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1. Inclusive Electron Scattering in the Resonance Region off a Hydrogen Target with CLAS12

Author: Klimenko, V., Carman, D. S., Gothe, R. W., Joo, K., Markov, N., Mokeev, V. I., Niculescu, G., Achenbach, P., Alvarado, J. S., Armstrong, W., Atac, H., Avakian, H., Baashen, L., Baltzell, N. A., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Boiarinov, S., Bossu, F., Brinkmann, K. -Th., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, W. K., Burkert, V. D., Bueltmann, S., Capobianco, R., Carvajal, J., Celentano, A., Chatagnon, P., Ciullo, G., Angelo, A. D, Dashyan, N., Defurne, M., De Vita, R., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Dilks, C., Djalali, C., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Elouadrhiri, L., Fegan, S., Fernando, I. P., Filippi, A., Gavalian, G., Gilfoyle, G. P., Glazier, D. I., Hafidi, K., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Blin, A. N. Hiller, Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jiang, H., Jo, H. S., Joosten, S., Kageya, T., Keller, D., Kim, A., Kim, W., Klest, H. T., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Kuhn, S. E., Lanza, L., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Livingston, K., MacGregor, I. J. D., Marchand, D., Martiryan, D., Mascagna, V., Matamoris, D., McKinnon, B., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Camacho, C. Munoz, Turonski, P. Nadel, Nagorna, T., Neupane, K., Niccolai, S., Osipenko, M., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Pasyuk, E., Paul, S. J., Phelps, W., Pilleux, N., Rafael, S. Polcher, Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Raue, B. A., Richards, J., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., Rossi, P., Rusova, A. A., Salgado, C., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Sharabian, Y. G., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, S., Sparveris, N., Spreafico, M., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tan, J. A, Tenorio, M., Trotta, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Vittorini, T., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P., Weerasinghe, U., Wei, X., Wood, M. H., Xu, L., Zachariou, N., Zhao, Z. W., Zurek, M., and Shresth, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Inclusive electron scattering cross sections off a hydrogen target at a beam energy of 10.6 GeV have been measured with data collected from the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Laboratory. These first absolute cross sections from CLAS12 cover a wide kinematic area in invariant mass W of the final state hadrons from the pion threshold up to 2.5 GeV for each bin in virtual photon four-momentum transfer squared $Q^2$ from 2.55 to 10.4~GeV$^2$ owing to the large scattering angle acceptance of the CLAS12 detector. Comparison of the cross sections with the resonant contributions computed from the CLAS results on the nucleon resonance electroexcitation amplitudes has demonstrated a promising opportunity to extend the information on their $Q^2$ evolution up to 10 GeV$^2$. Together these results from CLAS and CLAS12 offer good prospects for probing the nucleon parton distributions at large fractional parton momenta $x$ for $W$ < 2.5 GeV, while covering the range of distances where the transition from the strongly coupled to the perturbative regimes is expected.
Published: 2025

2. Measurement of the nucleon spin structure functions for 0.01<$Q^2$<1 GeV$^2$ using CLAS

Author: Deur, A., Kuhn, S. E., Ripani, M., Zheng, X., Acar, A. G., Achenbach, P., Adhikari, K. P., Alvarado, J. S., Amaryan, M. J., Armstrong, W. R., Atac, H., Avakian, H., Baashen, L., Baltzell, N. A., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Booth, W. A., ossu, F. B, Bosted, P., Boiarinov, S., Brinkmann, K. Th., Briscoe, W. J., Bueltmann, S., Burkert, V. D., Carman, D. S., Chatagnon, P., Chen, J. P., Ciullo, G., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Crede, V., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Diehl, S., Djalali, C., Drozdov, V. A., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Elouadrhiri, L., Eugenio, P., Faggert, J. C., Fegan, S., Fersch, R., Filippi, A., Gates, K., Gavalian, G., Gilfoyle, G. P., Gothe, R. W., Guo, L., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., Heddle, D., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jiang, H., Jo, H. S., Joosten, S., Kang, H., Keith, C., Khandaker, M., Kim, W., Klein, F. J., Klimenko, V., Konczykowski, P., Kovacs, K., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Lanza, L., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Li, X., Long, E., MacGregor, I. J. D., Marchand, D., Mascagna, V., Matamoros, D., McKinnon, B., Meekins, D., Migliorati, S., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Munoz-Camacho, C., Nadel-Turonski, P., Nagorna, T., Neupane, K., Niccolai, S., Osipenko, M., Ostrovidov, A. I., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Pasyuk, E., Paul, S. J., Phelps, W., Phillips, S. K., Pierce, J., Pilleux, N., Pokhrel, M., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Radic, A., Reed, T., Richards, J., Rosner, G., Rossi, P., Rusova, A. A., Salgado, C., Schmidt, A., Schumacher, R. A., Sharabian, Y. G., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Sirca, S., Sparveris, N., Spreafico, M., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Sulkosky, V., Tan, J. A., Tenorio, M., Trotta, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Upton, D. W., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P., Wei, X., Wood, M. H., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., and Zurek, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The spin structure functions of the proton and the deuteron were measured during the EG4 experiment at Jefferson Lab in 2006. Data were collected for longitudinally polarized electron scattering off longitudinally polarized NH$_3$ and ND$_3$ targets, for $Q^2$ values as small as 0.012 and 0.02 GeV$^2$, respectively, using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). This is the archival paper of the EG4 experiment that summaries the previously reported results of the polarized structure functions $g_1$, $A_1F_1$, and their moments $\overline \Gamma_1$, $\overline \gamma_0$, and $\overline I_{TT}$, for both the proton and the deuteron. In addition, we report on new results on the neutron $g_1$ extracted by combining proton and deuteron data and correcting for Fermi smearing, and on the neutron moments $\overline \Gamma_1$, $\overline \gamma_0$, and $\overline I_{TT}$ formed directly from those of the proton and the deuteron. Our data are in good agreement with the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule for the proton, deuteron, and neutron. Furthermore, the isovector combination was formed for $g_1$ and the Bjorken integral $\overline \Gamma_1^{p-n}$, and compared to available theoretical predictions. All of our results provide for the first time extensive tests of spin observable predictions from chiral effective field theory ($\chi$EFT) in a $Q^2$ range commensurate with the pion mass. They motivate further improvement in $\chi$EFT calculations from other approaches such as the lattice gauge method., Comment: 33 pages. 26 figures. Data table provided as supplementary material (30 pages latex and csv tables)
Published: 2024

3. First Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering on the Neutron with Detection of the Active Neutron

Author: CLAS Collaboration, Hobart, A., Niccolai, S., Čuić, M., Kumerički, K., Achenbach, P., Alvarado, J. S., Armstrong, W. R., Atac, H., Avakian, H., Baashen, L., Baltzell, N. A., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Boiarinov, S., Bondi, M., Booth, W. A., Bossù, F., Brinkmann, K. -Th., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, W. K., Bueltmann, S., Burkert, V. D., Cao, T., Capobianco, R., Carman, D. S., Chatagnon, P., Ciullo, G., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Dilks, C., Djalali, C., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Elouadrhiri, L., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Fogler, C., Gates, K., Gavalian, G., Gilfoyle, G. P., Glazier, D., Gothe, R. W., Gotra, Y., Guidal, M., Hafidi, K., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., Heddle, D., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jiang, H., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kageya, T., Kim, A., Kim, W., Klimenko, V., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Kuhn, S. E., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Li, X., MacGregor, I. J. D., Marchand, D., Mascagna, V., Maynes, M., McKinnon, B., Meziani, Z. E., Migliorati, S., Milner, R. G., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Camacho, C. Muñoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Naidoo, P., Neupane, K., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Pasyuk, E., Paul, S. J., Phelps, W., Pilleux, N., Pokhrel, M., Rafael, S. Polcher, Poudel, J., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Reed, T., Richards, J., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., Rossi, P., Golubenko, A. A., Salgado, C., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Scott, Marshall B. C., Seroka, E. M., Sharabian, Y. G., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Sparveris, N., Spreafico, M., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tan, J. A., Trotta, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Tommaso, V., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P, Wei, X., Williams, R., Wood, M. H., Xu, L., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Zhao, Z. W., and Zurek, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Measuring Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering on the neutron is one of the necessary steps to understand the structure of the nucleon in terms of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs). Neutron targets play a complementary role to transversely polarized proton targets in the determination of the GPD $E$. This poorly known and poorly constrained GPD is essential to obtain the contribution of the quarks' angular momentum to the spin of the nucleon. DVCS on the neutron was measured for the first time selecting the exclusive final state by detecting the neutron, using the Jefferson Lab longitudinally polarized electron beam, with energies up to 10.6 GeV, and the CLAS12 detector. The extracted beam-spin asymmetries, combined with DVCS observables measured on the proton, allow a clean quark-flavor separation of the imaginary parts of the GPDs $H$ and $E$., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2024

4. Home-based, computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation for attention in pediatric onset multiple sclerosis: a randomized, multicenter pilot study

Author: Masciulli, Camilla, Portaccio, E., Goretti, B., Niccolai, C., Simone, M., Viterbo, R. G., Zaffaroni, M., Pippolo, L., Cocco, E., Fenu, G., Carta, E., Falautano, M., Celico, C., Pardini, M., Mancardi, G. L., Guerrini, R., Melani, F., Giovannelli, F., Rocca, M., Iaffaldano, P., Tacchino, A., Zaratin, P., Filippi, M., and Amato, M. P.
Published: 2025
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5. Usefulness of the SARC-F questionnaire and the measurement of the hand grip strength in predicting short-term mortality in older patients hospitalized for acute heart failure

Author: Okoye, Chukwuma, Morelli, Virginia, Franchi, Riccardo, Mazzarone, Tessa, Guarino, Daniela, Maccioni, Lorenzo, Cargiolli, Cristina, Calsolaro, Valeria, Niccolai, Filippo, and Virdis, Agostino
Published: 2024
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6. Power and Rhetoric in the Ecclesiastical Correspondence of Constantine the Great by Andrew J. Pottenger (review)

Author: Niccolai, Lea
Published: 2024
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7. Host genetics and gut microbiota influence lipid metabolism and inflammation: potential implications for ALS pathophysiology in SOD1G93A mice

Author: Niccolai, Elena, Di Gloria, Leandro, Trolese, Maria Chiara, Fabbrizio, Paola, Baldi, Simone, Nannini, Giulia, Margotta, Cassandra, Nastasi, Claudia, Ramazzotti, Matteo, Bartolucci, Gianluca, Bendotti, Caterina, Nardo, Giovanni, and Amedei, Amedeo
Published: 2024
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8. Beam Charge Asymmetries for Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering on the Proton at CLAS12

Author: Voutier, E., Burkert, V., Niccolai, S., Paremuzyan, R., Afanasev, A., Alvarado-Galeano, J. -S., Atoui, M., Barion, L., Battaglieri, M., Bernauer, J., Bianconi, A., Bondi, M., Briscoe, W., Camsonne, A., Capobianco, R., Celentano, A., Chatagnon, P., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Cole, P., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., Defurne, M., Deur, A., De Vita, R., Diehl, S., Dupré, R., Elouadrhiri, L., Fernando, I., Filippi, A., Forest, T., Girod, F. -X., Gosta, G., Grames, J., Gueye, P., Habet, S., Hattawy, M., Higinbotham, D., Hobart, A., Hyde, C., Joo, K., Kim, A., Klimenko, V., Kubarovsky, V., Leali, M., Lenisa, P., Marchand, D., Marsicano, L., Mascagna, V., Matamoros, D., McCaughan, M., McKinnon, B., Migliorati, S., Mitra, H. S., Movsisyan, A., Muñoz-Camacho, C., Osipenko, M., Ouillon, M., Pappalardo, L., Pasquini, B., Pasyuk, E., Pilleux, N., Poelker, M., Raue, B., Ripani, M., Santos, R., Schmidt, A., Singh, R., Sokhan, D., Spreafico, M., Stoler, P., Strakovsky, I., Taiuti, M., Venturelli, L., Wang, P. -K., Wei, X., Zhao, Z., Collaboration, the CLAS, and Group, the Jefferson Lab Positron Working
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The parameterization of the nucleon structure through Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) shed a new light on the nucleon internal dynamics. For its direct interpretation, Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) is the golden channel for GPDs investigation. The DVCS process interferes with the Bethe-Heitler (BH) mechanism to constitute the leading order amplitude of the $eN \to eN\gamma$ process. The study of the $ep\gamma$ reaction with polarized positron and electron beams gives a complete set of unique observables to unravel the different contributions to the $ep \gamma$ cross section. This separates the different reaction amplitudes, providing a direct access to their real and imaginary parts which procures crucial constraints on the model dependences and associated systematic uncertainties on GPDs extraction. The real part of the BH-DVCS interference amplitude is particularly sensitive to the $D$-term which parameterizes the Gravitational Form Factors of the nucleon. The separation of the imaginary parts of the interference and DVCS amplitudes provides insights on possible higher-twist effects. We propose to measure the unpolarized and polarized Beam Charge Asymmetries (BCAs) of the $\vec{e}^{\pm}p \to e^{\pm}p \gamma$ process on an unpolarized hydrogen target with {\tt CLAS12}, using polarized positron and electron beams at 10.6 GeV. The azimuthal and $t$-dependences of the unpolarized and polarized BCAs will be measured over a large $(x_B,Q^2)$ phase space using a 100 day run with a luminosity of 0.66$\times 10^{35}$cm$^{-2}\cdot$s$^{-1}$., Comment: Proposal to the Jefferson Lab Program Advisory Committee (PAC51)
Published: 2023

9. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis stratification: unveiling patterns with virome, inflammation, and metabolism molecules

Author: Niccolai, Elena, Pedone, Matteo, Martinelli, Ilaria, Nannini, Giulia, Baldi, Simone, Simonini, Cecilia, Di Gloria, Leandro, Zucchi, Elisabetta, Ramazzotti, Matteo, Spezia, Pietro Giorgio, Maggi, Fabrizio, Quaranta, Gianluca, Masucci, Luca, Bartolucci, Gianluca, Stingo, Francesco Claudio, Mandrioli, Jessica, and Amedei, Amedeo
Published: 2024
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10. A Direct Measurement of Hard Two-Photon Exchange with Electrons and Positrons at CLAS12

Author: Schmidt, A., Briscoe, W. J., Cortes, O., Earnest, L., Grauvogel, G. N., Ratliff, S., Seroka, E. M., Sharp, P., Strakovsky, I. I., Niculescu, G., Diehl, S., Blunden, P. G., Cline, E., Korover, I., Kutz, T., Santiesteban, S. N., Fogler, C., Weinstein, L. B., Marchand, D., Niccolai, S., Voutier, E., D'Angelo, A., Bernauer, J. C., Singh, R., Burkert, V., Hauenstein, F., Higinbotham, D. W., Nguyen, D., Pasyuk, E., Szumila-Vance, H., Wei, X., and Keller, D.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: One of the most surprising discoveries made at Jefferson Lab has been the discrepancy in the determinations of the proton's form factor ratio $\mu_p G_E^p/G_M^p$ between unpolarized cross section measurements and the polarization transfer technique. Over two decades later, the discrepancy not only persists but has been confirmed at higher momentum transfers now accessible in the 12-GeV era. The leading hypothesis for the cause of this discrepancy, a non-negligible contribution from hard two-photon exchange, has neither been conclusively proven or disproven. This state of uncertainty not only clouds our knowledge of one-dimensional nucleon structure but also poses a major concern for our field's efforts to map out the three-dimensional nuclear structure. A better understanding of multi-photon exchange over a wide phase space is needed. We propose making comprehensive measurements of two-photon exchange over a wide range in momentum transfer and scattering angle using the CLAS12 detector. Specifically, we will measure the ratio of positron-proton to electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections, using the proposed positron beam upgrade for CEBAF. The experiment will use 2.2, 4.4, and 6.6 GeV lepton beams incident on the standard CLAS12 unpolarized hydrogen target. Data will be collected by the CLAS12 detector in its standard configuration, except for a modified trigger to allow the recording of events with beam leptons scattered into the CLAS12 central detector. The sign of the beam charge, as well as the polarity of the CLAS12 solenoid and toroid, will be reversed several times in order to suppress systematics associated with local detector efficiency and time-dependent detector performance. The proposed high-precision determination of two-photon effects will be..., Comment: Experimental Proposal E12+23-008 submitted to Jefferson Lab PAC 51, 34 pages, 18 figures
Published: 2023

11. Beam Spin Asymmetry Measurements of Deeply Virtual $\pi^0$ Production with CLAS12

Author: Kim, A., Diehl, S., Joo, K., Kubarovsky, V., Achenbach, P., Akbar, Z., Alvarado, J. S., Armstrong, Whitney R., Atac, H., Avakian, H., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Barion, L., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Benkel, B., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Bondi, M., Bossù, F., Boiarinov, S., Brinkmann, K. T., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, W. K., Bueltmann, S., Burkert, V. D., Capobianco, R., Carman, D. S., Carvajal, J. C., Celentano, A., Charles, G., Chatagnon, P., Chesnokov, V., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Clary, B., Clash, G., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., Crede, V., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., DeVita, R., Defurne, M., Deur, A., Dilks, C., Djalali, C., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Ehrhart, M., ElAlaoui, A., ElFassi, L., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Fogler, C., Gavalian, G., Gilfoyle, G. P., Gosta, G., Girod, F. X., Glazier, D. I., Golubenko, A. A., Gothe, R. W., Guo, L., Hafidi, K., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Hung, Yu-Chun, Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E., Jo, H. S., Johnston, R., Joosten, S., Khachatryan, M., Khanal, A., Kim, W., Klimenko, V., Kripko, A., Kuhn, S. E., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Kabir, M. L., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Li, X., MacGregor, I . J . D., Marchand, D., Mascagna, V., McKinnon, B., Matamoros, D., Migliorati, S., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Moran, P., MunozCamacho, C., Naidoo, P., Neupane, K., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Ouillon, M., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Pasyuk, E., Paul, S. J., Phelps, W., Pilleux, N., Pokhrel, M., Poudel, J., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Radic, A., Ramasubramanian, N., Reed, Trevor, Richards, J., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., Rossi, P., Sabatié, F., Salgado, C., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Sharabian, Y. G., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Sokhan, D., Sparveris, N., Spreafico, M., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tan, J., Trotta, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P., Wei, X., Wishart, R., Wood, M. H., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Ziegler, V., and Zurek, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The new experimental measurements of beam spin asymmetry were performed for the deeply virtual exclusive $\pi^0$ production in a wide kinematic region with the photon virtualities $Q^2$ up to 8 GeV$^2$ and the Bjorken scaling variable $x_B$ in the valence regime. The data were collected by the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS12) at Jefferson Lab with longitudinally polarized 10.6 GeV electrons scattered on an unpolarized liquid-hydrogen target. Sizable asymmetry values indicate a substantial contribution from transverse virtual photon amplitudes to the polarized structure functions.The interpretation of these measurements in terms of the Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) demonstrates their sensitivity to the chiral-odd GPD $\bar E_T$, which contains information on quark transverse spin densities in unpolarized and polarized nucleons and provides access to the proton's transverse anomalous magnetic moment. Additionally, the data were compared to a theoretical model based on a Regge formalism that was extended to the high photon virtualities., Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2210.14557
Published: 2023

