33 results on '"Nicolas Stefaniak"'
Search Results
2. Processing Verb Meanings and the Declarative/Procedural Model: A Developmental Study
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Nicolas Stefaniak, Véronique Baltazart, and Christelle Declercq
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procedural/declarative model ,language acquisition ,verb comprehension ,language understanding ,typicality effect ,grammaticality judgment ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
According to the Declarative/Procedural Model, the lexicon depends on declarative memory while grammar relies on procedural memory. Furthermore, procedural memory underlies the sequential processing of language. Thus, this system is important for predicting the next item in a sentence. Verb processing represents a good candidate to test this assumption. Semantic representations of verbs include information about the protagonists in the situations they refer to. This semantic knowledge is acquired implicitly and used during verb processing, such that the processing of a verb preactivates its typical patients (e.g., the window for break). Thus, determining how the patient typicality effect appears during children’s cognitive development could provide evidence about the memory system that is dedicated to this effect. Two studies are presented in which French children aged 6–10 and adults made grammaticality judgments on 80 auditorily presented sentences. In Experiment 1, the verb was followed by a typical patient or by a less typical patient. In Experiment 2, grammatical sentences were constructed such that the verb was followed either by a typical patient or by a noun that could not be a patient of that verb. The typicality effect occurs in younger children and is interpreted in terms of developmental invariance. We suggest that this effect may depend on procedural memory, in line with studies that showed that meaning is necessary to allow procedural memory to learn the sequence of words in a sentence.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Influence of Psychological Vulnerability Factors for Bipolar Disorders on a Semantic Mediated Priming Task
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Mélanie Labalestra, Nicolas Stefaniak, Laurent Lefebvre, and Chrystel Besche-Richard
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bipolar disorder ,vulnerability ,affective temperaments ,spreading activation ,semantic memory ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Hypomanic personality, hyperthymic temperament and irritable temperament are considered as psychological vulnerability factors to bipolar disorders. Semantic memory is impaired in bipolar patients. Spreading activation is among the probable candidates for accounting this impairment. The aim of this study was to assess spreading activation according to vulnerability factors continuum to determine whether it could be a factor of vulnerability to bipolar disorders. A sample of 61 healthy volunteers was recruited. Spreading activation was assessed by semantic mediated priming implemented in a double lexical decision task. Results shown that semantic mediated priming was negatively associated to hyperthymic temperament and irritable temperament. Impairment in semantic memory, and more specifically spreading activation, appear to be a cognitive factor of vulnerability to bipolar disorders. Our results can contribute to a better understanding of semantic impairment in vulnerable population and in bipolar disorder.
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- 2021
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4. Component process analysis of verbal memory in a sample of students with a binge drinking pattern
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Fabien Gierski, Nicolas Stefaniak, Farid Benzerouk, Pamela Gobin, Franca Schmid, Audrey Henry, Arthur Kaladjian, and Mickaël Naassila
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Alcohol ,Binge drinking ,Episodic memory ,Working memory ,Free and cued recall selective reminding test ,Students ,Psychology ,BF1-990 ,Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology ,HV1-9960 - Abstract
Background: Many studies have emphasized the harmful impact of binge drinking on several cognitive functions, including memory. However, the exact nature of the memory processes involved is still unknown. The present study was designed to assess verbal working memory and verbal episodic memory, especially its encoding, storage and retrieval processes, in binge drinking to identify the processes impacted by this behavior. Methods: Participants were 48 community-recruited college students aged 18–25 years and categorized as either binge drinkers (BDs) or social drinkers (SDs). They were assessed with (a) subtests of the Wechsler scale (digit span, letter–number sequencing) measuring verbal working memory, and (b) a modified version of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT), which measures verbal episodic memory functioning in various conditions of encoding (controlled) and recollection (free recall, cued recall, and recognition). Results: Verbal working memory was unaffected by binge drinking, whereas verbal episodic memory performances were reduced. In particular, analysis of the modified FCSRT scores suggested that BDs had less proficient storage and retrieval processes. Furthermore, correlational analyses indicated that the proficiency of these memory components was negatively correlated with several indicators of binge drinking behavior. Conclusions: Results suggest that binge drinking behavior affects the storage and recollection processes of verbal episodic memory. The academic failure described in binge drinkers could be partly related to this harmful effect. Our results on the negative impact of binge drinking on memory should be used to develop information campaigns targeting students.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The influence of vestibular system and fetal presentation on handedness, cognitive and motor development: A comparison between cephalic and breech presentation
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Jad Hamaoui, Nicolas Stefaniak, and Hervé Segond
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Cognitive Neuroscience ,Developmental and Educational Psychology - Abstract
Genetics are undoubtedly implicated in the ontogenesis of laterality. Nonetheless, environmental factors, such as the intrauterine environment, may also play a role in the development of functional and behavioral lateralization. The aim of this study was to test the Left-Otolithic Dominance Theory (LODT; Previc, 1991) by investigating a hypothetical developmental pattern where it is assumed that a breech presentation, which is putatively associated with a dysfunctional and weakly lateralized vestibular system, can lead to weak handedness and atypical development associated with language and motor difficulties. We used the ALSPAC cohort of children from 7 to 10 years of age to conduct our investigation. Our results failed to show an association between the vestibular system and fetal presentation, nor any influence of the latter on hand preference, hand performance, or language and motor development. Bayesian statistical analyses supported these findings. Contrary to our LODT-derived hypotheses, this study offers evidence that fetal presentation does not influence the vestibular system's lateralization and seems to be a poor indicator for handedness. Nonetheless, we found that another non-genetic factor, prematurity, could lead to atypical development of handedness.
