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Abstract Purpose For the first time, three currently available 360° CZT-SPECT/CT cameras were compared under clinical conditions using phantom-based measurements. Methods A 99mTc- and a 177Lu-customized NEMA IEC body phantom were imaged with three different cameras, StarGuide (GE Healthcare), VERITON-CT versions 200 (V200) and 400 (V400) (Spectrum Dynamics Medical) under the same clinical conditions. Energy resolution and volumetric sensitivity were evaluated from energy spectra. Vendors provided the best reconstruction parameters dedicated to visualization and/or quantification, based on their respective software developments. For both 99mTc- and 177Lu-phantoms, noise level, quantification accuracy, and recovery coefficient (RC) were performed with 3DSlicer. Image quality metrics from an approach called “task-based” were computed with iQMetrix-CT on 99mTc visual reconstructions to assess, through spatial frequencies, noise texture in the background (NPS) and contrast restitution of a hot insert (TTF). Spatial resolution indices were calculated from frequencies corresponding to TTF10% and TTF50%. Results Despite the higher sensitivity of VERITON cameras and the enhanced energy resolution of the V400 (3.2% at 140 keV, 5.2% at 113 keV, and 3.6% at 208 keV), StarGuide presents comparable image quality. This highlights the need to differentiate sensitivity from count quality, which is influenced by hardware design (collimator, detector block) and conditions image quality as well as the reconstruction process (algorithms, scatter correction, noise regulation). For 99mTc imaging, the quantitative image optimization approach based on RCmean for StarGuide versus RCmax for V200 and V400 systems (RCmean/RCmax: 0.9/1.8; 0.5/0.9; 0.5/0.9 respectively—Ø37 mm). SRTB10/50 showed nearly equivalent spatial resolution performances across the different reconstructed images. For 177Lu imaging, the 113 keV imaging of the V200 and V400 systems demonstrated strong performances in both image quality and quantification, while StarGuide and V400 systems offer even better potential due to their ability to exploit signals from both the 113 and 208 keV peaks. 177Lu quantification was optimized according to RCmax for all cameras and reconstructions (1.07 ± 0.09—Ø37 mm). Conclusions The three cameras have equivalent potential for 99mTc imaging, while StarGuide and V400 have demonstrated higher potential for 177Lu. Dedicated visual or quantitative reconstructions offer better specific performances compared to the unified visual/quantitative reconstruction. The task-based approach appears to be promising for in-depth comparison of images in the context of system characterization/comparison and protocol optimization.

Abstract Background 68 Ga-PSMA PET is the leading prostate cancer imaging technique, but the image quality remains noisy and could be further improved using an artificial intelligence-based denoising algorithm. To address this issue, we analyzed the overall quality of reprocessed images compared to standard reconstructions. We also analyzed the diagnostic performances of the different sequences and the impact of the algorithm on lesion intensity and background measures. Methods We retrospectively included 30 patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer who had undergone 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT. We simulated images produced using only a quarter, half, three-quarters, or all of the acquired data material reprocessed using the SubtlePET® denoising algorithm. Three physicians with different levels of experience blindly analyzed every sequence and then used a 5-level Likert scale to assess the series. The binary criterion of lesion detectability was compared between series. We also compared lesion SUV, background uptake, and diagnostic performances of the series (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy). Results VPFX-derived series were classified differently but better than standard reconstructions (p 0.05). The SubtlePET® algorithm significantly decreased lesion SUV (p

Abstract Background Benzamide-based radioligands targeting melanin were first developed for imaging melanoma and then for therapeutic purpose with targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). [131I]ICF01012 presents a highly favorable pharmacokinetics profile in vivo for therapy. Tumour growth reduction and increase survival have been established in preclinical models of melanoma. According the these preclinical results, we initiate a first-in-human study aimed to determine the recommended dose of [131I]ICF01012 to administer for the treatment of patients with pigmented metastatic melanoma. Methods The MELRIV-1 trial is an open-label, multicentric, dose-escalation phase I trial. The study is divided in 2 steps, a selection part with an IV injection of low activity of [131I]ICF01012 (185 MBq at D0) to select patients who might benefit from [131I]ICF01012 TRT in therapeutic part, i.e. patient presenting at least one tumour lesion with [131I]ICF01012 uptake and an acceptable personalized dosimetry to critical organs (liver, kidney, lung and retina). According to dose escalation scheme driven by a Continual Reassessment Method (CRM) design, a single therapeutic injection of 800 MBq/m2, or 1600 MBq/m2, or 2700 MBq/m2 or 4000 MBq/m2 of [131I]ICF01012 will be administered at D11 (± 4 days). The primary endpoint is the recommended therapeutic dose of [131I]ICF01012, with DLT defined as any grade 3-4 NCI-CT toxicity during the 6 weeks following therapeutic dose. Safety, pharmacokinetic, biodistribution (using planar whole body and SPECT-CT acquisitions), sensitivity / specificity of [131I]ICF01012, and therapeutic efficacy will be assessed as secondary objectives. Patients who received therapeutic injection will be followed until 3 months after TRT. Since 6 to 18 patients are needed for the therapeutic part, up to 36 patients will be enrolled in the selection part. Discussion This study is a first-in-human trial evaluating the [131I]ICF01012 TRT in metastatic malignant melanomas with a diagnostic dose of the [131I]ICF01012 to select the patients who may benefit from a therapeutic dose of [131I]ICF01012, with at least one tumor lesion with [131I]ICF01012 uptake and an acceptable AD to healthy organ. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov : NCT03784625 . Registered on December 24, 2018. Identifier in French National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM): N°EudraCT 2016-002444-17.