12. Strong Interaction Physics at the Luminosity Frontier with 22 GeV Electrons at Jefferson Lab

Author: Accardi, A., Achenbach, P., Adhikari, D., Afanasev, A., Akondi, C. S., Akopov, N., Albaladejo, M., Albataineh, H., Albrecht, M., Almeida-Zamora, B., Amaryan, M., Androić, D., Armstrong, W., Armstrong, D. S., Arratia, M., Arrington, J., Asaturyan, A., Austregesilo, A., Avagyan, H., Averett, T., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bacchetta, A., Balantekin, A. B., Baltzell, N., Barion, L., Barry, P. C., Bashir, A., Battaglieri, M., Bellini, V., Belov, I., Benhar, O., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F, Bentz, W., Bertone, V., Bhatt, H., Bianconi, A., Bibrzycki, L., Bijker, R., Binosi, D., Biswas, D., Boër, M., Boeglin, W., Bogacz, S. A., Boglione, M., Bondí, M., Boos, E. E., Bosted, P., Bozzi, G., Brash, E. J., Briceño, R. A., Brindza, P. D., Briscoe, W. J., Brodsky, S. J, Brooks, W. K., Burkert, V. D., Camsonne, A., Cao, T., Cardman, L. S., Carman, D. S., Carpinelli, M, Cates, G. D., Caylor, J., Celentano, A., Celiberto, F. G., Cerutti, M., Chang, Lei, Chatagnon, P., Chen, C., Chen, J-P, Chetry, T., Christopher, A., Christy, E., Chudakov, E., Cisbani, E., Cloët, I. C., Cobos-Martinez, J. J., Cohen, E. O., Colangelo, P., Cole, P. L., Constantinou, M., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., Cosyn, W., Cotton, C., Courtoy, A., Dusa, S. Covrig, Crede, V., Cui, Z. -F., D'Angelo, A., Döring, M., Dalton, M. M., Danilkin, I., Davydov, M., Day, D., De Fazio, F., De Napoli, M., De Vita, R., Dean, D. J., Defurne, M., Deur, A., Devkota, B., Dhital, S., Di Nezza, P., Diefenthaler, M., Diehl, S., Dilks, C., Ding, M., Djalali, C., Dobbs, S., Dupré, R., Dutta, D., Edwards, R. G., Egiyan, H., Ehinger, L., Eichmann, G., Elaasar, M., Elouadrhiri, L., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Engelhardt, M., Ent, R., Ernst, D. J, Eugenio, P., Evans, G., Fanelli, C., Fegan, S., Fernández-Ramírez, C., Fernandez, L. A., Fernando, I. P., Filippi, A., Fischer, C. S., Fogler, C., Fomin, N., Frankfurt, L., Frederico, T., Freese, A., Fu, Y., Gamberg, L., Gan, L., Gao, F., Garcia-Tecocoatzi, H., Gaskell, D., Gasparian, A., Gates, K, Gavalian, G., Ghoshal, P. K., Giachino, A., Giacosa, F., Giannuzzi, F., Gilfoyle, G. -P., Girod, F-X, Glazier, D. I., Gleason, C., Godfrey, S., Goity, J. L., Golubenko, A. A., Gonzàlez-Solís, S., Gothe, R. W., Gotra, Y., Griffioen, K., Grocholski, O., Grube, B., Guèye, P., Guo, F. -K., Guo, Y., Guo, L., Hague, T. J., Hammoud, N., Hansen, J. -O., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., Hayward, T., Heddle, D., Heinrich, N., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Higuera-Angulo, I. M., Blin, A. N. Hiller, Hobart, A., Hobbs, T., Holmberg, D. E, Horn, T., Hoyer, P., Huber, G. M., Hurck, P., Hutauruk, P. T. P., Ilieva, Y., Illari, I., Ireland, D. G, Isupov, E. L., Italiano, A., Jaegle, I., Jarvis, N. S., Jenkins, DJ, Jeschonnek, S., Ji, C-R., Jo, H. S., Jones, M., Jones, R. T., Jones, D. C., Joo, K., Junaid, M., Kageya, T., Kalantarians, N., Karki, A., Karyan, G., Katramatou, A. T., Kay, S. J. D, Kazimi, R., Keith, C. D., Keppel, C., Kerbizi, A., Khachatryan, V., Khanal, A., Khandaker, M., Kim, A., Kinney, E. R., Kohl, M., Kotzinian, A., Kriesten, B. T., Kubarovsky, V., Kubis, B., Kuhn, S. E., Kumar, V., Kutz, T., Leali, M., Lebed, R. F., Lenisa, P., Leskovec, L., Li, S., Li, X., Liao, J., Lin, H. -W., Liu, L., Liuti, S., Liyanage, N., Lu, Y., MacGregor, I. J. D., Mack, D. J., Maiani, L, Mamo, K. A., Mandaglio, G., Mariani, C., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., Mascagna, V., Mathieu, V., Maxwell, J., Mazouz, M., McCaughan, M., McKeown, R. D., McKinnon, B., Meekins, D., Melnitchouk, W., Metz, A., Meyer, C. A., Meziani, Z. -E., Mezrag, C., Michaels, R., Miller, G. A., Mineeva, T., Miramontes, A. S., Mirazita, M., Mizutani, K., Mkrtchyan, H., Mkrtchyan, A., Moffit, B., Mohanmurthy, P., Mokeev, V. I., Monaghan, P., Montaña, G., Montgomery, R., Moretti, A., Chàvez, J. M. Morgado, Mosel, U., Movsisyan, A., Musico, P., Nadeeshani, S. A, Nadolsky, P. M., Nakamura, S. X., Nazeer, J., Nefediev, A. V., Neupane, K., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Niculescu, I., Niculescu, G., Nocera, E. R., Nycz, M., Olness, F. I., Ortega, P. G., Osipenko, M., Pace, E., Pandey, B, Pandey, P., Papandreou, Z., Papavassiliou, J., Pappalardo, L. L., Paredes-Torres, G., Paremuzyan, R., Park, S., Parsamyan, B., Paschke, K. D., Pasquini, B., Passemar, E., Pasyuk, E., Patel, T., Paudel, C., Paul, S. J., Peng, J-C., Pentchev, L., Perrino, R., Perry, R. J., Peters, K., Petratos, G. G., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pilloni, A., Pire, B., Pitonyak, D., Pitt, M. L., Polosa, A. D., Pospelov, M., Postuma, A. C., Poudel, J., Preet, L., Prelovsek, S., Price, J. W., Prokudin, A., Puckett, A. J. R., Pybus, J. R., Qin, S. -X., Qiu, J. -W., Radici, M., Rashidi, H., Rathnayake, A. D, Raue, B. A., Reed, T., Reimer, P. E., Reinhold, J., Richard, J. -M., Rinaldi, M., Ringer, F., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., West, J. Rittenhouse, Rivero-Acosta, A., Roberts, C. D., Rodas, A., Rodini, S., Rodríguez-Quintero, J., Rogers, T. C., Rojo, J., Rossi, P., Rossi, G. C., Salmè, G., Santiesteban, S. N., Santopinto, E., Sargsian, M., Sato, N., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, S. M, Schnell, G., Schumacher, R. A., Schweitzer, P., Scimemi, I., Scott, K. C, Seay, D. A, Segovia, J., Semenov-Tian-Shansky, K., Seryi, A., Sharda, A. S, Shepherd, M. R., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, S., Shrestha, U., Shvedunov, V. I., Signori, A., Slifer, K. J., Smith, W. A., Somov, A., Souder, P., Sparveris, N., Spizzo, F., Spreafico, M., Stepanyan, S., Stevens, J. R., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Strikman, M., Su, S., Sumner, B. C. L., Sun, E., Suresh, M., Sutera, C., Swanson, E. S., Szczepaniak, A. P, Sznajder, P., Szumila-Vance, H., Szymanowski, L., Tadepalli, A. -S., Tadevosyan, V., Tamang, B., Tarasov, V. V., Thiel, A., Tong, X. -B., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Urciuoli, G. M., Usman, A., Valcarce, A., Vallarino, S., Vaquera-Araujo, C. A., Venturelli, L., Vera, F., Vladimirov, A., Vossen, A., Wagner, J., Wei, X., Weinstein, L. B., Weiss, C., Williams, R., Winney, D., Wojtsekhowski, B., Wood, M. H., Xiao, T., Xu, S. -S., Ye, Z., Yero, C., Yuan, C. -P., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Z. W., Zhao, Y., Zheng, X., Zhou, X., Ziegler, V., Zihlmann, B., de Paula, W, and de Téramond, G. F.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: This document presents the initial scientific case for upgrading the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab (JLab) to 22 GeV. It is the result of a community effort, incorporating insights from a series of workshops conducted between March 2022 and April 2023. With a track record of over 25 years in delivering the world's most intense and precise multi-GeV electron beams, CEBAF's potential for a higher energy upgrade presents a unique opportunity for an innovative nuclear physics program, which seamlessly integrates a rich historical background with a promising future. The proposed physics program encompass a diverse range of investigations centered around the nonperturbative dynamics inherent in hadron structure and the exploration of strongly interacting systems. It builds upon the exceptional capabilities of CEBAF in high-luminosity operations, the availability of existing or planned Hall equipment, and recent advancements in accelerator technology. The proposed program cover various scientific topics, including Hadron Spectroscopy, Partonic Structure and Spin, Hadronization and Transverse Momentum, Spatial Structure, Mechanical Properties, Form Factors and Emergent Hadron Mass, Hadron-Quark Transition, and Nuclear Dynamics at Extreme Conditions, as well as QCD Confinement and Fundamental Symmetries. Each topic highlights the key measurements achievable at a 22 GeV CEBAF accelerator. Furthermore, this document outlines the significant physics outcomes and unique aspects of these programs that distinguish them from other existing or planned facilities. In summary, this document provides an exciting rationale for the energy upgrade of CEBAF to 22 GeV, outlining the transformative scientific potential that lies within reach, and the remarkable opportunities it offers for advancing our understanding of hadron physics and related fundamental phenomena., Comment: Updates to the list of authors; Preprint number changed from theory to experiment; Updates to sections 4 and 6, including additional figures
Published: 2023

13. Strong interaction physics at the luminosity frontier with 22 GeV electrons at Jefferson Lab

Author: Accardi, A., Achenbach, P., Adhikari, D., Afanasev, A., Akondi, C. S., Akopov, N., Albaladejo, M., Albataineh, H., Albrecht, M., Almeida-Zamora, B., Amaryan, M., Androić, D., Armstrong, W., Armstrong, D. S., Arratia, M., Arrington, J., Asaturyan, A., Austregesilo, A., Avakian, H., Averett, T., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bacchetta, A., Balantekin, A. B., Baltzell, N., Barion, L., Barry, P. C., Bashir, A., Battaglieri, M., Bellini, V., Belov, I., Benhar, O., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F., Bentz, W., Bertone, V., Bhatt, H., Bianconi, A., Bibrzycki, L., Bijker, R., Binosi, D., Biswas, D., Boër, M., Boeglin, W., Bogacz, S. A., Boglione, M., Bondí, M., Boos, E. E., Bosted, P., Bozzi, G., Brash, E. J., Briceño, R. A., Brindza, P. D., Briscoe, W. J., Brodsky, S. J., Brooks, W. K., Burkert, V. D., Camsonne, A., Cao, T., Cardman, L. S., Carman, D. S., Carpinelli, M., Cates, G. D., Caylor, J., Celentano, A., Celiberto, F. G., Cerutti, M., Chang, L., Chatagnon, P., Chen, C., Chen, J.-P., Chetry, T., Christopher, A., Christy, E., Chudakov, E., Cisbani, E., Cloët, I. C., Cobos-Martinez, J. J., Cohen, E. O., Colangelo, P., Cole, P. L., Constantinou, M., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., Cosyn, W., Cotton, C., Courtoy, A., Dusa, S. Covrig, Crede, V., Cui, Z.-F., D’Angelo, A., Döring, M., Dalton, M. M., Danilkin, I., Davydov, M., Day, D., De Fazio, F., De Napoli, M., De Vita, R., Dean, D. J., Defurne, M., de Paula, W., de Téramond, G. F., Deur, A., Devkota, B., Dhital, S., Di Nezza, P., Diefenthaler, M., Diehl, S., Dilks, C., Ding, M., Djalali, C., Dobbs, S., Dupré, R., Dutta, D., Edwards, R. G., Egiyan, H., Ehinger, L., Eichmann, G., Elaasar, M., Elouadrhiri, L., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Engelhardt, M., Ent, R., Ernst, D. J., Eugenio, P., Evans, G., Fanelli, C., Fegan, S., Fernández-Ramírez, C., Fernandez, L. A., Fernando, I. P., Filippi, A., Fischer, C. S., Fogler, C., Fomin, N., Frankfurt, L., Frederico, T., Freese, A., Fu, Y., Gamberg, L., Gan, L., Gao, F., Garcia-Tecocoatzi, H., Gaskell, D., Gasparian, A., Gates, K., Gavalian, G., Ghoshal, P. K., Giachino, A., Giacosa, F., Giannuzzi, F., Gilfoyle, G.-P., Girod, F.-X., Glazier, D. I., Gleason, C., Godfrey, S., Goity, J. L., Golubenko, A. A., Gonzàlez-Solís, S., Gothe, R. W., Gotra, Y., Griffioen, K., Grocholski, O., Grube, B., Guèye, P., Guo, F.-K., Guo, Y., Guo, L., Hague, T. J., Hammoud, N., Hansen, J.-O., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., Hayward, T., Heddle, D., Heinrich, N., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Higuera-Angulo, I. M., Hiller Blin, A. N., Hobart, A., Hobbs, T., Holmberg, D. E., Horn, T., Hoyer, P., Huber, G. M., Hurck, P., Hutauruk, P. T. P., Ilieva, Y., Illari, I., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Italiano, A., Jaegle, I., Jarvis, N. S., Jenkins, D. J., Jeschonnek, S., Ji, C.-R., Jo, H. S., Jones, M., Jones, R. T., Jones, D. C., Joo, K., Junaid, M., Kageya, T., Kalantarians, N., Karki, A., Karyan, G., Katramatou, A. T., Kay, S. J. D., Kazimi, R., Keith, C. D., Keppel, C., Kerbizi, A., Khachatryan, V., Khanal, A., Khandaker, M., Kim, A., Kinney, E. R., Kohl, M., Kotzinian, A., Kriesten, B. T., Kubarovsky, V., Kubis, B., Kuhn, S. E., Kumar, V., Kutz, T., Leali, M., Lebed, R. F., Lenisa, P., Leskovec, L., Li, S., Li, X., Liao, J., Lin, H.-W., Liu, L., Liuti, S., Liyanage, N., Lu, Y., MacGregor, I. J. D., Mack, D. J., Maiani, L., Mamo, K. A., Mandaglio, G., Mariani, C., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., Mascagna, V., Mathieu, V., Maxwell, J., Mazouz, M., McCaughan, M., McKeown, R. D., McKinnon, B., Meekins, D., Melnitchouk, W., Metz, A., Meyer, C. A., Meziani, Z.-E., Mezrag, C., Michaels, R., Miller, G. A., Mineeva, T., Miramontes, A. S., Mirazita, M., Mizutani, K., Mkrtchyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Moffit, B., Mohanmurthy, P., Mokeev, V. I., Monaghan, P., Montaña, G., Montgomery, R., Moretti, A., Chàvez, J. M. Morgado, Mosel, U., Movsisyan, A., Musico, P., Nadeeshani, S. A., Nadolsky, P. M., Nakamura, S. X., Nazeer, J., Nefediev, A. V., Neupane, K., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Niculescu, I., Niculescu, G., Nocera, E. R., Nycz, M., Olness, F. I., Ortega, P. G., Osipenko, M., Pace, E., Pandey, B., Pandey, P., Papandreou, Z., Papavassiliou, J., Pappalardo, L. L., Paredes-Torres, G., Paremuzyan, R., Park, S., Parsamyan, B., Paschke, K. D., Pasquini, B., Passemar, E., Pasyuk, E., Patel, T., Paudel, C., Paul, S. J., Peng, J.-C., Pentchev, L., Perrino, R., Perry, R. J., Peters, K., Petratos, G. G., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pilloni, A., Pire, B., Pitonyak, D., Pitt, M. L., Polosa, A. D., Pospelov, M., Postuma, A. C., Poudel, J., Preet, L., Prelovsek, S., Price, J. W., Prokudin, A., Puckett, A. J. R., Pybus, J. R., Qin, S.-X., Qiu, J.-W., Radici, M., Rashidi, H., Rathnayake, A. D., Raue, B. A., Reed, T., Reimer, P. E., Reinhold, J., Richard, J.-M., Rinaldi, M., Ringer, F., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., West, J. Rittenhouse, Rivero-Acosta, A., Roberts, C. D., Rodas, A., Rodini, S., Rodríguez-Quintero, J., Rogers, T. C., Rojo, J., Rossi, P., Rossi, G. C., Salmè, G., Santiesteban, S. N., Santopinto, E., Sargsian, M., Sato, N., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, S. M., Schnell, G., Schumacher, R. A., Schweitzer, P., Scimemi, I., Scott, K. C., Seay, D. A., Segovia, J., Semenov-Tian-Shansky, K., Seryi, A., Sharda, A. S., Shepherd, M. R., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, S., Shrestha, U., Shvedunov, V. I., Signori, A., Slifer, K. J., Smith, W. A., Somov, A., Souder, P., Sparveris, N., Spizzo, F., Spreafico, M., Stepanyan, S., Stevens, J. R., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Strikman, M., Su, S., Sumner, B. C. L., Sun, E., Suresh, M., Sutera, C., Swanson, E. S., Szczepaniak, A. P., Sznajder, P., Szumila-Vance, H., Szymanowski, L., Tadepalli, A.-S., Tadevosyan, V., Tamang, B., Tarasov, V. V., Thiel, A., Tong, X.-B., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Urciuoli, G. M., Usman, A., Valcarce, A., Vallarino, S., Vaquera-Araujo, C. A., Venturelli, L., Vera, F., Vladimirov, A., Vossen, A., Wagner, J., Wei, X., Weinstein, L. B., Weiss, C., Williams, R., Winney, D., Wojtsekhowski, B., Wood, M. H., Xiao, T., Xu, S.-S., Ye, Z., Yero, C., Yuan, C.-P., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Z. W., Zheng, X., Zhou, X., Ziegler, V., and Zihlmann, B.
Published: 2024
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14. First measurement of hard exclusive $\pi^- \Delta^{++}$ electroproduction beam-spin asymmetries off the proton