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- 2022
6. Processing Verb Meanings and the Declarative/Procedural Model: A Developmental Study
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Véronique Baltazart, Christelle Declercq, and Nicolas Stefaniak
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Grammar ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Verb ,language understanding ,grammaticality judgment ,Lexicon ,typicality effect ,Procedural memory ,BF1-990 ,language acquisition ,Noun ,procedural/declarative model ,Psychology ,Semantic memory ,Grammaticality ,General Psychology ,Sentence ,Original Research ,verb comprehension ,Cognitive psychology ,media_common - Abstract
According to the Declarative/Procedural Model, the lexicon depends on declarative memory while grammar relies on procedural memory. Furthermore, procedural memory underlies the sequential processing of language. Thus, this system is important for predicting the next item in a sentence. Verb processing represents a good candidate to test this assumption. Semantic representations of verbs include information about the protagonists in the situations they refer to. This semantic knowledge is acquired implicitly and used during verb processing, such that the processing of a verb preactivates its typical patients (e.g., the window for break). Thus, determining how the patient typicality effect appears during children’s cognitive development could provide evidence about the memory system that is dedicated to this effect. Two studies are presented in which French children aged 6–10 and adults made grammaticality judgments on 80 auditorily presented sentences. In Experiment 1, the verb was followed by a typical patient or by a less typical patient. In Experiment 2, grammatical sentences were constructed such that the verb was followed either by a typical patient or by a noun that could not be a patient of that verb. The typicality effect occurs in younger children and is interpreted in terms of developmental invariance. We suggest that this effect may depend on procedural memory, in line with studies that showed that meaning is necessary to allow procedural memory to learn the sequence of words in a sentence.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Chapitre 5. Émotions et processus d’apprentissage implicite/explicite
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Mélanie Mazars and Nicolas Stefaniak
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- 2021
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8. Chapitre 6. Émotions et langage oral
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Camille Dauchez, Véronique Baltazart, and Nicolas Stefaniak
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- 2021
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9. Chapitre 2. Processus cognitifs et sociaux impliqués dans les apprentissages
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Nicolas Stefaniak
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- 2021
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10. Chapitre 4. Émotion et mémoire chez l’adulte et l’enfant
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Nicolas Stefaniak and Véronique Baltazart
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- 2021
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11. Le burn-out est-il une entité nosographique distincte ?
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Audrey Henry, K. Deleau, Franca Schmid, Tiphaine Huyghebaert, M. Cartier, Nicolas Stefaniak, A. Bertrand, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)
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05 social sciences ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,050105 experimental psychology ,General Psychology - Abstract
International audience; Bien qu’il ait fait l’objet de nombreuses études depuis les années 1970, il n’y a pas de définition consensuelle ni de critères diag- nostiques clairs du burn-out. La conséquence en est souvent la non-reconnaissance du burn-out et de la souffrance des individus concernés. L’objectif de cette revue de la littérature est d’étudier si le burn-out devrait être considéré comme une catégorie diagnos- tique distincte. Malgré le fait que le burn-out soit un phénomène global, aucune revue récente n’a combiné les points de vue de différentes disciplines. Dans cette revue, nous avons recensé les arguments cliniques, psychologiques et biologiques de la recon- naissance du burn-out et nous les avons situés dans leurs contextes sociaux, politiques et économiques afin de dresser une image glo- bale de la thématique. Les futures recherches gagneraient à mettre fin au manque de consensus quant à la définition du burn-out, ses caractéristiques cliniques et ses outils d’évaluation.
