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Ultrahigh-resolution NMR has recently attracted considerable attention in the field of complex samples analysis. Indeed, the implementation of broadband homonuclear decoupling techniques has allowed us to greatly simplify crowded

International audience; Purpose: Radiation therapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) should treat the whole tumor, including its microscopic extensions, and protect adjacent organs at risk as much as possible. The aim of our study is to evaluate the size of microscopic tumor extension (MEmax) in NSCLC, and search for potential predictive factors.Methods and materials: We retrospectively selected 70 patients treated with postoperative radiation therapy for a NSCLC with N2 nodal status, then 34 additional patients operated for a squamous cell lung cancer with N1 or N2 nodal status. On the digitized slides originating from the resected tumors of these 104 patients, we outlined the border of the tumor, as seen with the naked eye. We then searched for microscopic tumor extension outside of these borders with a magnification as high as 40 × and measured the maximum size of MEmax.Results: The median MEmax in the whole cohort was 0.85 mm (0-9.95). The MEmax was

Eighteen new N-acylhydrazones (9a-r) containing the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine scaffold were synthesized through a seven steps reaction sequence, ending with a condensation of 2-(3-nitro-H-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-ylthio)acetohydrazide with various benzaldehyde derivatives (8a-r). All synthesized compounds were characterized by 1D NMR (

Health of people with severe haemophilia (PwSH) improves thanks to the advancements in haemophilia care, giving them more opportunities in occupational integration. However, there is little literature on the occupational integration of PwSH.The main objective of our study was to assess the occupational integration of PwSH and to compare it with that of the general population. The secondary objective was to study the association between individual characteristics (sociodemographic, clinical and psycho-behavioural) and occupational integration of PwSH.A multicentre, non-interventional, cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018-2020 on PwSH, aged over 18 and under 65 years and included in the FranceCoag registry. Measurements included indicators of occupational integration, sociodemographic, clinical and psycho-behavioural characteristics. The indicators of occupational integration were compared with those of the general population, using indirect standardization. The data of the general population were available from the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE). Determinants of occupational integration were explored using structural equation modelling.Of 1262 eligible people, 588 were included. PwSH had a lower employment rate than the general population (standardized ratio, .85; 95% CI, .77-.94). There were more PwSH at tertiary education level than expected (standardized ratio, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.17-1.61). HIV infection, poor physical health and mental health concerns were associated with a higher risk of unemployment in PwSH.Employment rate of PwSH is lower than that of the general population despite their higher education level. Target interventions focusing on determinants of difficult occupational integration could be helpful for PwSH.

La Vallée, une archéologie photographique 1 © Nicolas Giraud (ADAGP) et Bertrand Stofleth (SAIF) La Vallée, une archéologie photographique 2 © Nicolas Giraud (ADAGP) et Bertrand Stofleth (SAIF) La Vallée, une archéologie photographique 3 © Nicolas Giraud (ADAGP) et Bertrand Stofleth (SAIF) La Vallée, une archéologie photographique 4 © Nicolas Giraud (ADAGP) et Bertrand Stofleth (SAIF) La Vallée, une archéologie photographique 5 © Nicolas Giraud (ADAGP) et Bertrand Stofleth (SAIF) La Vall...