Author: Diehl, S., Trotta, N., Joo, K., Achenbach, P., Akbar, Z., Armstrong, W. R., Atac, H., Avakian, H., Baashen, L., Baltzell, N. A., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Bossu, F., Brinkmann, K. -T., Briscoe, W. J., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V., Capobianco, R., Carman, D. S., Carvajal, J. C., Celentano, A., Charles, G., Chatagnon, P., Chesnokov, V., Ciullo, G., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., Crede, V., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Deur, A., Djalali, C., Dupre, R., Ehrhart, M., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Elouadrhiri, L., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Gavalian, G., Glazier, D. I., Golubenko, A. A., Gosta, G., Gothe, R. W., Gotra, Y., Griffioen, K., Hafidi, K., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Illari, I., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jo, H. S., Johnston, R., Keller, D., Khachatryan, M., Khanal, A., Kim, A., Kim, W., Klimenko, V., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Kuhn, S. E., Lagerquist, V., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Li, X., MacGregor, I . J . D., Marchand, D., Mascagna, V., Matousek, G., McKinnon, B., McLauchlin, C., Meziani, Z. E., Migliorati, S., Milner, R. G., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Moran, P., Camacho, C. Munoz, Naidoo, P., Neupane, K., Niccolai, S., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Paul, S. J., Phelps, W., Pilleux, N., Pokhrel, M., Poudel, J., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Radic, A., Raue, B. A., Reed, T., Richards, J., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., Rossi, P., Sabatie, F., Salgado, C., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Sharabian, Y. G., Shrestha, U., Sokhan, D., Sparveris, N., Spreafico, M., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I., Strauch, S., Turisini, M., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P., Wei, X., Williams, R., Wishart, R., Wood, M. H., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zhao, Z. W., and Zurek, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The polarized cross section ratio $\sigma_{LT'}/\sigma_{0}$ from hard exclusive $\pi^{-} \Delta^{++}$ electroproduction off an unpolarized hydrogen target has been extracted based on beam-spin asymmetry measurements using a 10.2 GeV / 10.6 GeV incident electron beam and the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab. The study, which provides the first observation of this channel in the deep-inelastic regime, focuses on very forward-pion kinematics in the valence regime, and photon virtualities ranging from 1.5 GeV$^{2}$ up to 7 GeV$^{2}$. The reaction provides a novel access to the $d$-quark content of the nucleon and to $p \rightarrow \Delta^{++}$ transition generalized parton distributions. A comparison to existing results for hard exclusive $\pi^{+} n$ and $\pi^{0} p$ electroproduction is provided, which shows a clear impact of the excitation mechanism, encoded in transition generalized parton distributions, on the asymmetry.
Published: 2023
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15. Stochastic Covariant Derivatives in a (Curved) Space-Time: a Glimpse into the Fractoid Spaces

Author: Niccolai, Edoardo
Subjects: Mathematics - Probability, Mathematics - Differential Geometry
Abstract: A study on the notion of covariant derivatives in flat and curved space-time via It\^o-Wiener processes, when subjected to stochastic processes, is presented. Going into details, there is an analysis of the following topics: (i) Besov space, (ii) Schr\"odinger operators, (iii) Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations, (iv) Dirac operator via Clifford connection, (v) semi-martingale and Stratonovich integral, (vi) stochastic geodesics, (vii) white noise on a (4+)D space-time $\mathfrak{H}$-geometry (with the Paley-Wiener integral), and (viii) torsion of the covariant derivative. In the background stands the scale relativity theory, together with a sketch of the concept of fractoid spaces., Comment: Minor corrections and additions
Published: 2023

16. 'Gli alberi' e Lu Xun, «una nuova razionalità». Per il commento di 'Questo muro' di Franco Fortini [pp. 130-149]

Author: Elena Niccolai
Subjects: Franco Fortini, Questo muro, Letteratura italiana contemporanea, Gli alberi, Lu Xun, French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature, PQ1-3999
Abstract: A ridosso della pubblicazione di Questo muro, con una missiva datata al 7 giugno del 1973, Italo Calvino commenta la raccolta fortiniana a partire dall’impiego sghembo delle «immagini naturali e alto-liriche» rispetto ai contesti letterari tradizionali. In linea con l’indagine del significato delle figurae vegetali secondo le note di lettura di Calvino, si offre uno specimen di commento di una lirica di Questo muro che, inaugurando la seconda parte dell’ultima sezione della raccolta, Di maniera e dal vero tematizza i rapporti tra storia e natura tramite un titolo significativamente denotativo: Gli alberi.
Published: 2024
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17. We Won't Be Able to Find Jobs Here: How Growing up in Rural America Shapes Decisions about Work

Author: Ashley R. Niccolai, Sarah Damaske, and Jason Park
Abstract: Using data from sixty-eight interviews conducted with men and women raised in rural counties in Pennsylvania, we ask how growing up in rural settings shapes people's aspirations regarding work over three periods. We find that participants' early aspirations during their late teens were shaped by rurality, gender, and class. During the transition to adulthood and again during an unemployment period, searching for work in rural areas with a shrinking economic base, participants adjusted their early aspirations. These adjustments were shaped by their attachment to rural locations, their gender, and class and exacerbated existing structural inequalities in their local labor markets.
Published: 2022

18. Searching for Prompt and Long-Lived Dark Photons in Electro-Produced $e^+e^-$ Pairs with the Heavy Photon Search Experiment at JLab

Author: Adrian, P. H., Baltzell, N. A., Battaglieri, M., Bondi, M., Boyarinov, S., Bravo, C., Bueltmann, S., Butti, P., Burkert, V. D., Calvo, D., Cao, T., Carpinelli, M., Celentano, A., Charles, G., Colaneri, L., Cooper, W., Cuevas, C., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Napoli, M., De Vita, R., Deur, A., Diamond, M., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Elouadrhiri, L., Essig, R., Fadeyev, V., Field, C., Filippi, A., Freyberger, A., Garcon, M., Gevorgyan, N., Girod, F. X., Graf, N., Graham, M., Griffioen, K. A., Grillo, A., Guidal, M., Herbst, R., Holtrop, M., Jaros, J., Johnson, R. P., Kalicy, G., Khandaker, M., Kubarovsky, V., Leonora, E., Livingston, K., Marsicano, L., Maruyama, T., McCarty, S., McCormick, J., McKinnon, B., Moffeit, K., Moreno, O., Camacho, C. Munoz, Nelson, T., Niccolai, S., Odian, A., Oriunno, M., Osipenko, M., Paremuzyan, R., Paul, S., Randazzo, N., Raydo, B., Reese, B., Rizzo, A., Schuster, P., Sharabian, Y. G., Simi, G., Simonyan, A., Sipala, V., Spellman, A., Sokhan, D., Solt, M., Stepanyan, S., Szumila-Vance, H., Toro, N., Uemura, S., Ungaro, M., Voskanyan, H., Weinstein, L. B., Wojtsekhowski, B., and Yale, B.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Heavy Photon Search experiment (HPS) at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility searches for electro-produced dark photons. We report results from the 2016 Engineering Run consisting of 10608/nb of data for both the prompt and displaced vertex searches. A search for a prompt resonance in the $e^+e^-$ invariant mass distribution between 39 and 179 MeV showed no evidence of dark photons above the large QED background, limiting the coupling of {\epsilon}^2 {\geq} 10^-5, in agreement with previous searches. The search for displaced vertices showed no evidence of excess signal over background in the masses between 60 and 150 MeV, but had insufficient luminosity to limit canonical heavy photon production. This is the first displaced vertex search result published by HPS. HPS has taken high-luminosity data runs in 2019 and 2021 that will explore new dark photon phase space., Comment: 28 pages, 46 figures
Published: 2022
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19. Bounded Mean Oscillation: an $\mathbb{R}$-Function with Multi-$\mathbb{K}_6$ Cubes. Dual of the Hardy Space $H^1$ and Banach Extent

Author: Niccolai, Edoardo
Subjects: Mathematics - Functional Analysis
Abstract: This paper investigates the concept of harmonic functions of bounded mean oscillation, starting from John-Nirenberg's pioneering studies, under a renewed formalism, suitable for bringing out some fundamental properties inherent in it. In more detail: after a quick introduction, the second Section presents the main theorem, plus complete proof, relating to this function; in the third Section there is a suggestion on the exponential integrability (theorem and sketch of proof), while the fourth Section deals with the duality of Hardy Space $H^1$ and bounded mean oscillation, with some ideas for a demonstration. The writing closes with a graphic appendix., Comment: Small fixes and keywords
Published: 2022

20. First CLAS12 measurement of DVCS beam-spin asymmetries in the extended valence region

Author: CLAS Collaboration, Christiaens, G., Defurne, M., Sokhan, D., Achenbach, P., Akbar, Z., Amaryan, M. J., Atac, H., Avakian, H., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Baashen, L., Baltzell, N. A., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Bondi, M., Booth, W. A., Bossù, F., Boiarinov, S., Brinkmann, K. -Th., Briscoe, W. J., Bueltmann, S., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V. D., Cao, T., Carman, D. S., Carvajal, J. C., Celentano, A., Chatagnon, P., Chesnokov, V., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Clash, G., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Dilks, C., Djalali, C., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Ehrhart, M., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Elouadrhiri, L., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Gates, K., Gavalian, G., Ghandilyan, Y., Gilfoyle, G. P., Girod, F. X., Glazier, D. I., Golubenko, A. A., Gosta, G., Gothe, R. W., Gotra, Y., Griffioen, K. A., Guidal, M., Hafidi, K., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Hobart, A., Holmberg, D. E., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jo, H. S., Kabir, M. L., Keller, D., Khachatryan, M., Khanal, A., Kim, W., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Kuhn, S. E., Lagerquist, V., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Li, X., Livingston, K., MacGregor, I . J . D., Marchand, D., Mascagna, V., Matousek, G., McKinnon, B., McLauchlin, C., Meziani, Z. E., Migliorati, S., Milner, R. G., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Molina, E., Camacho, C. Munoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Naidoo, P., Neupane, K., Niccolai, S., Nicol, M., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Ouillon, M., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Pasyuk, E., Paul, S. J., Phelps, W., Pilleux, N., Pokhrel, M., Poudel, J., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Radic, A., Ramasubramanian, N., Raue, B. A., Reed, T., Richards, J., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., Rossi, P., Sabatié, F., Salgado, C., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Scott, M. B. C., Sharabian, Y. G., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Simmerling, P., Sparveris, N., Spreafico, M., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tan, J. A., Trotta, N., Turisini, M., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P., Wei, X., Williams, R., Wishart, R., Wood, M. H., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Zhao, Z. W., Ziegler, V., and Zurek, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) allows one to probe Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) describing the 3D structure of the nucleon. We report the first measurement of the DVCS beam-spin asymmetry using the CLAS12 spectrometer with a 10.2 and 10.6 GeV electron beam scattering from unpolarised protons. The results greatly extend the $Q^2$ and Bjorken-$x$ phase space beyond the existing data in the valence region and provide over 2000 new data points measured with unprecedented statistical uncertainty, setting new, tight constraints for future phenomenological studies., Comment: Revised Figure 4 and discussion around the number of effective ANNs after Bayesian reweighting
Published: 2022

21. A multidimensional study of the structure function ratio $\sigma_{LT'}/\sigma_{0}$ from hard exclusive $\pi^+$ electro-production off protons in the GPD regime

Author: Diehl, S., Kim, A., Joo, K., Achenbach, P., Akbar, Z., Amaryan, M. J., Atac, H., Avagyan, H., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Baashen, L., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Bondi, M., Booth, W. A., Bossu, F., Boiarinov, S., Brinkmann, K. -Th., Briscoe, W. J., Bueltmann, S., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V. D., Carman, D. S., Celentano, A., Chatagnon, P., Chesnokov, V., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Clash, G., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Deur, A., Djalali, C., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Ehrhart, M., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Elouadrhiri, L., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Gavalian, G., Ghandilyan, Y., Gilfoyle, G. P., Glazier, D. I., Golubenko, A. A., Gosta, G., Gothe, R. W., Gotra, Y., Grifoen, K. A., Guidal, M., Hafdi, K., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jo, H. S., Khachatryan, M., Khanal, A., Kim, W., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Lagerquist, V., Laget, J. -M., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Li, X., Livingston, K., MacGregor, I . J. D., Marchand, D., Mascagna, V., McKinnon, B., Meziani, Z. E., Migliorati, S., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Molina, Esteban, Montgomery, R. A., Camacho, C. Munoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Naidoo, P., Neupane, K., Niccolai, S., Nicol, M., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Ouillon, M., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Pasyuk, E., Paul, S. J., Phelps, W., Pilleux, N., Pokhrel, M., Poudel, J., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Reed, Trevor, Richards, J., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., Rossi, P., Sabatie, F., Salgado, C., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Sharabian, Y., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Simmerling, P., Sokhan, D., Sparveris, N., Spreafco, M., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tan, J. A., Trotta, N., Turisini, M., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P., Wei, X., Williams, R., Wishart, R., Wood, M. H., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Zhao, Z. W., and Zurek, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A multidimensional extraction of the structure function ratio $\sigma_{LT'}/\sigma_{0}$ from the hard exclusive $\vec{e} p \to e^\prime n \pi^+$ reaction above the resonance region has been performed. The study was done based on beam-spin asymmetry measurements using a 10.6 GeV incident electron beam on a liquid-hydrogen target and the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab. The measurements focus on the very forward regime ($t/Q^{2}$ $\ll$ 1) with a wide kinematic range of $x_{B}$ in the valence regime (0.17 $<$ $x_{B}$ $<$ 0.55), and virtualities $Q^{2}$ ranging from 1.5 GeV$^{2}$ up to 6 GeV$^{2}$. The results and their comparison to theoretical models based on Generalized Parton Distributions demonstrate the sensitivity to chiral-odd GPDs and the directly related tensor charge of the nucleon. In addition, the data is compared to an extension of a Regge formalism at high photon virtualities. It was found that the Regge model provides a better description at low $Q^{2}$, while the GPD model is more appropriate at high $Q^{2}$., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2007.15677
Published: 2022
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22. First Measurement of $\Lambda$ Electroproduction off Nuclei in the Current and Target Fragmentation Regions

Author: Chetry, T., Fassi, L. El, Brooks, W. K., Dupré, R., Alaoui, A. El, Hafidi, K., Achenbach, P., Adhikari, K. P., Akbar, Z., Armstrong, W. R., Arratia, M., Atac, H., Avakian, H., Baashen, L., Baltzell, N. A., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Bondi, M., Booth, W. A., Bossù, F., Boiarinov, S., Brinkmann, K. -Th., Briscoe, W. J., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V. D., Carman, D. S., Carvajal, J. C., Celentano, A., Chatagnon, P., Chesnokov, V., Ciullo, G., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Djalali, C., Egiyan, H., Elouadrhiri, L., Eugenio, P., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Gavalian, G., Ghandilyan, Y., Gilfoyle, G. P., Glazier, D. I., Golubenko, A. A., Gosta, G., Gothe, R. W., Griffioen, K. A., Guidal, M., Guo, L., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jenkins, D., Jo, H. S., Kabir, M. L., Khanal, A., Khandaker, M., Kim, A., Kim, W., Klein, F. J., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Lagerquist, V., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Li, X., Livingston, K., MacGregor, I. J. D., Marchand, D., Mascagna, V., McKinnon, B., McLauchlin, C., Meziani, Z. E., Migliorati, S., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Camacho, C. Munoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Neupane, K., Niccolai, S., Nicol, M., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Ostrovidov, A. I., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Pasyuk, E., Paul, S. J., Phelps, W., Pilleux, N., Pokhrel, M., Poudel, J., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Raue, B. A., Reed, T., Richards, J., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., Rosner, G., Sabatié, F., Salgado, C., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Schumacher, R. A., Sharabian, Y. G., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Simmerling, P., Sokhan, D., Sparveris, N., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tan, J. A., Trotta, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Wei, X., Weinstein, L. B., Williams, R., Wishart, R., Wood, M. H., Zachariou, N., Zhao, Z. W., and Zurek, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report results of $\Lambda$ hyperon production in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering off deuterium, carbon, iron, and lead targets obtained with the CLAS detector and the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility 5.014~GeV electron beam. These results represent the first measurements of the $\Lambda$ multiplicity ratio and transverse momentum broadening as a function of the energy fraction~($z$) in the current and target fragmentation regions. The multiplicity ratio exhibits a strong suppression at high~$z$~and~an enhancement at~low~$z$. The measured transverse momentum broadening is an order of magnitude greater than that seen for light mesons. This indicates that the propagating entity interacts very strongly with the nuclear medium, which suggests that propagation of diquark configurations in the nuclear medium takes place at least part of the time, even at high~$z$. The trends of these results are qualitatively described by the Giessen Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model, particularly for the multiplicity ratios. These observations will potentially open a new era of studies of the structure of the nucleon as well as of strange baryons., Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2022
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23. ATHENA Detector Proposal -- A Totally Hermetic Electron Nucleus Apparatus proposed for IP6 at the Electron-Ion Collider