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- 2021
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12. Component process analysis of verbal memory in a sample of students with a binge drinking pattern
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Nicolas Stefaniak, Farid Benzerouk, Franca Schmid, Fabien Gierski, Mickaël Naassila, Pamela Gobin, Arthur Kaladjian, Audrey Henry, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)
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lcsh:Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology ,InformationSystems_INFORMATIONSTORAGEANDRETRIEVAL ,education ,lcsh:BF1-990 ,Articles from the Special Issue on Binge Behaviors: Definition, Determinants, and Consequences ,Edited by Maèva Flayelle, Séverine Lannoy ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Binge drinking ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,050105 experimental psychology ,lcsh:HV1-9960 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,mental disorders ,Memory span ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Students ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,Episodic memory ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Recall ,Working memory ,4. Education ,05 social sciences ,Cognition ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Free recall ,lcsh:Psychology ,Verbal memory ,Psychology ,Alcohol ,Free and cued recall selective reminding test ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Highlights • Student binge drinkers have reduced performance on learning a 24-word list. • This is due to low proficiency in encoding, storage and retrieval processes. • Memory processes are impacted by consumption speed and intoxication episodes. • Academic failure described among binge drinkers could be partly related to findings., Background Many studies have emphasized the harmful impact of binge drinking on several cognitive functions, including memory. However, the exact nature of the memory processes involved is still unknown. The present study was designed to assess verbal working memory and verbal episodic memory, especially its encoding, storage and retrieval processes, in binge drinking to identify the processes impacted by this behavior. Methods Participants were 48 community-recruited college students aged 18–25 years and categorized as either binge drinkers (BDs) or social drinkers (SDs). They were assessed with (a) subtests of the Wechsler scale (digit span, letter–number sequencing) measuring verbal working memory, and (b) a modified version of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT), which measures verbal episodic memory functioning in various conditions of encoding (controlled) and recollection (free recall, cued recall, and recognition). Results Verbal working memory was unaffected by binge drinking, whereas verbal episodic memory performances were reduced. In particular, analysis of the modified FCSRT scores suggested that BDs had less proficient storage and retrieval processes. Furthermore, correlational analyses indicated that the proficiency of these memory components was negatively correlated with several indicators of binge drinking behavior. Conclusions Results suggest that binge drinking behavior affects the storage and recollection processes of verbal episodic memory. The academic failure described in binge drinkers could be partly related to this harmful effect. Our results on the negative impact of binge drinking on memory should be used to develop information campaigns targeting students.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Quantifier l’évolution cognitive dans la sclérose en plaques : quels sont les indices les plus fiables ?
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Schmid, Franca, primary, Audrey, Henry, additional, Nicolas, Stefaniak, additional, Hautecoeur, Patrick, additional, and Lenne, Bruno, additional
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- 2020
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14. Resting heart rate variability moderates the relationship between trait emotional competencies and depression
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Carole Fantini-Hauwel, Nicolas Stefaniak, Elise Batsele, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA)
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05 social sciences ,Protective factor ,virus diseases ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,050109 social psychology ,RESTING HEART RATE ,050105 experimental psychology ,Sciences humaines ,Negatively associated ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Trait ,Heart rate variability ,Anxiety ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,General Psychology ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,circulatory and respiratory physiology ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Objective A lot of studies have shown that low Emotional Competencies (EC) is associated with depression and anxiety. However, little is known about the psychophysiological processes accounting for these relationships. As heart rate variability (HRV) is thought to be a measure of top-down self-regulatory mechanisms it could impact the link between EC and depression/anxiety. Thus, the aim of this study was to disentangle the interplay between EC and HRV on depression as well as anxiety. Method Resting HRV was collected among 97 undergraduate students that filled out EC, depression and anxiety measures. Results We observed negatives associations between EC and depression/anxiety. HRV was negatively associated with depression but not with anxiety. There was an interaction effect between EC and HRV showing that EC and depression were associated only at low levels of HRV. Conclusions Our study suggests that HRV could be a protective factor against the negative consequences of low EC such as depression.
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- 2019
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15. Assessing cognitive changes in Multiple Sclerosis: which change index is the most reliable?
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Franca Schmid, Bruno Lenne, Nicolas Stefaniak, Patrick Hautecoeur, Audrey Henry, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul de Lille, Groupe Hospitalier de l'Institut Catholique de Lille (GHICL), and Hôpital Saint Philibert [Lomme]
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[SCCO]Cognitive science ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,[STAT.ME]Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME] ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2018
16. La mémoire sémantique dans le trouble bipolaire : une revue de la littérature
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Chrystel Besche-Richard, Laurent Lefebvre, Mélanie Labalestra, Nicolas Stefaniak, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Service de Sciences Cognitives (LSC), Université de Mons-Hainaut, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)
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[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Philosophy ,05 social sciences ,fluences verbales ,amorçage sémantique ,mémoire sémantique ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,050105 experimental psychology ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Humanities ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,trouble bipolaire - Abstract
International audience; L’existence de similitudes symptomatiques entre la schizophrénie et les épisodes maniaques du trouble bipolaire a mené certains auteurs à émettre l’hypothèse d’une altération de certaines fonctions cognitives dans la schizophrénie qui pourraient également l’être dans le trouble bipolaire. C’est notamment le cas pour la mémoire sémantique. L’origine des dysfonctionnements sémantiques est différente entre les deux troubles. Alors qu’ils sont associés aux troubles formels de la pensée dans la schizophrénie, cela ne semble pas être le cas dans le trouble bipolaire. Par ailleurs, alors que les processus sémantiques altérés sont clairement identifiés dans la schizophrénie, des résultats contradictoires et peu comparables sont obtenus chez les patients bipolaires. Les études semblent néanmoins se diriger vers une atteinte probable des processus d’activation/inhibition sémantique durant les phases maniaques qui pourrait persister durant les périodes de rémission.