Resume Le TEP scanner au 18F-fluoro desoxy glucose (18F-FDG-PET-CT) a montre son interet dans le diagnostic de la pseudo polyarthrite rhizomelique (PPR) et permet d’evaluer l’activite metabolique de l’ensemble de l’appareil locomoteur et en particulier des structures musculaires. L’objectif de cette etude etait d’evaluer l’atteinte musculaire a l’aide du 18F-FDG-PET-CT dans les cas de PPR, par rapport a une population non-PPR. Methodes Il s’agit d’une etude retrospective monocentrique de patients atteints de PPR (criteres ACR/EULAR 2012) qui ont eu un examen au 18F-FDG-PET-CT. Un groupe « temoin » compose de sujets sans manifestations rhumatologiques ayant eu un tel examen dans le cadre d’une recherche de neoplasie ou d’un suivi de maladie neoplasique a egalement ete evalue. L’evaluation TEP comprenait 17 sites suggerant une PPR, comme indique precedemment. Les zones d’hypermetabolisme musculaire ont ete classees de la meme facon selon la meme classification semi quantitative. Les sites d’activite musculaire ont ete identifies. Une comparaison des patients atteints de PPR avec et sans lesion musculaire a ete effectuee a l’aide du test exact de Mann–Whitney ou de Fisher. Resultats Deux cent un cas ont ete examines, impliquant 101 PPR (âge moyen de 68,6 ans) et 100 « temoins » (âge moyen de 67,7 ans). Dans l’ensemble, des lesions musculaires par TEP ont ete observees dans 34 cas (34 %) chez les PPR et 10 cas (10 %) chez les temoins (p = 0,004). Les lesions sont bi ou multifocales dans la moitie des cas. Les sites musculaires affectes sont : les muscles spinaux 19, la ceinture scapulaire 14, la ceinture pelvienne 13, la cuisse 6. Une fasciite a ete retrouvee dans 3 cas. Chez les patients atteints de PPR, l’atteinte musculaire TEP n’etait pas associee a l’âge, a la CRP ou au score TEP global de la PPR. Conclusion Les lesions musculaires evaluees par TEP-CT au 18F-fluorodesoxyglucose sont courantes dans la PPR (1/3 des cas), situees aux sites habituels des symptomes de la maladie, sans association avec l’âge, les niveaux de CRP ou le score global de la PPR par TEP. Le muscle doit etre evalue avec soin lors d’un examen TEP dans les cas de PPR.

We report the analysis of complex samples obtained during the microwave irradiation/heating of norbixin, which has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this context, identifying the different isomers that are obtained during its degradation is of primary importance. However, this characterization is challenging because, on the one hand, some of these isomers are unstable, and on the other hand, the

Von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is associated with significant morbidity as a result of excessive mucocutaneous bleeding symptoms. Patients with VWD can experience easy bruising, epistaxis, gastrointestinal and oral cavity bleeding, as well as heavy menstrual bleeding and bleeding after dental work, surgical procedures, and childbirth. Early diagnosis and treatment is important to prevent and treat these symptoms. We systematically reviewed the accuracy of diagnostic tests using different cut-off values of VWF:Ag and platelet-dependent VWF activity assays in the diagnosis of VWD. We searched Cochrane Central, MEDLINE, and EMBASE for eligible studies. Two investigators screened and abstracted data. Risk of bias was assessed using QUADAS-2 and certainty of evidence using the GRADE framework. We pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity and reported patient important outcomes when relevant. This review included 21 studies that evaluated VWD diagnosis, including the approach to patients with VWF levels that have normalized with age (6 studies), VWF cut-off levels for the diagnosis of Type 1 VWD (9 studies), and platelet-dependent VWF activity/VWF:Ag ratio cut-off levels for the diagnosis of Type 2 VWD (6 studies). The results showed low certainty in the evidence for a net health benefit from reconsidering the diagnosis of VWD versus simply removing the disease in patients with VWF levels that have normalized with age. For the diagnosis of Type 1 VWD, in patients with VWF:Ag

von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is associated with significant morbidity because of excessive bleeding. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent and treat these symptoms. We systematically reviewed the accuracy of any von Willebrand factor (VWF) activity assay in the diagnosis and classification of patients for VWD. We searched Cochrane Central, MEDLINE, and EMBASE for eligible studies. The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS)-2 and the certainty of evidence using the GRADE framework. We pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity. The review included 77 studies that evaluated the use of newer tests of VWF platelet binding activity (VWF:GPIbR, VWF:GPIbM) and VWF:RCo for the diagnosis of VWD (13 studies), VWF propeptide to VWF:Ag ratio, and desmopressin trial for the diagnosis of type 1C VWD (5 studies), VWF multimer analysis and VWF:CB/VWF:Ag ratio for the classification of type 2 VWD (11 studies), genetic testing and ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation to diagnose type 2B VWD (14 studies), genetic testing and FVIII:VWF binding to diagnose type 2N VWD (17 studies). Based on available diagnostic test accuracy, there appear to be comparable test accuracy results between newer tests of platelet binding activity of VWF function and VWF:RCo. The findings of these reviews support VWF multimer analysis or VWF:CB/VWF:Ag to diagnose type 2 VWD. The desmopressin trial test with 1- and 4-hour postinfusion blood work is the test of choice to confirm increased VWF clearance in patients with suspected VWD type 1C. Additionally, genetic testing is most useful in diagnosing type 2B VWD and has a role in the diagnostic algorithm of suspected type 2N VWD.