Background99mTc-NTP 15-5 is a SPECT radiotracer targeting proteoglycans (PG), components of the cartilaginous extracellular matrix. Imaging of PGs would be useful for the early detection of cartilage disorders (osteoarthritis, arthritis and chondrosarcoma, Aromatase Inhibitor associated arthralgia (AIA) in breast cancer), and the follow-up of patients under treatment. According to preclinical study results, 99mTc-NTP 15-5, is a good candidate for a specific functional molecular imaging of joints. We intend to initiate a first in-human study to confirm and quantify 99mTc-NTP 15-5 uptake in healthy joints.MethodsAs the clinical development of this radiotracer would be oriented toward the functional imaging of joint pathologies, we have chosen to include patients with healthy joints (unilateral osteoarthritis of the knee or breast cancer with indication of AI treatment). This phase I study will be an open-label, multicenter, dose-escalation trial of a radiopharmaceutical orientation to determine the recommended level of activity of 99mTc-NTP 15-5 to obtain the best joint tracer contrasts on images, without dose limiting toxicity (DLT). The secondary objectives will include the study of the pharmacology, biodistribution (using planar whole body and SPECT-CT acquisitions), toxicity, and dosimetry of this radiotracer. The dose escalation with 3 activity levels (5, 10, and 15 MBq/kg), will be conditioned by the absence at the previous level of DLT and of a visualized tracer accumulation on more than 80% of healthy joints as observed on scintigraphy performed at ≤ 2 h post-injection.DiscussionThis first in-human phase I trial will be proof-of-concept of the relevance of 99mTc-NTP 15-5 as a cartilage tracer, with the determination of the optimal methodology (dose and acquisition time) to obtain the best contrast to provide a functional image of joints with SPECT-CT.Trial registration numberClinicaltrials.gov: NCT04481230. Identifier in French National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM): N°EudraCT 2020-000495-37.

Most grains and vegetable feedstuffs used in commercial poultry feed contain phytates and polysaccharides—non-starchy chemical structures that are not degraded by digestive tract enzymes. Exogenous enzymes optimize the use of dietary ingredients. This study aimed to determine whether combining β-mannanases (400 g/ton) and phytases in broiler sorghum–soybean diets could improve performance and immunity in broilers. Four diets were randomized in a 2 × 2 factorial design, with two phytase levels (500 or 1500 FTU/kg) and β-mannanase supplementation (0–400 g/ton; 158 million units/kg minimum enzyme activity). Six replicate battery cages of 10 chicks were fed each diet ad libitum. To assess cellular and humoral immune responses, 10 birds per treatment were euthanized on day 21. Supplementation with β-mannanase enzymes led to increased body weight and a higher feed conversion index (FCI) (p < 0.05). The phytase factor improved the FCI at 1500 FTU/kg (p < 0.05). Supplementation with β-mannanases improved the immune response by increasing the IgA concentration in the duodenum (95%) and total serum immunoglobulins (p < 0.05). The morphometric index increased in all organs (p < 0.05), and the heterophile/lymphocyte ratio (HLR) decreased by 50% (p < 0.05). Supplementing broilers with β-mannanases in sorghum–soybean meal diets with phytases improved their performance and immunity.

