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2. On the influence of bed roughness on saltation in inertial regime

Author

Minster, Gaspard, Floc'H, France, Valance, Alexandre, Le dantec, Nicolas, Nicolle, Amandine, Zerr, Benoit, Minster, Gaspard, Floc'H, France, Valance, Alexandre, Le dantec, Nicolas, Nicolle, Amandine, and Zerr, Benoit

Abstract

In extreme tidal environment, occurrences of saltating pebbles have been observed. The ambition to instal hydrokinetic turbines in such environment requires knowledge on the presence of pebbles in saltation in the water column because they can damage the structures. An experimental study is realized in a free‐surface flume with no slope and different bed roughnesses as in marine environment. With fast camera the trajectories of hundreds of spherical particles are analysed. Our study deals with saltation in the inertial regime (i.e., large Stokes number) over fixed beds with various roughnesses. In inertial regime, the bed roughness has more influence on the collision process and the trajectory of the particles than for non‐inertial motion where viscous forces play a key role. Jump height and length increase with bed roughness, with height increasing quicker than length leading to a more vertical trajectory for higher bed roughness. The vertical restitution coefficient is shown to increase with bed roughness leading to higher jumps. The initiation of the motion is shown to depend on the bed roughness as well. Power laws of the excess shear stress are proposed for jump height and length, taking into account the bed roughness. The dataset and analysis proposed in this study is a key ingredient for developing quantitative models for particle transport.

Published
2024
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6. Coupling large-spatial scale larval dispersal modelling with barcoding to refine the amphi-Atlantic connectivity hypothesis in deep-sea seep mussels

Author

Portanier, Elodie, primary, Nicolle, Amandine, additional, Rath, Willi, additional, Monnet, Lorraine, additional, Le Goff, Gregoire, additional, Le Port, Anne-Sophie, additional, Daguin-Thiébaut, Claire, additional, Morrison, Cheryl L., additional, Cunha, Marina R., additional, Betters, Melissa, additional, Young, Craig M., additional, Van Dover, Cindy L., additional, Biastoch, Arne, additional, Thiébaut, Eric, additional, and Jollivet, Didier, additional

Published
2023
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7. Coupling large-spatial scale larval dispersal modelling with barcoding to refine the amphi-Atlantic connectivity hypothesis in deep-sea seep mussels

Author

Portanier, Elodie, Nicolle, Amandine, Rath, Willi, Monnet, Lorraine, Le Goff, Gregoire, Le Port, Anne-Sophie, Daguin-Thiébaut, Claire, Morrison, Cheryl L., Cunha, Marina R., Betters, Melissa, Young, Craig M., Van Dover, Cindy L., Biastoch, Arne, Thiebaut, Eric, Jollivet, Didier, Portanier, Elodie, Nicolle, Amandine, Rath, Willi, Monnet, Lorraine, Le Goff, Gregoire, Le Port, Anne-Sophie, Daguin-Thiébaut, Claire, Morrison, Cheryl L., Cunha, Marina R., Betters, Melissa, Young, Craig M., Van Dover, Cindy L., Biastoch, Arne, Thiebaut, Eric, and Jollivet, Didier

Abstract

In highly fragmented and relatively stable cold-seep ecosystems, species are expected to exhibit high migration rates and long-distance dispersal of long-lived pelagic larvae to maintain genetic integrity over their range. Accordingly, several species inhabiting cold seeps are widely distributed across the whole Atlantic Ocean, with low genetic divergence between metapopulations on both sides of the Atlantic Equatorial Belt (AEB, i.e. Barbados and African/European margins). Two hypotheses may explain such patterns: (i) the occurrence of present-day gene flow or (ii) incomplete lineage sorting due to large population sizes and low mutation rates. Here, we evaluated the first hypothesis using the cold seep mussels Gigantidas childressi, G. mauritanicus, Bathymodiolus heckerae and B. boomerang. We combined COI barcoding of 763 individuals with VIKING20X larval dispersal modelling at a large spatial scale not previously investigated. Population genetics supported the parallel evolution of Gigantidas and Bathymodiolus genera in the Atlantic Ocean and the occurrence of a 1-3 Million-year-old vicariance effect that isolated populations across the Caribbean Sea. Both population genetics and larval dispersal modelling suggested that contemporary gene flow and larval exchanges are possible across the AEB and the Caribbean Sea, although probably rare. When occurring, larval flow was eastward (AEB - only for B. boomerang) or northward (Caribbean Sea - only for G. mauritanicus). Caution is nevertheless required since we focused on only one mitochondrial gene, which may underestimate gene flow if a genetic barrier exists. Non-negligible genetic differentiation occurred between Barbados and African populations, so we could not discount the incomplete lineage sorting hypothesis. Larval dispersal modelling simulations supported the genetic findings along the American coast with high amounts of larval flow between the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and the US Atlantic Margin, although the Blak