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- 2018
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17. The Basic Empathy Scale adapted to French middle childhood: Structure and development of empathy
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Chrystel Besche-Richard, Leïla Bensalah, Arnaud Carre, Nicolas Stefaniak, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Laboratoire Inter-universitaire de Psychologie : Personnalité, Cognition, Changement Social (LIP-PC2S ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), and Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)
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Male ,Psychometrics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Emotions ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Emotional contagion ,Empathy ,Middle childhood ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,Developmental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Child ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,General Psychology ,Language ,media_common ,Sex Characteristics ,05 social sciences ,Reproducibility of Results ,Scale (social sciences) ,Behavior Rating Scale ,Cognitive empathy ,Female ,Psychology (miscellaneous) ,Disconnection ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Sex characteristics - Abstract
We adapted the adult French version of the Basic Empathy Scale to French children aged 6-11 years, in order to probe the factorial structure underlying empathy. A total of 410 children (189 girls and 221 boys) were instructed to fill out the resulting Basic Empathy Scale in Children (BES-C). Results showed that, as in adulthood, the three-factor model of empathy (i.e., emotional contagion, cognitive empathy, and emotional disconnection) was more relevant than the one- and two-factor ones. This means that as early as 6 years of age, children's responses should reflect the same organization of the three components of empathy as those of adults. In line with the literature, cognitive empathy increased and emotional disconnection decreased in middle childhood, while emotional contagion remained stable. Moreover, girls exhibited greater emotional contagion than boys, with the reverse pattern being observed for emotional disconnection. No sex difference was found regarding cognitive empathy.
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- 2015
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18. Role of implicit learning abilities in metaphor understanding
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Alexandre Obert, Christelle Declercq, Luc Drouillet, Nicolas Stefaniak, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)
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Serial reaction time ,Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Metaphor ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Context (language use) ,Literal and figurative language ,050105 experimental psychology ,Task (project management) ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Humans ,Learning ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,media_common ,Psycholinguistics ,05 social sciences ,ComputingMethodologies_MISCELLANEOUS ,Implicit learning ,Comprehension ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,Female ,Probability Learning ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive psychology ,Meaning (linguistics) - Abstract
International audience; Although the use of metaphors is a central component of language, the processes that sustain their comprehension have yet to be specified. Work in the fields of both metaphors and implicit learning suggests that implicit learning abilities facilitate the comprehension of metaphors. However, to date, no study has directly explored the relationships between the understanding of metaphors and so-called implicit learning tasks. We used a meaning decision task comparing literal, metaphorical and meaningless expressions to assess metaphor understanding and a probabilistic serial reaction time task for assessing implicit learning. Our results show that implicit learning positively predicts the time gap between responses to literal and metaphorical expressions and negatively predicts the difference between metaphorical and meaningless expressions. Thus, when confronted with novel metaphors, participants with higher implicit learning abilities are better able to identify that the expressions have some meaning. These results are interpreted in the context of metaphor understanding and psycholinguistic theories.
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- 2017
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19. Theory of mind and hypomanic traits in general population
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Chrystel Besche-Richard, Yannick Morvan, Harold Mouras, Sarah Terrien, Nicolas Stefaniak, Marine Blondel, Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement ( CliPsyD ), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences ( CPN - U894 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies - UR UPJV 4559 (LNFP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Action-Neuroimagerie-Modelisation (ANIM), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
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Adult ,Male ,Bipolar Disorder ,Adolescent ,Population ,Theory of Mind ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,[ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology ,Neuropsychological Tests ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,Developmental psychology ,Social cognition ,Theory of mind ,medicine ,Humans ,Bipolar disorder ,Set (psychology) ,education ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Biological Psychiatry ,education.field_of_study ,Middle Aged ,16. Peace & justice ,medicine.disease ,Affect ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Phenotype ,Mood ,Hypomania ,Trait ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology - Abstract
Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to assign a set of mental states to yourself and others. In bipolar disorders, alteration of social relationship can be explained by the impairment of the functioning of ToM. Deficit in ToM could be a trait marker of bipolar disorder and people in the general population with high hypomanic personality scores would be more likely to develop bipolar disorders. This study examined 298 participants. Measures of hypomanic personality were evaluated using the Hypomanic Personality Scale. ToM was explored using the Yoni task. Participants also completed the BDI-II. Forward multiple regressions were performed to examine the effect of components of the HPS on the total score in the ToM task. In the women's group, no subscales of the HPS were included in the model. Conversely, the analyses performed on men revealed that the mood vitality and excitement subscale was a significant predictor of ToM abilities. Our study is the first to show the impact of certain dimensions of hypomanic personality on performance in ToM in a male sample. This result supports the idea that deficits in ToM can be a trait marker of bipolar disorder in a healthy male population.
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- 2014
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20. Executive Functions in Adult Offspring of Alcohol-Dependent Probands: Toward a Cognitive Endophenotype?
