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554 results on '"Nielsen, Jeppe Lund"'

16. Unraveling the genetic potential of nitrous oxide reduction in wastewater treatment: insights from metagenome-assembled genomes.

Author

Schacksen, Patrick Skov and Nielsen, Jeppe Lund

Subjects
*GREENHOUSE gases, *SEWAGE disposal plants, *NITROUS oxide, *DENITRIFICATION, *WASTEWATER treatment
Abstract

This study explores the genetic landscape of nitrous oxide (N2O) reduction in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) by profiling 1,083 high-quality metagenomeassembled genomes (HQ MAGs) from 23 Danish full-scale WWTPs. The focus is on the distribution and diversity of nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ) genes and their association with other nitrogen metabolism pathways. A custom pipeline for clade-specific nosZ gene identification with higher sensitivity revealed 503 nosZ sequences in 489 of these HQ MAGs, outperforming existing Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) module-based methods. Notably, 48.7% of the total 1,083 HQ MAGs harbored nosZ genes, with clade II being predominant, accounting for 93.7% of these genes. Taxonomic profiling highlighted the prevalence of nosZ-containing taxa within Bacteroidota and Pseudomonadota. Chloroflexota exhibited unexpected affiliations with both the sec and tat secretory pathways, and all were found to contain the accessory nosB gene, underscoring the importance of investigating the secretory pathway. The majority of non-denitrifying N2O reducers were found within Bacteroidota and Chloroflexota. Additionally, HQ MAGs with genes for dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium and assimilatory nitrate reduction frequently co-occurred with the nosZ gene. Traditional primers targeting nosZ often focus on short-length amplicons. Therefore, we introduced custom-designed primer sets targeting near-full-length nosZ sequences. These new primers demonstrate efficacy in capturing diverse and well-characterized sequences, providing a valuable tool with higher resolution for future research. In conclusion, this comprehensive analysis enhances our understanding of N2O-reducing organisms in WWTPs, highlighting their potential as N2O sinks with the potential for optimizing wastewater treatment processes and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. What can Camera Concepts Sense for You - that Conventional Sampling Methods do not?

Author

Madsen, Niels, Irlind, Amanda, Jørgensen, Alex, Sønnichsen, Karen Ankersen, Pedersen, Malte, Schmidt, Jonathan Eichild, Johansen, Anders Skaarup, Humblot-Renaux, Galadrielle, Moeslund, Thomas B., de Jonge, Nadieh, and Nielsen, Jeppe Lund

Subjects
SONAR, OCEAN zoning, ARTIFICIAL intelligence, UNDERWATER cameras, ENVIRONMENTAL mapping
Published
2024

26. Comparing DNA metabarcoding with faecal analysis for diet determination of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Vejlerne, Denmark

Author

Pertoldi, Cino, Schmidt, Jakob Braüner, Thomsen, Patrick Møller, Nielsen, Louise Bach, de Jonge, Nadieh, Iacolina, Laura, Muro, Federico, Nielsen, Kristian Trøjelsgaard, Pagh, Sussie, Lauridsen, Torben Linding, Andersen, Line Holm, Yashiro, Erika, Lukassen, Mie Bech, Nielsen, Jeppe Lund, Elmeros, Morten, and Bruhn, Dan

Published
2021
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42. A Review of the Occurrence of Metals and Xenobiotics in European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus).

Author

Rasmussen, Sophie Lund, Pertoldi, Cino, Roslev, Peter, Vorkamp, Katrin, and Nielsen, Jeppe Lund

Subjects
BIOINDICATORS, ORGANOCHLORINE pesticides, PERSISTENT pollutants, XENOBIOTICS, HEDGEHOGS, RODENTICIDES, FIREPROOFING agents, BIOPESTICIDES
Abstract