Approximately 30% of patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancers experience biochemical recurrence (BCR). Post-operative radiation therapy (RT) can be either offered immediately after the surgery in case of aggressive pathological features or proposed early if BCR occurs. Until recently, little data were available regarding the optimal RT timing, protocol, volumes to treat, and the benefit of adding androgen deprivation therapies to post-operative RT. In this review, we aim to pragmatically discuss current literature data on these points. Early salvage RT appears to be the optimal post-operative approach, improving oncological outcomes especially with low prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, as well as sparing several unnecessary adjuvant treatments. The standard RT dose is still 64–66 Gy to the prostate bed in conventional fractionation, but hypofractionation protocols are emerging pending on late toxicity data. Several scientific societies have published contouring atlases, even though they are heterogeneous and deserve future consensus. During salvage RT, the inclusion of pelvic lymph nodes is also controversial, but preliminary data show a possible benefit for PSA > 0.34 ng/ml at the cost of increased hematological side effects. Concomitant ADT and its duration are also discussed, possibly advantageous (at least in terms of metastasis-free survival) for PSA rates over 0.6 ng/ml, taking into account life expectancy and cardiovascular comorbidities. Intensified regimens, for instance, with new-generation hormone therapies, could further improve outcomes in carefully selected patients. Finally, recent advances in molecular imaging, as well as upcoming breakthroughs in genomics and artificial intelligence tools, could soon reshuffle the cards of the current therapeutic strategy.

In this work we provide direct experimental evidence on the correlation of remote interactions between a newly synthesized MnI-complex (1) and different alkali cations with redox potential tuning. Furthermore we report the electrochemical behavior of 1 towards carbon dioxide, including the effects of added alkali salts using cyclic voltammetry.

BackgroundUse of predictive models for the prediction of biochemical recurrence (BCR) is gaining attention for prostate cancer (PCa). Specifically, BCR occurs in approximately 20–40% of patients five years after radical prostatectomy (RP) and the ability to predict BCR may help clinicians to make better treatment decisions. We aim to investigate the accuracy of CAPRA score compared to others models in predicting the 3-year BCR of PCa patients.Material and MethodsA total of 5043 men who underwent RP were analyzed retrospectively. The accuracy of CAPRA score, Cox regression analysis, logistic regression, K-nearest neighbor (KNN), random forest (RF) and a densely connected feed-forward neural network (DNN) classifier were compared in terms of 3-year BCR predictive value. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was mainly used to assess the performance of the predictive models in predicting the 3 years BCR of PCa patients. Pre-operative data such as PSA level, Gleason grade, and T stage were included in the multivariate analysis. To measure potential improvements to the model performance due to additional data, each model was trained once more with an additional set of post-operative surgical data from definitive pathology.ResultsUsing the CAPRA score variables, DNN predictive model showed the highest AUC value of 0.7 comparing to the CAPRA score, logistic regression, KNN, RF, and cox regression with 0.63, 0.63, 0.55, 0.64, and 0.64, respectively. After including the post-operative variables to the model, the AUC values based on KNN, RF, and cox regression and DNN were improved to 0.77, 0.74, 0.75, and 0.84, respectively.ConclusionsOur results showed that the DNN has the potential to predict the 3-year BCR and outperformed the CAPRA score and other predictive models.

