Search

This study aims to demonstrate current research priorities and predict future trends in the link between kidney disease and gut microbiota by means of scientometric analysis. We collected nearly 20 years (2001-2020) of publications related to kidney disease and gut microbiota in the Web of Science database. CiteSpace was used to evaluate the knowledge mapping. There are 965 manuscripts about kidney disease and gut microbiota in total, and faster growth after 2016. The country, institution, and author who posted the most are the USA, Univ Calif Irvine, and DENISE MAFRA, respectively. The frequencies are 109, 16, and 17. The most important of them are FRANCE (0.23), Fed Univ Parana UFPR (0.13), and VAZIRI ND (1.14), owing to their highest centrality. In addition, the cited documents that have contributed the most to the co-citations are Wong J (2014); the most key cited reference is Rossi M (2016); the most commonly used keywords are chronic kidney disease, gut microbiota and indoxyl sulfate. Through scientometric analysis of the past 20 years, we obtained the knowledge map of this information, which has important guiding significance for accurately and quickly locating trends in this field., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of resistance exercise on peripheral inflammatory biomarkers in healthy adults., Materials and Methods: Four databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SPORTDiscus, were searched from inception until April 1st, 2022. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model, followed by sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, meta-regression analysis, and publication bias analysis., Results: 15 randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that resistance exercise significantly decreased TNF-α levels (SMD = -0.81, 95% CI: -1.42 to -0.20, p = 0.009) but did not affect IL-6 and CRP levels. Individuals with BMI 18.5-24.9 exhibited significantly decreased IL-6 levels, while moderate strength resistance exercise could significantly decrease TNF-α levels. Finally, age might be a confounding factor influencing the effect of resistance exercise on IL-6., Conclusions: Resistance exercise could reduce TNF-α levels in healthy adults, and resistance exercise with moderate intensity could reduce TNF-α levels more effectively.

Objective: With this meta-analysis we aimed at systematically evaluating the intervention effects of aerobic exercise on inflammatory factors in healthy adults and identifying an optimal aerobic exercise program with anti-inflammatory effects., Materials and Methods: Four databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and SPORTDiscus, were searched from inception until April 30, 2021. Stata version 11.0 was used for data analysis., Results: A total of 15 studies with 1160 participants were included. The pooled estimates showed that aerobic exercise could significantly reduce TNFα levels (SMD=-0.30, 95% CI: -0.58 - -0.03, p=0.032), while the levels of IL-6 (SMD=-0.14, 95% CI: -0.32-0.03, p=0.109) and CRP (SMD=-0.09, 95% CI: -0.34-0.16, p=0.484) were not significantly affected., Conclusions: Aerobic exercise exerts a positive effect by preventing inflammation-related diseases.

Background: Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is an effective method of postoperative pain, there have been many studies performed that have compared the efficacy of hydromorphone with continuous sufentanil. The purpose of this systematic review is to compare the efficacy and safety of hydromorphone and sufentanil., Methods: Seven databases were searched for controlled trials to compare the efficacy and safety of hydromorphone and sufentanil. After selecting the studies, extracting the data, and assessing study quality, the meta-analysis was performed on several of the studies with RevMan 5.3., Results: Thirteen studies comprised of 812 patients were found. The pain intensity of the hydromorphone group was significantly lower than that of the sufentanil group at 12 hours. With no statistical difference at 24 to 48 hours (MD12 = -1.52, 95% CI [-2.13, -1.97], P <.05). The sedation intensity of the hydromorphone group at 12, 24, and 48 hours were lower than those of the sufentanil group, with no statistical difference (MD12 = -0.03, 95% CI [-0.18, 0.12], P > .05; MD24 = -0.20, 95% CI [-0.42, 0.03], P > .05; MD48 = -0.03, 95% CI [-0.18, 0.11)], P > .05). The PCA requests in the hydromorphone group were less than that in the sufentanil group, and there was no significant difference (RR = -0.20, 95% CI [-1.93,1.53], P > .05). The incidence of adverse events in the hydromorphone group was less than that in the sufentanil group, and there was a statistical difference: (RR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.47,0.79], P < .05)., Conclusion: Compared with sufentanil, PCA with hydromorphone was more effective in relieving pain and PCA requests 12, 24, and 48 hours after operation, and significantly reduced the incidence of adverse events, but it did not have an advantage in sedation intensity., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interests to disclose., (Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

To explore the influence of the influent flow distribution ratio on the denitrification efficiency of low-temperature urban wastewater and analyze the denitrification of multi-level AO coupled flow biochemical process, three-level AO-coupled biofilm technology was used to treat simulated low-C/N urban sewage at a temperature of 10℃±1℃, hydraulic retention time of 8 h, and constant air-water ratio. The reactors were operated under three conditions of inlet water ratios of 5:4:4 (equal volume load), 3:2:1 (equal hydraulic retention time), and 25:15:6 (equal sludge load). The study showed that the multi-level AO-coupled displacement biochemical process has a good removal efficiency with respect to low-temperature and low-C/N wastewater. The pollutant removal efficiency is the highest when the ratio of the influent is 3:2:1 and the average removal rates of COD, NH 4 + -N, and TN are 87.44%, 96.63%, and 76.81%, respectively. Further studies on the law of nitrogen migration and transformation showed that the main factors constraining the nitrogen removal under three conditions were the nitrification efficiency at each levels, the ratio of 3:2:1 influent reasonably distributing the influent load, and the nitrification efficiency at each level exceeding 85%, creating favorable conditions for denitrification and leading to a higher denitrification efficiency, while the system has the highest total biomass. The research results enrich the theory of multi-level AO cryogenic removal of nitrogen and provide references for engineering designs and applications.

Background: The pathophysiology of early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is poorly understood. The present study evaluates the influence of zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) knockout and the depletion of vesicular zinc on EBI., Methodology: SAH was induced in ZnT3 KO mice by internal carotid artery perforation. The changes in behavior were recorded at 24 hours after SAH. Hematoxylin-eosin, Nissl and TUNEL staining were performed to evaluate neuronal apoptosis. Data from mice with a score of 8-12 in intracerebral bleeding (i.e. moderate SAH), were analyzed., Results: The degree of SAH-induced neuronal injury was directly correlated to the amount of blood lost, which in turn was negatively reflected in their behavior. The Wild Type (WT)-SAH group behaved poorly when compared to the knockout (KO)-SAH mice and their poor neurological score was accompanied by an increase in the number of apoptotic neurons. Conversely, the improvement of behavior in the KO-SAH group was associated with a marked reduction in apoptotic neurons., Conclusions: These results suggest that ZnT3 knockout may have played a vital role in the attenuation of neuronal injury after SAH and that ZnT3 may prove to be a potential therapeutic target for neuroprotection in EBI.

The hydrolysis mechanism and the kinetics of using 2-dinitromethylene-5,5-dinitropyrimidine-4,6-dione (NMP) to prepare the representative insensitive energetic material 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) in a nitric-sulfuric acid system are systematically investigated via a density functional theory (DFT) method. The impact of the co-existing acidic group of HSO 4 - as well as the solvent effects of the mixed acids on the hydrolysis of NMP are elucidated and discerned, and the proposed catalysis and promotion of the hydrolysis of NMP with HSO 4 - are verified. The HSO 4 - -catalyzed hydrolysis pathway is more favorable than the direct pathway as well as the H 2 O-catalyzed hydrolysis, indicating that HSO 4 - may be a promising catalyst for the preparation of FOX-7 in a mixed acid system. The present study is expected to provide a better understanding of the hydrolysis of NMP, and will significantly help with better preparation of FOX-7 and other nitro-energetic materials., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)