Author: ATHENA Collaboration, Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Agrawal, N., Aidala, C., Akers, W., Alekseev, M., Allen, M. M., Ameli, F., Angerami, A., Antonioli, P., Apadula, N. J., Aprahamian, A., Armstrong, W., Arratia, M., Arrington, J. R., Asaturyan, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Augsten, K., Aune, S., Bailey, K., Baldanza, C., Bansal, M., Barbosa, F., Barion, L., Barish, K., Battaglieri, M., Bazilevsky, A., Behera, N. K., Berdnikov, V., Bernauer, J., Berriaud, C., Bhasin, A., Bhattacharya, D. S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bissolotti, C., Boeglin, W., Bondì, M., Borri, M., Bossu, F., Bouyjou, F., Brandenburg, J. D., Bressan, A., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S. L., Byer, D., Caines, H., Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca, Calvelli, V., Camsonne, A., Cappelli, L., Capua, M., Castro, M., Cavazza, D., Cebra, D., Celentano, A., Chakaberia, I., Chan, B., Chang, W., Chartier, M., Chatterjee, C., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, K., Chen, Z., Chetri, H., Chiarusi, T., Chiosso, M., Chu, X., Chwastowski, J. J., Cicala, G., Cisbani, E., Cline, E., Cloet, I., Colella, D., Contalbrigo, M., Contin, G., Corliss, R., Corrales-Morales, Y., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Cruz-Torres, R., D'Ago, D., D'Angelo, A., D'Hose, N., Dainton, J., Torre, S. Dalla, Dasgupta, S. S., Dash, S., Dashyan, N., Datta, J., Daugherity, M., De Vita, R., Deconinck, W., Defurne, M., Dehmelt, K., Del Dotto, A., Delcarro, F., Dellacasa, G., Demiroglu, Z. S., Deptuch, G. W., Desai, V., Deshpande, A., Devereaux, K., Dhillon, R., Di Salvo, R., Dilks, C., Dixit, D., Dobbs, S., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J., Drees, A., Dupre, R., Durham, M., Dzhygadlo, R., Fassi, L. El, Elia, D., Epple, E., Esha, R., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Falchieri, D., Fan, W., Fantini, A., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Fox, H., Francisco, A., Freeze, A., Furletov, S., Furletova, Y., Gal, C., Gardner, S., Garg, P., Gaskell, D., Gates, K., Gericke, M. T. W., Geurts, F., Ghosh, C., Giacalone, M., Giacomini, F., Gilchrist, S., Glazier, D., Gnanvo, K., Gonella, L., Greiner, L. C., Guerrini, N., Guo, L., Gupta, A., Gupta, R., Guryn, W., He, X., Hemmick, T., Heppelmann, S., Higinbotham, D., Hoballah, M., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hohlmann, M., Horn, T., Hornidge, D., Huang, H. Z., Hyde, C. E., Iapozzuto, P., Idzik, M., Jacak, B. V., Jadhav, M., Jain, S., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Ji, Z., Jia, J., Jones, P. G., Jones, R. W. I., Joosten, S., Joshi, S., Kabir, L., Kalicy, G., Karyan, G., Kashyap, V. K. S., Kawall, D., Ke, H., Kelsey, M., Kim, J., Kiryluk, J., Kiselev, A., Klein, S. R., Klest, H., Kochar, V., Korsch, W., Kosarzewski, L., Kotzinian, A., Krizek, F., Kumar, A., Kumar, K. S., Kumar, L., Kumar, R., Kumar, S., Kunnath, A., Kushawaha, N., Lacey, R., Lai, Y. S., Lalwani, K., Landgraf, J., Lanza, L., Lattuada, D., Lavinsky, M., Lee, J. H., Lee, S. H., Lemmon, R., Lestone, A., Lewis, N., Li, H., Li, S., Li, W., Li, X., Liang, X., Ligonzo, T., Lin, T., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liu, M., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Ljubicic, T., Long, O., Lukow, N., Ma, Y., Mammei, J., Mammoliti, F., Mamo, K., Mandjavidze, I., Maple, S., Marchand, D., Margotti, A., Markert, C., Markowitz, P., Marshall, T., Martin, A., Marukyan, H., Mastroserio, A., Mathew, S., Mayilyan, S., Mayri, C., McEneaney, M., Mei, Y., Meng, L., Meot, F., Metcalfe, J., Meziani, Z. -E., Mihir, P., Milton, R., Mirabella, A., Mirazita, M., Mkrtchyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M., Morreale, A., Movsisyan, A., Muenstermann, D., Mukherjee, A., Camacho, C. Munoz, Murray, M. J., Mustafa, H., Myska, M., Nachman, B. P., Nagai, K., Naik, R., Naim, J. P., Nam, J., Nandi, B., Nappi, E., Nasim, Md., Neff, D., Neiret, D., Newman, P. R., Nguyen, M., Niccolai, S., Nie, M., Noferini, F., Norman, J., Noto, F., Nunes, A. S., O'Connor, T., Odyniec, G., Okorokov, V. A., Osipenko, M., Page, B., Palatchi, C., Palmer, D., Palni, P., Pandey, S., Panzieri, D., Park, S., Paschke, K., Pastore, C., Patra, R. N., Paul, A., Paul, S., Pecar, C., Peck, A., Pegg, I., Pellegrino, C., Peng, C., Pentchev, L., Perrino, R., Piotrzkowski, K., Polakovic, T., Ploskon, M., Posik, M., Prasad, S., Preghenella, R., Priens, S., Prifti, E., Przybycien, M., Pujahari, P., Quintero, A., Radici, M., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rahman, S., Rathi, S., Raue, B., Reed, R., Reimer, P., Reinhold, J., Renner, E., Rignanese, L., Ripani, M., Rizzo, A., Romanov, D., Roy, A., Rubini, N., Ruspa, M., Ruan, L., Sabatie, F., Sadhukhan, S., Sahoo, N., Sahu, P., Samuel, D., Sarkar, A., Sarsour, M., Schmidke, W., Schmookler, B., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Scott, M., Sedgwick, I., Segreti, M., Sekula, S., Seto, R., Shah, N., Shahinyan, A., Sharma, D., Sharma, N., Sichtermann, E. P., Signori, A., Singh, A., Singh, B. K., Singh, S. N., Smirnov, N., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Spinali, S., Stacchi, F., Staszewski, R., Stepanov, P., Strazzi, S., Stroe, I. R., Sun, X., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z., Symons, T. J., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, A., Tassi, E., Teodorescu, L., Tessarotto, F., Thomas, D., Thomas, J. H., Toll, T., Tomasek, L., Torales-Acosta, F., Tribedy, P., Triloki, Tripathi, V., Trotta, R., Trzebiński, M., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O., Tu, Z., Turrisi, R., Tuve, C., Ullrich, T., Urciuoli, G. M., Valentini, A., Vallarino, S., Vandenbroucke, M., Vanek, J., Vino, G., Volpe, G., Voskanyan, H., Vossen, A., Voutier, E., Wang, G., Wang, Y., Watts, D., Wickramaarachchi, N., Wilson, F., Wong, C. -P., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xie, J., Xu, Q. -H., Xu, Z., Xu, Z. W., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yin, Z., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Y. X., Zhao, Z., Zheng, L., and Zurek, M.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: ATHENA has been designed as a general purpose detector capable of delivering the full scientific scope of the Electron-Ion Collider. Careful technology choices provide fine tracking and momentum resolution, high performance electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry, hadron identification over a wide kinematic range, and near-complete hermeticity. This article describes the detector design and its expected performance in the most relevant physics channels. It includes an evaluation of detector technology choices, the technical challenges to realizing the detector and the R&D required to meet those challenges.
Published: 2022

24. Design of the ECCE Detector for the Electron Ion Collider

Author: Adkins, J. K., Akiba, Y., Albataineh, A., Amaryan, M., Arsene, I. C., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bae, J., Bai, X., Baker, M. D., Bashkanov, M., Bellwied, R., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V., Bernauer, J. C., Bock, F., Boeglin, W., Borysova, M., Brash, E., Brindza, P., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Bylinkin, A., Capobianco, R., Chang, W. -C., Cheon, Y., Chen, K., Chen, K. -F., Cheng, K. -Y., Chiu, M., Chujo, T., Citron, Z., Cline, E., Cohen, E., Conroy, E., Cormier, T., Morales, Y. Corrales, Cotton, C., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Creekmore, S., Cuevas, C., Cunningham, J., David, G., Dean, C. T., Demarteau, M., Diehl, S., Doshita, N., Dupré, R., Durham, J. M., Dzhygadlo, R., Ehlers, R., Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Ent, R., Fanelli, C., Fatemi, R., Fegan, S., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Frantz, J., Friedman, M., Friscic, I., Gangadharan, D., Gardner, S., Gates, K., Geurts, F., Gilman, R., Glazier, D., Glimos, E., Goto, Y., Grau, N., Greene, S. V., Guo, A. Q., Guo, L., Gwenian, C., Ha, S. K., Haggerty, J., Hayward, T., He, X., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Hoballah, M., Horn, T., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hsu, P. -h. J., Huang, J., Huber, G., Hutson, A., Hwang, K. Y., Hyde, C. E., Inaba, M., Iwata, T., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kawade, K., Kay, S. J. D., Kim, A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, M., Kim, Y., Kistenev, E., Klimenko, V., Ko, S. H., Korover, I., Korsch, W., Krintiras, G., Kuhn, S., Kuo, C. -M., Kutz, T., Lajoie, J., Lawrence, D., Lebedev, S., Lee, H., Lee, J. S. H., Lee, S. W., Lee, Y. -J., Li, W., Li, X., Liang, Y. T., Lim, S., Lin, C. -H., Lin, D. X., Liu, K., Liu, M. X., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Llope, W. J., Loizides, C., Long, E., Lu, R. -S., Lu, Z., Lynch, W., Marchand, D., Marcisovsky, M., Markert, C., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., McGaughey, P., Mihovilovic, M., Milner, R. G., Milov, A., Miyachi, Y., Mkrtchyan, A., Monaghan, P., Montgomery, R., Morrison, D., Movsisyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Camacho, C. Munoz, Murray, M., Nagai, K., Nagle, J., Nakagawa, I., Nattrass, C., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Nouicer, R., Nukazuka, G., Nycz, M., Okorokov, V. A., Orešić, S., Osborn, J. D., O'Shaughnessy, C., Paganis, S., Papandreou, Z, Pate, S. F., Patel, M., Paus, C., Penman, G., Perdekamp, M. G., Perepelitsa, D. V., da Costa, H. Periera, Peters, K., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pinkenburg, C., Prochazka, I., Protzman, T., Purschke, M. L., Putschke, J., Pybus, J. R., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Rasson, J., Raue, B., Read, K., Røed, K., Reed, R., Reinhold, J., Renner, E. L., Richards, J., Riedl, C., Rinn, T., Roche, J., Roland, G. M., Ron, G., Rosati, M., Royon, C., Ryu, J., Salur, S., Santiesteban, N., Santos, R., Sarsour, M., Schambach, J., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, N., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Seidl, R., Sickles, A., Simmerling, P., Sirca, S., Sharma, D., Shi, Z., Shibata, T. -A., Shih, C. -W., Shimizu, S., Shrestha, U., Slifer, K., Smith, K., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Song, J., Strakovsky, I. I., Steinberg, P., Stepanov, P., Stevens, J., Strube, J., Sun, P., Sun, X., Suresh, K., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, W. -C., Araya, S. Tapia, Tarafdar, S., Teodorescu, L., Thomas, D., Timmins, A., Tomasek, L., Trotta, N., Trotta, R., Tveter, T. S., Umaka, E., Usman, A., van Hecke, H. W., Van Hulse, C., Velkovska, J., Voutier, E., Wang, P. K., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Watts, D. P., Wickramaarachchi, N., Weinstein, L., Williams, M., Wong, C. -P., Wood, L., Wood, M. H., Woody, C., Wyslouch, B., Xiao, Z., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yoo, H. D., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zajc, W. A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y. X., Zheng, X., and Zhuang, P.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment (ECCE) detector has been designed to address the full scope of the proposed Electron Ion Collider (EIC) physics program as presented by the National Academy of Science and provide a deeper understanding of the quark-gluon structure of matter. To accomplish this, the ECCE detector offers nearly acceptance and energy coverage along with excellent tracking and particle identification. The ECCE detector was designed to be built within the budget envelope set out by the EIC project while simultaneously managing cost and schedule risks. This detector concept has been selected to be the basis for the EIC project detector., Comment: 34 pages, 30 figures, 9 tables
Published: 2022

25. CORE -- a COmpact detectoR for the EIC

Author: CORE Collaboration, Alarcon, R., Baker, M., Baturin, V., Brindza, P., Bueltmann, S., Bukhari, M., Capobianco, R., Christy, E., Diehl, S., Dugger, M., Dupré, R., Dzhygadlo, R., Flood, K., Gnanvo, K., Guo, L., Hayward, T., Hattawy, M., Hoballah, M., Hohlmann, M., Hyde, C. E., Ilieva, Y., Jacobs, W. W., Joo, K., Kalicy, G., Kim, A., Kubarovsky, V., Lehmann, A., Li, W., Marchand, D., Marukyan, H., Murray, M. J., Montgomery, H. E., Morozov, V., Mostafanezhad, I., Movsisyan, A., Munevar, E., Camacho, C. Muñoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Niccolai, S., Peters, K., Prokudin, A., Richards, J., Ritchie, B. G., Shrestha, U., Schmookler, B., Schnell, G., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Schweitzer, P., Simmerling, P., Szumila-Vance, H., Tripathi, S., Trotta, N., Varner, G., Vossen, A., Voutier, E., Wickramaarachchi, N., and Zachariou, N.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The COmpact detectoR for the Eic (CORE) Proposal was submitted to the EIC "Call for Collaboration Proposals for Detectors". CORE comprehensively covers the physics scope of the EIC Community White Paper and the National Academies of Science 2018 report. The design exploits advances in detector precision and granularity to minimize size. The central detector includes a 3Tesla, 2.5m solenoid. Tracking is primarily silicon. Electromagnetic calorimetry is based on the high performance crystals. Ring-imaging Cherenkov detectors provide hadronic particle identification., Comment: Contact authors: C.E. Hyde, chyde@odu.edu and P. Nadel-Turonski, turonski@jlab.org
Published: 2022

26. Estimated Effectiveness of JYNNEOS Vaccine in Preventing Mpox: A Multijurisdictional Case-Control Study — United States, August 19, 2022–March 31, 2023

