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Background: Identifying genetic variants that affect the level of cell cycle reentry and establishing the degree of cell cycle progression in those variants could help guide development of therapeutic interventions aimed at effecting cardiac regeneration. We observed that C57Bl6/NCR (B6N) mice have a marked increase in cardiomyocyte S-phase activity after permanent coronary artery ligation compared with infarcted DBA/2J (D2J) mice. Methods: Cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity after infarction was monitored in D2J, (D2J×B6N)-F1, and (D2J×B6N)-F1×D2J backcross mice by means of bromodeoxyuridine or 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine incorporation using a nuclear-localized transgenic reporter to identify cardiomyocyte nuclei. Genome-wide quantitative trait locus analysis, fine scale genetic mapping, whole exome sequencing, and RNA sequencing analyses of the backcross mice were performed to identify the gene responsible for the elevated cardiomyocyte S-phase phenotype. Results: (D2J×B6N)-F1 mice exhibited a 14-fold increase in cardiomyocyte S-phase activity in ventricular regions remote from infarct scar compared with D2J mice (0.798±0.09% versus 0.056±0.004%; P P Tnni3k (troponin I-interacting kinase) is expressed in B6N hearts but not in D2J hearts. Transgenic expression of TNNI3K in a D2J genetic background results in elevated cardiomyocyte S-phase activity after injury. Cardiomyocyte S-phase activity in both Tnni3k-expressing and Tnni3k-nonexpressing mice results in the formation of polyploid nuclei. Conclusions: These data indicate that Tnni3k expression increases the level of cardiomyocyte S-phase activity after injury.

The Social Distancing Festival is an international, multidisciplinary online theatre festival that was created as theatres, music venues, and art galleries across Canada shut their doors owing to the spread of COVID-19 The website received hundreds of submissions, media attention from around the world, and over a quarter of a million unique visitors within the first week of launching Artists participated from across Canada and around the world, including countries that had been severely impacted by the virus, such as China, Italy, and Spain The process of collecting and presenting this art was deeply moving, in terms of both the quality of the work and the stories of those who submitted This article chronicles the creation of this work, revisits some of the standout content, and details the Long Distance Art series [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Canadian Theatre Review is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )

The celebration of the day of patron saint of the local church is a custom that is widespread among Christians in various parts of the world. In the plain and mountain areas of the Romanian Banat region, this day is referred to as ruga (pl. ruge), which literally means “pray.” These customary events are local community participatory festivals in the sense that they include both active and passive participants, the former joining in the dancing, the latter sitting and watching whilst socialising with relatives and friends. Although these events are primarily held on fixed calendrical days according to the patron saint of a specific church, they are in most cases attended by representatives of the many ethnicities and religious confessions that live together in the Banat region. This paper examines saint’s day celebrations in Banat as one of the prime community events where music and dancing take place. It draws on the authors’ fieldwork undertaken at saint’s day celebrations in the Romanian Banat where they observed the similarities and differences in these events. Their research is supplemented by drawing on reports from local media on ruge, historical accounts, and conversations with locals. Their conclusion is that over time the concept of the celebration of ruge has been maintained though the precise details of the events have changed over time as these celebrations have been adapted to meet the needs of present- day communities while retaining their function as participatory community celebrations.

This paper examines the parallel histories of how artists took over old industrial spaces and short-life housing in east London, and gentrification and the rise of the twenty-first century phenomenon of the 'urban hipster'. The paper argues that it was only towards the end of the 1990s that the 'artists' east London' and the 'gentrifiers' east London' began to coalesce geographically. While in the final third of the twentieth century, east London as a creative quarter was focused on production, in the twenty-first century, the idea of creative quarters has been more to do with consumption, with the consequence that the producers, artists, were being priced out. The paper concludes that recent initiatives such as London's 2019 Cultural Infrastructure Strategy suggest that both production and consumption are now being recognized as equally important.