Tenemos varios artículos que nos hablan de la presencia efectiva de Augusto y Tiberio en Hispania. Calígula, Claudio y Nerón por lo que sabemos no estuvieron en la Península Ibérica, si bien su presencia se dio de diversas formas. De Nerón, José Mª. Blázquez realizó un artículo sobre el tema. Aquí desarrollaremos la presencia del emperador Claudio en Hispania basándonos en la estatuaria, en las fundaciones de ciudades que realizó, en la hipótesis de que pudo utilizar la tribu Quirina para las concesiones de ciudadanía, y en su presencia en la epigrafía, que nos revela la estancia efectiva de allegados al emperador y su acto evergético en Castulo. Además, veremos cómo se solucionó la falta de numerario con el fin de las acuñaciones en las cecas hispánicas mediante la acuñación de las denominadas monedas de imitación. Todo ello nos mostrará que, si bien Claudio no estuvo presente físicamente en Hispania, la presencia del emperador queda patente de otras formas. Abstract We have several articles that tell us about the effective presence of Augustus and Tiberius in Hispania. Caligula, Claudius and Nero were not, as far as we know, in Iberian Peninsula, although their presence took various forms. José Mª. Blázquez wrote an article on Nero. Here we will develop the presence of Emperor Claudius in Hispania based on the statuary, the cities he founded, the hypothesis that he could have used the Quirina tribe for citizenship concessions, his presence in epigraphy that reveals the effective stay of close friends to the emperor, and his evergetic act in Castulo. In addition, after the end of coinage we will see how the lack of cash was resolved in the Hispanic mints by coining the so-called imitations. All this will show us that, although Claudius was not physically present in Hispania, the presence of the emperor is evident in other ways. Abstract: We have several articles that tell us about the effective presence of Augustus and Tiberius in Hispania. Caligula, Claudius and Nero were not, as far as we know, in Iberian Peninsula, although their presence took various forms. José Mª. Blázquez wrote an article on Nero. Here we will develop the presence of Emperor Claudius in Hispania based on the statuary, the cities he founded, the hypothesis that he could have used the Quirina tribe for citizenship concessions, his presence in epigraphy that reveals the effective stay of close friends to the emperor, and his evergetic act in Castulo. In addition, after the end of coinage we will see how the lack of cash was resolved in the Hispanic mints by coining the so-called imitations. All this will show us that, although Claudius was not physically present in Hispania, the presence of the emperor is evident in other ways.

Antecedentes y Objetivos. La presencia de un septum en el primer compartimento extensor de la muñeca es una variante anatómica y una de las principales causas de persistencia o recurrencia del dolor después de cirugía en enfermedad de De Quervain. Es pues importante tenerlo en cuenta y conocer su incidencia en nuestra población, ya que en la literatura no hay uniformidad sobre su frecuencia de presentación. Material y método. Realizamos un estudio anatómico en 10 cadáveres mexicanos, en ambas manos, para identificar la estructura del primer compartimento extensor y documentar la presencia de septum entre nuestra población. Dado que en el Servicio de Cirugía Plástica y Reconstructiva del Hospital General de México es práctica habitual la búsqueda intencionada de dicho septum durante la cirugía del De Quervain, llevamos a cabo también una revisión de los expedientes de los pacientes atendidos por esta patología entre marzo del 2010 y marzo del 2013. Resultados. En la disección de los cadáveres, 9 presentaron septum: 3 derecho, 1 izquierdo y 5 bilateral; sólo 1 no presentó. En la revisión de expedientes encontramos 52 pacientes: 4 (7.7%) varones y 48 (92.3%) mujeres, con edades entre 34 y 75 años (media 55.1+/-10.2). De ellos, 39 presentaron tenosinovitis derecha (75%) y 13 izquierda (25%), sin casos de bilateralidad. En todos se hizo búsqueda de septum en el primer compartimento extensor de la muñeca durante la cirugía, y 47 presentaron tabicación (90.38%). Todos los pacientes siguieron revisión postoperatoria a los 7, 14, 30, 60, 230 y 360 días, sin recidiva de la sintomatología. Realizamos finalmente prueba exacta de Fisher entre el grupo de cadáveres y el de pacientes intervenidos, obteniendo una p de 0.988 que traduce la no existencia de una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre ambos grupos. Conclusiones. De la revisión clínica comprobamos que al buscar sistemáticamente y liberar de forma adecuada el primer compartimento extensor de la mano resolvemos sin recidiva la patología de De Quervain. Del estudio anatómico obtenemos una incidencia estimada de presentación de septum en este compartimento entre la población mexicana. El cirujano de mano debe tener en mente la posible presentación de esta variante anatómica, que en nuestra serie apareció en el 90.38% de los casos, para poder solucionar adecuadamente la sintomatología de sus pacientes y evitar la recidiva en enfermedad de De Quervain.