Author: Dalton, Alexandra F, Diallo, Alpha Oumar, Chard, Anna N, Moulia, Danielle L, Deputy, Nicholas P, Fothergill, Amy, Kracalik, Ian, Wegner, Christopher W, Markus, Tiffanie M, Pathela, Preeti, Still, William L, Hawkins, Sam, Mangla, Anil T, Ravi, Nivedita, Licherdell, Erin, Britton, Amber, Lynfield, Ruth, Sutton, Melissa, Hansen, AmberJean P, Betancourt, Gabriela S, Rowlands, Jemma V, Chai, Shua J, Fisher, Rebecca, Danza, Phoebe, Farley, Monica, Zipprich, Jennifer, Prahl, Gregory, Wendel, Karen A, Niccolai, Linda, Castilho, Jessica L, Payne, Daniel C, Cohn, Amanda C, Feldstein, Leora R, Group, CDC Multijurisdictional Mpox Case-Control Study, Group, CDC Multijurisdictional Mpox Case Control Study, Saadeh, Kayla, Snyder, Robert E, Anderson, Madeline, Anguiano, Vanessa Aryana, Nadle, Joelle, Rothrock, Gretchen, Jones, Sydney, Duval, Lauren, Herlihy, Rachel, Stringer, Ginger, Weber, Robyn, Phan, Quyen, Sosa, Lynn, Meek, James, Lee, Michelle, Morrow, Allison S, Willut, Christina, Carlson, Jesse, Kamis, Kevin, Nishiyama, Masayo, Simien, Gena, Colasanti, Jonathan, van der Woude, Tamsin M, Archer, Roxanne, Finn, Lauren, Lam, Jane, Moulton, Bret, Peterson, Erin, Bolan, Robert, Garcia-Lopez, Gabriel, Como-Sabetti, Kathryn, Ruff, Anna, Schneider, Dakota, Robinson, Tracy, Anderson, Bridget J, Engesser, Kerianne, McGuire, Suzanne, Rowe, Adam, Pride, Christopher, Mitchell, Jaxon, Tourkina, Yelena, Cieslak, Paul R, Fill, Mary Margaret, Wiedeman, Caleb, Dumyati, Ghinwa, Felsen, Christina, Lewnard, Joseph A, Akoko, Bentley, Mansilla-Dubon, Kristyne, Ndi, Danielle, Talbot, H Keipp, Tiwari, Sweta, and Wyatt, Dayna
Subjects: Rare Diseases, Immunization, Infectious Diseases, Vaccine Related, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Prevention, 3.4 Vaccines, Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Male, Humans, United States, Homosexuality, Male, Case-Control Studies, Monkeypox, Sexual and Gender Minorities, Smallpox Vaccine, CDC Multijurisdictional Mpox Case-Control Study Group, CDC Multijurisdictional Mpox Case Control Study Group, General & Internal Medicine
Abstract: As of March 31, 2023, more than 30,000 monkeypox (mpox) cases had been reported in the United States in an outbreak that has disproportionately affected gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender persons (1). JYNNEOS vaccine (Modified Vaccinia Ankara vaccine, Bavarian Nordic) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2019 for the prevention of smallpox and mpox via subcutaneous injection as a 2-dose series (0.5 mL per dose, administered 4 weeks apart) (2). To expand vaccine access, an Emergency Use Authorization was issued by FDA on August 9, 2022, for dose-sparing intradermal injection of JYNNEOS as a 2-dose series (0.1 mL per dose, administered 4 weeks apart) (3). Vaccination was available to persons with known or presumed exposure to a person with mpox (postexposure prophylaxis [PEP]), as well as persons at increased risk for mpox or who might benefit from vaccination (preexposure mpox prophylaxis [PrEP]) (4). Because information on JYNNEOS vaccine effectiveness (VE) is limited, a matched case-control study was conducted in 12 U.S. jurisdictions,† including nine Emerging Infections Program sites and three Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity sites,§ to evaluate VE against mpox among MSM and transgender adults aged 18-49 years. During August 19, 2022-March 31, 2023, a total of 309 case-patients were matched to 608 control patients. Adjusted VE was 75.2% (95% CI = 61.2% to 84.2%) for partial vaccination (1 dose) and 85.9% (95% CI = 73.8% to 92.4%) for full vaccination (2 doses). Adjusted VE for full vaccination by subcutaneous, intradermal, and heterologous routes of administration was 88.9% (95% CI = 56.0% to 97.2%), 80.3% (95% CI = 22.9% to 95.0%), and 86.9% (95% CI = 69.1% to 94.5%), respectively. Adjusted VE for full vaccination among immunocompromised participants was 70.2% (95% CI = -37.9% to 93.6%) and among immunocompetent participants was 87.8% (95% CI = 57.5% to 96.5%). JYNNEOS is effective at reducing the risk for mpox. Because duration of protection of 1 versus 2 doses remains unknown, persons at increased risk for mpox exposure should receive the 2-dose series as recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP),¶ regardless of administration route or immunocompromise status.
Published: 2023

27. A Grey Wolf-Driven Refinement of Fuzzy-Based Controller for Enhanced DC Microgrid Operation.

Author: Syeda Shafia Zehra, Syed Hassan Ahmed, Iftikhar Ahmad 0007, Francesco Grimaccia, Alessandro Niccolai, and Marco Mussetta
Published: 2024
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28. A Discrete Geometry Method for Atom Depth Computation in Complex Molecular Systems.

Author: Sara Marziali, Giacomo Nunziati, Alessia Lucia Prete, Neri Niccolai, Sara Brunetti, and Monica Bianchini
Published: 2024
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29. Robust solar sail trajectories using proximal policy optimization

Author: Bianchi, Christian, Niccolai, Lorenzo, and Mengali, Giovanni
Published: 2025
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30. Gut microbiota in very early systemic sclerosis: the first case-control taxonomic and functional characterisation highlighting an altered butyric acid profile

Author: Marco Matucci-Cerinic, Cosimo Bruni, Gemma Lepri, Martina Orlandi, Serena Guiducci, Mirko Manetti, Eloisa Romano, Irene Rosa, Silvia Bellando-Randone, Bianca Saveria Fioretto, Khadija El Aoufy, Edda Russo, Leandro Di Gloria, Simone Baldi, Giulio Ghezzi, Sara Bertorello, Marco Pallecchi, Francesco Cei, Giulia Nannini, Elena Niccolai, Giulia Bandini, Gian Luca Bartolucci, Matteo Ramazzotti, and Amedeo Amedei
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Objectives In systemic sclerosis (SSc), gastrointestinal involvement is one of the earliest events. We compared the gut microbiota (GM), its short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and host-derived free fatty acids (FFAs) in patients with very early diagnosis of SSc (VEDOSS) and definite SSc.Methods Stool samples of 26 patients with SSc, 18 patients with VEDOSS and 20 healthy controls (HC) were collected. The GM was assessed through 16S rRNA sequencing, while SCFAs and FFAs were assessed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results In patients with VEDOSS, an increase in Bacteroidales and Oscillospirales orders and a decrease in Bacilli class, Blautia, Romboutsia, Streptococcus and Turicibacter genera was detected in comparison with HC. In patients with SSc, an elevated number of Acidaminococcaceae and Sutterellaceae families, along with a decrease of the Peptostreptococcaceae family and Anaerostipes, Blautia, Romboutsia and Turicibacter genera was found in comparison with HC. Patients with SSc and VEDOSS had a significantly lower butyrate and higher acetate with respect to HC. In VEDOSS, an increase in Oscillospiraceae family and Anaerostipes genus, and a decrease in Alphaproteobacteria class, and Lactobacillales order was identified with respect to SSc. Moreover, patients with VEDOSS exhibited higher acetate and lower valerate compared with definite SSc.Conclusion A GM dysbiosis with depletion of beneficial anti-inflammatory bacteria (especially butyrate-producing) and a significant decrease in faecal butyrate was identified in patients with VEDOSS. This early GM imbalance may foster the growth of inflammatory microbes, worsening intestinal dysbiosis and inflammation in early SSc stages. The potential butyrate administration in early disease phases might be considered as a novel therapeutic approach to mitigate gastrointestinal discomfort and progression preserving patient’s quality of life.
Published: 2024
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31. SADIC v2: A modern implementation of the Simple Atom Depth Index Calculator

Author: Sara Marziali, Giacomo Nunziati, Alessia Lucia Prete, Neri Niccolai, and Monica Bianchini
Subjects: Protein structure, Atom depth, Atom accessibility, Molecular biology, Computer software, QA76.75-76.765
Abstract: Protein structure analysis plays a primary role in understanding their biological functions. Being able to determine the atom depth index within the protein is crucial to gain insights into molecular interactions and structural stability. To address this need, the original version of Simple Atom Depth Index Calculator (SADIC) software was developed in 2006. However, with the rapid advancement of computational methodologies and the evolution of programming libraries, the original SADIC software has become obsolete and incompatible with modern computational environments. This is why we present SADIC v2, a modernized version of the software that is fully compatible and integrated with modern Python libraries.
Published: 2024
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32. Detector Requirements and Simulation Results for the EIC Exclusive, Diffractive and Tagging Physics Program using the ECCE Detector Concept

Author: Bylinkin, A., Dean, C. T., Fegan, S., Gangadharan, D., Gates, K., Kay, S. J. D., Korover, I., Li, W. B., Li, X., Montgomery, R., Nguyen, D., Penman, G., Pybus, J. R., Santiesteban, N., Trotta, R., Usman, A., Baker, M. D., Frantz, J., Glazier, D. I., Higinbotham, D. W., Horn, T., Huang, J., Huber, G., Reed, R., Roche, J., Schmidt, A., Steinberg, P., Stevens, J., Goto, Y., Camacho, C. Munoz, Murray, M., Papandreou, Z., Zha, W., Adkins, J. K., Akiba, Y., Albataineh, A., Amaryan, M., Arsene, I. C., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bae, J., Bai, X., Bashkanov, M., Bellwied, R., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V., Bernauer, J. C., Bock, F., Boeglin, W., Borysova, M., Brash, E., Brindza, P., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Capobianco, R., Chang, W. -C., Cheon, Y., Chen, K., Chen, K. -F., Cheng, K. -Y., Chiu, M., Chujo, T., Citron, Z., Cline, E., Cohen, E., Cormier, T., Morales, Y. Corrales, Cotton, C., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Creekmore, S., Cuevas, C., Cunningham, J., David, G., Demarteau, M., Diehl, S., Doshita, N., Dupre, R., Durham, J. M., Dzhygadlo, R., Ehlers, R., Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Ent, R., Fanelli, C., Fatemi, R., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Friedman, M., Friscic, I., Gardner, S., Geurts, F., Gilman, R., Glimos, E., Grau, N., Greene, S. V., Guo, A. Q., Guo, L., Ha, S. K., Haggerty, J., Hayward, T., He, X., Hen, O., Hoballah, M., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hsu, P. -h. J., Hutson, A., Hwang, K. Y., Hyde, C. E., Inaba, M., Iwata, T., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kawade, K., Kim, A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, M., Kim, Y., Kistenev, E., Klimenko, V., Ko, S. H., Korsch, W., Krintiras, G., Kuhn, S., Kuo, C. -M., Kutz, T., Lajoie, J., Lawrence, D., Lebedev, S., Lee, H., Lee, J. S. H., Lee, S. W., Lee, Y. -J., Li, W., Liang, Y. T., Lim, S., Lin, C. -h., Lin, D. X., Liu, K., Liu, M. X., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Llope, W. J., Loizides, C., Long, E., Lu, R. -S., Lu, Z., Lynch, W., Mantry, S., Marchand, D., Marcisovsky, M., Markert, C., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., McGaughey, P., Mihovilovic, M., Milner, R. G., Milov, A., Miyachi, Y., Mkrtchyan, A., Monaghan, P., Morrison, D., Movsisyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Nagai, K., Nagle, J., Nakagawa, I., Nattrass, C., Niccolai, S., Nouicer, R., Nukazuka, G., Nycz, M., Okorokov, V. A., Oresic, S., Osborn, J. D., O'Shaughnessy, C., Paganis, S., Pate, S. F., Patel, M., Paus, C., Perdekamp, M. G., Perepelitsa, D. V., da Costa, H. Periera, Peters, K., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pinkenburg, C., Prochazka, I., Protzman, T., Purschke, M. L., Putschke, J., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Rasson, J., Raue, B., Read, K. F., Roed, K., Reinhold, J., Renner, E. L., Richards, J., Riedl, C., Rinn, T., Roland, G. M., Ron, G., Rosati, M., Royon, C., Ryu, J., Salur, S., Santos, R., Sarsour, M., Schambach, J., Schmidt, N., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Seidl, R., Sickles, A., Simmerling, P., Sirca, S., Sharma, D., Shi, Z., Shibata, T. -A., Shih, C. -W., Shimizu, S., Shrestha, U., Slifer, K., Smith, K., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Song, J., Strakovsky, I. I., Stepanov, P., Strube, J., Sun, P., Sun, X., Suresh, K., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, W. -C., Araya, S. Tapia, Tarafdar, S., Teodorescu, L., Thomas, D., Timmins, A., Tomasek, L., Trotta, N., Tveter, T. S., Umaka, E., van Hecke, H. W., Van Hulse, C., Velkovska, J., Voutier, E., Wang, P. K., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Watts, D. P., Wickramaarachchi, N., Weinstein, L., Williams, M., Wong, C. -P., Wood, L., Wood, M. H., Woody, C., Wyslouch, B., Xiao, Z., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yoo, H. D., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zajc, W. A., Zhang, J. -L., and Zhang, J. -X.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: This article presents a collection of simulation studies using the ECCE detector concept in the context of the EIC's exclusive, diffractive, and tagging physics program, which aims to further explore the rich quark-gluon structure of nucleons and nuclei. To successfully execute the program, ECCE proposed to utilize the detecter system close to the beamline to ensure exclusivity and tag ion beam/fragments for a particular reaction of interest. Preliminary studies confirmed the proposed technology and design satisfy the requirements. The projected physics impact results are based on the projected detector performance from the simulation at 10 or 100 fb^-1 of integrated luminosity. Additionally, a few insights on the potential 2nd Interaction Region can (IR) were also documented which could serve as a guidepost for the future development of a second EIC detector.
Published: 2022
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33. First observation of correlations between spin and transverse momenta in back-to-back dihadron production at CLAS12

Author: Avakian, H., Hayward, T. B., Kotzinian, A., Armstrong, W. R., Atac, H., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Baashen, L., Baltzell, N. A., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biondo, L., Biselli, A. S., Bondi, M., Boiarinov, S., Bossù, F., Brinkman, K. T., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, W. K., Bueltmann, S., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V. D., Capobianco, R., Carman, D. S., Carvajal, J. C., Celentano, A., Chatagnon, P., Chesnokov, V., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Dilks, C., Djalali, C., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Elouadrhiri, L., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Forest, T., Gates, K., Gavalian, G., Gilyan, Y., Glazier, D. I., Golubenko, A. A., Gosta, G., Gothe, R. W., Gotra, Y., Griffioen, K. A., Guidal, M., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., Heddle, D., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Hyde, C. E., Ilieva, Y., Ire, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jo, H. S., Johnston, R., Joo, K., Kabir, M. L., Keller, D., Khachatryan, M., Khanal, A., Kim, A., Kim, W., Klimenko, V., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Kuhn, S. E., Lagerquist, V., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Li, X., MacGregor, I . J . D., Marc, D., Mascagna, V., McKinnon, B., Migliorati, S., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Montgomery, R. A., Camacho, C. Munoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Naidoo, P., Neupane, K., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Nicol, M., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Pasyuk, E., Paul, S. J., Phelps, W., Pilleux, N., Pogorelko, O., Pokhrel, M., Poudel, J., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Raue, B. A., Reed, T., Richards, J., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., Rossi, P., Sabatié, F., Salgado, C., Schmidt, A., Sharabian, Y. G., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Simmerling, P., Sokhan, D., Sparveris, N., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tan, J. A., Trotta, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Vossen, A., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P., Wei, X., Wishart, R., Wood, M. H., Zachariou, N., Zhao, Z. W., and Zurek, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report the first measurements of deep inelastic scattering spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries in back-to-back dihadron electroproduction, where two hadrons are produced in opposite hemispheres along the z-axis in the center-of-mass frame, with the first hadron produced in the current-fragmentation region and the second in the target-fragmentation region. The data were taken with longitudinally polarized electron beams of 10.2 and 10.6 GeV incident on an unpolarized liquid-hydrogen target using the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab. Observed non-zero $\sin\Delta\phi$ modulations in $ep \rightarrow e'p\pi^+X$ events, where $\Delta\phi$ is the difference of the azimuthal angles of the proton and pion in the virtual photon and target nucleon center-of-mass frame, indicate that correlations between the spin and transverse momenta of hadrons produced in the target- and current-fragmentation regions may be significant. The measured beam-spin asymmetries provide a first access in dihadron production to a previously unobserved leading-twist spin- and transverse-momentum-dependent fracture function. The fracture functions describe the hadronization of the target remnant after the hard scattering of a virtual photon off a quark in the target particle and provide a new avenue for studying nucleonic structure and hadronization., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2022
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34. Alignment of the CLAS12 central hybrid tracker with a Kalman Filter

Author: Paul, S. J., Peck, A., Arratia, M., Gotra, Y., Ziegler, V., De Vita, R., Bossu, F., Defurne, M., Atac, H., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Baashen, L., Baltzell, N. A., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biondo, L., Biselli, A. S., Bondi, M., Boiarinov, S., Brinkmann, K. Th., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, W. K., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V. D., Capobianco, R., Carman, D. S., Carvajal, J. C., Chatagnon, P., Chesnokov, V., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Cole, P. L., Costantini, G., Angelo, A. D, Dashyan, N., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Djalali, C., Dupre, R., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Elouadrhiri, L., Filippi, A., Gates, K., Gavalian, G., Ghandilyan, Y., Gilfoyle, G. P., Golubenko, A. A., Gosta, G., Gothe, R. W., Griffioen, K., Guidal, M., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hauenstein, F., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jo, H. S., Johnston, R., Joo, K., Keller, D., Khachatryan, M., Khanal, A., Kim, A., Kim, W., Klimenko, V., Kripko, A., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lenisa, P., Li, X., MacGregor, I. J. D., Marchand, D., Marsicano, L., Mascagna, V., McKinnon, B., McLauchlin, C., Migliorati, S., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Camacho, C. Munoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Naidoo, P., Neupane, K., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Nicol, M., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Paremuzyan, R., Pilleux, N., Pogorelko, O., Pokhrel, M., Poudel, J., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Reed, T., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., Sabatie, F., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Simmerling, P., Spreafico, M., Sokhan, D., Sparveris, N., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tan, J. A., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P., Wei, X., Wishart, R., Wood, M. H., and Zachariou, N.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Several factors can contribute to the difficulty of aligning the sensors of tracking detectors, including a large number of modules, multiple types of detector technologies, and non-linear strip patterns on the sensors. All three of these factors apply to the CLAS12 CVT, which is a hybrid detector consisting of planar silicon sensors with non-parallel strips, and cylindrical micromegas sensors with longitudinal and arc-shaped strips located within a 5~T superconducting solenoid. To align this detector, we used the Kalman Alignment Algorithm, which accounts for correlations between the alignment parameters without requiring the time-consuming inversion of large matrices. This is the first time that this algorithm has been adapted for use with hybrid technologies, non-parallel strips, and curved sensors. We present the results for the first alignment of the CLAS12 CVT using straight tracks from cosmic rays and from a target with the magnetic field turned off. After running this procedure, we achieved alignment at the level of 10~$\mu$m, and the widths of the residual spectra were greatly reduced. These results attest to the flexibility of this algorithm and its applicability to future use in the CLAS12 CVT and other hybrid or curved trackers, such as those proposed for the future Electron-Ion Collider.
Published: 2022
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35. ECCE unpolarized TMD measurements