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Frédéric Limosin, Renaud Cohen, Farid Benzerouk, Céline Béra-Potelle, Fabien Gierski, Christine Cuervo-Lombard, Bérengère Hübsch, Nicolas Stefaniak, Jean-Pierre Kahn, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Service de psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Corentin Celton [Issy-les-Moulineaux], Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Groupe de Recherche sur l'alcool et les pharmacodépendances - UMR INSERM_S 1247 (GRAP), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Endophenotypes ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Toxicology ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,Executive Function ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,First-degree relatives ,Young adult ,Family history ,Psychiatry ,[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Alcohol dependence ,Neuropsychology ,Neuropsychological test ,Middle Aged ,Executive functions ,030227 psychiatry ,Alcoholism ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Endophenotype ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,Adult Children ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Female ,Cognition Disorders ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background Executive function (EF) impairment in alcohol dependence (AD) has been related to the toxic effects of alcohol on frontal lobes. However, this impairment could be partially present before the onset of the disease and might constitute a vulnerability factor. Although a considerable body of research has investigated executive functioning among AD patients, much less attention has been directed toward high-risk individuals. Most studies were carried out among children or adolescents, and very few were conducted in adults. The aim of this study was to examine EF in a group of adult offspring of AD individuals. Methods One hundred and fifty-five nonalcoholic adults with (family history positive [FHP]) or without (family history negative [FHN]) family history of AD were included in the study. All participants were screened for past and current psychiatric diagnoses, and alcohol, tobacco, and other substance use. They were compared on self-rated impulsiveness using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) and EF using a neuropsychological test battery. Results Group comparison revealed that FHP participants had significantly higher BIS-11 scores than the FHN participants, while neuropsychological examination revealed lower EF scores for FHP participants. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the number of AD family members was a predictor of EF results, whereas impulsiveness was not. Conclusions Nonalcoholic adult offspring of AD individuals showed increased impulsiveness and decreased EF, suggesting weakness of 2 distinct neurobehavioral decision systems. Findings support evidence that EF weaknesses may qualify as a suitable endophenotype candidate for AD.
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- 2012
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21. Procedural Visual Learning in Children With Specific Language Impairment
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Audrey Gabriel, Nicolas Stefaniak, Thierry Meulemans, Christelle Maillart, Xavier Schmitz, Université de Liège, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), and Neuropsychology Unit
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Male ,Serial reaction time ,Linguistics and Language ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Specific language impairment ,Language Development ,050105 experimental psychology ,Procedural memory ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Speech and Hearing ,Cognition ,0302 clinical medicine ,Memory ,Reaction Time ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Humans ,Learning ,Language Development Disorders ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Speech reception threshold ,Child ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,05 social sciences ,medicine.disease ,Otorhinolaryngology ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,Female ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Sequence learning ,Psychology ,Visual learning ,Child Language ,Photic Stimulation ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Computer-Assisted Instruction ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
Purpose According to the procedural deficit hypothesis (PDH), difficulties in the procedural learning (PL) system may contribute to the language difficulties observed in children with specific language impairment (SLI). Method Fifteen children with SLI and their typically developing (TD) peers were compared on visual PL tasks—specifically, deterministic serial reaction time (SRT) tasks. In the first experiment, children with SLI and their TD peers performed the classical SRT task using a keyboard as response mode. In the second experiment, they performed the same SRT task but gave their responses through a touchscreen (instead of a keyboard) to reduce the motor and cognitive demands of the task. Results Although in Experiment 1 , children with SLI demonstrated learning, they were slower and made more errors than did their TD peers. Nevertheless, these relative weaknesses disappeared when the nature of the response mode changed ( Experiment 2 ). Conclusions In this study, the authors report that children with SLI may exhibit sequential learning. Moreover, the generally slower reaction times observed in previous deterministic SRT studies may be explained by the response mode used. Thus, our findings are not consistent with the predictions of the PDH, and these findings suggest that language impairments in SLI are not sustained by poor procedural learning abilities.
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- 2012
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22. The development of diachronic thinking between 6 and 11 years
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Florence Labrell and Nicolas Stefaniak
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Social Psychology ,Age differences ,05 social sciences ,Identity (social science) ,Cognition ,Thinking skills ,Child development ,050105 experimental psychology ,Education ,Developmental psychology ,Developmental Neuroscience ,Biological property ,Concept learning ,Seriation (semiotics) ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Life-span and Life-course Studies ,Psychology ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
The development of a diachronic conception of biology has rarely been explored during childhood, except by Maurice-Naville and Montangero (1992). The aim of the present study was to further explore this issue. In the course of an interview, 163 children aged between 6 and 11 expressed their diachronic conceptions of the growth and death of several living things. Results confirmed previous data and extended them to humans and animals, highlighting some diachronic dimensions previously identified by Maurice-Naville and Montangero regarding trees: past and future, seriation and identity appear before 10 years of age, while time span and rhythm, as well as irreversibility, were only mastered at 11 years. Our results confirm that the mastery of biological properties during childhood is partly contingent upon diachronic thinking.
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- 2011
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23. Exploration of Serial Structure Procedural Learning in Children with Language Impairment
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Christelle Maillart, Nicolas Stefaniak, Thierry Meulemans, Audrey Gabriel, Melody Guillaume, Université de Liège, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), and Neuropsychology Unit
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Male ,Serial reaction time ,Adolescent ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Serial Learning ,Specific language impairment ,Second-language attrition ,Vocabulary ,050105 experimental psychology ,Procedural memory ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Reaction Time ,medicine ,Humans ,Language Development Disorders ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Child ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Motor skill ,Language Tests ,[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,Learning Disabilities ,General Neuroscience ,05 social sciences ,medicine.disease ,Language acquisition ,Procedural knowledge ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Language development ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,Female ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Neurology (clinical) ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
Recent studies on specific language impairment (SLI) have suggested that language deficits are directly associated with poor procedural learning abilities. Findings from our previous work are contrary to this hypothesis; we found that children with SLI were able to learn eight-element-long sequences as fast and as accurately as children with normal language (NL) on a serial reaction time (SRT) task. A probabilistic rather than a deterministic SRT paradigm was used in the current study to explore procedural learning in children with SLI to mimic real conditions of language learning. Fifteen children with or without SLI were compared on an SRT task including a probabilistic eight-element-long sequence. Results show that children with SLI were able to learn this sequence as fast and as accurately as children with NL, and that similar sequence-specific learning was observed in both groups. These results are novel and suggest that children with SLI do not display global procedural system deficits. (JINS, 2011,17, 336–343)
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- 2011
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24. Semantic Hyperpriming in Normal Aging: A Consequence of Instructions?