Background: von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder known in humans. Accurate and timely diagnosis presents numerous challenges. Objective: These evidence-based guidelines of the American Society of Hematology (ASH), the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH), the National Hemophilia Foundation (NHF), and the World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) are intended to support patients, clinicians, and other health care professionals in their decisions about VWD diagnosis. Methods: ASH, ISTH, NHF, and WFH established a multidisciplinary guideline panel that included 4 patient representatives and was balanced to minimize potential bias from conflicts of interest. The Outcomes and Implementation Research Unit at the University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC) supported the guideline-development process, including performing or updating systematic evidence reviews up to 8 January 2020. The panel prioritized clinical questions and outcomes according to their importance for clinicians and patients. The panel used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, including GRADE Evidence-to-Decision frameworks, to assess evidence and make recommendations, which were subsequently subject to public comment. Results: The panel agreed on 11 recommendations. Conclusions: Key recommendations of these guidelines include the role of bleeding-assessment tools in the assessment of patients suspected of VWD, diagnostic assays and laboratory cutoffs for type 1 and type 2 VWD, how to approach a type 1 VWD patient with normalized levels over time, and the role of genetic testing vs phenotypic assays for types 2B and 2N. Future critical research priorities are also identified.

International audience; The enantiopure coordination polymer [Dy(hfac)3((S/R)-L)]n ([(S/R)-1]n) involving a BINOL-derived bisphosphate ligand (S/R)-L is reported. Paramagnetic NMR and computational investigations demonstrated the formation of mononuclear species [(S/R)-1] in CH2Cl2 solution and its optimized structure was determined. The experimental electronic circular dichroism signals of (S/R)-L were strongly enhanced after metal coordination [(S/R)-1]. Both polymeric and mononuclear structures displayed field-induced Single-Molecule Magnet (SMM) behaviour with similar multi-relaxation processes due to the retention of crystal-field splitting determined by CASSCF calculations, despite the strong structural transformation between the two media. The HOMO ? LUMO transition of the (S)-L ligand induced the classical Dy(iii) emission at 77 K that was correlated with the magnetic properties. [(S)-1]n is described as one-dimensional assembly of chiral luminescent Single-Ion Magnets (SIMs).

Simple Summary Exclusive chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for non-metastatic anal squamous cell carcinomas. Identifying novel prognostic factors could help to improve CRT outcomes, notably for locally advanced diseases where relapses still occur in around 35% of patients. In this study, we aim to assess the potential value of a pre-therapeutic MRI radiomic analysis added to standard clinical variables in order to build a logistic regression model predicting 2-year recurrence after CRT. In a population of 82 patients randomly divided in training (n = 54) and testing (n = 28) sets, after selection of optimal variables, a model using two radiomic (FirstOrder_Entropy and GLCM_JointEnergy) and two clinical (tumor size and CRT length) features was able to predict the 2-year recurrence with good performances in the testing set. Radiomic biomarkers provided valuable additional and independent information added to clinical data, and could help contribute to identify high risk patients amenable to treatment intensification with view of personalized medicine. Abstract Purpose: Chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for non-metastatic anal squamous cell carcinomas (ASCC). Despite excellent results for T1-2 stages, relapses still occur in around 35% of locally advanced tumors. Recent strategies focus on treatment intensification, but could benefit from a better patient selection. Our goal was to assess the prognostic value of pre-therapeutic MRI radiomics on 2-year disease control (DC). Methods: We retrospectively selected patients with non-metastatic ASCC treated at the CHU Bordeaux and in the French FFCD0904 multicentric trial. Radiomic features were extracted from T2-weighted pre-therapeutic MRI delineated sequences. After random division between training and testing sets on a 2:1 ratio, univariate and multivariate analysis were performed on the training cohort to select optimal features. The correlation with 2-year DC was assessed using logistic regression models, with AUC and accuracy as performance gauges, and the prediction of disease-free survival using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: A total of 82 patients were randomized in the training (n = 54) and testing sets (n = 28). At 2 years, 24 patients (29%) presented relapse. In the training set, two clinical (tumor size and CRT length) and two radiomic features (FirstOrder_Entropy and GLCM_JointEnergy) were associated with disease control in univariate analysis and included in the model. The clinical model was outperformed by the mixed (clinical and radiomic) model in both the training (AUC 0.758 versus 0.825, accuracy of 75.9% versus 87%) and testing (AUC 0.714 versus 0.898, accuracy of 78.6% versus 85.7%) sets, which led to distinctive high and low risk of disease relapse groups (HR 8.60, p = 0.005). Conclusion: A mixed model with two clinical and two radiomic features was predictive of 2-year disease control after CRT and could contribute to identify high risk patients amenable to treatment intensification with view of personalized medicine.