Author: Seidl, R., Vladimirov, A., Adkins, J. K., Akiba, Y., Albataineh, A., Amaryan, M., Arsene, I. C., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bae, J., Bai, X., Baker, M. D., Bashkanov, M., Bellwied, R., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V., Bernauer, J. C., Bock, F., Boeglin, W., Borysova, M., Brash, E., Brindza, P., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Bylinkin, A., Capobianco, R., Chang, W. -C., Cheon, Y., Chen, K., Chen, K. -F., Cheng, K. -Y., Chiu, M., Chujo, T., Citron, Z., Cline, E., Cohen, E., Cormier, T., Morales, Y. Corrales, Cotton, C., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Creekmore, S., Cuevas, C., Cunningham, J., David, G., Dean, C. T., Demarteau, M., Diehl, S., Doshita, N., Dupré, R., Durham, J. M., Dzhygadlo, R., Ehlers, R., Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Ent, R., Fanelli, C., Fatemi, R., Fegan, S., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Frantz, J., Friedman, M., Friscic, I., Gangadharan, D., Gardner, S., Gates, K., Geurts, F., Gilman, R., Glazier, D., Glimos, E., Goto, Y., Grau, N., Greene, S. V., Guo, A. Q., Guo, L., Ha, S. K., Haggerty, J., Hayward, T., He, X., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Hoballah, M., Horn, T., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hsu, P. -h. J., Huang, J., Huber, G., Hutson, A., Hwang, K. Y., Hyde, C. E., Inaba, M., Iwata, T., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kawade, K., Kay, S. J. D., Kim, A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, M., Kim, Y., Kistenev, E., Klimenko, V., Ko, S. H., Korover, I., Korsch, W., Krintiras, G., Kuhn, S., Kuo, C. -M., Kutz, T., Lajoie, J., Lawrence, D., Lebedev, S., Lee, H., Lee, J. S. H., Lee, S. W., Lee, Y. -J., Li, W., Li, X., Liang, Y. T., Lim, S., Lin, C. -H., Lin, D. X., Liu, K., Liu, M. X., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Llope, W. J., Loizides, C., Long, E., Lu, R. -S., Lu, Z., Lynch, W., Marchand, D., Marcisovsky, M., Markert, C., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., McGaughey, P., Mihovilovic, M., Milner, R. G., Milov, A., Miyachi, Y., Mkrtchyan, A., Monaghan, P., Montgomery, R., Morrison, D., Movsisyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Camacho, C. Munoz, Murray, M., Nagai, K., Nagle, J., Nakagawa, I., Nattrass, C., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Nouicer, R., Nukazuka, G., Nycz, M., Okorokov, V. A., Orešić, S., Osborn, J. D., O'Shaughnessy, C., Paganis, S., Papandreou, Z, Pate, S. F., Patel, M., Paus, C., Penman, G., Perdekamp, M. G., Perepelitsa, D. V., da Costa, H. Periera, Peters, K., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pinkenburg, C., Prochazka, I., Protzman, T., Purschke, M. L., Putschke, J., Pybus, J. R., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Rasson, J., Raue, B., Read, K., Røed, K., Reed, R., Reinhold, J., Renner, E. L., Richards, J., Riedl, C., Rinn, T., Roche, J., Roland, G. M., Ron, G., Rosati, M., Royon, C., Ryu, J., Salur, S., Santiesteban, N., Santos, R., Sarsour, M., Schambach, J., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, N., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Sickles, A., Simmerling, P., Sirca, S., Sharma, D., Shi, Z., Shibata, T. -A., Shih, C. -W., Shimizu, S., Shrestha, U., Slifer, K., Smith, K., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Song, J., Strakovsky, I. I., Steinberg, P., Stepanov, P., Stevens, J., Strube, J., Sun, P., Sun, X., Suresh, K., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, W. -C., Araya, S. Tapia, Tarafdar, S., Teodorescu, L., Thomas, D., Timmins, A., Tomasek, L., Trotta, N., Trotta, R., Tveter, T. S., Umaka, E., Usman, A., van Hecke, H. W., Van Hulse, C., Velkovska, J., Voutier, E., Wang, P. K., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Watts, D. P., Wickramaarachchi, N., Weinstein, L., Williams, M., Wong, C. -P., Wood, L., Wood, M. H., Woody, C., Wyslouch, B., Xiao, Z., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yoo, H. D., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zajc, W. A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y. X., Zheng, X., and Zhuang, P.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We performed feasibility studies for various measurements that are related to unpolarized TMD distribution and fragmentation functions. The processes studied include semi-inclusive Deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) where single hadrons (pions and kaons) were detected in addition to the scattered DIS lepton. The single hadron cross sections and multiplicities were extracted as a function of the DIS variables $x$ and $Q^2$, as well as the semi-inclusive variables $z$, which corresponds to the momentum fraction the detected hadron carries relative to the struck parton and $P_T$, which corresponds to the transverse momentum of the detected hadron relative to the virtual photon. The expected statistical precision of such measurements is extrapolated to accumulated luminosities of 10 fb$^{-1}$ and potential systematic uncertainties are approximated given the deviations between true and reconstructed yields., Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, to be submitted in joint ECCE proposal NIM-A volume
Published: 2022
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36. ECCE Sensitivity Studies for Single Hadron Transverse Single Spin Asymmetry Measurements

Author: Seidl, R., Vladimirov, A., Pitonyak, D., Prokudin, A., Adkins, J. K., Akiba, Y., Albataineh, A., Amaryan, M., Arsene, I. C., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bae, J., Bai, X., Baker, M. D., Bashkanov, M., Bellwied, R., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V., Bernauer, J. C., Bock, F., Boeglin, W., Borysova, M., Brash, E., Brindza, P., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Bylinkin, A., Capobianco, R., Chang, W. -C., Cheon, Y., Chen, K., Chen, K. -F., Cheng, K. -Y., Chiu, M., Chujo, T., Citron, Z., Cline, E., Cohen, E., Cormier, T., Morales, Y. Corrales, Cotton, C., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Creekmore, S., Cuevas, C., Cunningham, J., David, G., Dean, C. T., Demarteau, M., Diehl, S., Doshita, N., Dupré, R., Durham, J. M., Dzhygadlo, R., Ehlers, R., Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Ent, R., Fanelli, C., Fatemi, R., Fegan, S., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Frantz, J., Friedman, M., Friscic, I., Gangadharan, D., Gardner, S., Gates, K., Geurts, F., Gilman, R., Glazier, D., Glimos, E., Goto, Y., Grau, N., Greene, S. V., Guo, A. Q., Guo, L., Ha, S. K., Haggerty, J., Hayward, T., He, X., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Hoballah, M., Horn, T., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hsu, P. -h. J., Huang, J., Huber, G., Hutson, A., Hwang, K. Y., Hyde, C. E., Inaba, M., Iwata, T., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kawade, K., Kay, S. J. D., Kim, A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, M., Kim, Y., Kistenev, E., Klimenko, V., Ko, S. H., Korover, I., Korsch, W., Krintiras, G., Kuhn, S., Kuo, C. -M., Kutz, T., Lajoie, J., Lawrence, D., Lebedev, S., Lee, H., Lee, J. S. H., Lee, S. W., Lee, Y. -J., Li, W., Li, X., Liang, Y. T., Lim, S., Lin, C. -H., Lin, D. X., Liu, K., Liu, M. X., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Llope, W. J., Loizides, C., Long, E., Lu, R. -S., Lu, Z., Lynch, W., Marchand, D., Marcisovsky, M., Markert, C., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., McGaughey, P., Mihovilovic, M., Milner, R. G., Milov, A., Miyachi, Y., Mkrtchyan, A., Monaghan, P., Montgomery, R., Morrison, D., Movsisyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Camacho, C. Munoz, Murray, M., Nagai, K., Nagle, J., Nakagawa, I., Nattrass, C., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Nouicer, R., Nukazuka, G., Nycz, M., Okorokov, V. A., Orešić, S., Osborn, J. D., O'Shaughnessy, C., Paganis, S., Papandreou, Z, Pate, S. F., Patel, M., Paus, C., Penman, G., Perdekamp, M. G., Perepelitsa, D. V., da Costa, H. Periera, Peters, K., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pinkenburg, C., Prochazka, I., Protzman, T., Purschke, M. L., Putschke, J., Pybus, J. R., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Rasson, J., Raue, B., Read, K., Røed, K., Reed, R., Reinhold, J., Renner, E. L., Richards, J., Riedl, C., Rinn, T., Roche, J., Roland, G. M., Ron, G., Rosati, M., Royon, C., Ryu, J., Salur, S., Santiesteban, N., Santos, R., Sarsour, M., Schambach, J., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, N., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Sickles, A., Simmerling, P., Sirca, S., Sharma, D., Shi, Z., Shibata, T. -A., Shih, C. -W., Shimizu, S., Shrestha, U., Slifer, K., Smith, K., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Song, J., Strakovsky, I. I., Steinberg, P., Stepanov, P., Stevens, J., Strube, J., Sun, P., Sun, X., Suresh, K., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, W. -C., Araya, S. Tapia, Tarafdar, S., Teodorescu, L., Thomas, D., Timmins, A., Tomasek, L., Trotta, N., Trotta, R., Tveter, T. S., Umaka, E., Usman, A., van Hecke, H. W., Van Hulse, C., Velkovska, J., Voutier, E., Wang, P. K., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Watts, D. P., Wickramaarachchi, N., Weinstein, L., Williams, M., Wong, C. -P., Wood, L., Wood, M. H., Woody, C., Wyslouch, B., Xiao, Z., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yoo, H. D., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zajc, W. A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y. X., Zheng, X., and Zhuang, P.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We performed feasibility studies for various single transverse spin measurements that are related to the Sivers effect, transversity and the tensor charge, and the Collins fragmentation function. The processes studied include semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) where single hadrons (pions and kaons) were detected in addition to the scattered DIS lepton. The data were obtained in {\sc pythia}6 and {\sc geant}4 simulated e+p collisions at 18 GeV on 275 GeV, 18 on 100, 10 on 100, and 5 on 41 that use the ECCE detector configuration. Typical DIS kinematics were selected, most notably $Q^2 > 1 $ GeV$^2$, and cover the $x$ range from $10^{-4}$ to $1$. The single spin asymmetries were extracted as a function of $x$ and $Q^2$, as well as the semi-inclusive variables $z$, and $P_T$. They are obtained in azimuthal moments in combinations of the azimuthal angles of the hadron transverse momentum and transverse spin of the nucleon relative to the lepton scattering plane. The initially unpolarized MonteCarlo was re-weighted in the true kinematic variables, hadron types and parton flavors based on global fits of fixed target SIDIS experiments and $e^+e^-$ annihilation data. The expected statistical precision of such measurements is extrapolated to 10 fb$^{-1}$ and potential systematic uncertainties are approximated given the deviations between true and reconstructed yields. The impact on the knowledge of the Sivers functions, transversity and tensor charges, and the Collins function has then been evaluated in the same phenomenological extractions as in the Yellow Report. The impact is found to be comparable to that obtained with the parameterized Yellow Report detector and shows that the ECCE detector configuration can fulfill the physics goals on these quantities., Comment: 22 pages, 22 figures, to be submitted to joint ECCE proposal NIM-A volume
Published: 2022
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37. Open Heavy Flavor Studies for the ECCE Detector at the Electron Ion Collider

Author: Li, X., Adkins, J. K., Akiba, Y., Albataineh, A., Amaryan, M., Arsene, I. C., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bae, J., Bai, X., Baker, M. D., Bashkanov, M., Bellwied, R., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V., Bernauer, J. C., Bock, F., Boeglin, W., Borysova, M., Brash, E., Brindza, P., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Bylinkin, A., Capobianco, R., Chang, W. -C., Cheon, Y., Chen, K., Chen, K. -F., Cheng, K. -Y., Chiu, M., Chujo, T., Citron, Z., Cline, E., Cohen, E., Cormier, T., Morales, Y. Corrales, Cotton, C., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Creekmore, S., Cuevas, C., Cunningham, J., David, G., Dean, C. T., Demarteau, M., Diehl, S., Doshita, N., Dupré, R., Durham, J. M., Dzhygadlo, R., Ehlers, R., Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Ent, R., Fanelli, C., Fatemi, R., Fegan, S., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Frantz, J., Friedman, M., Friscic, I., Gangadharan, D., Gardner, S., Gates, K., Geurts, F., Gilman, R., Glazier, D., Glimos, E., Goto, Y., Grau, N., Greene, S. V., Guo, A. Q., Guo, L., Ha, S. K., Haggerty, J., Hayward, T., He, X., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Hoballah, M., Horn, T., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hsu, P. -h. J., Huang, J., Huber, G., Hutson, A., Hwang, K. Y., Hyde, C. E., Inaba, M., Iwata, T., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kawade, K., Kay, S. J. D., Kim, A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, M., Kim, Y., Kistenev, E., Klimenko, V., Ko, S. H., Korover, I., Korsch, W., Krintiras, G., Kuhn, S., Kuo, C. -M., Kutz, T., Lajoie, J., Lawrence, D., Lebedev, S., Lee, H., Lee, J. S. H., Lee, S. W., Lee, Y. -J., Li, W., Li, W. B., Liang, Y. T., Lim, S., Lin, C. -H., Lin, D. X., Liu, K., Liu, M. X., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Llope, W. J., Loizides, C., Long, E., Lu, R. -S., Lu, Z., Lynch, W., Mantry, S., Marchand, D., Marcisovsky, M., Markert, C., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., McGaughey, P., Mihovilovic, M., Milner, R. G., Milov, A., Miyachi, Y., Mkrtchyan, A., Monaghan, P., Montgomery, R., Morrison, D., Movsisyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Camacho, C. Munoz, Murray, M., Nagai, K., Nagle, J., Nakagawa, I., Nattrass, C., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Nouicer, R., Nukazuka, G., Nycz, M., Okorokov, V. A., Orešić, S., Osborn, J. D., O'Shaughnessy, C., Paganis, S., Papandreou, Z., Pate, S. F., Patel, M., Paus, C., Penman, G., Perdekamp, M. G., Perepelitsa, D. V., da Costa, H. Periera, Peters, K., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pinkenburg, C., Prochazka, I., Protzman, T., Purschke, M. L., Putschke, J., Pybus, J. R., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Rasson, J., Raue, B., Read, K. F., Røed, K., Reed, R., Reinhold, J., Renner, E. L., Richards, J., Riedl, C., Rinn, T., Roche, J., Roland, G. M., Ron, G., Rosati, M., Royon, C., Ryu, J., Salur, S., Santiesteban, N., Santos, R., Sarsour, M., Schambach, J., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, N., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Seidl, R., Sickles, A., Simmerling, P., Sirca, S., Sharma, D., Shi, Z., Shibata, T. -A., Shih, C. -W., Shimizu, S., Shrestha, U., Slifer, K., Smith, K., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Song, J., Strakovsky, I. I., Steinberg, P., Stepanov, P., Stevens, J., Strube, J., Sun, P., Sun, X., Suresh, K., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, W. -C., Araya, S. Tapia, Tarafdar, S., Teodorescu, L., Thomas, D., Timmins, A., Tomasek, L., Trotta, N., Trotta, R., Tveter, T. S., Umaka, E., Usman, A., van Hecke, H. W., Van Hulse, C., Velkovska, J., Voutier, E., Wang, P. K., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Watts, D. P., Wickramaarachchi, N., Weinstein, L., Williams, M., Wong, C. -P., Wood, L., Wood, M. H., Woody, C., Wyslouch, B., Xiao, Z., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yoo, H. D., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zajc, W. A., Zha, W., Zhang, J. -L., Zhang, J. -X., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y. -X., Zheng, X., and Zhuang, P.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The ECCE detector has been recommended as the selected reference detector for the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). A series of simulation studies have been carried out to validate the physics feasibility of the ECCE detector. In this paper, detailed studies of heavy flavor hadron and jet reconstruction and physics projections with the ECCE detector performance and different magnet options will be presented. The ECCE detector has enabled precise EIC heavy flavor hadron and jet measurements with a broad kinematic coverage. These proposed heavy flavor measurements will help systematically study the hadronization process in vacuum and nuclear medium especially in the underexplored kinematic region., Comment: Open heavy flavor studies with the EIC reference detector design by the ECCE consortium. 11 pages, 11 figures, to be submitted to the Nuclear Instruments and Methods A
Published: 2022

