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2. Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records

Author

Thompson, Ellen J., Williams, Dylan M., Walker, Alex J., Mitchell, Ruth E., Niedzwiedz, Claire L., Yang, Tiffany C., Huggins, Charlotte F., Kwong, Alex S. F., Silverwood, Richard J., Di Gessa, Giorgio, Bowyer, Ruth C. E., Northstone, Kate, Hou, Bo, Green, Michael J., Dodgeon, Brian, Doores, Katie J., Duncan, Emma L., Williams, Frances M. K., Steptoe, Andrew, Porteous, David J., McEachan, Rosemary R. C., Tomlinson, Laurie, Goldacre, Ben, Patalay, Praveetha, Ploubidis, George B., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Tilling, Kate, Rentsch, Christopher T., Timpson, Nicholas J., Chaturvedi, Nishi, and Steves, Claire J.

Published
2022
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7. Vitamin D concentrations and COVID-19 infection in UK Biobank

Author

Hastie, Claire E., Mackay, Daniel F., Ho, Frederick, Celis-Morales, Carlos A., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Niedzwiedz, Claire L., Jani, Bhautesh D., Welsh, Paul, Mair, Frances S., Gray, Stuart R., O’Donnell, Catherine A., Gill, Jason MR., Sattar, Naveed, and Pell, Jill P.

Published
2020
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19. Mental health and well-being during the second wave of COVID-19: longitudinal analyses of the UK COVID-19 Mental Health and Wellbeing study (UK COVID-MH)

Author

Ferguson, Eamonn, Wetherall, Karen, Cleare, Seonaid, McClelland, Heather, Melson, Ambrose J., Niedzwiedz, Claire L., Platt, Steve, Scowcroft, Elizabeth, Watson, Billy, Zortea, Tiago, and Robb, Kathryn A.

Subjects
suicidal ideation, depression, COVID-19, general population, mental health
Abstract

BackgroundWaves 1 to 3 (March 2020 to May 2020) of the UK COVID-19 Mental Health & Wellbeing study suggested an improvement in some indicators of mental health across the first 6 weeks of the UK lockdown, however, suicidal ideation increased. AimsTo report the prevalence of mental health and wellbeing of adults in the UK from March/April 2020 to February 2021.MethodQuota sampling was employed at wave 1 (March/April 2020), and online surveys were conducted at 7 time-points. Primary analyses cover wave 4 (May/June 2020), wave 5 (July/August 2020), wave 6 (October 2020), and wave 7 (February 2021), including a period of increased restrictions in the UK. Mental health indicators were suicidal ideation, self-harm, suicide attempt, depression, anxiety, defeat, entrapment, loneliness and wellbeing. Results 2691 (87.5% of wave 1) participated in at least one survey between waves 4 to 7. Depressive symptoms and loneliness increased from October 2020 to February 2021. Defeat and entrapment increased from July/August 2020 to October 2020 and remained elevated in February 2021. Wellbeing decreased from July/August 2020 to October 2020. Anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation did not change. Young adults, women, those socially disadvantaged, or with a mental health condition reported worse mental health.ConclusionsThe mental health and wellbeing of the UK population deteriorated from July/August 2020 to October 2020 and February 2021, a period coinciding with the second wave of COVID-19. Suicidal thoughts did not decrease significantly suggesting a need for continued vigilance as we recover from the pandemic.

Published
2022

20. Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records

Author

Thompson, Ellen J, Williams, Dylan M, Walker, Alex J, Mitchell, Ruth E, Niedzwiedz, Claire L, Yang, Tiffany C, Huggins, Charlotte F, Kwong, Alex SF, Silverwood, Richard J, Di Gessa, Giorgio, Bowyer, Ruth CE, Northstone, Kate, Hou, Bo, Green, Michael J, Dodgeon, Brian, Doores, Katie J, Duncan, Emma L, Williams, Frances MK, OpenSAFELY Collaborative, Steptoe, Andrew, Porteous, David J, McEachan, Rosemary RC, Tomlinson, Laurie, Goldacre, Ben, Patalay, Praveetha, Ploubidis, George B, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Tilling, Kate, Rentsch, Christopher T, Timpson, Nicholas J, Chaturvedi, Nishi, and Steves, Claire J