Simple Summary: The European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) is a popular visitor in gardens and recreational areas all over Europe, but hedgehog populations are declining. Research exploring the causes of the decline, including exposure to potentially harmful pollutants and metals, may provide relevant information to improve conservation initiatives to protect this species in the wild. Hedgehogs are ground-dwelling mammals, feeding on a range of different food items such as insects, slugs, snails, and earthworms but also eggs, live vertebrates, and carrion, and therefore come into close contact with pollutants present in their habitats and in their prey. This review investigated published research on the occurrence of metals and pollutants in hedgehogs and found that a vast range of different pesticides; rodenticides; persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including organochlorine compounds and brominated flame retardants (BFRs); as well as toxic heavy metals could be detected in samples from hedgehogs representing different European countries. Due to their ecology, combined with the opportunity to apply non-invasive sampling techniques through the collection of spines as sampling material, we suggest that the European hedgehog is a relevant bioindicator species for monitoring the exposure of omnivorous terrestrial wildlife to potential toxicants in urban and rural environments. Monitoring data from several European countries indicate that European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) populations are declining, and research exploring the causes of the decline, including exposure to potentially harmful xenobiotics and metals, may inform conservation initiatives to protect this species in the wild. Hedgehogs are ground-dwelling mammals, feeding on a range of insects, slugs, snails, and earthworms, as well as eggs, live vertebrates, and carrion, including carcasses of apex predator species representing higher levels of the food chain. Consequently, hedgehogs come into close contact with contaminants present in their habitats and prey. This review investigated the studies available on the subject of the occurrence of metals and organic xenobiotics in hedgehogs. This study found that a vast range of different pesticides; persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including organochlorine compounds and brominated flame retardants (BFRs); as well as toxic heavy metals could be detected. Some compounds occurred in lethal concentrations, and some were associated with a potential adverse effect on hedgehog health and survival. Due to their ecology, combined with the opportunity to apply non-invasive sampling techniques using spines as sampling material, we suggest that the European hedgehog is a relevant bioindicator species for monitoring the exposure of terrestrial wildlife to potential toxicants in urban and rural environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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47. Proteomic characterisation of polyethylene terephthalate and monomer degradation by Ideonella sakaiensis

Author

Poulsen, Jan Struckmann and Nielsen, Jeppe Lund

Subjects
Proteomics, Plastic degrader, MHETase, Polyethylene terephthalate, PETase, Biophysics, β-Oxidation, Biochemistry
Abstract

Synthetic plastics, like polyethylene terephthalate (PET), have become an essential part of modern life. Many of these products are remarkably persistent in the environment, and the accumulation in the environment is recognised as a major threat. Therefore, an increasing interest has been focusing on the screening for organisms able to degrade and assimilate the plastic. Ideonella sakaiensis originally isolated from a plastisphere has been reported as a bacterium that was solely thriving on the degradation on PET films. The processes affected by the presence of PET and its monomeric substances terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, ethyl glycolate, and sodium glyoxylate monohydrate were elucidated by analysis of differential protein expression. The exposure of PET and its monomers induced the MHETase and affect two major pathways: the TCA cycle and the β-oxidation pathway. The increased expression of proteins directly or indirectly involved in these pathways suggests their underlying importance in the degradation of PET by I. sakaiensis since these proteins are mechanistically supporting the enzymes involved in the degradation of PET and its monomers.

Published
2023

50. Proteomic Changes in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Exposed to Cannabinoids

Author

Poulsen, Jan Struckmann, Kjærager Nielsen, Christina, Pedersen, Nina Ahrendt, Wimmer, Reinhard, Sondergaard, Teis Esben, Jonge, Nadieh de, and Nielsen, Jeppe Lund

Subjects
Proteomics, antibiotic resistance, THC, CBN, adjuvant, Cannabinoids, CBD, MRSA
Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of infections. Its resistance to β-lactam antibiotics complicates treatment due to the limited number of antibiotics with activity against MRSA. To investigate development of alternative therapeutics, the mechanisms that mediate antibiotic resistance in MRSA need to be fully understood. In the present study, MRSA cells were subjected to antibiotic stress from methicillin in combination with three cannabinoid compounds and analyzed using proteomics to assess the changes in physiology. Subjecting MRSA to nonlethal levels of methicillin resulted in an increased production of penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2). Exposure to cannabinoids showed antibiotic activity against MRSA, and differential proteomics revealed reduced levels of proteins involved in the energy production as well as PBP2 when used in combination with methicillin.

Published
2023

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