Published
2023
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8. Coping with poachers in European stalked barnacle fisheries: Insights from a stakeholder workshop

Author

Geiger, Katja, Rivera, Antonella, Aguión, Alba, Álvarez, Jorge, Arrontes, Julio, Borrell, Yaisel Juan, Cruz, Teresa, Davoult, Dominique, Dubert, Jesús, Feis, Marieke, Fernandes, Joana, Fernández, Consolación, García-Flórez, Lucía, Jacinto, David, Jollivet, Didier, Macho, Gonzalo, Mateo, Elena, Mateus, David, Morán, Paloma, Muñiz, Carlota, Nicolle, Amandine, Nolasco, Rita, Parrondo, Marina, Queiroga, Henrique, Rico, José, Sousa, Alina, Román, Salvador, Silva, Teresa, Thiébaut, Eric, Vázquez, Elsa, Acuña, José Luis, École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne), and Département STIC [Brest] (STIC)

Subjects
Co-management, Territorial Use Rights for Fishing (TURFs), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Stalked barnacle fishery, Poaching, Stakeholder workshop, European Union
Abstract

International audience; In January 2020, a stakeholder workshop was organized as a knowledge sharing strategy among European stalked barnacle fisheries. Management of this fishery differs greatly among regions and ranges from less organized and governed at large scales (>100 km, coasts of SW Portugal and Brittany in France) to highly participatory systems which are co-managed at small spatial scales (10′s km and less, Galicia and Asturias). Discussions revealed that poaching is ubiquitous, hard to eradicate, and adapts to all types of management. The stakeholders identified some key management initiatives in the fight against poaching: granting professional harvesters with exclusive access to the resource, increasing social capital among harvesters through tenure systems (e.g. Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries) that empower them as stewards of their resource and intensification of surveillance with the active participation of the harvesters. Furthermore, increased cooperation between fishers associations and regional fisheries authorities, improved legal frameworks, adoption of new technologies and the implementation of market-based solutions can also help coping with this systemic problem.

Published
2022
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12. New insights on the population genetic structure of the great scallop ( Pecten maximus ) in the English Channel, coupling microsatellite data and demogenetic simulations

Author

Handal, William, Szostek, Claire, Hold, Natalie, Andrello, Marco, Thiébaut, Eric, Harney, Ewan, Lefebvre, Gwendoline, Borcier, Elodie, Jolivet, Aurélie, Nicolle, Amandine, Boyé, Aurelien, Foucher, Eric, Boudry, Pierre, Charrier, Gregory, Handal, William, Szostek, Claire, Hold, Natalie, Andrello, Marco, Thiébaut, Eric, Harney, Ewan, Lefebvre, Gwendoline, Borcier, Elodie, Jolivet, Aurélie, Nicolle, Amandine, Boyé, Aurelien, Foucher, Eric, Boudry, Pierre, and Charrier, Gregory