Abstract

The frequency of, and risk factors for, long COVID are unclear among community-based individuals with a history of COVID-19. To elucidate the burden and possible causes of long COVID in the community, we coordinated analyses of survey data from 6907 individuals with self-reported COVID-19 from 10 UK longitudinal study (LS) samples and 1.1 million individuals with COVID-19 diagnostic codes in electronic healthcare records (EHR) collected by spring 2021. Proportions of presumed COVID-19 cases in LS reporting any symptoms for 12+ weeks ranged from 7.8% and 17% (with 1.2 to 4.8% reporting debilitating symptoms). Increasing age, female sex, white ethnicity, poor pre-pandemic general and mental health, overweight/obesity, and asthma were associated with prolonged symptoms in both LS and EHR data, but findings for other factors, such as cardio-metabolic parameters, were inconclusive.

Published
2022

21. Mental health and well-being during the second wave of COVID-19: longitudinal analyses of the UK COVID-19 Mental Health and Wellbeing study (UK COVID-MH)

Author

Wetherall, Karen, Cleare, Seonaid, Mcclelland, Heather, Melson, Ambrose J., Niedzwiedz, Claire L., O’Carroll, Ronan E., O’Connor, Daryl B., Platt, Steve, Scowcroft, Elizabeth, Watson, Billy, Zortea, Tiago, Ferguson, Eamonn, Robb, Kathryn A., and O'Connor, Rory C.

Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health
Abstract

Background Waves 1 to 3 (March 2020 to May 2020) of the UK COVID-19 Mental Health and Wellbeing study suggested an improvement in some indicators of mental health across the first 6 weeks of the UK lockdown; however, suicidal ideation increased. Aims To report the prevalence of mental health and well-being of adults in the UK from March/April 2020 to February 2021. Method Quota sampling was employed at wave 1 (March/April 2020), and online surveys were conducted at seven time points. Primary analyses cover waves 4 (May/June 2020), 5 (July/August 2020), 6 (October 2020) and 7 (February 2021), including a period of increased restrictions in the UK. Mental health indicators were suicidal ideation, self-harm, suicide attempt, depression, anxiety, defeat, entrapment, loneliness and well-being. Results A total of 2691 (87.5% of wave 1) individuals participated in at least one survey between waves 4 and 7. Depressive symptoms and loneliness increased from October 2020 to February 2021. Defeat and entrapment increased from July/August 2020 to October 2020, and remained elevated in February 2021. Well-being decreased from July/August 2020 to October 2020. Anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation did not change. Young adults, women, those who were socially disadvantaged and those with a pre-existing mental health condition reported worse mental health. Conclusions The mental health and well-being of the UK population deteriorated from July/August 2020 to October 2020 and February 2021, which coincided with the second wave of COVID-19. Suicidal thoughts did not decrease significantly, suggesting a need for continued vigilance as we recover from the pandemic.

Published
2022

23. Psychological Distress Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Adults in the United Kingdom Based on Coordinated Analyses of 11 Longitudinal Studies

Author

Patel, Kishan, primary, Robertson, Elaine, additional, Kwong, Alex S. F., additional, Griffith, Gareth J., additional, Willan, Kathryn, additional, Green, Michael J., additional, Di Gessa, Giorgio, additional, Huggins, Charlotte F., additional, McElroy, Eoin, additional, Thompson, Ellen J., additional, Maddock, Jane, additional, Niedzwiedz, Claire L., additional, Henderson, Morag, additional, Richards, Marcus, additional, Steptoe, Andrew, additional, Ploubidis, George B., additional, Moltrecht, Bettina, additional, Booth, Charlotte, additional, Fitzsimons, Emla, additional, Silverwood, Richard, additional, Patalay, Praveetha, additional, Porteous, David, additional, and Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, additional

Published
2022
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24. A Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Happiness: Consistent Genetic Effects Across the Lifespan and Across Genetic Ancestries in Multiple Cohorts

