellegrottaglie, S., Corrado, L., Cafiero, M., Polimeno, M., Zarrilli, A., Chiariello, M., Marcassa, C. Claudio, Campini, R., Calza, P., Giannuzzi, P., Galassi, A. R. Alfredo, Grasso, C., Azzarelli, S., Leotta, E., Moshiri, S., Tamburino, C., Acampa, W., Ferro, A., Petretta, M., Salvatore, M., Cuocolo, A. Alberto, Pieri, P. L. Pierluigi, Berta, R., Moscatelli, G., Buccoliero, F., Inglese, E., Marcassa, C. Claudio, Medolago, G., Imperiale, A., Rimini, M. L. De, Bertagna, F., Sullo, P., Lupo, M., Cappagli, M., Fukuda, H. Hiroshi, Kunimasa, T., Furuhashi, T., Moroi, M., Yasuhi, W. Watanabe, Akihiro, S., Akio, Y., Ryou, K., Kimio, T., Yasunori, W., Yasuhiko, T., Nariaki, E., Watabe, H. Hiroshi, Teramoto, N., Ohta, Y., Kou, Y., Hayashi, T., Iida, H., Bom, H. S. Hee-Seung, Song, H. C., Min, J. J., Heo, Y. J., Seo, J. H., Lee, J. Jae-Tae, Bae, J. H., Jeong, S. Y., Ahn, B. C., Chae, S. C., Lee, K. B., Popiel, M. Malgorzata, Grajek, S., Czepczynski, R., Breborowicz, P., Lesiak, M., Czyz, A., Sawinski, K., Komarnicki, M., Cieslinski, A., Sowinski, J., Ferreira, A. António, Ventosa, A., Gil, V., Calqueiro, J., Lima, S., Aguiar, C., Couto, R., Raposo, L., Seabra-Gomes, R., Vasconcelos, M. Mariana, Martins, E., Faria, T., Oliveira, A., Garcia, M., Pereira, J., Rocha-Gonçalves, F., Lourenço, C. Cândida, Roque, C., Ferrer-Antunes, A., Ferreira, M., Providência, L. A., Lima, J., Medrea, C. Claudia, Bogdan, R., Lazar, A., Mot, S., Capilneanu, R., Kozulin, V. Vickenty, Berkovich, O., Ivashchenko, T., Larionova, V., Esipovich, I., Gordeev, M., Panov, A., Shlyakhto, E., Burova, N., Baranov, D., Timoshin, V., Chuprova, S., Shkolnikova, M., Zaklyazminskaya, E., Poliakov, A., Sazonova, S. Svetlana, Romero-Farina, G., Arenillas, J. F., Candell-Riera, J., Aguadè-Bruix, S. Santiago, Leon, G. De, Molina, C. A., Chacon, P., Montaner, J., Rovira, A., Alvarez-Sabin, J., Namdar, M. Mehdi, Siegrist, P. T., Grathwohl, R., Delaloye, R., Koepfli, P., Wyss, C. A., Kaufmann, P. A., Bartenstein, N., Hellermann, J., Siegrist, P. T. Patrick, Namdar, M., Pollack, C., Schurr, U., Kaufmann, P. A., Zellweger, M. J. Michael, Burger, P. C., Mueller-Brand, J., Pfisterer, M. E., Gordon, L. Leonie, Epps, A., Chiarameda, S., Navare, S. Sachin, Ahlberg, A., Cyr, G., Katten, D., Ausef, A., Heller, G., Darrow, B. Bruce, Thomas, G. S. Gregory, Ip, T. K., Thompson, R. C., Kramer, D. B., Rice, D. L., Thomas, J. J., Miyamoto, M. I., Druz, R. S. Regina, Nichols, K. J., Akinboboye, O. O., Reichek, N., Podrasky, E. Ernest, Tuttle, R. T. Robert, Shaw, L. S. Linda, Hanson, M. W. H. Michael, Borges-Neto, S. Salvador, Lundbye, J. Justin, Werden, S., Kazi, F., Whalen, A., Noble, G. L., O’Sullivan, D., Boden, W. E., Heller, G. V., Ausef, A. Amir, Ahlberg, A. W., Danias, P. G., Papaioannou, G. I., Leka, I. A., Boden, W. E., Heller, G. V., Beretta, M. Mario, Viňas, S., Gonzalez, A., Vidal, I., and Rener, A.

Published
2005
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