Abstract

The great scallop (Pecten maximus) is a commercially important bivalve in Europe, particularly in the English Channel, where fisheries are managed at regional and local scales through the regulation of fishing effort. In the long term, knowledge about larval dispersal and gene flow between populations is essential to ensure proper stock management. Yet, previous population genetic studies have reported contradictory results. In this study, scallop samples collected across the main fishing grounds along the French and English coasts of the English Channel (20 samples with temporal replicates for three sites, n = 1059 individuals), and the population genetic structure was analysed using 13 microsatellite loci. Coupling empirical genetic data with demogenetic modelling based on a biophysical model simulating larval exchanges among scallop beds revealed a subtle genetic differentiation between south‐west English populations and the rest of the English Channel, which was consistent with larval dispersal simulations. The present study provides a step forward in the understanding of great scallop population biology in the English Channel, underlining the fact that even in a context of potentially high gene flow and recent divergence times since the end of the last glacial maximum, weak but significant spatial genetic structure can be identified at a regional scale.

Published
2020
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16. New insights on the population genetic structure of the great scallop (Pecten maximus) in the English Channel, coupling microsatellite data and demogenetic simulations

Author

Handal, William, primary, Szostek, Claire, additional, Hold, Natalie, additional, Andrello, Marco, additional, Thiébaut, Eric, additional, Harney, Ewan, additional, Lefebvre, Gwendoline, additional, Borcier, Elodie, additional, Jolivet, Aurélie, additional, Nicolle, Amandine, additional, Boyé, Aurélien, additional, Foucher, Eric, additional, Boudry, Pierre, additional, and Charrier, Grégory, additional

Published
2020
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18. The PERCEBES project: science for the spatial management of the stalked barnacle fishery in the Atlantic Arc

Author

Geiger, Katja, primary, Acuña, José Luis, additional, Aguión, Alba, additional, Julio, Arrontes, additional, Ballenghiem, Marion, additional, Borrell, Yaisel J., additional, Broudin, Caroline, additional, Castro, João, additional, Chiss, Juliette, additional, Cruz, Teresa, additional, Davoult, Dominique, additional, Dubert, Jesus, additional, Dumont, Pierre-Antoine, additional, Marieke, Feis, additional, Fernandes, Joana N., additional, Fernández, Consolación, additional, García, Lucía, additional, Garcia-Vazquez, Eva, additional, Houbin, Céline, additional, Jacinto, David, additional, Jollivet, Didier, additional, Lejeusne, Christophe, additional, Macho, Gonzalo, additional, Mateus, David, additional, Morán, Paloma, additional, Muñiz, Carlota, additional, Nicolle, Amandine, additional, Nolasco, Rita, additional, Ojea, Elena, additional, Parrondo, Marina, additional, Perrier, Lucille, additional, Queiroga, Henrique, additional, Rico, José Manuel, additional, Rivera, Antonella, additional, Rueda, María Del Pino, additional, Silva, Teresa, additional, Sostres, Jorge, additional, Thiebaut, Eric, additional, and Vazquez, Elsa, additional

Published
2019
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19. Modéliser la dynamique sédimentaire du Raz Blanchard

Author

MINSTER, Gaspard, BLANPAIN, Olivier, Floc'H, France, Nicolle, Amandine, Valance, Alexandre, Le Dantec, Nicolas, Pôle STIC_OSM, École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne), Lab-STICC_ENSTAB_CID_PRASYS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SHOM, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2017

20. Le projet Hydrographie/Robotique au Lac de Guerlédan

Author

Nicolle, Amandine, Le Mézo, Thomas, Bosser, Pierre, Pôle STIC_OSM, École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne), Lab-STICC_ENSTAB_CID_PRASYS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

21. Periodic saltation under extreme tidal currents: an experimental study

Author

Minster, Gaspard, Floc'H, France, Valance, Alexandre, Dantec, Nicolas Le, Nicolle, Amandine, Filipot, Jean-François, Zerr, Benoit, Lab-STICC_ENSTAB_CID_PRASYS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Pôle STIC_OSM, École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)

Subjects
Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Restitution coefficient, [PHYS]Physics [physics], [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Experimental modelling, High Stokes number, Shields number, Saltation, hydrodynamics
Abstract