Author

Ward, Joey, primary, Lyall, Laura, additional, Cullen, Breda, additional, Strawbridge, Rona J., additional, Zhu, Xingxing, additional, Stanciu, Ioana, additional, Aman, Alisha, additional, Niedzwiedz, Claire L., additional, Anderson, Jana, additional, Bailey, Mark E. S., additional, Lyall, Donald M., additional, and Pell, Jill, additional

Published
2022
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28. Remote history of VTE is associated with severe COVID‐19 in middle and older age: UK Biobank cohort study

Author

Anderson, Jana J., Ho, Frederick K., Niedzwiedz, Claire L., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Celis‐Morales, Carlos, Iliodromiti, Stamatina, Welsh, Paul, Pellicori, Pierpaolo, Demou, Evangelia, Hastie, Claire E., Lyall, Donald M., Gray, Stuart R., Forbes, John F., Gill, Jason M.R., Mackay, Daniel F., Berry, Colin, Cleland, John G.F., Sattar, Naveed, and Pell, Jill P.

Published
2021
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30. Psychological Distress Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Adults in the United Kingdom: Coordinated Analyses of 11 Longitudinal Studies

Author

Patel, Kishan, primary, Robertson, Elaine, additional, Kwong, Alex S. F., additional, Griffith, Gareth J, additional, Willan, Kathryn, additional, Green, Michael J, additional, Di Gessa, Giorgio, additional, Huggins, Charlotte F., additional, McElroy, Eoin, additional, Thompson, Ellen J., additional, Maddock, Jane, additional, Niedzwiedz, Claire L, additional, Henderson, Morag, additional, Richards, Marcus, additional, Steptoe, Andrew, additional, Ploubidis, George B., additional, Moltrecht, Bettina, additional, Booth, Charlotte, additional, Fitzsimons, Emla, additional, Silverwood, Richard, additional, Patalay, Praveetha, additional, Porteous, David, additional, and Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, additional

Published
2021
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32. Pre-pandemic mental health and disruptions to healthcare, economic and housing outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from 12 UK longitudinal studies

Author

Di Gessa, Giorgio, primary, Maddock, Jane, additional, Green, Michael J., additional, Thompson, Ellen J., additional, McElroy, Eoin, additional, Davies, Helena L., additional, Mundy, Jessica, additional, Stevenson, Anna J., additional, Kwong, Alex S. F., additional, Griffith, Gareth J., additional, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, additional, Niedzwiedz, Claire L., additional, Ploubidis, George B., additional, Fitzsimons, Emla, additional, Henderson, Morag, additional, Silverwood, Richard J., additional, Chaturvedi, Nish, additional, Breen, Gerome, additional, Steves, Claire J., additional, Steptoe, Andrew, additional, Porteous, David J., additional, and Patalay, Praveetha, additional

Published
2021
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35. Correction: Multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and COVID-19 infection within the UK Biobank cohort

Author

McQueenie, Ross, primary, Foster, Hamish M. E., additional, Jani, Bhautesh D., additional, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, additional, Sattar, Naveed, additional, Pell, Jill P, additional, Ho, Frederick K., additional, Niedzwiedz, Claire L., additional, Hastie, Claire E., additional, Anderson, Jana, additional, Mark, Patrick B., additional, Sullivan, Michael, additional, O’Donnell, Catherine A., additional, Mair, Frances S., additional, and Nicholl, Barbara I., additional

Published
2021
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38. Pre-pandemic mental health and disruptions to healthcare, economic, and housing outcomes during COVID –19: evidence from 12 UK longitudinal studies

Author

Gessa, Giorgio Di, primary, Maddock, Jane, additional, Green, Michael J., additional, Thompson, Ellen J., additional, McElroy, Eoin, additional, Davies, Helena L., additional, Mundy, Jessica, additional, Stevenson, Anna J., additional, Kwong, Alex S.F., additional, Griffith, Gareth J., additional, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, additional, Niedzwiedz, Claire L., additional, Ploubidis, George B., additional, Fitzsimons, Emla, additional, Henderson, Morag, additional, Silverwood, Richard J., additional, Chaturvedi, Nish, additional, Breen, Gerome, additional, Steves, Claire J., additional, Steptoe, Andrew, additional, Porteous, David J, additional, and Patalay, Praveetha, additional