In the realm of biomolecules, peptides can present a large diversity of structures. Our study sheds new light on the structural interplay between a tris-dipicolinate lanthanide probe and a decapeptide SASYKTLPRG. Although a rather trivial, electrostatically driven interaction was expected, the combination of paramagnetic NMR and molecular dynamics simulations reveals a highly dynamic association process and allows for providing extensive insights into the interaction sites and their occupancy. This study highlights the importance of a large conformational sampling to reconcile characteristic time in NMR with molecular dynamics simulations, where sampling in the microsecond range is needed. This study opens the door for a detailed mechanistic elucidation of the early steps of lanthanide complex-peptide or lanthanide complex–protein interaction or self-assembly processes.

New in radiotherapy of solid tumors. The new irradiation techniques integrate the latest technological developments in medical imaging and computer science, dosimetry, and linacs into the treatment procedure. They raise new hopes for the treatment of solid tumor pathologies. Three techniques seem particularly promising: intensity modulated radiotherapy, respiratory gating radiotherapy, and stereotactic radiotherapy. The emergence of artificial intelligence, and particularly its applications in the field of imaging, opens up a new field of research. The purpose of these different innovations is to achieve very high precision radiotherapy, which makes it possible to better adapt the radiation fields to the tumor and thus protect the critical organs.Nouveautés dans la radiothérapie des tumeurs solides. Les nouvelles techniques d’irradiation intègrent dans la procédure de traitement les derniers développements technologiques en matière d’imagerie et d’informatique médicales, de dosimétrie, et d’appareils de traitement. Elles suscitent des espoirs nouveaux pour le traitement des pathologies tumorales solides. Trois techniques semblent particulièrement prometteuses : la radiothérapie conformationnelle avec modulation d’intensité, l’irradiation avec asservissement respiratoire, et la radiothérapie en conditions stéréotaxiques. L’irruption de l’intelligence artificielle, et particulièrement de ses applications dans le domaine de l’imagerie, ouvre un nouveau champ de recherche. Ces différentes innovations ont pour vocation d’aboutir à une radiothérapie de très haute précision permettant de mieux adapter les champs d’irradiation à la tumeur et ainsi de protéger les organes critiques.

Purpose Radiomics are a set of methods used to leverage medical imaging and extract quantitative features that can characterize a patient's phenotype. All modalities can be used with several different software packages. Specific informatics methods can then be used to create meaningful predictive models. In this review, we will explain the major steps of a radiomics analysis pipeline and then present the studies published in the context of radiation therapy. Methods A literature review was performed on Medline using the search engine PubMed. The search strategy included the search terms “radiotherapy”, “radiation oncology” and “radiomics”. The search was conducted in July 2019 and reference lists of selected articles were hand searched for relevance to this review. Results A typical radiomics workflow always includes five steps: imaging and segmenting, data curation and preparation, feature extraction, exploration and selection and finally modeling. In radiation oncology, radiomics studies have been published to explore different clinical outcome in lung (n = 5), head and neck (n = 5), esophageal (n = 3), rectal (n = 3), pancreatic (n = 2) cancer and brain metastases (n = 2). The quality of these retrospective studies is heterogeneous and their results have not been translated to the clinic. Conclusion Radiomics has a great potential to predict clinical outcome and better personalize treatment. But the field is still young and constantly evolving. Improvement in bias reduction techniques and multicenter studies will hopefully allow more robust and generalizable models.