International audience; In extreme tidal environment and specifically in the Alderney race (English Channel, France), the ambition to install hydrokinetic turbines requires knowledge on the pebbles concentration in the water column. Some evidences of the presence of such coarse sediments at one meter above the bed have been found. An experimental study is realizedin a free surface flume for high Stokes number. With fast camera the trajectories of hundreds of spherical particles are analyzed. This study focuses on the characterization of the critical Shields number to intermittent and saltation regime and on the coefficient of restitution between the impact and the rebound velocity . The critical Shields numberis identified experimentally at 0.2. The restitution coefficient shows little dependence on the impact angle. Finally, the experimental maximum height reached by the spherical particles proves that lift and inertia forces are not negligible.

Published
2017

23. Modelling larval dispersal of Pecten maximus in the English Channel: a tool for the spatial management of the stocks

Author

Nicolle, Amandine, Moitie, Roderic, Ogor, Julien, Dumas, Franck, Foveau, Aurelie, Foucher, Eric, Thiebaut, Eric, Nicolle, Amandine, Moitie, Roderic, Ogor, Julien, Dumas, Franck, Foveau, Aurelie, Foucher, Eric, and Thiebaut, Eric

Abstract

The great scallop Pecten maximus supports one of the most important and valuable commercial fisheries around the British Isles and in the northwest of France, but the resource is mainly managed at the scale of each local fishing ground through a combination of European, national and local measures. To analyse the larval dispersal pathways and connectivity patterns among fishing grounds of the great scallop in the Celtic Sea and the English Channel, a particle tracking model was developed. The model combined a 3D physical circulation model that simulated currents and temperature fields and a scallop larval submodel that took into account a temperature-dependent planktonic larval duration and an active vertical swimming behaviour. Due to the lack of stock assessment at the regional scale, the location of the main fishing grounds was established by combining different sources (e.g. grey literature, unpublished scientific surveys, vessel monitoring data, fishermen) while the spawning biomass of each stock was estimated from landings data. Results indicated that each local stock could not be considered as a single independent management unit and that all stocks except that of the Bay of Brest were connected to neighbouring stocks, suggesting that the management should be defined in a metapopulation context. Three major groups of strongly interconnected stocks including two or three stocks exhibiting high retention and self-recruitment rates and some peripheral stocks with a low self-recruitment rate were defined: the North Brittany and Channel Islands, the eastern English Channel, and the SW of England. Our results were discussed in terms of the definition of management units in comparison with genetic and phenotypic data, and in terms of resource management in a transnational context.

Published
2017
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24. Modelling larval dispersal of Pecten maximus in the English Channel: a tool for spatialmanagement of stocks

Author

Thiébaut, Éric, Nicolle, Amandine, Ogor, J., Dumas, F., Foucher, E., Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle STIC_OSM, École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne), Lab-STICC_ENSTAB_CID_SFIIS, OSM, Département STIC [Brest] (STIC), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne), Dynamiques de l'Environnement Côtier (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), and Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO)

Subjects
MARS- 3D code, hydrodynamic processes, temperature, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography
Abstract

International audience; The king scallop (Pecten maximus) is one of the most important benthic species of the EnglishChannel as it constitutes the first fishery in terms of landings in this area. To support strategies ofspatial fishery management, we developed a high-resolution biophysical model to describe scallopdispersal in English Channel and to quantify the relative roles of local hydrodynamic processes,temperature dependent planktonic larval duration (PLD) and active swimming behaviour (SB) on theconnectivity between 18 stocks identified from different sources (e.g. ICES data, VMS data). TheEnglish Channel currents and temperature were simulated for 10 years (2000-2010) with the MARS-3D code and then used by the Lagrangian module of MARS-3D to model the larval dispersalpathways.Results were analysed in terms of larval distribution at settlement, the larval retention rate and theself-recruitment rate, two metrics commonly reported in studies on local populations’ persistence, andconnectivity among stocks. Furthermore, the connectivity among areas within a stock was assessed indetail on the examples of the two main stocks in the English Channel (i.e. Bay of Saint Brieuc and Bayof Seine) for which the distribution of scallops is well documented from annual stock surveys. Whilelarval transport in the English Channel depends both on the tidal residual circulation and the wind