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Sylvie Willems, Nicolas Stefaniak, Thierry Meulemans, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Neuropsychology Unit, and Université de Liège
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Adult ,Male ,Aging ,Adolescent ,Decision Making ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Normal aging ,Neuropsychological Tests ,050105 experimental psychology ,Developmental psychology ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Reaction Time ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Aged ,Semantic relation ,[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,Memoria ,05 social sciences ,Cognition ,Middle Aged ,Paired-Associate Learning ,Semantics ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Younger adults ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Female ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,Psychology ,Priming (psychology) ,Photic Stimulation ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
Semantic hyperpriming has consistently been found in normal aging. However, because the standard instructions to test semantic priming are generally ambiguous (focusing on both accuracy and speed), it is difficult to account for hyperpriming in older adults. By using the direct and mediated priming paradigms, this study investigates whether older adults' response mode at testing may explain hyperpriming. First, we show that, under identical conditions, inducing a response mode that favors speed leads to greater priming effects in older adults. The pattern of results is similar to what is observed under standard instructions. Second, prompting a response mode that favors accuracy leads to greater priming effects in younger adults. We discuss various explanations for these findings and conclude, in accordance with the Ratcliff, Thapar, Gomez, and McKoon (2004a) diffusion model, that hyperpriming in normal aging is contingent on older adults' response mode at testing.
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- 2010
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25. Factor structure of the French version of the Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS) in non-clinical young adults
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Yannick Morvan, Sarah Terrien, Chrystel Besche-Richard, Nicolas Stefaniak, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement (CliPsyD), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Clinique, Psychanalyse, Développement ( CliPsyD ), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences ( CPN - U894 ), and Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bipolar Disorder ,Psychometrics ,Personality Inventory ,lcsh:RC435-571 ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,[ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology ,Personality Disorders ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,lcsh:Psychiatry ,medicine ,Personality ,Humans ,Translations ,Bipolar disorder ,Psychiatry ,education ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,media_common ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,education.field_of_study ,Beck Depression Inventory ,Reproducibility of Results ,medicine.disease ,Personality disorders ,Confirmatory factor analysis ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Female ,Self Report ,Personality Assessment Inventory ,Psychology ,Factor Analysis, Statistical ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Background Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS) is a self-report questionnaire designed to identify vulnerable individuals at high risk of bipolar disorders in non-clinical samples. Our aim was to identify the factorial structure of HPS in a French non-clinical sample and to compare this with different factor solutions described in the literature. We carried out a survey in a French population using a French version of HPS. Methods A total of 698 participants were included in the study. They completed the HPS, the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B), the Positive And Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). We tested the 1, 3 and 4-factor solutions and used a Confirmatory Factor Analysis to compare these with the factor solutions suggested by Rawling et al. and Schalet et al. Results Goodness-of-fit indices showed that Schalet et al.'s solution “fits” our data better than Rawling et al.'s factorial solutions. HPS scores correlated with the PANAS Positive score and the SPQ-B total score. We confirmed the 3-factor structure of the HPS in a large non-clinical population of young adults and found consistent correlations with BDI, affectivity and schizotypal traits.
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- 2015
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26. Impaired conscious memory in non-clinical schizotypy
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Sarah Terrien, Coralie Giot, Chrystel Besche-Richard, Nicolas Stefaniak, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), and Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.)
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Male ,Consciousness ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Schizotypy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,health care facilities, manpower, and services ,education ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,050105 experimental psychology ,Schizotypal Personality Disorder ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Memory ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Explicit memory ,Personality ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,health care economics and organizations ,media_common ,Memory Disorders ,05 social sciences ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Non clinical ,Schizophrenia ,Female ,Implicit memory ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
Impaired controlled and preserved/enhanced automatic memory processes have been reported in schizotypy. This memory pattern has been considered as a marker of vulnerability to schizophrenia. Our aim was to further explore this memory pattern in non-clinical schizotypy in order to determine which specific dimensions of schizotypy (i.e., positive, negative or disorganised), and more specifically which components of the dimensions, are most closely related to memory dysfunctions.Fifty-seven undergraduate students performed a category-production task. This was adapted for use with the process dissociation procedure in order to dissociate between automatic and controlled memory processes. The level of schizotypy was assessed using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire.Regression analyses confirmed that controlled memory processes decreased as schizotypy increased. The positive factors (more specifically, the ideas of reference subscale) and disorganised factors (more specifically, the odd or eccentric behaviour subscale) were negatively correlated with the controlled memory processes.Our study supports the idea that impaired controlled processes are an early cognitive marker of vulnerability to schizophrenia and confirm that the disorganised factor contributes the most to vulnerability to memory dysfunction. It also emphasises the importance of dissociating between each of the features characterising schizotypy rather than considering it as a whole.