Phosphate recognition in water is a hot topic due to their importance in biology and environment. The design and conception of water-soluble receptors that are efficient and selective is a difficult task because of the water medium, which provides highly competitive electrostatic interactions. A possible strategy relies on multipoint recognition with a polycationic site for electrostatic interaction with the phosphate moiety and a hydrophobic cavity for the organic one. Following this strategy, a detailed study of the hosting properties of a water-soluble resorcinarene-based metallo-cavitand, WRim4Zn, with various organophosphates is presented. The ZnII receptor showed good affinity and selectivity for n-alkyl phosphates (CnP) having from 2 to 6 carbons, in 100% water at physiological pH. The strongest association was obtained with C6P [K′pD7.4 = 3.6 × 104 M−1] whereas C7P binds 100 times less strongly. This very sharp selectivity pattern stands in strong contrast with carboxylate guests for which the optimum size corresponds to acetate. The different selectivity pattern stems from a switch in the coordination mode of ZnII upon phosphate binding, inducing the decoordination of two out of the four imidazole arms grafted on the resorcinarene macrocycle. Hence, the efficiency of WRim4Zn for alkyl phosphate recognition and unusual selectivity relative to the organic moiety of the phosphate analytes is ascribed to the synergistic action of a metal binding site for the phosphate head (the ZnII receptor is 100 times more efficient than the cavity ligand WRim4 itself), a hydrophobic cavity for alkyl embedment, protonated arms leading to further electrostatic stabilization, spacers between the recognition points (ZnII, imidazoliums, resorcinarene bowl cavity) allowing directional and spatial control of guest binding. Another key point is the water-solubility of the hydrophobic core insured by the pyridinium feet positioned away from the receptacle, which avoids the destructuring of the receptor metallo-site. Phosphodiesters, which are singly charged and congested, are not recognized. Hence, the good affinity displayed for C6P makes WRim4Zn one of the best cavity-based receptor for organophosphates described to date. These results open new routes for sensing biologically and environmentally important organic anions, considering the tunability of the functionalization pattern of the resorcinarene core.

We propose an original concept to measure accurately enantiomeric excesses on proton NMR spectra, which combines high-resolution techniques based on a spatial encoding of the sample, with the use of optically active weakly orienting solvents. We show that it is possible to simulate accurately dipolar edited spectra of enantiomers dissolved in a chiral liquid crystalline phase, and to use these simulations to calibrate integrations that can be measured on experimental data, in order to perform a quantitative chiral analysis. This approach is demonstrated on a chemical intermediate for which optical purity is an essential criterion. We find that there is a very good correlation between the experimental and calculated integration ratios extracted from G-SERF spectra, which paves the way to a general method of determination of enantiomeric excesses based on the observation of 1H nuclei.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in chiral liquid crystalline media is a powerful tool for deciphering mixtures of enantiomers. 1H NMR appears to be the most sensitive technique for analyzing enantiomers but remains very challenging for the analysis of chiral solutes interacting with weakly orienting media. Indeed, probing 1H networks even for small sized molecules is difficult because in oriented media, partially averaged anisotropic interactions such as residual dipolar couplings contribute to broaden NMR signals and lead to crowded spectra. For this reason, using 1H NMR for analyzing enantiomeric mixtures has long required a complex and tedious analytical process to extract a qualitative and quantitative information about each enantiomer. Several methods have been developed in the last decade to overcome this difficulty. SElective ReFocussing (SERF) based techniques allowed the possibility to get access to high resolution spectra and measure accurately every homonuclear 1H total couplings for each enantiomer. Among them, the Gradient encoded SERF (G-SERF) pulse sequence is an advanced tool for a rapid analysis of whole networks of residual dipolar couplings. Moreover, other multi-dimensional experiments have been developed to acquire homonuclear correlation spectra in which complex proton lineshapes of fully coupled systems are simplified. Finally, heteronuclear correlation methods that eventually combine the signal dispersion of another heteronucleus with the homonuclear decoupling of the proton dimension, were successfully implemented to separate lines from 1H sites in each enantiomer.