Published
2015

25. Influence of Tidal Inlets on Tsunami Waves in the Atlantic (Charente Region, France)

Author

Amir, Lubna Amal, Nicolle, Amandine, Maurin, Jean-Christophe, Université de La Rochelle (ULR), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne), Pôle STIC_OSM, and Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, inlet, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], earthquake, French Atlantic, Oleron Island, modeling, tsunami, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography
Abstract

International audience; The French Atlantic coast seismicity is minor to moderate. Nevertheless, in western (north and central) part of France, the active tectonics related to the south Armorican and the Bay of Biscay context results sometimes in shallow earthquakes with magnitude above five (e.g., the Oleron seismic crisis, magnitude (local) = 5.2, 1972). The Charente region is featured by semi-diurnal tides that reach about six meters in height during the high tide period. Inlets are the main features of the Atlantic margin geomorphology nearby the Charente. Minor tsunamis have been observed and reported in the past. Here, we present a tsunami modelling computed with the TELEMAC package that solves the non linear shallow water equations. This work helps to identify the role of the inlets that characterize the Charente’s geomorphology on water wave’s propagation. A tidal model is considered while the tsunami simulation is performed. The modelling results show that the Antioche, the Maumusson and the Pertuis inlets protect the Charente coast from destructive waves.

Published
2014

29. Novel biophysical life cycle model for European anchovy in the northwestern Mediterranean: towards a fishery management tool

Author

Ospina-Álvarez, Andrés, Palomera, Isabel, Garreau, Pierre, Nicolle, Amandine, and Parada, Carolina

Abstract

A. Ospina-Alvarez, I. Palomera, P. Garreau, A. Nicolle, and C. E. Parada, “Novel biophysical life cycle model for European anchovy in the northwestern Mediterranean: towards a fishery management tool ,” ICES Annual Science Conference. Nantes, 20-Sep-2010. Recruitment of anchovy is thought to largely depend on the passive transport of eggs from spawning to nursery areas. However, biological parameters (i.e. early larvae density, egg buoyancy) affecting the transport and dispersion are scarce when dealing with population dynamics modelling. In this context, we consider an IBM for the transport and advection of anchovy eggs from spawning to hatching zones. This is the first time an IBM has been applied to field data of eggs and early-larvae densities at the Gulf of Lions (GoL). As in other studies, we configured particles as Lagrangian in the horizontal dimension and included buoy- ancy for virtual eggs in the vertical one. Additionally, we implemented an egg buoyancy model through development to simulate their realistic behaviour in the water column.

Published
2013
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30. MENOR: a high-resolution (1.2 km) modeling of the North-Western Mediterranean Sea routinely run by the PREVIMER operational forecast system

Author

Garnier, Valerie, Pairaud, Ivane, Nicolle, Amandine, Alekseenko, Elena, Baklouti, Melika, Thouvenin, Benedicte, Lecornu, Fabrice, Garreau, Pierre, Garnier, Valerie, Pairaud, Ivane, Nicolle, Amandine, Alekseenko, Elena, Baklouti, Melika, Thouvenin, Benedicte, Lecornu, Fabrice, and Garreau, Pierre

Abstract

IFREMER has encouraged for over 15 years the oceanographic modeling of sea waters all around the metropolitan French coasts in order to facilitate environmental coastal studies. In that context, the North-Western Mediterranean Sea confi guration (MENOR: 1.2 km – 60 vertical levels) has been introduced in the framework of Previmer operational forecasting system (http://www.previmer.org/en). This article gives an insight into the operational applications and scientific research using this MENOR configuration.