38. Exclusive J/$\psi$ Detection and Physics with ECCE

Author: Li, X., Adkins, J. K., Akiba, Y., Albataineh, A., Amaryan, M., Arsene, I. C., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bae, J., Bai, X., Baker, M. D., Bashkanov, M., Bellwied, R., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V., Bernauer, J. C., Bock, F., Boeglin, W., Borysova, M., Brash, E., Brindza, P., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Bylinkin, A., Capobianco, R., Chang, W. -C., Cheon, Y., Chen, K., Chen, K. -F., Cheng, K. -Y., Chiu, M., Chujo, T., Citron, Z., Cline, E., Cohen, E., Cormier, T., Morales, Y. Corrales, Cotton, C., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Creekmore, S., Cuevas, C., Cunningham, J., David, G., Dean, C. T., Demarteau, M., Diehl, S., Doshita, N., Dupré, R., Durham, J. M., Dzhygadlo, R., Ehlers, R., Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Ent, R., Fanelli, C., Fatemi, R., Fegan, S., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Frantz, J., Friedman, M., Friscic, I., Gangadharan, D., Gardner, S., Gates, K., Geurts, F., Gilman, R., Glazier, D., Glimos, E., Goto, Y., Grau, N., Greene, S. V., Guo, A. Q., Guo, L., Ha, S. K., Haggerty, J., Hayward, T., He, X., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Hoballah, M., Horn, T., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hsu, P. -h. J., Huang, J., Huber, G., Hutson, A., Hwang, K. Y., Hyde, C. E., Inaba, M., Iwata, T., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kawade, K., Kay, S. J. D., Kim, A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, M., Kim, Y., Kistenev, E., Klimenko, V., Ko, S. H., Korover, I., Korsch, W., Krintiras, G., Kuhn, S., Kuo, C. -M., Kutz, T., Lajoie, J., Lawrence, D., Lebedev, S., Lee, H., Lee, J. S. H., Lee, S. W., Lee, Y. -J., Li, W., Li, W. B., Liang, Y. T., Lim, S., Lin, C. -H., Lin, D. X., Liu, K., Liu, M. X., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Llope, W. J., Loizides, C., Long, E., Lu, R. -S., Lu, Z., Lynch, W., Mantry, S., Marchand, D., Marcisovsky, M., Markert, C., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., McGaughey, P., Mihovilovic, M., Milner, R. G., Milov, A., Miyachi, Y., Mkrtchyan, A., Monaghan, P., Montgomery, R., Morrison, D., Movsisyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Camacho, C. Munoz, Murray, M., Nagai, K., Nagle, J., Nakagawa, I., Nattrass, C., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Nouicer, R., Nukazuka, G., Nycz, M., Okorokov, V. A., Orešić, S., Osborn, J. D., O'Shaughnessy, C., Paganis, S., Papandreou, Z., Pate, S. F., Patel, M., Paus, C., Penman, G., Perdekamp, M. G., Perepelitsa, D. V., da Costa, H. Periera, Peters, K., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pinkenburg, C., Prochazka, I., Protzman, T., Purschke, M. L., Putschke, J., Pybus, J. R., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Rasson, J., Raue, B., Read, K. F., Røed, K., Reed, R., Reinhold, J., Renner, E. L., Richards, J., Riedl, C., Rinn, T., Roche, J., Roland, G. M., Ron, G., Rosati, M., Royon, C., Ryu, J., Salur, S., Santiesteban, N., Santos, R., Sarsour, M., Schambach, J., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, N., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Seidl, R., Sickles, A., Simmerling, P., Sirca, S., Sharma, D., Shi, Z., Shibata, T. -A., Shih, C. -W., Shimizu, S., Shrestha, U., Slifer, K., Smith, K., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Song, J., Strakovsky, I. I., Steinberg, P., Stepanov, P., Stevens, J., Strube, J., Sun, P., Sun, X., Suresh, K., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, W. -C., Araya, S. Tapia, Tarafdar, S., Teodorescu, L., Thomas, D., Timmins, A., Tomasek, L., Trotta, N., Trotta, R., Tveter, T. S., Umaka, E., Usman, A., van Hecke, H. W., Van Hulse, C., Velkovska, J., Voutier, E., Wang, P. K., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Watts, D. P., Wickramaarachchi, N., Weinstein, L., Williams, M., Wong, C. -P., Wood, L., Wood, M. H., Woody, C., Wyslouch, B., Xiao, Z., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yoo, H. D., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zajc, W. A., Zha, W., Zhang, J. -L., Zhang, J. -X., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y. -X., Zheng, X., and Zhuang, P.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Exclusive heavy quarkonium photoproduction is one of the most popular processes in EIC, which has a large cross section and a simple final state. Due to the gluonic nature of the exchange Pomeron, this process can be related to the gluon distributions in the nucleus. The momentum transfer dependence of this process is sensitive to the interaction sites, which provides a powerful tool to probe the spatial distribution of gluons in the nucleus. Recently the problem of the origin of hadron mass has received lots of attention in determining the anomaly contribution $M_{a}$. The trace anomaly is sensitive to the gluon condensate, and exclusive production of quarkonia such as J/$\psi$ and $\Upsilon$ can serve as a sensitive probe to constrain it. In this paper, we present the performance of the ECCE detector for exclusive J/$\psi$ detection and the capability of this process to investigate the above physics opportunities with ECCE., Comment: 11 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
Published: 2022
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39. Search for $e\to\tau$ Charged Lepton Flavor Violation at the EIC with the ECCE Detector

Author: Zhang, J. -L., Mantry, S., Adkins, J. K., Akiba, Y., Albataineh, A., Amaryan, M., Arsene, I. C., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bae, J., Bai, X., Baker, M. D., Bashkanov, M., Bellwied, R., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V., Bernauer, J. C., Bock, F., Boeglin, W., Borysova, M., Brash, E., Brindza, P., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Bylinkin, A., Capobianco, R., Chang, W. -C., Cheon, Y., Chen, K., Chen, K. -F., Cheng, K. -Y., Chiu, M., Chujo, T., Citron, Z., Cline, E., Cohen, E., Cormier, T., Morales, Y. Corrales, Cotton, C., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Creekmore, S., Cuevas, C., Cunningham, J., David, G., Dean, C. T., Demarteau, M., Diehl, S., Doshita, N., Dupré, R., Durham, J. M., Dzhygadlo, R., Ehlers, R., Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Ent, R., Fanelli, C., Fatemi, R., Fegan, S., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Frantz, J., Friedman, M., Friscic, I., Gangadharan, D., Gardner, S., Gates, K., Geurts, F., Gilman, R., Glazier, D., Glimos, E., Goto, Y., Grau, N., Greene, S. V., Guo, A. Q., Guo, L., Ha, S. K., Haggerty, J., Hayward, T., He, X., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Hoballah, M., Horn, T., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hsu, P. -h. J., Huang, J., Huber, G., Hutson, A., Hwang, K. Y., Hyde, C. E., Inaba, M., Iwata, T., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kawade, K., Kay, S. J. D., Kim, A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, M., Kim, Y., Kistenev, E., Klimenko, V., Ko, S. H., Korover, I., Korsch, W., Krintiras, G., Kuhn, S., Kuo, C. -M., Kutz, T., Lajoie, J., Lawrence, D., Lebedev, S., Lee, H., Lee, J. S. H., Lee, S. W., Lee, Y. -J., Li, W., Li, W. B., Li, X., Liang, Y. T., Lim, S., Lin, C. -H., Lin, D. X., Liu, K., Liu, M. X., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Llope, W. J., Loizides, C., Long, E., Lu, R. -S., Lu, Z., Lynch, W., Marchand, D., Marcisovsky, M., Markert, C., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., McGaughey, P., Mihovilovic, M., Milner, R. G., Milov, A., Miyachi, Y., Mkrtchyan, A., Monaghan, P., Montgomery, R., Morrison, D., Movsisyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Camacho, C. Munoz, Murray, M., Nagai, K., Nagle, J., Nakagawa, I., Nattrass, C., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Nouicer, R., Nukazuka, G., Nycz, M., Okorokov, V. A., Orešić, S., Osborn, J. D., O'Shaughnessy, C., Paganis, S., Papandreou, Z., Pate, S. F., Patel, M., Paus, C., Penman, G., Perdekamp, M. G., Perepelitsa, D. V., da Costa, H. Periera, Peters, K., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pinkenburg, C., Prochazka, I., Protzman, T., Purschke, M. L., Putschke, J., Pybus, J. R., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Rasson, J., Raue, B., Read, K. F., Røed, K., Reed, R., Reinhold, J., Renner, E. L., Richards, J., Riedl, C., Rinn, T., Roche, J., Roland, G. M., Ron, G., Rosati, M., Royon, C., Ryu, J., Salur, S., Santiesteban, N., Santos, R., Sarsour, M., Schambach, J., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, N., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Seidl, R., Sickles, A., Simmerling, P., Sirca, S., Sharma, D., Shi, Z., Shibata, T. -A., Shih, C. -W., Shimizu, S., Shrestha, U., Slifer, K., Smith, K., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Song, J., Strakovsky, I. I., Steinberg, P., Stepanov, P., Stevens, J., Strube, J., Sun, P., Sun, X., Suresh, K., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, W. -C., Araya, S. Tapia, Tarafdar, S., Teodorescu, L., Thomas, D., Timmins, A., Tomasek, L., Trotta, N., Trotta, R., Tveter, T. S., Umaka, E., Usman, A., van Hecke, H. W., Van Hulse, C., Velkovska, J., Voutier, E., Wang, P. K., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Watts, D. P., Wickramaarachchi, N., Weinstein, L., Williams, M., Wong, C. -P., Wood, L., Wood, M. H., Woody, C., Wyslouch, B., Xiao, Z., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yoo, H. D., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zajc, W. A., Zha, W., Zhang, J. -X., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y. -X., Zheng, X., and Zhuang, P.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: The recently approved Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will provide a unique new opportunity for searches of charged lepton flavor violation (CLFV) and other new physics scenarios. In contrast to the $e \leftrightarrow \mu$ CLFV transition for which very stringent limits exist, there is still a relatively large discovery space for the $e \to \tau$ CLFV transition, potentially to be explored by the EIC. With the latest detector design of ECCE (EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment) and projected integral luminosity of the EIC, we find the $\tau$-leptons created in the DIS process $ep\to \tau X$ are expected to be identified with high efficiency. A first ECCE simulation study, restricted to the 3-prong $\tau$-decay mode and with limited statistics for the Standard Model backgrounds, estimates that the EIC will be able to improve the current exclusion limit on $e\to \tau$ CLFV by an order of magnitude., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, to be submitted to NIM
Published: 2022
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40. Design and Simulated Performance of Calorimetry Systems for the ECCE Detector at the Electron Ion Collider

Author: Bock, F., Schmidt, N., Wang, P. K., Santiesteban, N., Horn, T., Huang, J., Lajoie, J., Camacho, C. Munoz, Adkins, J. K., Akiba, Y., Albataineh, A., Amaryan, M., Arsene, I. C., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bae, J., Bai, X., Baker, M. D., Bashkanov, M., Bellwied, R., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V., Bernauer, J. C., Boeglin, W., Borysova, M., Brash, E., Brindza, P., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Bylinkin, A., Capobianco, R., Chang, W. -C., Cheon, Y., Chen, K., Chen, K. -F., Cheng, K. -Y., Chiu, M., Chujo, T., Citron, Z., Cline, E., Cohen, E., Cormier, T., Morales, Y. Corrales, Cotton, C., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Creekmore, S., Cuevas, C., Cunningham, J., David, G., Dean, C. T., Demarteau, M., Diehl, S., Doshita, N., Dupre, R., Durham, J. M., Dzhygadlo, R., Ehlers, R., Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Ent, R., Fanelli, C., Fatemi, R., Fegan, S., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Frantz, J., Friedman, M., Friscic, I., Gangadharan, D., Gardner, S., Gates, K., Geurts, F., Gilman, R., Glazier, D., Glimos, E., Goto, Y., Grau, N., Greene, S. V., Guo, A. Q., Guo, L., Ha, S. K., Haggerty, J., Hayward, T., He, X., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Hoballah, M., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hsu, P. -h. J., Huber, G., Hutson, A., Hwang, K. Y., Hyde, C. E., Inaba, M., Iwata, T., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kawade, K., Kay, S. J. D., Kim, A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, M., Kim, Y., Kistenev, E., Klimenko, V., Ko, S. H., Korover, I., Korsch, W., Krintiras, G., Kuhn, S., Kuo, C. -M., Kutz, T., Lawrence, D., Lebedev, S., Lee, H., Lee, J. S. H., Lee, S. W., Lee, Y. -J., Li, W., Li, W. B., Li, X., Liang, Y. T., Lim, S., Lin, C. -h., Lin, D. X., Liu, K., Liu, M. X., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Llope, W. J., Loizides, C., Long, E., Lu, R. -S., Lu, Z., Lynch, W., Mantry, S., Marchand, D., Marcisovsky, M., Markert, C., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., McGaughey, P., Mihovilovic, M., Milner, R. G., Milov, A., Miyachi, Y., Mkrtchyan, A., Monaghan, P., Montgomery, R., Morrison, D., Movsisyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Murray, M., Nagai, K., Nagle, J., Nakagawa, I., Nattrass, C., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Nouicer, R., Nukazuka, G., Nycz, M., Okorokov, V. A., Oresic, S., Osborn, J. D., Shaughnessy, C. O, Paganis, S., Papandreou, Z., Pate, S. F., Patel, M., Paus, C., Penman, G., Perdekamp, M. G., Perepelitsa, D. V., da Costa, H. Periera, Peters, K., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pinkenburg, C., Prochazka, I., Protzman, T., Purschke, M. L., Putschke, J., Pybus, J. R., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Rasson, J., Raue, B., Read, K. F., Røed, K., Reed, R., Reinhold, J., Renner, E. L., Richards, J., Riedl, C., Rinn, T., Roche, J., Roland, G. M., Ron, G., Rosati, M., Royon, C., Ryu, J., Salur, S., Santos, R., Sarsour, M., Schambach, J., Schmidt, A., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Seidl, R., Sickles, A., Simmerling, P., Sirca, S., Sharma, D., Shi, Z., Shibata, T. -A., Shih, C. -W., Shimizu, S., Shrestha, U., Slifer, K., Smith, K., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Song, J., Strakovsky, I. I., Steinberg, P., Stepanov, P., Stevens, J., Strube, J., Sun, P., Sun, X., Suresh, K., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, W. -C., Araya, S. Tapia, Tarafdar, S., Teodorescu, L., Thomas, D., Timmins, A., Tomasek, L., Trotta, N., Trotta, R., Tveter, T. S., Umaka, E., Usman, A., van Hecke, H. W., Van Hulse, C., Velkovska, J., Voutier, E., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Watts, D. P., Wickramaarachchi, N., Weinstein, L., Williams, M., Wong, C. -P., Wood, L., Wood, M. H., Woody, C., Wyslouch, B., Xiao, Z., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yoo, H. D., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zajc, W. A., Zha, W., Zhang, J. -L., Zhang, J. -X., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y. -X., Zheng, X., and Zhuang, P.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We describe the design and performance the calorimeter systems used in the ECCE detector design to achieve the overall performance specifications cost-effectively with careful consideration of appropriate technical and schedule risks. The calorimeter systems consist of three electromagnetic calorimeters, covering the combined pseudorapdity range from -3.7 to 3.8 and two hadronic calorimeters. Key calorimeter performances which include energy and position resolutions, reconstruction efficiency, and particle identification will be presented., Comment: 19 pages, 22 figures, 5 tables
Published: 2022
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41. Observation of azimuth-dependent suppression of hadron pairs in electron scattering off nuclei

Author: Paul, S. J., Moran, S., Arratia, M., Alaoui, A. El, Hakobyan, H., Brooks, W., Amaryan, M. J., Armstrong, W. R., Atac, H., Baashen, L., Baltzell, N. A., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biondo, L., Biselli, A. S., Bondi, M., Bossu, F., Boiarinov, S., Brinkmann, K. Th., Briscoe, W. J., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V. D., Capobianco, R., Carman, D. S., Celentano, A., Chesnokov, V., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Dilks, C., Djalali, C., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Fassi, L. El, Eugenio, P., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Gavalian, G., Ghandilyan, Y., Gilfoyle, G. P., Golubenko, A. A., Gosta, G., Gothe, R. W., Griffioen, K. A., Guidal, M., Hattawy, M., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jo, H. S., Johnston, R., Joo, K., Joosten, S., Keller, D., Khanal, A., Khandaker, M., Kim, W., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Lagerquist, V., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Li, X., Livingston, K., MacGregor, I. J. D., Marchand, D., Mascagna, V., McKinnon, B., Meziani, Z. E., Migliorati, S., Milner, R. G., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V. I., Moran, P., Camacho, C. Munoz, Neupane, K., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Ostrovidov, A. I., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Pasyuk, E., Phelps, W., Pilleux, N., Pocanic, D., Pogorelko, O., Pokhrel, M., Poudel, J., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Raue, B. A., Reed, T., Ripani, M., Rosner, G., Sabatie, F., Salgado, C., Schmidt, A., Schumacher, R. A., Sharabian, Y. G., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Simmerling, P., Sokhan, D., Sparveris, N., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tan, J. A., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Wei, X., Wishart, R., Wood, M. H., Zachariou, N., Zhao, Z. W., Ziegler, V., and Zurek, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present the first measurement of di-hadron angular correlations in electron-nucleus scattering. The data were taken with the CLAS detector and a 5.0 GeV electron beam incident on deuterium, carbon, iron, and lead targets. Relative to deuterium, the nuclear yields of charged-pion pairs show a strong suppression for azimuthally opposite pairs, no suppression for azimuthally nearby pairs, and an enhancement of pairs with large invariant mass. These effects grow with increased nuclear size. The data are qualitatively described by the GiBUU model, which suggests that hadrons form near the nuclear surface and undergo multiple-scattering in nuclei. These results show that angular correlation studies can open a new way to elucidate how hadrons form and interact inside nuclei, Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2022
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42. Clinical and Public Health Considerations for HPV Vaccination in Midadulthood: A Narrative Review.

