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1. Adoption of Blockchain Platform for Security Enhancement in Energy Transaction

Author

Gupta, Madhuresh, Giri, Soumyakanti, Shanmugam, Prabhakar Karthikeyan, Bhaskar, Mahajan Sagar, Holm-Nielsen, Jens Bo, and Padmanaban, Sanjeevikumar

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

Renewable energy has become a reality in the present and is being preferred by countries to become a considerable part of the central grid. With the increasing adoption of renewables it will soon become crucial to have a platform which would facilitate secure transaction of energy for consumers as well as producers. This paper discusses and implements a Blockchain based platform which enhances and establishes a secure method to exchange energy. It would also lower the operation costs and accommodate other technologies like the IoT. A basic market mechanism has been developed for peer-to-peer (P2P) transaction of energy where different types of entities can be directly involved. Another concept which is discussed in the paper is the consensus mechanism and whether the model market could hold the security and privacy of the individual users., Comment: 11 Pages, 6 Figures

Published
2023

3. Preface

Author

Padmanaban, Sanjeevikumar, primary, Dhanaraj, Rajesh Kumar, additional, Holm-Nielsen, Jens Bo, additional, Krishnamoorthi, Sathya, additional, and Balusamy, Balamurugan, additional

Published
2023
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8. Task difficulty of visually guided gait modifications involves differences in central drive to spinal motor neurons.

Author

Larsen, Helle Hüche, Justiniano, Mikkel Damgaard, Frisk, Rasmus Feld, Lundbye-Jensen, Jesper, Farmer, Simon Francis, and Nielsen, Jens Bo

Subjects
ANKLE joint, MOTOR neurons, LEG muscles, ATTENTION control, MEDICAL rehabilitation
Abstract

Walking in natural environments requires visually guided modifications, which can be more challenging when involving sideways steps rather than longer steps. This exploratory study investigated whether these two types of modifications involve different changes in the central drive to spinal motor neurons of leg muscles. Fifteen adults [age: 36 ± 6 (SD) years] walked on a treadmill (4 km/h) while observing a screen displaying the real-time position of their toes. At the beginning of the swing phase, a visual target appeared in front (forward) or medial-lateral (sideways) of the ground contact in random step cycles (approximately every third step). We measured three-dimensional kinematics and electromyographic activity from leg muscles bilaterally. Intermuscular coherence was calculated in the alpha (5–15 Hz), beta (15–30 Hz), and gamma bands (30–45 Hz) approximately 230 ms before and after ground contact in control and target steps. Results showed that adjustments toward sideways targets were associated with significantly higher error, lower foot lift, and higher cocontraction between antagonist ankle muscles. Movements toward sideways targets were associated with larger beta-band soleus (SOL): medial gastrocnemius (MG) coherence and a more narrow and larger peak of synchronization in the cumulant density before ground contact. In contrast, movements toward forward targets showed no significant differences in coherence or synchronization compared with control steps. Larger SOL:MG beta-band coherence and short-term synchronization were observed during sideways, but not forward, gait modifications. This suggests that visually guided gait modifications may involve differences in the central drive to spinal ankle motor neurons dependent on the level of task difficulty. NEW & NOTEWORTHY: This exploratory study suggests a specific and temporally restricted increase of central (likely corticospinal) drive to ankle muscles in relation to visually guided gait modifications. The findings indicate that a high level of visual attention to control the position of the ankle joint precisely before ground contact may involve increased central drive to ankle muscles. These findings are important for understanding the neural mechanisms underlying visually guided gait and may help develop rehabilitation interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Photovoltaic Systems

Author

Sundaram, K. Mohana, primary, Padmanaban, Sanjeevikumar, additional, Holm-Nielsen, Jens Bo, additional, and Pandiyan, P., additional

Published
2022
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12. Power Electronic Converter Configuration and Control for DC Microgrid Systems.

Author

Holm-Nielsen, Jens Bo, Holm-Nielsen, Jens Bo, and Sanjeevikumar, Padmanaban

Subjects
Energy industries & utilities, History of engineering & technology
Abstract

Summary: The DC/AC microgrid system is a crucial empowering technology for the integration of various types of renewable energy sources (RES) accompanied by a smart control approach to enhance the system reliability and efficiency. This book presents cutting-edge technology developments and recent investigations performed with the help of power electronics. Large-scale renewable energy integration presents challenges and issues for power grids. In particular, these issues include microgrid adaption to RES, AC machines, the new configuration of AC/DC converters, and electrification of domestic needs with optimal cost expenses from domestic standalone microgrids. Furthermore, this book elaborates cutting-edge developments in electric vehicle fast charging configuration, battery management, and control schemes with renewable energies through hardware-in-loop testing and validation for performance durability in real-time application. Overall, the book covers the diverse field of microgrids, allowing readers to adopt new technologies and prepare for future power demands with sustainable green engineering.

