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Abstract Nonprogrammed cell death (NPCD) and programmed cell death (PCD) are two types of cell death. Cell death is significantly linked to tumor development, medication resistance, cancer recurrence, and metastatic dissemination. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of cell death is essential for the treatment of cancer. Pyroptosis is a kind of PCD distinct from autophagy and apoptosis in terms of the structure and function of cells. The defining features of pyroptosis include the release of an inflammatory cascade reaction and the expulsion of lysosomes, inflammatory mediators, and other cellular substances from within the cell. Additionally, it displays variations in osmotic pressure both within and outside the cell. Pyroptosis, as evidenced by a growing body of research, is critical for controlling the development of inflammatory diseases and cancer. In this paper, we reviewed the current level of knowledge on the mechanism of pyroptosis and inflammasomes and their connection to cancer and inflammatory diseases. This article presents a theoretical framework for investigating the potential of therapeutic targets in cancer and inflammatory diseases, overcoming medication resistance, establishing nanomedicines associated with pyroptosis, and developing risk prediction models in refractory cancer. Given the link between pyroptosis and the emergence of cancer and inflammatory diseases, pyroptosis‐targeted treatments may be a cutting‐edge treatment strategy.

The chiral materials and circularly polarized organic light‐emitting diodes (CP‐OLEDs) have potential applications in 3D display due to the generation of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). However, achieving a combination of chirality, high efficiency, and narrowband emission for thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials has proven to be a challenging endeavor, often involving complicated synthesis and chiral separation processes. In this study, a simple design approach is introduced by direct connection of the multiple resonance (MR) skeleton and chiral (R/S)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl units, obtaining two pairs of chiral MR‐TADF enantiomers (R/S)‐DtCzB‐OBN and (R/S)‐DtCzB‐BN without chiral resolution. These enantiomers exhibit blue‐green emissions with photoluminescence quantum efficiencies of up to 98% in doped films and full‐width at half‐maximum of 22 nm both in toluene and in the device. Furthermore, (R/S)‐DtCzB‐OBN and (R/S)‐DtCzB‐BN display symmetric CPL spectra with dissymmetry factors (gPL) of + 3.86(± 0.317) × 10−4/‐3.37(± 0.317) × 10−4 and + 7.09(± 0.233) × 10−4/‐7.74(± 0.233) × 10−4, respectively. The CP‐OLEDs based on (R/S)‐DtCzB‐OBN and (R/S)‐DtCzB‐BN exhibit impressive maximum external quantum efficiencies of 30.0% and 33.9%, as well as gEL factors of +3.40(± 0.362) × 10−4/‐3.11(± 0.362) × 10−4 and + 7.99(± 0.391) × 10−4/‐8.19(± 0.391) × 10−4, respectively. This research proposes a strategy for directly constructing chiral MR‐TADF materials for high‐performance CP‐OLEDs, avoiding complicated chiral separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rigid planar architecture of multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) molecules employing boron/nitrogen (B/N) frameworks typically results in severe aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) and spectral broadening. Herein, a steric modification strategy is proposed by incorporating a tetrahedral architecture of triphenylgermanium (TPhGe) into the para‐position of B/N/N, B/N/O, and B/N/S frameworks for the first time, formed three MR‐TADF emitters, BNNGe, BNOGe, and BNSGe, with narrowband emissions ranging from bluish‐green to pure blue. Consequently, these emitters exhibit high photoluminescence quantum yields of > 90% in doped films. Organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on BNNGe, BNOGe, and BNSGe demonstrate impressive maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEmaxs) of 30.1% to 15.5%, and 20.7%, respectively. The unique tetrahedral TPhGe moiety, with its bulky size conformation, effectively separates adjacent MR‐TADF molecules, resulting in efficient luminescence across a broad range of doping concentrations (5–30 wt%) in doped films, thereby successfully suppressing the ACQ in devices. Furthermore, OLEDs containing BNSGe display low‐efficiency roll‐offs because of higher spin‐orbital coupling and reverse intersystem crossing rates of the emitter, attributed to the heavy atom effect. Notably, the device with 5 wt% BNOGe exhibits a pure blue emission peaking at 461 nm, with a narrow full‐width at half‐maximum of 32 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pallet is an important tool in transportation, and its production raw materials show a diversified development trend. In order to design the structure of discarded glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) pallets, a static analysis was performed using ABAQUS. The pallet's structural parameters were used as variables, while the pallet mass and maximum stress were set as optimization objectives. An optimization experiment using DOE with ISIGHT was conducted to obtain a locally optimal solution. The DOE experimental results were fitted using a RBF model to obtain an approximate model. By applying the NSGA-II algorithm, the approximate model can be further optimized to achieve the optimal structure. The results showed that after optimizing through DOE, the pallet's mass increased by 9.2% and maximum stress decreased by 18.2%. Furthermore, after further optimization using the NSGA-II algorithm, the pallet's mass decreased by 1.2% and maximum stress decreased by 15.3%. Optimised design of the pallet structure was achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with a class of two-dimensional linear differential systems with periodic coefficients. A sufficient condition for the exponential dichotomy of the linear system is given by the fixed point theorem and variable substitution, and some new results are obtained.