Published
2014

31. Modélisation des marées et des surcotes dans les Pertuis Charentais

Author

Nicolle, Amandine, Centre littoral de géophysique (CLDG), Institut du Littoral et de l'Environnement-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Université de La Rochelle, and Mikhail Karpytchev(mikhail.karpytchev@univ-lr.fr)

Subjects
modélisation numérique, houle, Pertuis Charentais, tide, storm surge, vent, wind, numerical modelling, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, storm, tempête, marée, surcote
Abstract

The variations of sea level during strong storm surges affect the coast provoking the severe flooding. The aim of this thesis is to provide a better understanding, using numerical modelisation (TELEMAC), of interactions between storm surge / tide / wave / wind in the generation and propagation of storm surges and tidal waves in the Pertuis Charentais, which, by a complex coastal line and shallow waters, are a site of great interest for this type of study. In this thesis, we have demonstrated that taking into account of these interactions is necessary for any model which aims to forecast precisely the strorm surges in the Pertuis Charentais.; Les variations du niveau marin lors des grandes tempêtes affectent le littoral en provoquant de sévères inondations. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'apporter, grâce à la modélisation numérique (chaîne TELEMAC), une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes d'interaction entre surcote / marée / houle / vent dans la génération et la propagation des surcotes et des raz de marée dans les Pertuis Charentais, qui, grâce à une ligne de côte complexe et des faibles profondeurs, représentent un grand intérêt pour ce type d'étude. Dans cette thèse, nous avons démontré que la prise en compte de ces interactions est indispensable pour un modèle qui prétend à une prédiction précise des surcotes dans les Pertuis Charentais.

Published
2006

34. Coupling large-spatial scale larval dispersal modelling with barcoding to refine the amphi-Atlantic connectivity hypothesis in deep-sea seep mussels

Author

Portanier, Elodie, Nicolle, Amandine, Rath, Willi, Monnet, Lorraine, Le Goff, Gregoire, Le Port, Anne-Sophie, Daguin-Thiebaut, Claire, Morrison, Cheryl L., Cunha, Marina R., Betters, Melissa, Young, Craig M., Van Dover, Cindy L., Biastoch, Arne, Thiebaut, Eric, Jollivet, Didier, Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Universidade de Aveiro, Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), University of Oregon [Eugene], Duke University Marine Laboratory, and European Project: 818123

Subjects
Global and Planetary Change, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ocean Engineering, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

In highly fragmented and relatively stable cold-seep ecosystems, species are expected to exhibit high migration rates and long-distance dispersal of long-lived pelagic larvae to maintain genetic integrity over their range. Accordingly, several species inhabiting cold seeps are widely distributed across the whole Atlantic Ocean, with low genetic divergence between metapopulations on both sides of the Atlantic Equatorial Belt (AEB, i.e. Barbados and African/European margins). Two hypotheses may explain such patterns: (i) the occurrence of present-day gene flow or (ii) incomplete lineage sorting due to large population sizes and low mutation rates. Here, we evaluated the first hypothesis using the cold seep mussels Gigantidas childressi, G. mauritanicus, Bathymodiolus heckerae and B. boomerang. We combined COI barcoding of 763 individuals with VIKING20X larval dispersal modelling at a large spatial scale not previously investigated. Population genetics supported the parallel evolution of Gigantidas and Bathymodiolus genera in the Atlantic Ocean and the occurrence of a 1-3 Million-year-old vicariance effect that isolated populations across the Caribbean Sea. Both population genetics and larval dispersal modelling suggested that contemporary gene flow and larval exchanges are possible across the AEB and the Caribbean Sea, although probably rare. When occurring, larval flow was eastward (AEB - only for B. boomerang) or northward (Caribbean Sea - only for G. mauritanicus). Caution is nevertheless required since we focused on only one mitochondrial gene, which may underestimate gene flow if a genetic barrier exists. Non-negligible genetic differentiation occurred between Barbados and African populations, so we could not discount the incomplete lineage sorting hypothesis. Larval dispersal modelling simulations supported the genetic findings along the American coast with high amounts of larval flow between the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and the US Atlantic Margin, although the Blake Ridge population of B. heckerae appeared genetically differentiated. Overall, our results suggest that additional studies using nuclear genetic markers and population genomics approaches are needed to clarify the evolutionary history of the Atlantic bathymodioline mussels and to distinguish between ongoing and past processes.

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