Published
2021
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39. Mental health and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health & Wellbeing study

Author

O'Connor, Rory C., Wetherall, Karen, Cleare, Seonaid, Mcclelland, Heather, Melson, Ambrose J., Niedzwiedz, Claire L., O'Carroll, Ronan E., O'Connor, Daryl B., Platt, Steve, Scowcroft, Elizabeth, Watson, Billy, Zortea, Tiago, Ferguson, Eamonn, and Robb, Kathryn A.

Subjects
suicidal ideation, depression, COVID-19, general population, mental health
Abstract

Background; The effects of COVID-19 on the population's mental health and wellbeing are likely to be profound and long-lasting.\ud Aims: To investigate the trajectory of mental health and wellbeing during the first six weeks of lockdown in adults in the UK.\ud Method: A quota survey design and a sampling frame that permitted recruitment of a national sample was employed. Findings for waves 1 (31st March to 9th April 2020), 2 (10th April to 27th April 2020) and 3 (28th April to 11th May 2020) are reported here. A range of mental health factors was assessed: pre-existing mental health problems, suicide attempts and self-harm, suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, defeat, entrapment, mental well-being, and loneliness.\ud Results: A total of 3077 adults in the UK completed the survey at wave 1. Suicidal ideation increased over time. Symptoms of anxiety, levels of defeat and entrapment decreased across waves whereas levels of depressive symptoms did not change significantly. Positive wellbeing also increased. Levels of loneliness did not change significantly over waves. Sub- group analyses showed that females, young people (18-29 years), those from more socially disadvantaged backgrounds, and those with pre-existing mental health problems have worse mental health outcomes during the pandemic across most factors.\ud Conclusions: The mental health and wellbeing of the UK adult population appears to have been affected in the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The increasing rates of suicidal thoughts across waves, especially among young adults, are concerning.

Published
2020

44. Is older age associated with COVID-19 mortality in the absence of other risk factors? General population cohort study of 470,034 participants

Author

Ho, Frederick K., primary, Petermann-Rocha, Fanny, additional, Gray, Stuart R., additional, Jani, Bhautesh D., additional, Katikireddi, S. Vittal, additional, Niedzwiedz, Claire L., additional, Foster, Hamish, additional, Hastie, Claire E., additional, Mackay, Daniel F., additional, Gill, Jason M. R., additional, O'Donnell, Catherine, additional, Welsh, Paul, additional, Mair, Frances, additional, Sattar, Naveed, additional, Celis-Morales, Carlos A., additional, and Pell, Jill P., additional

Published
2020
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45. Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for COVID-19, and comparison to risk factors for influenza and pneumonia: results from a UK Biobank prospective cohort study

Author

Ho, Frederick K, primary, Celis-Morales, Carlos A, additional, Gray, Stuart R, additional, Katikireddi, S Vittal, additional, Niedzwiedz, Claire L, additional, Hastie, Claire, additional, Ferguson, Lyn D, additional, Berry, Colin, additional, Mackay, Daniel F, additional, Gill, Jason MR, additional, Pell, Jill P, additional, Sattar, Naveed, additional, and Welsh, Paul, additional

Published
2020
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46. Mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health & Wellbeing study

Author

O'Connor, Rory C., primary, Wetherall, Karen, additional, Cleare, Seonaid, additional, McClelland, Heather, additional, Melson, Ambrose J., additional, Niedzwiedz, Claire L., additional, O'Carroll, Ronan E., additional, O'Connor, Daryl B., additional, Platt, Steve, additional, Scowcroft, Elizabeth, additional, Watson, Billy, additional, Zortea, Tiago, additional, Ferguson, Eamonn, additional, and Robb, Kathryn A., additional

Published
2020
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47. Pre-pandemic mental health and disruptions to healthcare, economic and housing outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from 12 UK longitudinal studies.