Author: King, Laura, Lewnard, Joseph, and Niccolai, Linda
Subjects: HPV, human papillomavirus, midadults, vaccination
Abstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an important cause of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers, anogenital warts, and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Beginning in 2019, US guidelines recommended shared clinical decision-making (SCDM) for HPV vaccination among midadults (27-45 years). We conducted a narrative review of existing literature on HPV vaccination in midadults. The available evidence demonstrates that HPV vaccination in midadults is safe, efficacious, and likely to benefit both HPV-naïve midadults and those with previous infections. However, gaps in knowledge related to HPV vaccination have been identified among clinicians and midadult patients. Universal midadult HPV vaccination in the United States could avert 20 934-37 856 cancer cases over 100 years, costing $141 000-$1 471 000 per quality-adjusted life-year gained. Wide variation in these estimates reflects uncertainties in sexual behavior, HPV natural history, and naturally acquired immunity. Greater awareness among clinicians and midadult patients and broad implementation of SCDM may accelerate progress toward eliminating HPV-associated cancers and other diseases.
Published: 2023

43. Preferences and attitudes regarding early intervention in multiple sclerosis: A systematic literature review

Author: Martin, Sylvia, Kihlbom, Ulrik, Pasquini, Guido, Gerli, Filippo, Niccolai, Claudia, Della Bella, Sara, Portaccio, Emilio, Betti, Matteo, Amato, Maria Pia, Achiron, Anat, Kalron, Alon, Aloni, Roy, and Schölin Bywall, Karin
Published: 2024
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44. Decay time estimate for LEO spacecraft

Author: Niccolai, Lorenzo and Mengali, Giovanni
Published: 2024
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45. AI-assisted Optimization of the ECCE Tracking System at the Electron Ion Collider

Author: Fanelli, C., Papandreou, Z., Suresh, K., Adkins, J. K., Akiba, Y., Albataineh, A., Amaryan, M., Arsene, I. C., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bae, J., Bai, X., Baker, M. D., Bashkanov, M., Bellwied, R., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V., Bernauer, J. C., Bock, F., Boeglin, W., Borysova, M., Brash, E., Brindza, P., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Bylinkin, A., Capobianco, R., Chang, W. -C., Cheon, Y., Chen, K., Chen, K. -F., Cheng, K. -Y., Chiu, M., Chujo, T., Citron, Z., Cline, E., Cohen, E., Cormier, T., Morales, Y. Corrales, Cotton, C., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Creekmore, S., Cuevas, C., Cunningham, J., David, G., Dean, C. T., Demarteau, M., Diehl, S., Doshita, N., Dupre, R., Durham, J. M., Dzhygadlo, R., Ehlers, R., Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Ent, R., Fatemi, R., Fegan, S., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Frantz, J., Friedman, M., Friscic, I., Gangadharan, D., Gardner, S., Gates, K., Geurts, F., Gilman, R., Glazier, D., Glimos, E., Goto, Y., Grau, N., Greene, S. V., Guo, A. Q., Guo, L., Ha, S. K., Haggerty, J., Hayward, T., He, X., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Hoballah, M., Horn, T., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hsu, P. -h. J., Huang, J., Huber, G., Hutson, A., Hwang, K. Y., Hyde, C., Inaba, M., Iwata, T., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kawade, K., Kay, S. J. D., Kim, A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, M., Kim, Y., Kistenev, E., Klimenko, V., Ko, S. H., Korover, I., Korsch, W., Krintiras, G., Kuhn, S., Kuo, C. -M., Kutz, T., Lajoie, J., Lawrence, D., Lebedev, S., Lee, H., Lee, J. S. H., Lee, S. W., Lee, Y. -J., Li, W., Li, W. B., Li, X., Liang, Y. T., Lim, S., Lin, C. -h., Lin, D. X., Liu, K., Liu, M. X., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Llope, W. J., Loizides, C., Long, E., Lu, R. -S., Lu, Z., Lynch, W., Marchand, D., Marcisovsky, M., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., McGaughey, P., Mihovilovic, M., Milner, R. G., Milov, A., Miyachi, Y., Mkrtchyan, A., Monaghan, P., Montgomery, R., Morrison, D., Movsisyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Camacho, C. Munoz, Murray, M., Nagai, K., Nagle, J., Nakagawa, I., Nattrass, C., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Nouicer, R., Nukazuka, G., Nycz, M., Okorokov, V. A., Oresic, S., Osborn, J. D., O'Shaughnessy, C., Paganis, S., Pate, S. F., Patel, M., Paus, C., Penman, G., Perdekamp, M. G., Perepelitsa, D. V., da Costa, H. Periera, Peters, K., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pinkenburg, C., Prochazka, I., Protzman, T., Purschke, M. L., Putschke, J., Pybus, J. R., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Rasson, J., Raue, B., Read, K. F., Roed, K., Reed, R., Reinhold, J., Renner, E. L., Richards, J., Riedl, C., Rinn, T., Roche, J., Roland, G. M., Ron, G., Rosati, M., Royon, C., Ryu, J., Salur, S., Santiesteban, N., Santos, R., Sarsour, M., Schambach, J., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, N., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Seidl, R., Sickles, A., Simmerling, P., Sirca, S., Sharma, D., Shi, Z., Shibata, T. -A., Shih, C. -W., Shimizu, S., Shrestha, U., Slifer, K., Smith, K., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Song, J., Strakovsky, I. I., Steinberg, P., Stepanov, P., Stevens, J., Strube, J., Sun, P., Sun, X., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, W. -C., Araya, S. Tapia, Tarafdar, S., Teodorescu, L., Timmins, A., Tomasek, L., Trotta, N., Trotta, R., Tveter, T. S., Umaka, E., Usman, A., van Hecke, H. W., Van Hulse, C., Velkovska, J., Voutier, E., Wang, P. K., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Watts, D. P., Wickramaarachchi, N., Weinstein, L., Williams, M., Wong, C. -P., Wood, L., Wood, M. H., Woody, C., Wyslouch, B., Xiao, Z., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yoo, H. D., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zajc, W. A., Zha, W., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y. X., Zheng, X., and Zhuang, P.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Computer Science - Machine Learning, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract: The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a cutting-edge accelerator facility that will study the nature of the "glue" that binds the building blocks of the visible matter in the universe. The proposed experiment will be realized at Brookhaven National Laboratory in approximately 10 years from now, with detector design and R&D currently ongoing. Notably, EIC is one of the first large-scale facilities to leverage Artificial Intelligence (AI) already starting from the design and R&D phases. The EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment (ECCE) is a consortium that proposed a detector design based on a 1.5T solenoid. The EIC detector proposal review concluded that the ECCE design will serve as the reference design for an EIC detector. Herein we describe a comprehensive optimization of the ECCE tracker using AI. The work required a complex parametrization of the simulated detector system. Our approach dealt with an optimization problem in a multidimensional design space driven by multiple objectives that encode the detector performance, while satisfying several mechanical constraints. We describe our strategy and show results obtained for the ECCE tracking system. The AI-assisted design is agnostic to the simulation framework and can be extended to other sub-detectors or to a system of sub-detectors to further optimize the performance of the EIC detector., Comment: 16 pages, 18 figures, 2 appendices, 3 tables
Published: 2022
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46. Scientific Computing Plan for the ECCE Detector at the Electron Ion Collider

Author: Bernauer, J. C., Dean, C. T., Fanelli, C., Huang, J., Kauder, K., Lawrence, D., Osborn, J. D., Paus, C., Adkins, J. K., Akiba, Y., Albataineh, A., Amaryan, M., Arsene, I. C., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Bae, J., Bai, X., Baker, M. D., Bashkanov, M., Bellwied, R., Benmokhtar, F., Berdnikov, V., Bock, F., Boeglin, W., Borysova, M., Brash, E., Brindza, P., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, M., Bueltmann, S., Bukhari, M. H. S., Bylinkin, A., Capobianco, R., Chang, W. -C., Cheon, Y., Chen, K., Chen, K. -F., Cheng, K. -Y., Chiu, M., Chujo, T., Citron, Z., Cline, E., Cohen, E., Cormier, T., Morales, Y. Corrales, Cotton, C., Crafts, J., Crawford, C., Creekmore, S., Cuevas, C., Cunningham, J., David, G., Demarteau, M., Diehl, S., Doshita, N., Dupré, R., Durham, J. M., Dzhygadlo, R., Ehlers, R., Fassi, L. El, Emmert, A., Ent, R., Fatemi, R., Fegan, S., Finger, M., Finger Jr., M., Frantz, J., Friedman, M., Friscic, I., Gangadharan, D., Gardner, S., Gates, K., Geurts, F., Gilman, R., Glazier, D., Glimos, E., Goto, Y., Grau, N., Greene, S. V., Guo, A. Q., Guo, L., Ha, S. K., Haggerty, J., Hayward, T., He, X., Hen, O., Higinbotham, D. W., Hoballah, M., Horn, T., Hoghmrtsyan, A., Hsu, P. -h. J., Huber, G., Hutson, A., Hwang, K. Y., Hyde, C., Inaba, M., Iwata, T., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kalantarians, N., Kalicy, G., Kawade, K., Kay, S. J. D., Kim, A., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, M., Kim, Y., Kistenev, E., Klimenko, V., Ko, S. H., Korover, I., Korsch, W., Krintiras, G., Kuhn, S., Kuo, C. -M., Kutz, T., Lajoie, J., Lebedev, S., Lee, H., Lee, J. S. H., Lee, S. W., Lee, Y. -J., Li, W., Li, X., Liang, Y. T., Lim, S., Lin, C. -h., Lin, D. X., Liu, K., Liu, M. X., Livingston, K., Liyanage, N., Llope, W. J., Loizides, C., Long, E., Lu, R. -S., Lu, Z., Lynch, W., Marchand, D., Marcisovsky, M., Markowitz, P., Marukyan, H., McGaughey, P., Mihovilovic, M., Milner, R. G., Milov, A., Miyachi, Y., Mkrtchyan, A., Monaghan, P., Montgomery, R., Morrison, D., Movsisyan, A., Mkrtchyan, H., Camacho, C. Munoz, Murray, M., Nagai, K., Nagle, J., Nakagawa, I., Nattrass, C., Nguyen, D., Niccolai, S., Nouicer, R., Nukazuka, G., Nycz, M., Okorokov, V. A., Orešić, S., O'Shaughnessy, C., Paganis, S., Papandreou, Z, Pate, S. F., Patel, M., Penman, G., Perdekamp, M. G., Perepelitsa, D. V., da Costa, H. Periera, Peters, K., Phelps, W., Piasetzky, E., Pinkenburg, C., Prochazka, I., Protzman, T., Purschke, M. L., Putschke, J., Pybus, J. R., Rajput-Ghoshal, R., Rasson, J., Raue, B., Read, K., Røed, K., Reed, R., Reinhold, J., Renner, E. L., Richards, J., Riedl, C., Rinn, T., Roche, J., Roland, G. M., Ron, G., Rosati, M., Royon, C., Ryu, J., Salur, S., Santiesteban, N., Santos, R., Sarsour, M., Schambach, J., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, N., Schwarz, C., Schwiening, J., Seidl, R., Sickles, A., Simmerling, P., Sirca, S., Sharma, D., Shi, Z., Shibata, T. -A., Shih, C. -W., Shimizu, S., Shrestha, U., Slifer, K., Smith, K., Sokhan, D., Soltz, R., Sondheim, W., Song, J., Strakovsky, I. I., Steinberg, P., Stepanov, P., Stevens, J., Strube, J., Sun, P., Sun, X., Suresh, K., Tadevosyan, V., Tang, W. -C., Araya, S. Tapia, Tarafdar, S., Teodorescu, L., Timmins, A., Tomasek, L., Trotta, N., Trotta, R., Tveter, T. S., Umaka, E., Usman, A., van Hecke, H. W., Van Hulse, C., Velkovska, J., Voutier, E., Wang, P. K., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Watts, D. P., Wickramaarachchi, N., Weinstein, L., Williams, M., Wong, C. -P., Wood, L., Wood, M. H., Woody, C., Wyslouch, B., Xiao, Z., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yoo, H. D., Yurov, M., Zachariou, N., Zajc, W. A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y. X., Zheng, X., and Zhuang, P.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract: The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) is the next generation of precision QCD facility to be built at Brookhaven National Laboratory in conjunction with Thomas Jefferson National Laboratory. There are a significant number of software and computing challenges that need to be overcome at the EIC. During the EIC detector proposal development period, the ECCE consortium began identifying and addressing these challenges in the process of producing a complete detector proposal based upon detailed detector and physics simulations. In this document, the software and computing efforts to produce this proposal are discussed; furthermore, the computing and software model and resources required for the future of ECCE are described.
Published: 2022
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47. Exclusive $\pi^{-}$ Electroproduction off the Neutron in Deuterium in the Resonance Region

Author: Tian, Y., Gothe, R. W., Mokeev, V. I., Hollis, G., Amaryan, M. J., Armstrong, W. R., Atac, H., Avakian, H., Barion, L., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Benkel, B., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biondo, L., Biselli, A., Bossù, F., Boiarinov, S., Bondì, M., Brinkmann, K. T., Briscoe, W. J., Bueltmann, S., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V. D., Capobianco, R., Carman, D. S., Carvajal, J. C., Celentano, A., Chesnokov, V., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Clash, G., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Djalali, C., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Elouadrhiri, L., Eugenio, P., Fegan, S., Filippi, A., Gavalian, G., Gilfoyle, G. P., Girod, F. X., Golubenko, A. A., Gosta, G., Griffioen, K., Guidal, M., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hayward, T. B., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jenkins, D., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Joosten, S., Keller, D., Khanal, A., Khandaker, M., Kim, A., Kim, W., Klein, F. J., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Lagerquist, V., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lenisa, P., Livingston, K., MacGregor, I. . J . D., Marchand, D., Marsicano, L., Mascagna, V., McKinnon, B., Migliorati, S., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Camacho, C. Munoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Naidoo, P., Neupane, K., Newton, J., Niccolai, S., Nicol, M., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Park, K., Pasyuk, E., Paul, S. J., Phelps, W., Pilleux, N., Počanić, D., Pogorelko, O., Poudel, J., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Reed, T., Ripani, M., Ritman, J., Rizzo, A., Rosner, G., Sabatié, F., Salgado, C., Schadmand, S., Schmidt, A., Schumacher, R. A., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Simmerling, P., Sokhan, D., Sparveris, N., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P., Wei, K., Wei, X., Wood, M. H., Yale, B., Zachariou, N., and Zhang, J.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: New results for the exclusive and quasi-free cross sections off neutrons bound in deuterium ${\gamma}_vn(p) \rightarrow p{\pi}^{-} (p)$ are presented over a wide final state hadron angle range with a kinematic coverage of the invariant mass ($W$) up to 1.825 GeV and the virtual photon four-momentum transfer squared ($Q^{2}$) from 0.4 to 1.0 GeV$^2$. The exclusive structure functions were extracted and their Legendre moments were obtained. Final-state-interaction contributions have been kinematically separated from the extracted quasi-free cross sections off bound neutrons solely based on the analysis of the experimental data. These new results will serve as long-awaited input for phenomenological analyses to extract the $Q^{2}$ evolution of previously unavailable $n \to N^{*}$ electroexcitation amplitudes and to improve state-of-the-art models of neutrino scattering off nuclei by augmenting the already available results from free protons., Comment: The author list has been updated
Published: 2022
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48. The Heavy Photon Search Experiment

Author: Baltzell, Nathan, Battaglieri, Marco, Bondi, Mariangela, Boyarinov, Sergei, Bravo, Cameron, Bueltmann, Stephen, Burkert, Volker, Butti, Pierfrancesco, Cao, Tongtong, Carpinelli, Massimo, Celentano, Andrea, Charles, Gabriel, Cuevas, Chris, D'Angelo, Annalisa, D'Urso, Domenico, Dashyan, Natalia, De Napoli, Marzio, De Vita, Raffaella, Deur, Alexandre, Diamond, Miriam, Dupre, Raphael, Essig, Rouven, Fadeyev, Vitaliy, Field, R. Clive, Filippi, Alessandra, Gaiser, Sarah, Gevorgyan, Nerses, Graf, Norman, Graham, Mathew, Guidal, Michel, Herbst, Ryan, Holtrop, Maurik, Jaros, John, Johnson, Robert, Kubarovsky, Valery, Marchand, Dominique, Marsicano, Luca, Maruyama, Takashi, McCarty, Samantha, McCormick, Jeremy, McKinnon, Bryan, Moreno, Omar, Munoz-Camacho, Carlos, Nelson, Timothy, Niccolai, Silvia, O'Dwyer, Rory, Paremuzyan, Rafayel, Peets, Emrys, Randazzo, Nunzio, Raydo, Benjamin, Reese, Benjamin, Schuster, Philip, Simi, Gabriele, Sipala, Valeria, Solt, Matthew, Spellman, Alic, Stepanyan, Stepan, Szumila-Vance, Holly, Tompkins, Lauren, Toro, Natalia, Ungaro, Maurizio, and Voskanyan, Hakop
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Heavy Photon Search (HPS) experiment is designed to search for a new vector boson $A^\prime$ in the mass range of 20 MeV/$c^2$ to 220 MeV/$c^2$ that kinetically mixes with the Standard Model photon with couplings $\epsilon^2 >10^{-10}$. In addition to the general importance of exploring light, weakly coupled physics that is difficult to probe with high-energy colliders, a prime motivation for this search is the possibility that sub-GeV thermal relics constitute dark matter, a scenario that requires a new comparably light mediator, where models with a hidden $U(1)$ gauge symmetry, a "dark", "hidden sector", or "heavy" photon, are particularly attractive. HPS searches for visible signatures of these heavy photons, taking advantage of their small coupling to electric charge to produce them via a process analogous to bremsstrahlung in a fixed target and detect their subsequent decay to $\mathrm{e}^+ \mathrm{e}^-$ pairs in a compact spectrometer. In addition to searching for $\mathrm{e}^+ \mathrm{e}^-$ resonances atop large QED backgrounds, HPS has the ability to precisely measure decay lengths, resulting in unique sensitivity to dark photons, as well as other long-lived new physics. After completion of the experiment and operation of engineering runs in 2015 and 2016 at the JLab CEBAF, physics runs in 2019 and 2021 have provided datasets that are now being analyzed to search for dark photons and other new phenomena., Comment: Submitted to the Proceedings of the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021)
Published: 2022

49. Predicting mortality and re-hospitalization for heart failure: a machine-learning and cluster analysis on frailty and comorbidity

Author: Okoye, Chukwuma, Mazzarone, Tessa, Niccolai, Filippo, Bencivenga, Leonardo, Pescatore, Giulia, Bianco, Maria Giovanna, Guerrini, Cinzia, Giusti, Andrea, Guarino, Daniela, and Virdis, Agostino
Published: 2023
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50. Immune landscape and oncobiota in HPV-Associated Colorectal Cancer: an explorative study

Author: Ambrosio, Maria Raffaella, Niccolai, Elena, Petrelli, Federica, Di Gloria, Leandro, Bertacca, Gloria, Giusti, Andrea, Baldi, Simone, Cavazzana, Andrea, Palmeri, Matteo, Perotti, Bruno, Ramazzotti, Matteo, Arganini, Marco, and Amedei, Amedeo
Published: 2023
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