In this paper, we discuss one-dimensional differential equation with ω-period. By using the fixed point theory, the existence of a periodic solution is obtained; by using the second Lyapunov method, the uniqueness and stability of the periodic solution are obtained.

This paper deals with a class of one element n-degree polynomial differential equations. By the fixed point theory, we obtain n periodic solutions of the equation. This paper generalizes some related conclusions of some papers.

In this paper, the existence of a periodic solution for Abel’s differential equation is obtained first by using the fixed-point theorem. Then, by constructing the Lyapunov function, the uniqueness and stability of the periodic solution of the equation are obtained.

The primary cilium is increasingly recognized as a crucial player in the physiology of biliary epithelial cells (BECs). However, the precise role of primary cilia in the development of age‐related biliary fibrosis remains unclear. Herein, using cilium‐deficient mice, we demonstrate that disruption of ciliary homeostasis in BECs in aged mice leads to significant bile duct proliferation, augmented biliary fibrosis, and heightened indicators of liver injury. Our RNA‐sequencing data revealed a dysregulation in genes associated with various biological processes such as bile secretion, fatty acid metabolism, and inflammation. Loss of primary cilia also significantly enhanced signaling pathways driving the development of biliary fibrosis. Our findings collectively suggest that loss of primary cilia in the BECs of aged mice initiates a cascade of signaling events that contribute to biliary fibrosis, highlighting the primary cilium as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of fibrosing cholangiopathies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanoplates have been widely used as elementary components for ultrasensitive and ultrafine resolution applications in the field of nano-electro-mechanical systems because of their potentially remarkable mechanical properties. The accurate analysis of their mechanical behavior is currently of particular interest in the function design and reliability analysis of nano-scaled devices. To examine the size-dependent bending and vibration behavior of nanoplates with curvilinear and irregular shapes, a new p-version curved C1 finite element is formulated in the framework of the nonlocal Kirchhoff plate model. This newly developed element not only enables an accurate geometry representation and easy mesh generation of curvilinear domains but also overcomes the difficulty of imposing C1 conformity required by the nonlocal Kirchhoff plate model, particularly on the curvilinear inter-element boundaries. Numerical examples show that this element can produce an exponential rate of convergence even when curved elements are used in the domain discretization. Vast numerical results are presented for nanoplates with various geometric shapes, including rectangular, circular, elliptic, annular, and sectorial. The high accuracy of the present element is verified by comparing the obtained results with analytical and numerical results in the literature. Additionally, a comprehensive parametric analysis is conducted to investigate the influences of nonlocal parameters, plate dimensions, and boundary conditions on the nonlocal behavior of nanoplates. The present element can be envisaged to allow large-scale mechanical simulations of nanoplates, with a guarantee of accuracy and efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]