14. A scoping review on muscle cramps and spasms in upper motor neuron disorder-two sides of the same coin?

Author

Therkildsen, Eva Rudjord, Kaster, Pernille, Nielsen, Jens Bo, Therkildsen, Eva Rudjord, Kaster, Pernille, and Nielsen, Jens Bo

Abstract

Background: Muscle cramps are typically regarded as benign muscle overactivity in healthy individuals, whereas spasms are linked to spasticity resulting from central motor lesions. However, their striking similarities made us hypothesize that cramping is an under-recognized and potentially misidentified aspect of spasticity. Methods: A systematic search on spasms and cramps in patients with Upper Motor Neuron Disorder (spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury, and stroke) was carried out in Embase/Medline, aiming to describe the definitions, characteristics, and measures of spasms and cramps that are used in the scientific literature. Results: The search identified 4,202 studies, of which 253 were reviewed: 217 studies documented only muscle spasms, 7 studies reported only cramps, and 29 encompassed both. Most studies (n = 216) lacked explicit definitions for either term. One-half omitted any description and when present, the clinical resemblance was significant. Various methods quantified cramp/spasm frequency, with self-reports being the most common approach. Conclusion: Muscle cramps and spasms probably represent related symptoms with a shared pathophysiological component. When considering future treatment strategies, it is important to recognize that part of the patient’s spasms may be attributed to cramps., BACKGROUND: Muscle cramps are typically regarded as benign muscle overactivity in healthy individuals, whereas spasms are linked to spasticity resulting from central motor lesions. However, their striking similarities made us hypothesize that cramping is an under-recognized and potentially misidentified aspect of spasticity.METHODS: A systematic search on spasms and cramps in patients with Upper Motor Neuron Disorder (spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury, and stroke) was carried out in Embase/Medline, aiming to describe the definitions, characteristics, and measures of spasms and cramps that are used in the scientific literature.RESULTS: The search identified 4,202 studies, of which 253 were reviewed: 217 studies documented only muscle spasms, 7 studies reported only cramps, and 29 encompassed both. Most studies (n = 216) lacked explicit definitions for either term. One-half omitted any description and when present, the clinical resemblance was significant. Various methods quantified cramp/spasm frequency, with self-reports being the most common approach.CONCLUSION: Muscle cramps and spasms probably represent related symptoms with a shared pathophysiological component. When considering future treatment strategies, it is important to recognize that part of the patient's spasms may be attributed to cramps.

Published
2024

33. Introduction

Author

Kumar, A. Rakesh, primary, Deepa, T., additional, Padmanaban, Sanjeevikumar, additional, and Holm-Nielsen, Jens Bo, additional

Published
2020
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38. Conclusion and Future Scope

Author

Sanjeevikumar, P., primary, Nithiyananthan, K., additional, Karthikeyan, S. Prabhakar, additional, and Holm-Nielsen, Jens Bo, additional

Published
2020
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40. Answering the call: co-designing a global trials network for cerebral palsy

Author

Adde, Lars, Arnaud, Catherine, Brandao, Marina, Brochard, Sylvain, Buizer, Annemieke, Craig, Simon, Dan, Bernard, Fahey, Michael, Fairhurst, Charlie, Fehlings, Darcy, Friel, Kathleen, Gross, Paul, Guzzetta, Andrea, Eliasson, Ann-Christin, Høi-Hansen, Christina, Jahnsen, Reidun Birgitta, Johansen, Mette, Mwesige, Angelina Kakooza, Ketelaar, Marjolijn, Lind, Karin, Longo, Egmar, Maimann, Bente, Namara, Maria Mc, Mesterman, Ronit, Mitchell, Jenna, Monbaliu, Elegast, Morgan, Catherine, Newman, Christopher J., Nielsen, Jens Bo, Novak, Iona, Ortibus, Els, Rackauskaite, Gija, Ritterband-Rosenbaum, Anina, Sigurdardottir, Solveig, Snelling, Tom, Shrader, M. Wade, Griffin, Alexandra, Justiniano, Mikkel Damgaard, Webb, Annabel, and Snelling, Thomas

Published
2024
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47. Using Motion Tracking to Detect Spontaneous Movements in Infants

Author

Olsen, Mikkel D., Herskind, Anna, Nielsen, Jens Bo, Paulsen, Rasmus R., Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Paulsen, Rasmus R., editor, and Pedersen, Kim S., editor

Published
2015
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48. Model-Based Motion Tracking of Infants

Author

Olsen, Mikkel Damgaard, Herskind, Anna, Nielsen, Jens Bo, Paulsen, Rasmus Reinhold, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Agapito, Lourdes, editor, Bronstein, Michael M., editor, and Rother, Carsten, editor

Published
2015
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