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Tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are highly carcinogenic by-products in tobacco samples, and their presence is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic polymers that have been "imprinted" with a template analyte in a co-polymer system, and can selectively extract analytes from complex matrices. MIPs can be incorporated into online systems, replacing traditional high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns. MIP material specific for TSNAs was packed into an empty HPLC column using a slurry packing technique. The developed method with the MIP-packed HPLC column was validated on a LC-MS/MS system for the quantitation of N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in commercial tobacco products. The method was linear over .1-10 ng/ml (.4-10 µg/g) for NNN and NNK. The limit of detection (LOD) was .03 ng/ml (12 µg/g) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ), .1 ng/ml (.4 µg/g). All column uniformity parameters with the exception of theoretical plate number were within the accepted criteria (% RSD values <15%). Theoretical plate number was <250, owing to the large (50 µm) sized MIP particles. Twenty-six tobacco products contained TSNA concentrations that were consistent with reported literature values. The TSNA-MIP based HPLC column effectively replaced a traditional reverse phase HPLC column, and was used for the direct analysis of nicotine and tobacco products without extensive sample preparation prior to instrumental analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Engaging young adults for the purpose of communicating health risks associated with nicotine and tobacco use can be challenging since they comprise a population heavily targeted with appealing marketing by the evolving tobacco industry. The Food and Drug Administration seeks novel ways to effectively communicate risks to warn about using these products. This paper describes the first step in developing a text messaging program delivered by smartphones that manipulate three messaging characteristics (i.e., depth, framing, and appeal). Methods Perceptions of community college students were described after previewing text messages designed to inform about risks of using conventional and new tobacco products. Thirty-one tobacco users and nonusers, aged 18–25 participated in five focus discussions held on two community college campuses. Attendees reviewed prototype messages and contributed feedback about text message structure and content. Qualitative data were coded and analyzed using NVivo Version 10. Results Most participants were female and two-thirds were ethnic minorities. A variety of conventional and new tobacco products in the past month were used by a third of participants. Three identified domains were derived from the qualitative data. These included perceived risks of using tobacco products, receptivity to message content, and logistical feedback regarding the future message campaign. Conclusion Overall, participants found the messages to be interesting and appropriate. A gap in awareness of the risks of using new tobacco products was revealed. Feedback on the prototype messages was incorporated into message revisions. These findings provided preliminary confirmation that the forthcoming messaging program will be appealing to young adults.

Background: Engaging young adults for the purpose of communicating health risks associated with nicotine and tobacco use can be challenging since they comprise a population heavily targeted with appealing marketing by the evolving tobacco industry. The Food and Drug Administration seeks novel ways to effectively communicate risks to warn about using these products. This paper describes the first step in developing a text messaging program delivered by smartphones that manipulate three messaging characteristics (i.e., depth, framing, and appeal).Methods: Perceptions of community college students were described after previewing text messages designed to inform about risks of using conventional and new tobacco products. Thirty-one tobacco users and nonusers, aged 18-25 participated in five focus discussions held on two community college campuses. Attendees reviewed prototype messages and contributed feedback about text message structure and content. Qualitative data were coded and analyzed using NVivo Version 10.Results: Most participants were female and two-thirds were ethnic minorities. A variety of conventional and new tobacco products in the past month were used by a third of participants. Three identified domains were derived from the qualitative data. These included perceived risks of using tobacco products, receptivity to message content, and logistical feedback regarding the future message campaign.Conclusion: Overall, participants found the messages to be interesting and appropriate. A gap in awareness of the risks of using new tobacco products was revealed. Feedback on the prototype messages was incorporated into message revisions. These findings provided preliminary confirmation that the forthcoming messaging program will be appealing to young adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are highly carcinogenic by-products in tobacco samples, and their presence is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic polymers that have been "imprinted" with a template analyte in a co-polymer system, and can selectively extract analytes from complex matrices. MIPs can be incorporated into online systems, replacing traditional high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns. MIP material specific for TSNAs was packed into an empty HPLC column using a slurry packing technique. The developed method with the MIP-packed HPLC column was validated on a LC-MS/MS system for the quantitation of N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4- (methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in commercial tobacco products. The method was linear over .1-10 ng/ml (.4-10 μg/g) for NNN and NNK. The limit of detection (LOD) was .03 ng/ml (12 μg/g) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ), .1 ng/ml (.4 μg/g). All column uniformity parameters with the exception of theoretical plate number were within the accepted criteria (% RSD values <15%). Theoretical plate number was <250, owing to the large (50 μm) sized MIP particles. Twenty-six tobacco products contained TSNA concentrations that were consistent with reported literature values. The TSNA-MIP based HPLC column effectively replaced a traditional reverse phase HPLC column, and was used for the direct analysis of nicotine and tobacco products without extensive sample preparation prior to instrumental analysis., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.