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- 2015
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27. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism and its implication in executive functions in adult offspring of alcohol-dependent probands
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Fabien Gierski, Frédéric Limosin, Farid Benzerouk, Arthur Kaladjian, Philip Gorwood, Bérengère Hübsch, Nicolas Stefaniak, Nicolas Ramoz, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Corentin Celton [Issy-les-Moulineaux], Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Corentin Celton [Issy-les-Moulineaux], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)
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Male ,Oncology ,Health (social science) ,Trail Making Test ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Toxicology ,Biochemistry ,Executive Function ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gene Frequency ,Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ,Pregnancy ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Prefrontal cortex ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Executive functions ,Pedigree ,Alcoholism ,Phenotype ,Neurology ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,Adult Children ,Female ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Psychology ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genotype ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Psychiatry ,Brain-derived neurotrophic factor ,Analysis of Variance ,Chi-Square Distribution ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ,Alcohol dependence ,030227 psychiatry ,Case-Control Studies ,Endophenotype ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Stroop effect - Abstract
Impairment of executive functions (EFs) mediated by the prefrontal lobe is regarded as a cognitive endophenotype of alcohol dependence, being observed both in probands and in healthy offspring. Given its impact on the anatomy of the prefrontal cortex, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism may well be involved in this specific endophenotype. Forty-six healthy adult children of alcoholics (HACA) and 82 healthy controls (HC) took part in the study. All the participants were assessed with the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies, and their family histories of alcohol and substance use were assessed with the Family Informant Schedule and Criteria. The Trail Making Test, Arithmetic Switching Task, Stroop Color-Word Test and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were administered to assess EFs. An overall executive factor score was calculated using factorial analyses. Genotyping of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism was performed using the TaqMan ® allelic discrimination assay. HACA had significantly lower EFs performance than HC. Genetic analysis showed that BDNF genotype distributions were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in the HACA and HC. Genotype and allele distributions did not differ significantly between the two groups. Participants with the Met allele performed significantly more poorly than participants with the Val allele, and a group by allele interaction was observed, the BDNF Met allele being associated with a poorer executive factor score in the HACA group. These results suggest that the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism may contribute to alcohol dependence vulnerability via lower EFs performance.
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- 2013
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28. Procedural Learning in Specific Language Impairment: Effects of Sequence Complexity
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Thierry Meulemans, Audrey Gabriel, Nicolas Stefaniak, Christelle Maillart, Caroline Lejeune, Lise Desmottes, Université de Liège, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 (UHP), and Neuropsychology Unit
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Serial reaction time ,Male ,Vocabulary ,Adolescent ,media_common.quotation_subject ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Specific language impairment ,Second-language attrition ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Choice Behavior ,050105 experimental psychology ,Procedural memory ,03 medical and health sciences ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Reaction Time ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Language Development Disorders ,Child ,Motor skill ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,media_common ,Sequence (medicine) ,Analysis of Variance ,Memory Disorders ,Language Tests ,[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,Learning Disabilities ,General Neuroscience ,05 social sciences ,medicine.disease ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,Female ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Neurology (clinical) ,Analysis of variance ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Photic Stimulation ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
According to the procedural deficit hypothesis (PDH), abnormal development in the procedural memory system could account for the language deficits observed in specific language impairment (SLI). Recent studies have supported this hypothesis by using a serial reaction time (SRT) task, during which a slower learning rate is observed in children with SLI compared to controls. Recently, we obtained contrasting results, demonstrating that children with SLI were able to learn a sequence as quickly and as accurately as controls. These discrepancies could be related to differences in the statistical structure of the SRT sequence between these studies. The aim of this study was to further assess, in a group of 21 children with SLI, the PDH with second-order conditional sequences, which are more difficult to learn than those used in previous studies. Our results show that children with SLI had impaired procedural memory, as evidenced by both longer reaction times and no sign of sequence-specific learning in comparison with typically developing controls. These results are consistent with the PDH proposed by Ullman and Pierpont (2005) and suggest that procedural sequence-learning in SLI children depends on the complexity of the to-be-learned sequence. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–8)
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- 2013
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29. Acquisition of the concept of teaching and its relationship with theory of mind in French 3- to 6-year olds
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Leïla Bensalah, Marie Olivier, Nicolas Stefaniak, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)
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[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,False belief ,4. Education ,Teaching method ,Knowledge level ,05 social sciences ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,050105 experimental psychology ,Education ,Developmental psychology ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,Social cognition ,Theory of mind ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Psychology ,Relation (history of concept) ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
Little is known about how and when preschoolers master the concept of teaching, particularly in relation to the acquisition of theory of mind (ToM). We investigated the relationship between the two in children aged 3–6 years old. One hundred and seventeen French preschool pupils answered questions about different teaching situations illustrated in ten stories involving knowledge differences and/or false belief. Four change-of-location ToM stories were also administered. Our results indicate a developmental progression from understanding teaching situations to grasping the notion of knowledge gaps. Moreover, they confirm that ToM seems to be involved in understanding more complex teaching situations.