Aims Perthes’ disease is a condition which leads to necrosis of the femoral head. It is most commonly reported in children aged four to nine years, with recent statistics suggesting it affects around five per 100,000 children in the UK. Current treatment for the condition aims to maintain the best possible environment for the disease process to run its natural course. Management typically includes physiotherapy with or without surgical intervention. Physiotherapy intervention often will include strengthening/stretching programmes, exercise/activity advice, and, in some centres, will include intervention, such as hydrotherapy. There is significant variation in care with no consensus on which treatment option is best. The importance of work in this area has been demonstrated by the British Society for Children’s Orthopaedic Surgery through the James Lind Alliance’s prioritization of work to determine/identify surgical versus non-surgical management of Perthes’ disease. It was identified as the fourth-highest priority for paediatric lower limb surgery research in 2018. Methods Five UK NHS centres, including those from the NEWS (North, East, West and South Yorkshire) orthopaedic group, contributed to this case review, with each entre providing clinical data from a minimum of five children. Information regarding both orthopaedic and physiotherapeutic management over a two-year post-diagnosis period was reviewed. Results Data were extracted from the clinical records of 32 children diagnosed with Perthes’ disease; seven boys and 25 girls. The mean age of the children at diagnosis was 6.16 years (standard deviation (SD) 3.001). In all, 26 children were referred for physiotherapy. In the two-year period following diagnosis, children were seen a median of 7.5 times (interquartile range (IQR) 4.25 to 11) by an orthopaedic surgeon, and a median of 9.5 times (IQR 8 to 18.25) by a physiotherapist. One centre had operated on all of their children, while another had operated on none. Overall, 17 (53%) of the children were managed conservatively in the two-year follow-up period, and 15 (47%) of the children underwent surgery in the two-year follow-up period. Conclusion The results of this case review demonstrate a variation of care provided to children in the UK with Perthes’ disease. Further national and international understanding of current care is required to underpin the rationale for different treatment options in children with Perthes’ disease. Cite this article: Bone Joint Open 2020;1-11:691–695.

Worked-out examples (WOEs) have been shown to be effective for learning, but they need to be adapted to student characteristics. We experimented with three versions of our Intelligent Tutoring System for Computer Science, one that does not include WOEs, and two that differ as concerns WOE length and content. We found that shorter WOEs are more effective for advanced students, whereas novice students learned the same, no matter the presence or length of the WOE.

The ‘compact city’ concept is prominent in contemporary planning policy debates about ideal urban forms. However, the property of compactness itself is not well defined, and is sometimes confused or conflated with density. This chapter develops a new geometric interpretation of compactness with specific indicators—relating to diameter and perimeter—that can capture this property in the urban context. The chapter demonstrates these compactness indicators first by application to theoretical geometric shapes and then a range of English urban areas. The chapter reflects on the interpretation of the core concept of compactness, and suggests additional indicators such as ‘built compactness’ and ‘population compactness’.

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd.An electro-thermal model is generated to predict the internal temperature of an electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC) undergoing high current charging/discharging. The model is capable of predicting the electrical and thermal behavior of a cell over a wide range of operating conditions. Spiral symmetry is used to reduce the heat generation and transfer model from 3D to a pseudo-3D, which runs faster without losing fidelity. Unlike existing models, each element in the developed model retains physical meaning and the electrical model is coupled with a high-fidelity thermal model including material geometries, thermal properties and air gaps. Unequal entropy is calculated using first principles, included in the model and compared to experimental data, and shown to be valid. More entropic heat is generated at the positive electrode than the negative in a typical EDLC, and there is little spatial variation of heat generation rate within the jelly-roll. The heat-transfer model predicts temperature variations within a cell; this study examines these variations for multiple conditions. Whilst undergoing high current charging (2 s, 400 A, 650 F cell), a temperature gradient in excess of 3.5 °C can be generated between the positive terminal and the jelly-roll. The time dependent spatial temperature distribution within a cell is explored.

Pair programming is a practice where two coders work side by side at one computer. The practice has been linked to many benefits including increased student engagement, satisfaction, and course grades. We present a quantitative study comparing the fine-grained interactions of individual programmers versus pair programmers as they work to solve coding problems using an Intelligent Tutoring System. We collected data from over 115 students resulting in more than 53,000 log events. We discovered that while both individual and pair programmers had equivalent learning gains, pair programmers took significantly less time on most problems, consulted fewer examples, coded more efficiently, and showed more signs of engagement. Individuals adapted to problems requiring new and compounded concepts at a rate similar to pair programmers.

In this study we explore how different methods of structuring collaborative interventions affect student learning and interaction in an Intelligent Tutoring System for Computer Science. We compare two methods of structuring collaboration: one condition, unstructured, does not provide students with feedback on their collaboration; whereas the other condition, semistructured, offers a visualization of group performance over time, partner contribution comparison and feedback, and general tips on collaboration. We present a contrastive analysis of student interaction outcomes between conditions, and explore students reported perceptions of both systems. We found that students in both conditions have significant learning gains, equivalent coding efficiency, and limited reliance on system examples. However, unstructured users are more on-topic in their conversational dialogue, whereas semistructured users exhibit better planning skills as problem difficulty increases.