A representative set of treated waste wood was extensively characterized in order to evaluate its heterogeneity and its suitability with combustion process. Samples included both average samples made up of waste wood mixtures and specific waste wood classes. Untreated wood was also considered for comparison. As expected, neither heating value nor composition in C, H, O varied significantly compared to untreated wood. However, differences arose for minor elements, in relation with the chemical treatments undergone by waste wood. Particleboard was shown to be the main source of N with values up to 38 g/kg due to the presence of N-containing resins. Heavy metals like Ba, Ti or Zn were clearly associated to pigments used in painted wood or coatings and their amount reached respectively 2.6, 2.9 and 1.1 g/kg in painted wood. Cr and Cu were shown to come essentially from the chemical treatment undergone by impregnated wood with values of several thousands of mg/kg. A comparison between the minor elements contents found in waste wood and the specifications required in terms of feedstock composition and gas emissions in biomass combustion plants showed that the use of such feedstock would require either pretreatment before combustion to remove impurities or specific gas post-treatment.

Review on invitation by Prof. Bodenhausen; International audience; NMR spectroscopy of oriented samples makes accessible residual anisotropic intramolecular NMR interactions, such as chemical shift anisotropy (RCSA), dipolar coupling (RDC), and quadrupolar coupling (RQC), while preserving high spectral resolution. In addition, in a chiral aligned environment, enantiomers of chiral molecules or enantiopic elements of prochiral compounds adopt different average orientations on the NMR timescale, and hence produce distinct NMR spectra or signals. NMR spectroscopy in chiral aligned media is a powerful analytical tool, and notably provides unique information on (pro)chirality analysis, natural isotopic fractionation, stereochemistry, as well as molecular conformation and configuration. Significant progress has been made in this area over the three last decades, particularly using polypeptide-based chiral liquid crystals (CLCs) made of organic solutions of helically chiral polymers (as PBLG) in organic solvents. This review presents an overview of NMR in polymeric LCs. In particular, we describe the theoretical tools and the major NMR methods that have been developed and applied to study (pro)chiral molecules dissolved in such oriented solvents. We also discuss the representative applications illustrating the analytical potential of this original NMR tool. This overview article is dedicated to thirty years of original contributions to the development of NMR spectroscopy in polypeptide-based chiral liquid crystals.

International audience; We report the acquisition of 2D NMR EXSY spectra with ultrahigh resolution, which allows for probing the slow conformational exchange process in a pharmaceutical compound. The resolution enhancement is achieved by implementing interferogram based PSYCHE homonuclear decoupling to generate a pure shift proton spectrum along the direct domain of the resulting data. The performance of this pure shift EXSY pulse sequence is compared to the standard experiment recorded under identical conditions. It is found that although being less sensitive and requiring a longer acquisition time, the quality of pure shift spectra allows for extracting exchange rates values that are coherent with the ones determined by standard approach, on a temperature range that demonstrates the robustness of the chosen homonuclear decoupling method. The resolution enhancement provided by the simplification of proton line shape allows for probing a higher number of proton sites whose analysis would have been biased using a standard method. These results open the way to a thorough and accurate study of chemical exchange processes based on a multi-site analysis of 2D pure shift EXSY spectra Figure 1. The structure and labeling of Trandolapril. The arrow indicates the main chemical bond involved in the conformational equilibrium as described elsewhere. [2] Articles