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- 2012
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30. L'apprentissage de nouvelles informations sémantiques par les patients amnésiques : une revue de la littérature
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Nicolas Stefaniak, Thierry Meulemans, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Neuropsychology Unit, and Université de Liège
- Subjects
03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,05 social sciences ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,050105 experimental psychology ,General Psychology ,3. Good health - Abstract
International audience; L’étude de la capacité qu’ont les patients amnésiques d’apprendre de nouvelles informations sémantiques connaît un regain d’intérêt depuis une dizaine d’années, notamment suite aux travaux de Vargha-Khadem et collaborateurs (1997) et à l’impact de ceux-ci tant sur notre compréhension des relations entre mémoire sémantique et mémoire épisodique que sur la manière d’envisager, au plan clinique, la prise en charge de ces patients. Cette revue de littérature a pour but de présenter l’état de nos connaissances sur ce sujet, en cherchant à répondre à différentes questions : Quelles sont les relations entre mémoire épisodique et mémoire sémantique ? En quoi l’étude de patients amnésiques peut-elle apporter des éléments de réponses dans ce débat ? Les patients amnésiques peuvent-ils véritablement apprendre de nouvelles informations sémantiques ? Et si oui, quelle est l’étendue et la nature des connaissances qu’ils peuvent acquérir ?
- Published
- 2011
31. What is the impact of the explicit knowledge of sequence regularities on both deterministic and probabilistic serial reaction time task performance?
- Author
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Stéphane Adam, Sylvie Willems, Thierry Meulemans, Nicolas Stefaniak, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), and Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
- Subjects
Serial reaction time ,Adult ,Male ,Serial learning ,Dissociation (neuropsychology) ,Adolescent ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Serial Learning ,050105 experimental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,0302 clinical medicine ,Explicit learning ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Orientation ,Reaction Time ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Attention ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Probability learning ,[SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior ,05 social sciences ,Probabilistic logic ,Cognition ,Awareness ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Pattern Recognition, Visual ,Practice, Psychological ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,Female ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,Explicit knowledge ,Probability Learning ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Algorithm ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Psychomotor Performance - Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the role of prior explicit sequence knowledge by comparing its influence on serial reaction time (SRT) performance with either a deterministic or a probabilistic sequence. The results confirm that, with a deterministic sequence, preliminary explicit learning improves SRT performance. On the other hand, with a probabilistic sequence, the results show no advantage for SRT performance in explicit-learning conditions. In addition, by using the process dissociation procedure (Jacoby, 1991), we show that performance on a subsequent generation task was more sustained by controlled processes for participants in the explicit-learning conditions than for those in the incidental condition. On the whole, these results, showing that the influence of explicit knowledge can be suppressed in certain specific conditions, are consistent with the intervention of both implicit and explicit mechanisms in SRT tasks, and the results also show that their relative influence can be modulated by the particular demands of the task.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Émotions des enseignants : Quelles implications pour les étudiants ?
- Author
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Huyghebaert-Zouaghi, Tiphaine, GOBIN, Pamela, Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Pamela Gobin, Véronique Baltazart, Elisa Tornare, Aurélie Simöes-Perlant, and Nicolas Stefaniak
- Subjects
[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2021
33. L'évaluation de la mémoire sémantique chez l'enfant normolecteur et chez l'enfant dyslexique
- Author
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Gillon, Myrtille, URCA - UFR Lettres et Sciences humaines (URCA UFR LSH), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), and Nicolas Stefaniak
- Subjects
dyslexie ,fluences verbales ,mémoire sémantique ,[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology ,tâche de libre association - Abstract
Evaluation of semantic memory is generally done with verbal fluency tasks. Although they provide essential information on semantic memory, they have the disadvantage to be sensitive to other cognitive function as semantic memory and particularly executive function. Several studies have shown that free association tasks could be more pure measures of semantic memory, and could be therefore an interesting alternative. At first, we assess in what extent the free association task is an adequate measure of semantic memory. Secondly, the free association task is proven with dyslexic children population. The results allow us to see that free association task could be a good alternative or complement to the verbal fluency task. However, no difference was observed between dyslexic children and typically development children on this task. The results are discussed in terms of our research protocol and leads for future research are proposed.; L'évaluation de la mémoire sémantique est généralement réalisée à l'aide des tâches de fluences verbales. Bien qu'elles apportent des informations essentielles sur la mémoire sémantique, elles présentent l'inconvénient d'être sensibles à d'autres fonctions cognitives que la mémoire sémantique et plus particulièrement les fonctions exécutives. Plusieurs études ont mis en évidence que les tâches de libre association pourraient être des mesures plus pures de la mémoire sémantique, elles pourraient donc être une alternative intéressante. Nous évaluons donc, dans un premier temps, dans quelle mesure la tâche de libre association est une mesure adéquate de la mémoire sémantique. Dans un second temps, la tâche de libre association est éprouvée auprès d'une population d'enfant ayant une dyslexie. Les résultats nous permettent de voir que la tâche de libre association pourrait être une bonne alternative ou complément à la tâche de fluence verbale. Néanmoins, les enfants dyslexiques ne se différencient pas des enfants au développement typique sur cette tâche. Les résultats sont discutés quant à notre protocole de recherche et des pistes pour de futures recherches sont proposées.
- Published
- 2012
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