The requirements of the Energy Storage System (ESS) for an electrified vehicle portfolio consisting of a range of vehicles from micro Hybrid Electric Vehicle (mHEV) to a Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) vary considerably. To reduce development cost of an electrified powertrain portfolio, a modular system would ideally be scaled across each vehicle; however, the conflicting requirements of a mHEV and BEV prevent this. This study investigates whether it is possible to combine supercapacitors suitable for an mHEV with high-energy batteries suitable for use in a BEV to create a Hybridised Energy Storage System (HESS) suitable for use in a HEV. A passive HESS is found to be capable of meeting the electrical demands of a HEV drive cycle; the operating principles of HESSs are discussed and factors limiting system performance are explored. The performance of the HESS is found to be significantly less temperature dependent than battery-only systems, however the heat generated suggests a requirement for thermal management. As the HESS degrades (at a similar rate to a specialised high-power-battery), battery resistance rises faster than supercapacitor resistance; as a result, the supercapacitor provides a greater current contribution, therefore the energy throughput, temperature rise and degradation of the batteries is reduced.

Objective Knee range of motion (ROM) at discharge from acute care is used as a clinical indicator following total knee replacement (TKR) surgery. This study aimed to assess the clinical relevance of this indicator by determining whether discharge knee ROM predicts longer-term knee ROM and patient-reported knee pain and function. Methods A total of 176 TKR recipients were prospectively followed after discharge from acute care. Outcomes assessed included knee ROM and Oxford knee score post rehabilitation and 1 year post surgery. Discharge ROM and other patient factors were identified a priori as potential predictors in multiple linear regression modelling. Results A total of 133 (76%) and 141 (80%) patients were available for follow-up post rehabilitation [mean postoperative week 8.1 (SD 2.7)] and at 1 year [mean postoperative month 12.1 (SD 1.4)], respectively. Greater discharge knee flexion was a significant (P

Objectives Knee range of motion (ROM) at the point of discharge from acute care is used as a clinical indicator to benchmark performance between hospital services after total knee replacement (TKR). The utility of the current benchmark, including whether discharge ROM varies between hospitals, is unknown. This study aimed to determine whether the benchmark [≥80 degrees flexion and ≤5 degrees fixed flexion (extension)] is realistic and whether the service provider is a predictor of knee ROM. Methods A prospective, observational cohort study was conducted involving 176 TKR patients from four hospitals. Knee ROM was photographically assessed preoperatively and at discharge. ‘Hospital’, typical patient demographic data and preoperative ROM were identified a priori as potential predictors of knee ROM. Results Overall, 2% [95% CI (confidence interval) 1–6] of patients attained the ROM benchmark. Individual hospital attainment of the benchmark ranged 0–7% with a significant difference (P = 0.047) evident between the best performer and the remaining hospitals. The overall rates of attainment of the individual flexion (25%, 95% CI 19–32) and extension (15%, 95% CI 10–21) components were similarly low, although the scatter between hospitals was large [flexion (2–47%); extension (8–44%)]. Preoperative flexion and hospital were significant (P = 0.002) predictors of discharge flexion, explaining 21% of the variance. Similarly, hospital and preoperative extension together with gender were significant (P

Interview with Bill Fletcher, Jr., co-founder of the Center for Labor Renewal and Director of Field Services and Education for the American Federation of Government Employees (AFGE). Fletcher discusses the intersection of race and labor, labor issues both domestic and international.

Worked-out examples have been shown to increase learning gains over problem solving alone. These increases are even greater in novices and those who are learning algorithmic topics, such as those in Computer Science. We have integrated this strategy into our Intelligent Tutoring System and evaluated it on undergraduate students learning the linked list data structure. Although promising, we have identified behavioral differences between high and low gainers - spending less time on an example, and prematurely quitting them led to greater learning.

Calls for widespread Computer Science CS education have been issued from the White House down and have been met with increased enrollment in CS undergraduate programs. Yet, these programs often suffer from high attrition rates. One successful approach to addressing the problem of low retention has been a focus on group work and collaboration. This paper details the design of a collaborative ITS CIT for foundational CS concepts including basic data structures and algorithms. We investigate the benefit of collaboration to student learning while using the CIT. We compare learning gains of our prior work in a non-collaborative system versus two methods of supporting collaboration in the collaborative-ITS. In our study of 60 students, we found significant learning gains for students using both versions. We also discovered notable differences related to student perception of tutor helpfulness which we will investigate in subsequent work.