Author

Di Gessa, Giorgio, Maddock, Jane, Green, Michael J., Thompson, Ellen J., McElroy, Eoin, Davies, Helena L., Mundy, Jessica, Stevenson, Anna J., Kwong, Alex S. F., Griffith, Gareth J., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Niedzwiedz, Claire L., Ploubidis, George B., Fitzsimons, Emla, Henderson, Morag, Silverwood, Richard J., Chaturvedi, Nish, Breen, Gerome, Steves, Claire J., and Steptoe, Andrew

Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic, MENTAL health, LONGITUDINAL method, HEALTH equity, PSYCHOLOGICAL distress, RESEARCH funding
Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted lives and livelihoods, and people already experiencing mental ill health may have been especially vulnerable.Aims: Quantify mental health inequalities in disruptions to healthcare, economic activity and housing.Method: We examined data from 59 482 participants in 12 UK longitudinal studies with data collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Within each study, we estimated the association between psychological distress assessed pre-pandemic and disruptions since the start of the pandemic to healthcare (medication access, procedures or appointments), economic activity (employment, income or working hours) and housing (change of address or household composition). Estimates were pooled across studies.Results: Across the analysed data-sets, 28% to 77% of participants experienced at least one disruption, with 2.3-33.2% experiencing disruptions in two or more domains. We found 1 s.d. higher pre-pandemic psychological distress was associated with (a) increased odds of any healthcare disruptions (odds ratio (OR) 1.30, 95% CI 1.20-1.40), with fully adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.24 (95% CI 1.09-1.41) for disruption to procedures to 1.33 (95% CI 1.20-1.49) for disruptions to prescriptions or medication access; (b) loss of employment (odds ratio 1.13, 95% CI 1.06-1.21) and income (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.06 -1.19), and reductions in working hours/furlough (odds ratio 1.05, 95% CI 1.00-1.09) and (c) increased likelihood of experiencing a disruption in at least two domains (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.18-1.32) or in one domain (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.07-1.16), relative to no disruption. There were no associations with housing disruptions (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.97-1.03).Conclusions: People experiencing psychological distress pre-pandemic were more likely to experience healthcare and economic disruptions, and clusters of disruptions across multiple domains during the pandemic. Failing to address these disruptions risks further widening mental health inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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48. Mental health and health behaviours before and during the initial phase of the COVID-19 lockdown: longitudinal analyses of the UK Household Longitudinal Study

Author

Niedzwiedz, Claire L, primary, Green, Michael James, additional, Benzeval, Michaela, additional, Campbell, Desmond, additional, Craig, Peter, additional, Demou, Evangelia, additional, Leyland, Alastair, additional, Pearce, Anna, additional, Thomson, Rachel, additional, Whitley, Elise, additional, and Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, additional

Published
2020
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49. Corrigendum to “Vitamin D concentrations and COVID-19 infection in UK Biobank” [Diabetes Metabol Syndr: Clin Res Rev 2020 14 (4) 561–5]

Author

Hastie, Claire E., primary, Mackay, Daniel F., additional, Ho, Frederick, additional, Celis-Morales, Carlos A., additional, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, additional, Niedzwiedz, Claire L., additional, Jani, Bhautesh D., additional, Welsh, Paul, additional, Mair, Frances S., additional, Gray, Stuart R., additional, O’Donnell, Catherine A., additional, Gill, Jason MR., additional, Sattar, Naveed, additional, and Pell, Jill P., additional

Published
2020
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50. Multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and COVID-19 infection within the UK Biobank cohort

Author

McQueenie, Ross, primary, Foster, Hamish M. E., additional, Jani, Bhautesh D., additional, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, additional, Sattar, Naveed, additional, Pell, Jill P., additional, Ho, Frederick K., additional, Niedzwiedz, Claire L., additional, Hastie, Claire E., additional, Anderson, Jana, additional, Mark, Patrick B., additional, Sullivan, Michael, additional, O’Donnell, Catherine A., additional, Mair, Frances S., additional, and Nicholl, Barbara I., additional

Published
2020
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