Background Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is one of the most common inflammatory rheumatic diseases. To date, there is no imaging procedure that can be used as a prognostic factor for good or poor response to corticosteroid therapy Objectives To evaluate the prognostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT (FDG-PET/CT) score at baseline, on the therapeutic response to prednisone, in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). Methods This is a monocentric retrospective study realized at the university hospital of Besancon. We included patients with a diagnosis of PMR meeting the 2012 ACR/EULAR criteria, who had performed a FDG-PET/CT at baseline, between december 2012 and december 2017. Patients were treated with an initial prednisone dose of 0.3mg/kg a day, progressively decreased following a standardized tapering dose protocol (10%/month). We excluded patients who received corticosteroids before the FDG-PET/CT, or without baseline FDG-PET/CT. Seventeen specifics previously described hotspots were visually analyzed (1). We realized a semi-quantitative analysis of FDG uptake (4-point score from 0 to 3), following Goerres scoring system (2). Hotspot with 0 indicating no uptake (same as bone); 1, slight uptake; 2, moderate uptake (same as liver); and 3, uptake higher than the liver, with a global range score of 0 to 51. Then we defined two groups of patients according to their resistance to prednisone at 12 months, defined as the reoccurrence of symptoms and/or an increase of systemic inflammation twice during the prednisone tapering. Results 33 patients where included: 14 (42%) in the group “resistant “and 19 (58%) in the group “sensitive”. There were 57.6% of women, with a mean age of 67.57 ± 11,63 years. The mean CRP at baseline was 45.02 ± 39.59 mg/L. The mean FDG-PET/CT score at baseline was 18/51. The FDG-PET/CT score at baseline was significantly lower in the resistant group (13.1 vs 22.8/51, p =0.019). Resistant patients were younger (61.1 vs 72.4 years, p Conclusion Our results suggest that in patients with PMR, a baseline FGD-PET/CT score over 9.5/51 score is predictive of a good response to prednisone. References [1] Sondag.M, et al. Utility of 18F-fluoro-dexoxyglucose positron emission tomography for the diagnosis of polymyalgia rheumatica: a controlled stud. Rheumatology 2016 Aug;55(8):1452-7. [2] Goerres GW, Forster A, Uebelhart D, et al. F-18 FDG whole-body PET for the assessment of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Nucl Med 2006;31:386-90. Disclosure of Interests None declared

Background:Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a common inflammatory rheumatism, characterized by axial and/or peripheral enthesitis. The positron emission tomography (PET/CT) allows the detection of inflammation.Objectives:Our objective was to study the rhizomelic fixation with 18F-FDG (18-Fluorine deoxyglucose) PET/CT in SpA, compared to a Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) group and to a control without rheumatological manifestationsMethods:Monocentric and retrospective study, including patients who have benefited from PET/CT. 2 groups of patients, with SpA on the one hand, and PMR on the other hand, fulfilling standard diagnostic criteria. A third group of controls (CN) benefiting from PET/CT in the context of assessment of a neoplasia. The rhizomelic fixations were evaluated according to the average of semi-quantitative scores. This in different rhizomelic sites, articular (gleno-humeral, coxo-femoral) and extra-articular (sub acromial (BSAD), trochanteric bursitis).Results:147 patients were included: 44 SpA, 50 PMR, and 53 CN. The rhizomelic fixations were significantly lower in SpA compared to PMR: on the pelvic girdle [0.31(0.7) vs 1.15(1.04), p=1.2*10-10], the scapular girdle [0.15(0.44) vs. 1.35(1.2), p=7.09*10-15], the hip joints [0.27(0.62) vs 1.16(1.16), p=1.6*10-5], glenohumeral joints [0.18(0.49) vs. 1.71(1.04), p=4.75*10-12], the trochanteric bursae [0.36(0.77) vs 1.14(0.91), p=3.54*10-6], BSADs [0.11(0.38) vs. 0.98(1.24),p=4.63*10-5], or overall rhizomelic fixation. [0.23(0.59) vs. 1.26(1.14), p= 4.47*10-24]. The fixation was also significantly lower for SpA compared to CN, in trochanters [0.36(0.77) vs 0.58(0.68),p=3.54*10-6], at the glenohumeral joints [0.18(0.49) vs 0.58(0.66),p=3.27*10-5], pelvic girdle [0.31(0.7) vs. 0.49(0.67),p=0.0028] and scapular girdle [0.15(0.44) vs. 0.41(0.66), p=7.09*10-15] and on the global overall rhizomelic fixation [0.23(0.59) vs. 0.49(0.67), p=1.22*10-6].Conclusion:Our study is the first to study the rhizomelic fixations with 18f-FDG in SpA, compared to another rheumatism inflammatory and controls. We found a lower fixation in SpA compared to PMR, confirming the major and specific rhizomelic fixation of PMR. We found a lower fixing of SpA compared to CN, without anatomical, articular or extra-articular systematization. SpA seems to be a condition with low uptake on 18f-FDG PET/CT, particularly at the rhizomelic level, compared to PMR and controls.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.